資源簡介

Period 3　Grammar and usage—Overview of to-infinitives，verb-ing and verb-ed forms
閱讀以下短文，感知黑體部分，并完成下面的練習
①Drawing inspiration from nature is a tradition that goes back centuries.Nowhere is this better illustrated than in the beautiful Lingering Garden of Suzhou.The main principle of its design is ② to recreate/recreating natural landscapes in miniature.First ③established in the Ming Dynasty，the original garden ④containing a rockery to symbolize Tiantai Mountain became famous overnight.Pine and bamboo groves were added later，along with a pond and an island.Visitors would be ⑤astonished to find the garden ⑥modeled closely on natural features.Visitors are also supposed ⑦to explore it scene-by-scene.This could vary from a view of a pond and the splashing of fish，to a tree in blossom，a pagoda or a moon-shaped gate.
以上黑體部分都是動詞的非謂語形式，非謂語有三種形式：動詞-ing形式，動詞-ed形式和動詞不定式；非謂語可以在句中充當主語(如①)，表語(如②和⑤)，賓語(如⑦)，定語(如④)，狀語(如③)，補語(如⑥)等。
　　　
非謂語動詞通常指動詞不定式、動詞-ing形式和動詞-ed形式，在句中可用作主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語和補語。見下表：
功能 形式　　 主語 賓語 表語 定語 狀語 補語
動詞不定式 √ √ √ √ √ √
動詞-ing形式 √ √ √ √ √ √
動詞-ed形式 √ √ √ √
一、作主語
1．動詞不定式和動詞-ing形式都可以在句中作主語。不定式作主語時常常用形式主語it代替，不定式置于句末。如：
Undergoing numerous challenges has made her more confident.
經歷了許多挑戰讓她變得更加自信了。
Being misunderstood by my teacher made me depressed.
被我的老師誤解使我沮喪。
To detect the implied dimension of a poem is important.
＝It is important to detect the implied dimension of a poem.
發現一首詩隱含的方面是很重要的。
2．動詞-ing形式有時也用形式主語it代替，動詞-ing形式置于句末。常用于下列句型It’s a waste of time doing sth“做某事是浪費時間”，It’s no good/use/fun/pleasure doing sth“做某事無益/沒用/沒意思”。如：
It is no good pretending to know what you do not know.
不懂裝懂是不好的。
It is no use reading without grasping the meaning.
只讀而不能領會其意是沒有用的。
二、作賓語
1．動詞不定式作賓語
在afford，agree，arrange，choose，claim，desire，expect，fail，hope，intend，offer，pretend，promise，refuse，wish，determine，decide等動詞后，常接動詞不定式作賓語。如：
To my great disappointment，he refused to accept my invitation.
令我大失所望的是，他拒絕接受我的邀請。
The novelist decided to break with the rigid rules and advocate innovation.
這位小說家決定打破陳規，提倡創新。
2．動詞-ing形式作賓語
在advise，admit，appreciate，avoid，consider，deny，dislike，enjoy，escape，excuse，finish，imagine，keep，mind，miss，practise，risk，resist，suggest，quit等動詞后，以及在短語burst out，can’t stand，give up，feel like，keep on，insist on，focus/concentrate on，look forward to，be addicted to，put off，devote...to，object to，get down to，be busy (in)，have difficulty/trouble (in)，have a good/wonderful/hard time (in)，have fun等后，常接動詞-ing形式作賓語。如：
He couldn’t resist showing off his new car.
他忍不住炫耀起了他的新車。
There is no doubt that I have little difficulty (in) communicating with foreigners.
毫無疑問，我和外國人交流沒有什么困難。
3．介詞后要接動詞-ing形式作賓語，如：
You’d better have your hair cut and get a suit made to measure before going to the interview.
在去面試之前，你最好剪好頭發，定做一套西裝。
注意：on/upon doing sth＝as soon as 引導的從句，作此意講時on/upon后也可以接名詞。如：
On his arrival/On arriving at the station，he found the train had just started.
一到車站，他就發現火車剛剛開動。
4．在like，love，begin，start等動詞后，既可以接動詞不定式作賓語，也可以接動詞-ing形式作賓語，但二者區別不大，常可以交換使用。如：
I like to go climbing when I’m available.
＝I like going climbing when I’m available.
我有空的時候喜歡去爬山。
It started raining when I got home.
＝It started to rain when I got home.
我到家的時候開始下雨了。
5．在remember，forget，regret，stop，try，mean等動詞后，既可以接動詞不定式作賓語，也可以接動詞-ing形式作賓語，但二者意義不同。如：
How I regretted arguing with her about the important question，which made us both unhappy.
我多么后悔和她爭論那個重要的問題，那使我們倆都不高興。
I regret to tell you that I can’t travel to Beijing together with you at the appointed time.
我很遺憾地告訴你我不能在約定的時間和你一起去北京了。
三、作表語
1．動詞不定式作表語
動詞不定式可以在句中用作表語，說明主語所指的內容，動詞不定式還可以帶邏輯主語。動詞不定式作表語，有的情況下to可以省略。如：
My job this evening is to look after the baby for her.
我今晚的工作是替她照看嬰兒。
My hope for my daughters is to distinguish between right and wrong.
我希望我的女兒們能明辨是非。
All I did was (to) give him a little push.
我只是推了他一下。
2．動詞-ing形式和動詞-ed形式作表語
動詞-ing形式和動詞-ed形式可以在句中用作表語，說明主語的特征或者狀態，動詞-ing形式還可以表示主語所指的內容。如：
She felt very depressed about the future.
她感到前途無望。
The book was so fascinating that I was totally absorbed in it.
這本書太精彩了，我完全被它吸引住了。
Her part-time job is teaching yoga in a school.
她的兼職工作是在一所學校教瑜伽。
四、作定語
1．動詞不定式作定語常表示將要發生的事，動詞-ing形式作定語常表示正在發生的事或表示主動意義，動詞-ed形式作定語常表示已經發生的事或表示被動意義。如：
I have something unusual to do before going back.回去之前我有些不尋常的事要做。
The student majoring in law made a comment on the matter.
這名法律專業的學生對此事發表了評論。
Jack cleared the fallen leaves on the ground before class.上課前杰克清理了地上的落葉。
His first book published last month is based on a true story.
上個月出版的他的第一本書是根據一個真實故事寫成的。
2．動詞不定式和動詞-ing形式作定語時可以有被動形式。如：
His first book to be published next month is based on a true story.將于下個月出版的他的第一本書是根據一個真實故事寫成的。
Do you see the gallery being built over there
你看到那邊正在建的美術館了嗎？
五、作狀語
1．動詞不定式作狀語
動詞不定式作狀語可以表示目的或者出乎意料的結果，表示結果時不定式前常加only。
To dig up more clues，he collected and studied a lot of information.
為了挖掘更多的線索，他收集和研究了大量的信息。
He hurried to the train station，only to find the train had left.
