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人教版初中九年級英語五大題型解題方法梳理
【短文填空 】
（一）題型特點
- 題目要求：從下面方框中選出10個單詞，將其正確形式填入短文，使短文意思正確通順（每詞限用一次）。
- 考查方向（3個）：
1. 對學生詞匯及其拓展能力的考查（包括基本詞匯及詞性和詞形的變化）。
2. 對學生英語短文閱讀理解能力的考查。
3. 對學生基本語法能力的考查。
- 答題提示：答題時既要選對詞，使其符合上下文語境，又要保證所填單詞的語法形式正確。
真題展示
方框單詞：art, choose, either, get, important, lose, old, parent, popular, talk, teach, them
… Is using computers really more important than talking to others and any other things This problem is becoming more and more serious because of the __5__ of computers and mobile phones. Not playing with other children, more and more children are choosing to stay indoors and quietly play on a computer on weekends and vacations.
思路導航
1. 根據短文含義 “……使用電腦真的比與別人交談和其他任何事情都更重要嗎？由于電腦和手機的 ______，這個問題變得越來越嚴重了……”，此空想表達的語義是 “普及/流行”，再根據12個單詞的提示，選出單詞 “popular”。
2. 需再分析所填詞的形式，此空前面的 “because of” 短語中 “of” 是介詞，其后加名詞或具有名詞屬性的詞，所以此空該填 “popular” 的名詞形式，即 “popularity”。
（二）名師點撥
解題步驟（3步）
1. 讀12個單詞，確定它們的三個方面：(1) 詞義；(2) 詞性及其轉換；(3) 詞形及其轉換。
2. 讀短文，確定兩個方面：
- (1) 根據短文文意和上下文語境確定所填空的語義，然后從12個單詞中選擇對應語義的單詞。（選對詞）
- (2) 分析句子語法結構確定所填單詞的詞性及詞形。（填對詞）
3. 檢查。注意拼寫，切勿填錯位。
真題精選
方框單詞：all, because, come, decide, everyone, finish, first, get, month, ride, there, with
James looked at his money box again. $24 was all that he had. The bicycle he wanted was $90! How was he going to get enough money
He knew that his friends __1__ had bicycles. It was hard to hang around(閑蕩) with people when you were the only __2__ without wheels. He thought about what he could do. There was no need to ask his parents, for he knew that they had no money. There was only one way __3__ money. He would have to find a job.
He __4__ to ask Mr Clay for advice(建議), who usually had answers to most things. “Well, you can start right here,” said Mr Clay. “My windows need cleaning and my car needs washing.” That was a start of James' odd - job(零工) business. For three __5__, he worked every day after __6__ his homework. He took dogs and babies for walks, cleaned up windows, and mended bikes. __7__ more and more money, he knew that he would soon have enough for the bicycle he wanted.
The day finally __8__. He went down to the shop to pick up the bicycle. He __9__ it home, trying to show his new bicycle to his friends. It was hard working for the money, but James was very happy, __10__ he had bought it with his own money. He had done what he thought was impossible, and that was even more wonderful than the bicycle.
