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初中英語五大題型解題方法梳理——任務型閱讀
【任務型閱讀】
（一）題型特點
- 題目要求：根據短文內容，回答問題。
- 考查方向（4個）：
1. 對學生抓取題目關鍵信息能力的考查。
2. 對學生定位短文關鍵信息能力的考查。
3. 對學生語義的理解和總結能力的考查。
4. 對學生語法和表達能力的考查。
- 答題提示：答題時既要保證信息完整，又要保證符合題目的答題要求。
真題展示
Aerobic exercise(有氧運動) is now getting promoted(推廣) at work. A lot of companies(公司) have found people are more quick - minded and creative in their jobs if they often get aerobic exercise. For this reason, many companies are now running sports programs, holding sports competitions and so on.
How do you exercise There are many fun and exciting kinds of aerobic exercise. Find one that you like and keep it. It is healthy for the mind and the body.
8. Why do many companies ask their workers to do aerobic exercise
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思路導航
1. 提取關鍵信息：題目關鍵信息為 “many companies ask their workers to do aerobic exercise”；文中關鍵信息為 “A lot of companies (公司) have found people are more quick - minded and creative in their jobs if they often get aerobic exercise. For this reason, many companies are now running sports programs，holding sports competitions and so on.”
2. 語義理解：文中表明“公司發現員工常做有氧運動，工作中思維更敏捷、更有創意，因此推廣有氧運動”。
3. 總結答案：Because workers are more quick - minded and creative in their jobs. 或 Because aerobic exercise can help workers be more quick - minded and creative in their jobs.
（二）名師點撥
解題步驟（4步）
1. 讀懂題目，明確題意，找出關鍵詞。
2. 讀短文，定位與題目關鍵詞相關的關鍵信息位置。
3. 圍繞關鍵信息找答案，理解語義，結合題目要求總結。
4. 依據語法結構，完整準確表述答案。
真題精選
“Do you want to grow your own vegetables ” Mum asked. “Yes!” My eyes got big. Mom smiled at my excitement. She gave me a book on gardening，and I carefully planted some seeds(種子) in the backyard.
After supper，I rushed to see how much they might grow. Nothing! My mouth dropped. “Someone stole my seeds!” Mum laughed from ear to ear. She said，“Johnny，go and check the book.” I read the book and I knew something needed to be done.
Early the next morning，I ran to the backyard. Everything looked the same but I wasn’t that disappointed(失望的). As the book said，I slowly watered my seeds and put my finger in the soil (泥土) to make sure it wasn’t too dry. That evening，I couldn’t help going to check my garden again. No sign of anything green. Just dirt.
The next morning I raced to the garden again. No changes. “Why is it taking so long for the seeds to grow ” I asked. “Grow up!” I shouted. “Please，just grow，” I almost cried. Mum was too busy with housework to help. “Read the book，and wait patiently.” So I read again. I removed(除去) the grass from the soil and watered the seeds.
Then one morning，I walked out to my garden. I wasn’t expecting to see anything yet. To my surprise，a little bit of green came into my eyes. I got down on my knees for a closer look. “They grew!” I shouted. I could see little green leaves growing everywhere! I was so excited! “They finally grew! The book is right. It took several days for the seeds to be in the soil before popping up.”
6. Why did Johnny’s eyes get big when answering his mother’s question
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7. Where did Johnny plant the seeds
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8. Why did Johnny think someone stole his seeds after checking them in the evening
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9. Soil and water helped. What else did it take for the seeds to grow according to the passage (List 2 things.)
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10. Do you think if Mum teaches Johnny in a good way Why or why not
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名師點撥
6. 答案：Because he was excited to grow his own vegetables.
- 解析：題目關鍵信息 “Johnny’s eyes get big”，對應文中 “‘Do you want to grow your own vegetables ’ Mum asked. ‘Yes!’ My eyes got big.”，可知Johnny因興奮于種蔬菜而睜大眼睛。
7. 答案：In the backyard.
- 解析：題目關鍵信息 “Johnny plant the seeds”，對應文中 “I carefully planted some seeds (種子) in the backyard”，可知種子種在后院。
8. 答案：Because he didn’t see any growth. / The seeds didn’t grow. / There was no sign of anything green.
- 解析：題目關鍵信息 “someone stole his seeds”，對應文中 “After supper，I rushed to see how much they might grow. Nothing! My mouth dropped. ‘Someone stole my seeds!’”，因種子沒發芽，Johnny懷疑被偷。
9. 答案：Patience/Time/Taking good care of the seeds/Care/Careful work/Knowledge/…
- 解析：結合全文，種子生長需耐心（patience）、時間（time），或悉心照料（Taking good care of the seeds）、知識（knowledge）等（列舉2項即可）。
10. 答案示例：
- Yes. Because it helps Johnny become patient enough when facing problems. / Yes. It makes Johnny know he can learn basic life skills from books.
- No. Because giving Johnny help in time is important. If not，he would give up easily. And he would be braver when his parents are always there.
- 解析：開放性題目，圍繞“媽媽的教育方式是否好”，結合文中媽媽讓Johnny讀書、耐心等待等行為，闡述理由（語法正確、邏輯合理即可）。
（三）實戰演練
When you travel in Chengdu，don’t forget to watch the wonderful face - changing at the local tea houses. How much do you know about this traditional skill Let’s learn something about it.
Face - changing is a special skill in Sichuan Opera. There are different characters in the play. It is also a wonderful way to show their feelings and thoughts.
It is believed that the skill of face - changing started from ancient times(古代). To scare away the dangerous animals，people made themselves look scary. Later，during the Qing Dynasty，it became a famous art form and popular in Sichuan，Chongqing，and some parts of Yunnan and Guizhou.
Most people just know three kinds of skills of face - changing：wiping the face (抹臉)，blowing the face and pulling the face(扯臉). However，few people know the breathing(呼吸) skill.
The skill of pulling the face is very difficult. Under the cover of the dancing movements，the actor pulls each piece of the facial make - up which is tied with a thin thread(線). The actor must do the performance with much care and finish it in a very short time. This skill master Peng Denghuai changed 14 masks in 25 seconds. This was his latest Guinness World Record.
6. What does face - changing show in a play
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7. How many kinds of skills of face - changing are mentioned in the passage
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8. Where is face - changing popular
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9. What does Paragraph 5 talk about
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10. What do you think of face - changing performers
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