他匆忙趕到火車站，結果卻發現火車已經開走了。
注意：動詞-ing形式作結果狀語表示自然而然的結果。如：
Many highways have been built in China，making it easier for people to travel from one place to another.
中國修建了許多高速公路，使得人們從一個地方到另一個地方旅行更加便利。
2．動詞-ing形式作狀語
(1)一般式(doing)：表示動作和謂語動作同時或幾乎同時發生，與句子的主語是主動關系。如：
The sun began to rise in the sky，bathing the mountain in golden light.(主動關系)
太陽開始升起，使這座山沐浴在金色的陽光中。
(2)完成式(having done)：表示動作發生在謂語動作之前。如：
Having participated in some similar activities，I gained a lot of experience.
我參加過一些類似的活動，獲得了很多經驗。
3．動詞-ed形式作狀語
動詞-ed形式作狀語時，與句子主語之間是被動關系。having been done表示動作發生在謂語動作之前，與句子的主語是被動關系。如：
Seen from the top of the mountain，the city is very beautiful.(被動關系)
從山頂上看，這座城市非常漂亮。
Having been well tended for a year，my granny got better.
得到一年的精心照料，我奶奶的情況好轉了。
六、作補語
1．在expect，forbid，force，order，permit，request，warn，invite等動詞后，常接“名詞/代詞＋動詞不定式”結構，動詞不定式作賓語補足語。如：
We can always expect him to help us whenever we are in trouble.每當我們遇到困難的時候，我們總是可以指望他幫助我們。
I sincerely invite you to participate in the activity held by our school.
我真誠地邀請你參加我們學校舉辦的這次活動。
2．在see，hear，notice，watch，feel等動詞后，可以接不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語，表示動作的整個過程；這些動詞也可以接動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語，表示動作正在進行。如：
I saw him cross the street and enter a shop.
我看見他穿過馬路然后進了一家商店。
I saw him crossing the street.
我看見他正在過馬路。
3．動詞-ed形式作補語常表示被動意義。如：
I was surprised to find my hometown changed so much.我驚訝地發現我的家鄉發生了這么大的變化。
It’s requested that we should get the work finished by 10 o’clock.
我們被要求在10點前完成這項工作。
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
1．Having bought(buy) all the things he needed，he went back home.
2．He hurried to the airport，only to be told(tell) the plane had taken off.
3．We had an anxious couple of weeks，waiting(wait) for the results of the experiment.
4．Walking(walk) in the fields on a March afternoon made him feel the warmth of spring.
5．All the staff in our company are considering going(go) to the city centre for the fashion show.
6．John received an invitation to dinner，and with his work finished(finish)，he gladly accepted it.
7．When we visited my old family home in a remote village，memory came flooding(flood) back.
8．He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them interested(interest) in his lectures.
9．To ensure(ensure) the safety of gas，the government has checked the city’s gas supply system thoroughly.
10．Ideally located(locate) for Broadway theatres and Fifth Avenue，the New York Park hotel is a favourite with many guests.
Ⅱ.短文語法填空
On your 46th birthday，Mom gave me the letter 1.written(write) by you.In your letter，you said you were looking forward to 2.seeing(see) me fighting for my future bravely and doing well for myself and others.
After I finished 3.reading(read) this letter，I felt quite 4.shocked(shock) at your expectation of me.I also felt ashamed for not 5.having performed/performing(perform) well to meet your demand before.I still remember when I was in primary school，I failed 6.to apply(apply) myself to studying.You didn’t blame me at all.Instead，you taught me that 7.studying(study) was the most important object at the moment and encouraged me 8.to try(try) hard.Only when I read your letter did I realize that I behaved so badly at that time and you were so sad 9.to find(find) I didn’t do well for myself.
I can’t help 10.expressing(express) my gratitude to you.
作業3　Grammar and usage
[分值：77.5分]
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.單句語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
1．You don’t have to run fast or for long to see(see) the benefit.
2．It is no use advocating(advocate) such a life in a remote village.
3．The question to be discussed(discuss) at the meeting tomorrow is very important.
4．Taking(take) part in some social activities is a good choice for us students to improve ourselves.
5．Many factors can result in obesity，including skipping(skip) breakfast，lack of physical activity and so on.
6．I didn’t mean to eat(eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help trying(try) it.
7．To help(help) us learn more efficiently，the teacher suggested reading(read) through our notes on a weekly basis.
8．The distinguished(distinguish) novelist spoke slowly and clearly so that he could make himself understood(understand)．
9．Earth Day，marked(mark) on 22 April，is an annual event aiming(aim) to raise public awareness about environmental protection.
10．I still remember visiting(visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked(shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
Ⅱ.完成句子(共5小題；每小題3分，滿分15分)
1．He hurried to the airport，only to find the plane high up in the sky.
他匆匆趕到機場，卻發現飛機在高空中。
2．I regret to inform you that you didn’t pass the interview.
我很遺憾地告訴你，你沒有通過面試。
3．It is our duty to analyse the problem and see what went wrong.
我們有責任分析問題，看看哪里出了差錯。
4．I was disappointed at the film I saw last night.I had expected it to be better.
我對昨晚看的電影很失望。我原以為它能更好些。
5．Having so many years of experience，he has the capacity/ability to organize the Chinese painting exhibition to be held on Friday perfectly.
有這么多年的經驗，他有能力完美地組織將在周五舉行的中國畫展。
Ⅲ.主題語篇閱讀(共8小題；每小題2.5分，滿分20分)
A
(2025·河南焦作高二上期中)
Imagine you’re walking through a forest，and the path turns into two different routes.How do you pick which route to walk？and how do you feel about the one you don’t choose These are key themes in Robert Frost’s famous 1915 poem，The Road Not Taken.
Frost was born in San Francisco in 1874，and is remembered as one of the greatest American poets.His poems explore things like morality and self-discovery，as well as nature and rural life.However，The Road Not Taken was actually written as a joke about another poet，Edward Thomas.Frost lived for a period in England，where he became friends with Thomas.The two would take long walks in the countryside together，and Thomas often had trouble choosing which way to go.
When Frost read the poem to a group of college students，they took it seriously，unaware of its playful origins.Of course，Frost did say to them，“I’m never more serious than when joking.”
The poet’s choices can act as an extended metaphor(隱喻) for the choices we all have to make in life.In the poem，the poet talks about regretting that they can’t take both paths—just as choosing one path in life often means other options become impossible.In the end，the poet chooses the road that looks “less traveled by”，which many readers take as making the poem contain more about individualism too—doing things your own way，not as everyone else does.
The poem became more serious thanks to World War Ⅰ.Frost left England to avoid the war，but Thomas couldn’t decide whether to stay and fight or to follow Frost to America.In 1915，Frost sent the poem to Thomas.And while it wasn’t the only reason Thomas finally decided to fight in the war，he felt it was making fun of his indecision.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了Robert Frost 創作的The Road Not Taken這首詩及其背后的故事。
1．What inspired Frost to write the poem The Road Not Taken
A．The countryside life.