1. _____ 2. _____ 3. _____ 4. _____ 5. _____
6._____ 7._____ 8._____ 9._____ 10._____
名師點撥（續）
【詞匯點撥】
詞匯及詞性 （詞性及）詞形變化 詞匯及詞性 （詞性及）詞形變化 詞匯及詞性 （詞性及）詞形變化
all (pron.) none because (conj.) - come (v.) -
decide (v.) (n.) decision everyone (pron.) someone/anyone/no one finish (v.) -
first (num./adv.) (num./pron.) one
(adv.) firstly
(adv./conj.) once get (v.) - month (n.) (adj.) monthly
ride (v./n.) (n.) rider there (adv.) here with (prep.) without
1. all
根據上下文邏輯得知句意：“他知道他的朋友們 ______ 擁有自行車了。當你是唯一的 ______ 沒有自行車的人，你就很難和人們一起結伴出行。” 根據句意，結合所給的12個單詞，確定此處應填 “all(都) ”。
2. one
(1) 根據上下文邏輯得知句意：“他知道他的朋友們都擁有自行車了。當你是唯一的 ______ 沒有自行車的人，你就很難和人們一起結伴出行。” 根據句意，結合所給的12個單詞，確定此處應填 “一個”，從中選擇 “first”。
(2) 結合所給詞以及空格處的語法結構可知，此處需要將 “first” 變成 “one”，用作代詞，故填 “one”。
3. to get
(1) 根據上下文邏輯得知句意：“沒有必要問父母要，因為他知道他們沒有錢。只有一種方式 ______ 錢。” 根據句意，結合所給的12個單詞可知，此處該選 “get(得到) ”。
(2) 結合所給詞以及空格處的語法結構可知，此處考查不定式作定語，故填 “to get”。
4. decided
(1) 根據上下文邏輯得知句意：“他 ______ 去向通常知道大部分事情答案的 Mr Clay 尋求建議。” 根據句意，結合所給的12個單詞，確定此處該選 “decide(決定) ”。
(2) 分析句子成分，此處缺謂語，要考慮時態，上下文都使用的是一般過去時，說明此處也表達的是過去發生的事，該使用一般過去時，故填 “decided”。
5. months
(1) 根據上下文邏輯得知句意：“連續三個 ______，他……” 根據句意，結合所給的12個單詞，確定此處該選 “month”。
(2) “month” 是可數名詞，空格前有數詞 three，故填名詞復數 “months”。
6. finishing
(1) 根據上下文邏輯得知句意：“連續三個月，他每天在他 ______ 作業之后工作。” 根據句意，結合所給的12個單詞，確定此處該選 “finish”。
(2) “after” 是介詞，其后應使用動名詞，故填 “finishing”。
7. With
根據上下文邏輯得知句意：“______ 越來越多的錢，他知道不久他將會擁有足夠的錢買他想要的自行車了。” 根據句意，結合所給的12個單詞，確定此處該選 “with(具有) ”。注意句首單詞要大寫首字母。
8. came
(1) 根據上下文邏輯得知句意：“那一天最終 ______ 了。他去商店提了那輛自行車。” 根據句意，結合所給的12個單詞，確定此處該選 “come (到來) ”。
(2) 分析句子成分，此處缺謂語，要考慮時態，上下文都使用的是一般過去時，說明此處也表達的是過去發生的事，應使用一般過去時，故填 “came”。
9. rode
(1) 根據上下文邏輯得知句意：“他 ______ 它回了家，試圖向他的朋友們展示他的新自行車。” 根據句意，結合所給的12個單詞，確定此處該選 “ride(騎) ”。
(2) 分析句子成分，此處缺謂語，要考慮時態，上下文都使用的是一般過去時，說明此處也表達的是過去發生的事，應使用一般過去時，故填 “rode”。
10. because
根據上下文邏輯得知句意：“工作賺錢很辛苦，但是詹姆斯很開心，______ 他已經用自己掙的錢買了自行車。” 根據句意，結合所給的12個單詞，確定此處該填 “because (因為) ”。
（三）實戰演練
方框單詞：although, be, decide, enjoy, good, housework, much, old, parent, sad, still, three
This is an interesting story. My mum once told me that after I learned to say “Mama” and “Dada”, my __1__ word was “no”. __2__, I used that word too often as a boy. I didn’t want to clean my room. I didn’t want to work in the garden, either. It’s more interesting for me to read books than to help my mum and grandma with the __3__. In other words, I was a bit of a brat(頑童). __4__ the youngest of three sons, I probably said “no” a lot more than I should have.
As I grew up, I began to say “yes” a lot more. I can remember making the bed and cleaning the floor. I thought it was really __5__ to help my mother and father. I can remember studying hard to get good grades in school and the happiness in my __6__ eyes when I got into college. __7__ saying “no” can sometimes make me feel comfortable, saying “yes” does bring more happiness into my life.
Even now, I am learning when to say “no”. I __8__ often say “yes”. My only advice to you is to make a right __9__ to life. Say “yes” to love. Say “yes” to helping others and making this world a __10__ place than before. “Yes” may only be a word, but it can change your life.
1. _____ 2. _____ 3. _____ 4. _____ 5. _____
6._____ 7._____ 8._____ 9._____ 10._____

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