B．One of his friends.
C．His difficulty in making choices.
D．His eagerness for self-discovery.
答案　B
解析　細節理解題。根據第二段中的“However，The Road Not Taken was actually written as a joke about another poet，Edward Thomas.Frost lived for a period in England，where he became friends with Thomas.The two would take long walks in the countryside together，and Thomas often had trouble choosing which way to go.”可知，Frost 最初創作這首詩是受到一個朋友的啟發。故選B。
2．What did Frost’s words “I’m never more serious than when joking” in paragraph 3 suggest
A．The poem contained some hidden meanings.
B．The poem was not meant to be taken seriously.
C．He did not regard his own writing as important.
D．He put lots of efforts into the creation of the poem.
答案　A
解析　推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段內容可知，詩人的選擇可以作為我們在生活中必須做出的選擇的延伸隱喻。在這首詩中，詩人談到了他們不能兩條路都走的遺憾——就像在生活中選擇一條路往往意味著其他選擇變得不可能一樣。最后，詩人選擇了一條看起來“人跡罕至”的道路，許多讀者認為這使得這首詩也包含了更多的個人主義——以自己的方式做事，而不是像其他人那樣。由此可知，這首詩并不僅僅是為了取笑朋友而作，相反，它蘊含著深刻的人生哲理。故選A。
3．How do many readers interpret the poet’s choice of the road
A．A way of displaying individualism.
B．A representation of life’s unavoidable challenges.
C．A piece of advice about following others’ choices.
D．An expression of regret for not taking the other path.
答案　A
解析　細節理解題。根據第四段中的“In the end，the poet chooses the road that looks ‘less traveled by’，which many readers take as making the poem contain more about individualism too—doing things your own way，not as everyone else does.”可知，許多讀者認為詩人對道路的選擇是一種個人主義的表達。故選A。
4．What lesson can be learned from the story behind The Road Not Taken
A．Humor has no place in the serious works of literature.
B．It is important to think over something said by poets.
C．Even good friends can finally take separate paths.
D．Even the most playful creation can become something significant.
答案　D
解析　推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其根據最后一段可知，本文主要介紹了The Road Not Taken這首詩的創作背景及其深層內涵，通過介紹告訴讀者即使是出于玩笑或輕松創作的作品，也可能因為讀者的解讀和時代的變遷而變得具有深遠的意義。即The Road Not Taken這首詩背后的故事告訴我們即使是最有趣的創作也能成為有意義的東西。故選D。
B(此篇精讀)
It is generally supposed that the English Romantic Movement began in 1798.However，it is not a sudden outbreak but the result of long and gradual growth and development.The Romanticism is a literary movement which took place in Britain and throughout Europe between 1770 and 1848.Politically，it was inspired by the revolutions in America and France.Emotionally，it expressed an extreme claim of the self and the value of the individual experience together with the sense of the limitless and the transcendental(抽象的)．In Britain，Romantic writers of the first generation included Wordsworth and Coleridge，Blake and Burns.The second generation of British Romantics—Byron，Shelley and Keats absorbed these influences，wrote quickly，travelled widely and their life stories and letters became almost as important for Romanticism as their poetry.
Romanticism does not mean one thing or one characteristic.It is，in fact，a collective term to mean certain characteristics，such as mysticism(神秘主義)，humanism，supernaturalism，love of beauty，love of nature，love of equality.The chief characteristics of romantic poetry are as the following：
Subjectivity: All romantic literature is subjective.It is an expression of the inner urges of the soul of the artist.The poet gives free expression to his feelings，emotions，experiences，thoughts and ideas and does not care for rules and regulations.The emphasis is laid on inspiration and intuition(直覺)．
Love of Nature: Enthusiasm for the beauties of the external world characterizes all romantic poetry.Romantic poetry carries us away from the uncomfortable atmosphere of cities into the fresh company of the outdoor world.All poets were lovers of nature and looked at the beautiful aspects of nature.To them，nature was a friend，a lover，a mother，sister and a teacher.
Imagination and Emotion: The romantic poets laid emphasis on imagination and emotion.The Wordsworth’s romantic poem I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud deals with subjects of creative imagination，childhood memories，beauty of nature，the role of nature as a guiding spirit.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文，主要介紹了英國浪漫主義文學運動以及浪漫主義詩歌的特點。
5．What can we know about the English Romantic Movement
A．It originated at the later part of 18th century.
B．It emphasized the value of policies.
C．It was caused by sudden growth and development.
D．It was affected by the Russian revolution.
答案　A
解析　細節理解題。根據第一段中“The Romanticism is a literary movement which took place in Britain and throughout Europe between 1770 and 1848.”可知，英國的浪漫主義運動起源于1770年，也就是18世紀后期。故選A。
6．Which of the following clarifies Romanticism properly
A．It focuses on inspiration and reality.
B．It hides the inner desires of poets.
C．It is a term involving some certain features.
D．It is controlled by rules and regulations.
答案　C
解析　細節理解題。根據第二段中“Romanticism does not mean one thing or one characteristic.It is，in fact，a collective term to mean certain characteristics，such as...”可知，浪漫主義是一個包含某些特征的集合術語，故選C。
7．What does romantic poetry play a role in
A．Showing us another way to read novels.
B．Keeping us enjoying the company of nature.
C．Asking us to respect city atmosphere.
D．Making us always be enthusiastic.
答案　B
解析　推理判斷題。根據第四段中“Romantic poetry carries us away from the uncomfortable atmosphere of cities into the fresh company of the outdoor world.”可知，浪漫主義詩歌將我們帶離不舒適的城市氛圍，讓我們享受自然的陪伴，也就是說浪漫主義詩歌在讓我們享受與大自然的相處中起著重要作用。故選B。
8．How does the author explain the feature of Imagination and Emotion
A．By using a quotation.
B．By using personification.
C．By making a comparison.
D．By giving an example.
答案　D
解析　推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“The Wordsworth’s romantic poem I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud deals with subjects of creative imagination，childhood memories，beauty of nature，the role of nature as a guiding spirit.”可知，作者通過舉例子來解釋浪漫主義詩歌的想象和情感的特征，故選D。
[詞匯積累] 1．claim v．聲稱；索取；奪去(生命) n．聲稱，主張(文義)；權利；索賠 2．collective adj.集體的，共有的；總體的 3．equality(派)＝equal＋ity n．(社會地位、待遇上的)平等；均等，相等 4．subjectivity n．主觀性，主觀→subjective adj.主觀的 5．lay emphasis on 強調 [句式分析] The Romanticism is a literary movement which took place in Britain and throughout Europe between 1770 and 1848. 分析：此句為復合句。which引導的是定語從句。 翻譯：浪漫主義是一場文學運動，發生于1770年至1848年之間的英國和整個歐洲。
Ⅳ.七選五閱讀(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)
(2024·河北石家莊高二上期末)
Poetry has healing powers.To get more joy and peace，we don’t have to be a professional poet but we can develop a poetic mindset(心態)． 1
Be in awe(敬畏) of everything.
The poetic mindset starts with the idea that nothing is an accident.Everything is interrelated(相互關聯的) and plays a part in a greater whole. 2 Close your eyes.Now open them.What is the first thing you see Look closer.Ask yourself: What does it look like What does it remind you of Does it bring happy thoughts or sad ones Why I bet your randomly selected object is full of meaning.
　3　
A poem is a place where you can pour out your hard feelings.Don’t be afraid.You can always throw the page into the fireplace once you’ve filled it. 4 Poetry can be a storeroom for everything difficult in your life.But there’s more.I find when I write about something I’m struggling with，my negative feeling begins to become weaker.
Seek what inspires you.
Life isn’t perfect，but you can live with love and trust anyway. 5 There is always goodness to be found once you train yourself to look for it.Poetry to me is a form of praise.I build poems from things I see，people I meet and thoughts and feelings found deep inside.As I present those treasures in poetic language，I am appreciating what is good in them.
A．Let pain be your teacher.
B．How can we manage it in an easy way
C．What are the steps of writing a good poem
D．Poetry helps us remember this important wisdom.
E．Or seal it in an envelope and come back to it later.
F．Writing a poem is about describing your inner world vividly.
G．Therefore，everything deserves notice and even appreciation.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。詩歌有治愈功能，盡管我們不能成為專業的詩人，但是我們可以培養詩意的心態，文章主要介紹了幾種培養詩意心態的方法。
1．答案　B
解析　空前“To get more joy and peace，we don’t have to be a professional poet but we can develop a poetic mindset(心態)．”提出了要培養詩意的心態，且后文介紹了三種方法，故B項“我們應該怎樣簡單地做到這一點呢？”符合語境，承上啟下，故選B。
2．答案　G
解析　空前“Everything is interrelated(相互關聯的) and plays a part in a greater whole.”說明所有事情都是相互聯系的，都很有意義，G項“因此，每件事都值得關注甚至欣賞”與上文形成因果關系，故選G。
3．答案　A
解析　根據本段內容“A poem is a place where you can pour out your hard feelings.”以及“Poetry can be a storeroom for everything difficult in your life.But there’s more...”可知，本段主要介紹詩歌能幫助你處理生活中的負面情緒和難題，讓你更加積極地面對人生，A項“讓痛苦做你的老師”概括段意，適合作小標題，故選A。
4．答案　E
解析　空前“Don’t be afraid.You can always throw the page into the fireplace once you’ve filled it.”提出了如何處理寫下來的負面情緒，E項“或者把它封在信封里，以后再來看”提出另一種處理方法，故選E。
5．答案　D
解析　上文“Life isn’t perfect，but you can live with love and trust anyway.”提到“盡管生活并不完美，你也可以生活在愛和信任之中”的道理，下文“Poetry to me...”是描述自己通過詩歌尋找生活中的美好，故空處應是描述詩歌和上文所述的道理之間的聯系，D項“詩歌幫助我們記住這一重要的智慧”符合語境，故選D。
Ⅴ.語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
(2024·湖南郴州高二上期末)
When Chinese people think about romantic poets，Li Bai’s name probably springs to their mind.With his extraordinary imagination，free expression of strong feelings 1.________ mastery of language，Li Bai is widely recognized as the greatest romantic poet after Qu Yuan.
Li Bai’s romantic style was 2. (deep) rooted in his love of reading and travelling from a young age.Reading books of all kinds，he familiarized 3. (he) with classical Chinese culture，and acquired the 4. (wise) of previous generations.Besides，a burning desire for adventure and travel 5. (drive) him to visit famous mountains and great rivers almost around the whole country，enabling him to encounter different customs and practices.
The social and historical context 6. Li Bai lived also contributed to his romantic style.It was the most glorious period of the Tang Dynasty,7. time of economic boom and social stability,8. (create) an open and tolerant atmosphere.This allowed Li Bai the liberty to develop a free and unconstrained personality，which，in turn，had a huge impact on his poetic production.
Generations of poets，both in China and abroad，owe a debt 9. his inspirational poems.Today，Li Bai’s poetry continues 10. (enjoy) by countless readers around the world.
1．答案　and
解析　考查連詞。根據句意可知，空前“extraordinary imagination”“free expression of strong feelings”和空后“mastery of language”為并列關系，用連詞and連接。故填and。
2．答案　deeply
解析　考查副詞。分析句子可知，此處修飾謂語動詞應填副詞。故填deeply。
3．答案　himself
解析　考查代詞。根據句意可知，此處表示“使他自己熟悉”，故用反身代詞himself。故填himself。
4．答案　wisdom
解析　考查名詞。由空前定冠詞the可知，此處為名詞形式，wisdom為不可數名詞，故填wisdom。
5．答案　drove
解析　考查動詞時態。分析句子可知，此處為謂語動詞的填入，根據上下文時態可知，此處應陳述過去發生的事情，為一般過去時。故填drove。
6．答案　where
解析　考查定語從句。分析句子可知，此處為關系副詞where引導的定語從句，先行詞The social and historical context在從句中作抽象地點狀語。故填where。
7．答案　a
解析　考查冠詞。此處time為可數名詞，表示泛指，且time的發音以輔音音素開頭，所以此處為不定冠詞a的填入。故填a。
8．答案　creating
解析　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，此處為非謂語動詞作狀語，create和邏輯主語It為主動關系，所以為現在分詞形式。故填creating。
9．答案　to
解析　考查介詞。分析句子可知，此處為固定短語owe a debt to...“欠……的債，得益于……”。故填to。
10．答案　to be enjoyed/being enjoyed
解析　考查動詞短語和被動語態。分析句子可知，此處為動詞短語continue to do或continue doing“繼續做某事”，滿足句意要求，poetry和enjoy之間為被動關系，故填to be enjoyed/being enjoyed。(共85張PPT)
Period 3
Grammar and usage—Overview of to-infinitives，verb-ing and verb-ed forms
Exploring poetry
Unit 4
內容索引
情境導讀
語法總覽
語法精講
作業3
達標檢測
情境導讀
閱讀以下短文，感知加顏色部分，并完成下面的練習
①Drawing inspiration from nature is a tradition that goes back centuries.Nowhere is this better illustrated than in the beautiful Lingering Garden of Suzhou.The main principle of its design is ② to recreate/recreating natural landscapes in miniature.First ③established in the Ming Dynasty，the original garden ④containing a rockery to symbolize Tiantai Mountain became famous overnight.Pine and bamboo groves were added later，along with a pond and an island.Visitors would be ⑤astonished to find the garden ⑥modeled closely on natural features.Visitors are also supposed ⑦to explore it scene-by-scene.This could vary from a view of a pond and the splashing of fish，to a tree in blossom，a pagoda or a moon-shaped gate.
以上加顏色部分都是動詞的 形式，非謂語有三種形式：________
，___________和___________；非謂語可以在句中充當 (如①)，
(如②和⑤)， (如⑦)， (如④)，狀語(如③)，補語(如⑥)等。
非謂語
返 回
動詞-ing
形式
動詞-ed形式
主語
表語
賓語
定語
動詞不定式
語法總覽
返 回
語法精講
非謂語動詞通常指動詞不定式、動詞-ing形式和動詞-ed形式，在句中可用作主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語和補語。見下表：
功能 形式　　 主語 賓語 表語 定語 狀語 補語
動詞不定式 √ √ √ √ √ √
動詞-ing形式 √ √ √ √ √ √
動詞-ed形式 √ √ √ √
一、作主語
1.動詞不定式和動詞-ing形式都可以在句中作主語。不定式作主語時常常用形式主語it代替，不定式置于句末。如：
Undergoing numerous challenges has made her more confident.
經歷了許多挑戰讓她變得更加自信了。
Being misunderstood by my teacher made me depressed.
被我的老師誤解使我沮喪。
To detect the implied dimension of a poem is important.
＝It is important to detect the implied dimension of a poem.
發現一首詩隱含的方面是很重要的。
2.動詞-ing形式有時也用形式主語it代替，動詞-ing形式置于句末。常用于下列句型It’s a waste of time doing sth“做某事是浪費時間”，It’s no good/use/fun/pleasure doing sth“做某事無益/沒用/沒意思”。如：
It is no good pretending to know what you do not know.
不懂裝懂是不好的。
It is no use reading without grasping the meaning.
只讀而不能領會其意是沒有用的。
二、作賓語
1.動詞不定式作賓語
在afford，agree，arrange，choose，claim，desire，expect，fail，hope，intend，offer，pretend，promise，refuse，wish，determine，decide等動詞后，常接動詞不定式作賓語。如：
To my great disappointment，he refused to accept my invitation.
令我大失所望的是，他拒絕接受我的邀請。
The novelist decided to break with the rigid rules and advocate innovation.
這位小說家決定打破陳規，提倡創新。
2.動詞-ing形式作賓語
在advise，admit，appreciate，avoid，consider，deny，dislike，enjoy，escape，excuse，finish，imagine，keep，mind，miss，practise，risk，resist，suggest，quit等動詞后，以及在短語burst out，can’t stand，give up，feel like，keep on，insist on，focus/concentrate on，look forward to，be addicted to，put off，devote...to，object to，get down to，be busy (in)，have difficulty/trouble (in)，have a good/wonderful/hard time (in)，have fun等后，常接動詞-ing形式作賓語。如：
He couldn’t resist showing off his new car.
他忍不住炫耀起了他的新車。
There is no doubt that I have little difficulty (in) communicating with foreigners.
毫無疑問，我和外國人交流沒有什么困難。
3.介詞后要接動詞-ing形式作賓語，如：
You’d better have your hair cut and get a suit made to measure before going to the interview.
在去面試之前，你最好剪好頭發，定做一套西裝。
注意：on/upon doing sth＝as soon as 引導的從句，作此意講時on/upon后也可以接名詞。如：
On his arrival/On arriving at the station，he found the train had just started.
一到車站，他就發現火車剛剛開動。
4.在like，love，begin，start等動詞后，既可以接動詞不定式作賓語，也可以接動詞-ing形式作賓語，但二者區別不大，常可以交換使用。如：
I like to go climbing when I’m available.
＝I like going climbing when I’m available.
我有空的時候喜歡去爬山。
It started raining when I got home.
＝It started to rain when I got home.
我到家的時候開始下雨了。
5.在remember，forget，regret，stop，try，mean等動詞后，既可以接動詞不定式作賓語，也可以接動詞-ing形式作賓語，但二者意義不同。如：
forget to do sth忘記去做某事
forget doing sth忘記曾經做過某事
remember to do sth記得去做某事remember doing sth記得曾經做過某事
regret to do sth很遺憾地去做某事
regret doing sth后悔做了某事
stop to do sth停下來去做另一件事
stop doing sth停止做某事
mean to do sth意欲/打算做某事
mean doing sth意味著做某事
try to do sth盡力去做某事
try doing sth試著去做某事
How I regretted arguing with her about the important question，which made us both unhappy.
我多么后悔和她爭論那個重要的問題，那使我們倆都不高興。
I regret to tell you that I can’t travel to Beijing together with you at the appointed time.
我很遺憾地告訴你我不能在約定的時間和你一起去北京了。
三、作表語
1.動詞不定式作表語
動詞不定式可以在句中用作表語，說明主語所指的內容，動詞不定式還可以帶邏輯主語。動詞不定式作表語，有的情況下to可以省略。如：
My job this evening is to look after the baby for her.
我今晚的工作是替她照看嬰兒。
My hope for my daughters is to distinguish between right and wrong.
我希望我的女兒們能明辨是非。
All I did was (to) give him a little push.
我只是推了他一下。
2.動詞-ing形式和動詞-ed形式作表語
動詞-ing形式和動詞-ed形式可以在句中用作表語，說明主語的特征或者狀態，動詞-ing形式還可以表示主語所指的內容。如：
She felt very depressed about the future.
她感到前途無望。
The book was so fascinating that I was totally absorbed in it.
這本書太精彩了，我完全被它吸引住了。
Her part-time job is teaching yoga in a school.
她的兼職工作是在一所學校教瑜伽。
四、作定語
1.動詞不定式作定語常表示將要發生的事，動詞-ing形式作定語常表示正在發生的事或表示主動意義，動詞-ed形式作定語常表示已經發生的事或表示被動意義。如：
I have something unusual to do before going back.回去之前我有些不尋常的事要做。
The student majoring in law made a comment on the matter.
這名法律專業的學生對此事發表了評論。
Jack cleared the fallen leaves on the ground before class.上課前杰克清理了地上的落葉。
His first book published last month is based on a true story.
上個月出版的他的第一本書是根據一個真實故事寫成的。
2.動詞不定式和動詞-ing形式作定語時可以有被動形式。如：
His first book to be published next month is based on a true story.將于下個月出版的他的第一本書是根據一個真實故事寫成的。
Do you see the gallery being built over there
你看到那邊正在建的美術館了嗎？
五、作狀語
1.動詞不定式作狀語
動詞不定式作狀語可以表示目的或者出乎意料的結果，表示結果時不定式前常加only。
To dig up more clues，he collected and studied a lot of information.
為了挖掘更多的線索，他收集和研究了大量的信息。
He hurried to the train station，only to find the train had left.
他匆忙趕到火車站，結果卻發現火車已經開走了。
注意：動詞-ing形式作結果狀語表示自然而然的結果。如：
Many highways have been built in China，making it easier for people to travel from one place to another.
中國修建了許多高速公路，使得人們從一個地方到另一個地方旅行更加便利。
2.動詞-ing形式作狀語
(1)一般式(doing)：表示動作和謂語動作同時或幾乎同時發生，與句子的主語是主動關系。如：
The sun began to rise in the sky，bathing the mountain in golden light.(主動關系)
太陽開始升起，使這座山沐浴在金色的陽光中。
(2)完成式(having done)：表示動作發生在謂語動作之前。如：
Having participated in some similar activities，I gained a lot of experience.
我參加過一些類似的活動，獲得了很多經驗。
3.動詞-ed形式作狀語
動詞-ed形式作狀語時，與句子主語之間是被動關系。having been done表示動作發生在謂語動作之前，與句子的主語是被動關系。如：
Seen from the top of the mountain，the city is very beautiful.(被動關系)
從山頂上看，這座城市非常漂亮。
Having been well tended for a year，my granny got better.
得到一年的精心照料，我奶奶的情況好轉了。
六、作補語
1.在expect，forbid，force，order，permit，request，warn，invite等動詞后，常接“名詞/代詞＋動詞不定式”結構，動詞不定式作賓語補足語。如：
We can always expect him to help us whenever we are in trouble.每當我們遇到困難的時候，我們總是可以指望他幫助我們。
I sincerely invite you to participate in the activity held by our school.
我真誠地邀請你參加我們學校舉辦的這次活動。
2.在see，hear，notice，watch，feel等動詞后，可以接不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語，表示動作的整個過程；這些動詞也可以接動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語，表示動作正在進行。如：
I saw him cross the street and enter a shop.
我看見他穿過馬路然后進了一家商店。
I saw him crossing the street.
我看見他正在過馬路。
3.動詞-ed形式作補語常表示被動意義。如：
I was surprised to find my hometown changed so much.我驚訝地發現我的家鄉發生了這么大的變化。
It’s requested that we should get the work finished by 10 o’clock.
我們被要求在10點前完成這項工作。
返 回
達標檢測
1. (buy) all the things he needed，he went back home.
2.He hurried to the airport，only (tell) the plane had taken off.
3.We had an anxious couple of weeks， (wait) for the results of the experiment.
4. (walk) in the fields on a March afternoon made him feel the warmth of spring.
5.All the staff in our company are considering (go) to the city centre for the fashion show.
Having bought
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
to be told
waiting
Walking
going
6.John received an invitation to dinner，and with his work ___________
(finish)，he gladly accepted it.
7.When we visited my old family home in a remote village，memory came (flood) back.
8.He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them
(interest) in his lectures.
9. (ensure) the safety of gas，the government has checked the city’s gas supply system thoroughly.
10.Ideally (locate) for Broadway theatres and Fifth Avenue，the New York Park hotel is a favourite with many guests.
finished
flooding
interested
To ensure
located
On your 46th birthday，Mom gave me the letter 1. (write) by you.In your letter，you said you were looking forward to 2. (see) me fighting for my future bravely and doing well for myself and others.
Ⅱ.短文語法填空
After I finished 3. (read) this letter，I felt quite 4._________
(shock) at your expectation of me.I also felt ashamed for not 5.__________
(perform) well to meet your demand before.I still remember when I was in primary school，I failed 6._______ (apply) myself to studying.You didn’t blame me at all.Instead，
written
seeing
reading
shocked
having
performed/performing
to apply
you taught me that 7. (study) was the most important object at the moment and encouraged me 8. (try) hard.Only when I read your letter did I realize that I behaved so badly at that time and you were so sad 9. (find) I didn’t do well for myself.
I can’t help 10. (express) my gratitude to you.
studying
to try
to find
expressing
返 回
作業3
1.You don’t have to run fast or for long (see) the benefit.
2.It is no use (advocate) such a life in a remote village.
3.The question (discuss) at the meeting tomorrow is very important.
4. (take) part in some social activities is a good choice for us students to improve ourselves.
5.Many factors can result in obesity，including (skip) breakfast，lack of physical activity and so on.
to see
advocating
to be discussed
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
Taking
skipping
6.I didn’t mean (eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help (try) it.
7. (help) us learn more efficiently，the teacher suggested
(read) through our notes on a weekly basis.
8.The (distinguish) novelist spoke slowly and clearly so that he could make himself (understand).
9.Earth Day， (mark) on 22 April，is an annual event (aim) to raise public awareness about environmental protection.
to eat
trying
To help
reading
distinguished
understood
marked
aiming
10.I still remember (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
visiting
shocked
1.He hurried to the airport， .
他匆匆趕到機場，卻發現飛機在高空中。
2.I that you didn’t pass the interview.
我很遺憾地告訴你，你沒有通過面試。
3.It is our duty and see what went wrong.
我們有責任分析問題，看看哪里出了差錯。
Ⅱ.完成句子
only to find the plane high up in the sky
regret to inform you
to analyse the problem
4.I I saw last night.I had expected it to be better.
我對昨晚看的電影很失望。我原以為它能更好些。
5.Having so many years of experience，_____________________________
the Chinese painting exhibition to be held on Friday perfectly.
有這么多年的經驗，他有能力完美地組織將在周五舉行的中國畫展。
was disappointed at the film
he has the capacity/ability to
organize
A
(2025·河南焦作高二上期中)
Imagine you’re walking through a forest，and the path turns into two different routes.How do you pick which route to walk？and how do you feel about the one you don’t choose These are key themes in Robert Frost’s famous 1915 poem，The Road Not Taken.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了Robert Frost 創作的The Road Not Taken這首詩及其背后的故事。
Ⅲ.主題語篇閱讀
Frost was born in San Francisco in 1874，and is remembered as one of the greatest American poets.His poems explore things like morality and self-discovery，as well as nature and rural life.However，The Road Not Taken was actually written as a joke about another poet，Edward Thomas.Frost lived for a period in England，where he became friends with Thomas.The two would take long walks in the countryside together，and Thomas often had trouble choosing which way to go.
When Frost read the poem to a group of college students，they took it seriously，unaware of its playful origins.Of course，Frost did say to them，“I’m never more serious than when joking.”
The poet’s choices can act as an extended metaphor(隱喻) for the choices we all have to make in life.In the poem，the poet talks about regretting that they can’t take both paths—just as choosing one path in life often means other options become impossible.In the end，the poet chooses the road that looks “less traveled by”，which many readers take as making the poem contain more about individualism too—doing things your own way，not as everyone else does.
The poem became more serious thanks to World War Ⅰ.Frost left England to avoid the war，but Thomas couldn’t decide whether to stay and fight or to follow Frost to America.In 1915，Frost sent the poem to Thomas.And while it wasn’t the only reason Thomas finally decided to fight in the war，he felt it was making fun of his indecision.
1.What inspired Frost to write the poem The Road Not Taken
A.The countryside life.
B.One of his friends.
C.His difficulty in making choices.
D.His eagerness for self-discovery.
√
細節理解題。根據第二段中的“However，The Road Not Taken was actually written as a joke about another poet，Edward Thomas.Frost lived for a period in England，where he became friends with Thomas.The two would take long walks in the countryside together，and Thomas often had trouble choosing which way to go.”可知，Frost 最初創作這首詩是受到一個朋友的啟發。故選B。
解析
2.What did Frost’s words “I’m never more serious than when joking” in paragraph 3 suggest
A.The poem contained some hidden meanings.
B.The poem was not meant to be taken seriously.
C.He did not regard his own writing as important.
D.He put lots of efforts into the creation of the poem.
√
推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段內容可知，詩人的選擇可以作為我們在生活中必須做出的選擇的延伸隱喻。在這首詩中，詩人談到了他們不能兩條路都走的遺憾——就像在生活中選擇一條路往往意味著其他選擇變得不可能一樣。最后，詩人選擇了一條看起來“人跡罕至”的道路，許多讀者認為這使得這首詩也包含了更多的個人主義——以自己的方式做事，而不是像其他人那樣。由此可知，這首詩并不僅僅是為了取笑朋友而作，相反，它蘊含著深刻的人生哲理。故選A。
解析
3.How do many readers interpret the poet’s choice of the road
A.A way of displaying individualism.
B.A representation of life’s unavoidable challenges.
C.A piece of advice about following others’ choices.
D.An expression of regret for not taking the other path.
細節理解題。根據第四段中的“In the end，the poet chooses the road that looks ‘less traveled by’，which many readers take as making the poem contain more about individualism too—doing things your own way，not as everyone else does.”可知，許多讀者認為詩人對道路的選擇是一種個人主義的表達。故選A。
解析
√
4.What lesson can be learned from the story behind The Road Not Taken
A.Humor has no place in the serious works of literature.
B.It is important to think over something said by poets.
C.Even good friends can finally take separate paths.
D.Even the most playful creation can become something significant.
推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其根據最后一段可知，本文主要介紹了The Road Not Taken這首詩的創作背景及其深層內涵，通過介紹告訴讀者即使是出于玩笑或輕松創作的作品，也可能因為讀者的解讀和時代的變遷而變得具有深遠的意義。即The Road Not Taken這首詩背后的故事告訴我們即使是最有趣的創作也能成為有意義的東西。故選D。
解析
√
B(此篇精讀)
It is generally supposed that the English Romantic Movement began in 1798.However，it is not a sudden outbreak but the result of long and gradual growth and development.The Romanticism is a literary movement which took place in Britain and throughout Europe between 1770 and 1848.Politically，it was inspired by the revolutions in America and France.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文，主要介紹了英國浪漫主義文學運動以及浪漫主義詩歌的特點。
Emotionally，it expressed an extreme claim of the self and the value of the individual experience together with the sense of the limitless and the transcendental(抽象的).In Britain，Romantic writers of the first generation included Wordsworth and Coleridge，Blake and Burns.The second generation of British Romantics—Byron，Shelley and Keats absorbed these influences，wrote quickly，travelled widely and their life stories and letters became almost as important for Romanticism as their poetry.
Romanticism does not mean one thing or one characteristic.It is，in fact，a collective term to mean certain characteristics，such as mysticism(神秘主義)，humanism，supernaturalism，love of beauty，love of nature，love of equality.The chief characteristics of romantic poetry are as the following：
Subjectivity: All romantic literature is subjective.It is an expression of the inner urges of the soul of the artist.The poet gives free expression to his feelings，emotions，experiences，thoughts and ideas and does not care for rules and regulations.The emphasis is laid on inspiration and intuition(直覺).
Love of Nature: Enthusiasm for the beauties of the external world characterizes all romantic poetry.Romantic poetry carries us away from the uncomfortable atmosphere of cities into the fresh company of the outdoor world.All poets were lovers of nature and looked at the beautiful aspects of nature.To them，nature was a friend，a lover，a mother，sister and a teacher.
Imagination and Emotion: The romantic poets laid emphasis on imagination and emotion.The Wordsworth’s romantic poem I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud deals with subjects of creative imagination，childhood memories，beauty of nature，the role of nature as a guiding spirit.
5.What can we know about the English Romantic Movement
A.It originated at the later part of 18th century.
B.It emphasized the value of policies.
C.It was caused by sudden growth and development.
D.It was affected by the Russian revolution.
√
細節理解題。根據第一段中“The Romanticism is a literary movement which took place in Britain and throughout Europe between 1770 and 1848.”可知，英國的浪漫主義運動起源于1770年，也就是18世紀后期。故選A。
解析
6.Which of the following clarifies Romanticism properly
A.It focuses on inspiration and reality.
B.It hides the inner desires of poets.
C.It is a term involving some certain features.
D.It is controlled by rules and regulations.
細節理解題。根據第二段中“Romanticism does not mean one thing or one characteristic.It is，in fact，a collective term to mean certain characteristics，such as...”可知，浪漫主義是一個包含某些特征的集合術語，故選C。
解析
√
7.What does romantic poetry play a role in
A.Showing us another way to read novels.
B.Keeping us enjoying the company of nature.
C.Asking us to respect city atmosphere.
D.Making us always be enthusiastic.
√
推理判斷題。根據第四段中“Romantic poetry carries us away from the uncomfortable atmosphere of cities into the fresh company of the outdoor world.”可知，浪漫主義詩歌將我們帶離不舒適的城市氛圍，讓我們享受自然的陪伴，也就是說浪漫主義詩歌在讓我們享受與大自然的相處中起著重要作用。故選B。
解析
8.How does the author explain the feature of Imagination and Emotion
A.By using a quotation.
B.By using personification.
C.By making a comparison.
D.By giving an example.
推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“The Wordsworth’s romantic poem I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud deals with subjects of creative imagination，childhood memories，beauty of nature，the role of nature as a guiding spirit.”可知，作者通過舉例子來解釋浪漫主義詩歌的想象和情感的特征，故選D。
解析
√
1.claim v.聲稱；索取；奪去(生命) n.聲稱，主張(文義)；權利；索賠
2.collective adj.集體的，共有的；總體的
3.equality(派)＝equal＋ity n.(社會地位、待遇上的)平等；均等，相等
4.subjectivity n.主觀性，主觀→subjective adj.主觀的
5.lay emphasis on 強調
詞匯積累
The Romanticism is a literary movement which took place in Britain and throughout Europe between 1770 and 1848.
分析：此句為復合句。which引導的是定語從句。
翻譯：浪漫主義是一場文學運動，發生于1770年至1848年之間的英國和整個歐洲。
句式分析
(2024·河北石家莊高二上期末)
Poetry has healing powers.To get more joy and peace，
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。詩歌有治愈功能，盡管我們不能成為專業的詩人，但是我們可以培養詩意的心態，文章主要介紹了幾種培養詩意心態的方法。
Ⅳ.七選五閱讀
we don’t have to be a professional poet but we can develop a poetic mindset(心態). 1
A.Let pain be your teacher.
B.How can we manage it in an easy way
C.What are the steps of writing a good poem
D.Poetry helps us remember this important wisdom.
E.Or seal it in an envelope and come back to it later.
F.Writing a poem is about describing your inner world vividly.
G.Therefore，everything deserves notice and even appreciation.
√
空前“To get more joy and peace，we don’t have to be a professional poet but we can develop a poetic mindset(心態).”提出了要培養詩意的心態，且后文介紹了三種方法，故B項“我們應該怎樣簡單地做到這一點呢？”符合語境，承上啟下，故選B。
解析
Be in awe(敬畏) of everything.
The poetic mindset starts with the idea that nothing is an accident.
Everything is interrelated(相互關聯的) and plays a part in a greater whole. 2 Close your eyes.
A.Let pain be your teacher.
B.How can we manage it in an easy way
C.What are the steps of writing a good poem
D.Poetry helps us remember this important wisdom.
E.Or seal it in an envelope and come back to it later.
F.Writing a poem is about describing your inner world vividly.
G.Therefore，everything deserves notice and even appreciation.
√
空前“Everything is interrelated(相互關聯的) and plays a part in a greater whole.”說明所有事情都是相互聯系的，都很有意義，G項“因此，每件事都值得關注甚至欣賞”與上文形成因果關系，故選G。
解析
Now open them.What is the first thing you see Look closer.Ask yourself: What does it look like What does it remind you of Does it bring happy thoughts or sad ones Why
I bet your randomly selected object is full of meaning.
　3　
A.Let pain be your teacher.
B.How can we manage it in an easy way
C.What are the steps of writing a good poem
D.Poetry helps us remember this important wisdom.
E.Or seal it in an envelope and come back to it later.
F.Writing a poem is about describing your inner world vividly.
G.Therefore，everything deserves notice and even appreciation.
√
根據本段內容“A poem is a place where you can pour out your hard feelings.”以及“Poetry can be a storeroom for everything difficult in your life.But there’s more...”可知，本段主要介紹詩歌能幫助你處理生活中的負面情緒和難題，讓你更加積極地面對人生，A項“讓痛苦做你的老師”概括段意，適合作小標題，故選A。
解析
A poem is a place where you can pour out your hard feelings.Don’t be afraid.You can always throw the page into the fireplace once you’ve filled it. 4 Poetry can be a storeroom for everything difficult in your life.
A.Let pain be your teacher.
B.How can we manage it in an easy way
C.What are the steps of writing a good poem
D.Poetry helps us remember this important wisdom.
E.Or seal it in an envelope and come back to it later.
F.Writing a poem is about describing your inner world vividly.
G.Therefore，everything deserves notice and even appreciation.
√
空前“Don’t be afraid.You can always throw the page into the fireplace once you’ve filled it.”提出了如何處理寫下來的負面情緒，E項“或者把它封在信封里，以后再來看”提出另一種處理方法，故選E。
解析
But there’s more.I find when I write about something I’m struggling with，my negative feeling begins to become weaker.
Seek what inspires you.
Life isn’t perfect，but you can live with love and trust anyway.
5 There is always goodness to be found once you train yourself to look for it.
A.Let pain be your teacher.
B.How can we manage it in an easy way
C.What are the steps of writing a good poem
D.Poetry helps us remember this important wisdom.
E.Or seal it in an envelope and come back to it later.
F.Writing a poem is about describing your inner world vividly.
G.Therefore，everything deserves notice and even appreciation.
√
上文“Life isn’t perfect，but you can live with love and trust anyway.”提到“盡管生活并不完美，你也可以生活在愛和信任之中”的道理，下文“Poetry to me...”是描述自己通過詩歌尋找生活中的美好，故空處應是描述詩歌和上文所述的道理之間的聯系，D項“詩歌幫助我們記住這一重要的智慧”符合語境，故選D。
解析
Poetry to me is a form of praise.I build poems from things I see，people I meet and thoughts and feelings found deep inside.As I present those treasures in poetic language，I am appreciating what is good in them.
(2024·湖南郴州高二上期末)
When Chinese people think about romantic poets，Li Bai’s name probably springs to their mind.With his extraordinary imagination，free expression of strong feelings 1. mastery of language，Li Bai is widely recognized as the greatest romantic poet after Qu Yuan.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文，主要介紹了詩人李白的偉大成就，以及他取得這些成就的原因。
and
考查連詞。根據句意可知，空前“extraordinary imagination”“free expression of strong feelings”和空后“mastery of language”為并列關系，用連詞and連接。故填and。
解析
Ⅴ.語法填空
Li Bai’s romantic style was 2. (deep) rooted in his love of reading and travelling from a young age.Reading books of all kinds，he familiarized 3. (he) with classical Chinese culture，
deeply
2.考查副詞。分析句子可知，此處修飾謂語動詞應填副詞。故填deeply。
3.考查代詞。根據句意可知，此處表示“使他自己熟悉”，故用反身代詞himself。故填himself。
解析
himself
and acquired the 4. (wise) of previous generations.Besides，a burning desire for adventure and travel 5. (drive) him to visit famous mountains and great rivers almost around the whole country，enabling him to encounter different customs and practices.
wisdom
4.考查名詞。由空前定冠詞the可知，此處為名詞形式，wisdom為不可數名詞，故填wisdom。
5.考查動詞時態。分析句子可知，此處為謂語動詞的填入，根據上下文時態可知，此處應陳述過去發生的事情，為一般過去時。故填drove。
解析
drove
The social and historical context 6. Li Bai lived also contributed to his romantic style.It was the most glorious period of the Tang Dynasty,7. time of economic boom and social stability,
where
6.考查定語從句。分析句子可知，此處為關系副詞where引導的定語從句，先行詞The social and historical context在從句中作抽象地點狀語。故填where。
7.考查冠詞。此處time為可數名詞，表示泛指，且time的發音以輔音音素開頭，所以此處為不定冠詞a的填入。故填a。
解析
a
8. (create) an open and tolerant atmosphere.This allowed Li Bai the liberty to develop a free and unconstrained personality，which，in turn，had a huge impact on his poetic production.
creating
考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，此處為非謂語動詞作狀語，create和邏輯主語It為主動關系，所以為現在分詞形式。故填creating。
解析
Generations of poets，both in China and abroad，owe a debt 9.____ his inspirational poems.Today，Li Bai’s poetry continues 10.___________ ______________(enjoy) by countless readers around the world.
to
9.考查介詞。分析句子可知，此處為固定短語owe a debt to...“欠……的債，得益于……”。故填to。
10.考查動詞短語和被動語態。分析句子可知，此處為動詞短語continue to do或continue doing“繼續做某事”，滿足句意要求，poetry和enjoy之間為被動關系，故填to be enjoyed/being enjoyed。
解析
to be enjoyed/
being enjoyed
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