資源簡介

Period 3　Discovering Useful Structures
閱讀以下兩段對話，感知黑體部分并完成下面的小題
1．Lily：I haven’t seen you recently.What are you doing these days
Bob：I am doing research on how to protect wildlife.
Lily：You have never done such research before，have you
Bob：Yes，this is the first time that I have done this.I have read some papers on this topic and also attended a lecture.
Lily：The lecture is very useful to your research，isn’t it
Bob：Yes，it is.It is also inspiring.
Lily：It inspires you to find more information about the topic，doesn’t it
Bob：Yes，it does.It gives me suggestions on finding more information.
2．Sam：Amy，there will be a film in the school hall tonight，won’t there
Amy：I’ve just heard about it.It is called A Brief History of Time，a film about Stephen Hawking.
Sam：It must be a great movie，isn’t it
Amy：I think so.Let’s watch it together，shall we/shan’t we
Sam：OK，we can meet in front of the school hall at about six，can’t we
Amy：OK，see you then!
Sam：See you！
1.附加疑問句由兩部分組成：前一部分是陳述句式，后一部分是疑問句式，兩者用逗號隔開。
2．附加疑問句一般是前肯定后否定，或者前否定后肯定。
3．附加疑問句又稱反意疑問句。附加疑問部分的句式是：助動詞/情態動詞/be動詞＋主語，其中的主語必須用代詞。
附加疑問句
一、含義
附加疑問句是附加在陳述句后的簡短問句，對陳述句所敘述的事實或觀點提出疑問。
二、構成
1．肯定陳述句＋否定附加疑問部分
You have already got our invitation，haven’t you？你們已經收到了我們的請帖，是吧？
2．否定陳述句＋肯定附加疑問部分
You won’t be away for long，will you
你不會離開太久，是吧？
3．祈使句＋附加疑問部分
(1)肯定祈使句＋will you？(為了使祈使句聽起來更委婉、客氣，附加疑問部分還可以用would you，won’t you，can you，could you，can’t you等)
Have another cup of coffee，will you
再喝杯咖啡，好嗎？
(2)否定式祈使句＋will you
Don’t close the door，will you？別關門，好嗎？
(3)以Let’s開頭的祈使句，其附加疑問部分用“shall we”或“shan’t we”；以Let us/me開頭的祈使句，其附加疑問部分用“will you”。
Let’s go and listen to the music，shall we
我們去聽音樂，好嗎？
Let us wait in the reading room，will you
讓我們在閱覽室等，好嗎？
[即時訓練1]　完成下列附加疑問句
1．She wasn’t seriously injured in the car accident，was she
2．He has given up his goal，hasn’t he
3．Let’s go to the cinema together，shall we/shan’t we
4．Don’t hike alone，will you
三、附加疑問句的幾種特殊情況
特殊情況 例句
陳述部分有little，few，never，hardly，seldom，no，nothing，nobody，no one，none，neither等表示否定意義的詞時，其附加疑問部分用肯定結構。 He seldom contacts his family，does he？
陳述部分含有由un-，im-，in-，dis- 等否定意義的前綴構成的詞語時，視為肯定含義，附加疑問部分用否定形式。 Your little son is unhappy，isn’t he？(不能用is he) It is impossible to learn English well in that situation，isn’t it？(不能用is it)
陳述部分主語是this，that，these，those時，疑問部分主語用it或they。 These are credit cards，aren’t they？
當陳述部分是there be句型時，其附加疑問部分中要用 there。 There was an old stadium in front of our school，wasn’t there？
陳述部分用“used to＋動詞原形”時，附加疑問部分用“didn’t＋主語”或“usedn’t＋主語”形式。 He used to live in the poor country，didn’t/usedn’t he？
若陳述部分是一個主從復合句，附加疑問部分一般要與主句一致。 He said the match was a failure，didn’t he？
感嘆句后加附加疑問句時，附加疑問部分需用be的一般現在時的否定形式。 What fine weather，isn’t it？
[溫馨提示]　當陳述部分是“I’m sure，I’m afraid，I think/suppose/expect/imagine/believe等＋賓語從句”結構時，附加疑問部分一般與從句的主語和謂語一致，而且要注意陳述部分的否定轉移現象。
I don’t think he cheated in the match，did he
[即時訓練2]　完成下列附加疑問句
1．I don’t think it is a good novel，is it
2．What a wonderful picture，isn’t it
3．He thought that he would stick to his dream，didn’t he
4．She used to play soccer on the school playground on the weekend，didn’t she/usedn’t she
5．There is a computer on the desk，isn’t there
6．This is a car，isn’t it
7．Your coming was unnecessary，wasn’t it
8．I could hardly refuse，could I
四、回答
(1)當陳述部分為肯定式，附加疑問部分為否定式時，其回答一般不會造成困難，一般只需照實際情況回答即可。
(2)當陳述部分為否定式，附加疑問部分為肯定式時，要根據事實來回答，事實是肯定的用Yes；事實是否定的用No；此時的Yes譯為“不”，No譯為“是的”。
—He wants to go，doesn’t he
—No，he doesn’t.
——他想去，不是嗎？
——不，他不想去。
—You aren’t a student，are you
—Yes，I am.
——你不是學生，是嗎？
——不，我是。
Ⅰ.完成下列附加疑問句
1．He knows the athlete who has won four gold medals，doesn’t he
2.Taking notes carefully makes you learn better，doesn’t it
3．Alice，you wash the plates today，will you
4．You must have been there，haven’t you
5．The economy of our country develops well，doesn’t it
6．He is not the man who gave us a lecture，is he
7．Don’t contact the guy addicted to drug，will you
8．It is the third time that he has been a champion，isn’t it
Ⅱ.單句寫作
1．評論這件事意義不大，不是嗎？
There is little point in commenting on it，is there
2．我相信下周五他會來派對的，對嗎？
I believe that he will come to the party next Friday，won’t he
3．他從沒告訴我們他是怎么受傷的，是不是？
He never told us how he was injured，did he
4．你認為我們不會跑完這次馬拉松，是嗎？
You don’t think we can finish the marathon，do you
5．她告訴我們她完成了任務，是嗎？
She told us that she had finished the task，didn’t she
6．郎平是一個意志非常堅定的人，不是嗎？
Lang Ping is a person with great determination，isn’t she
7．停止玩手機，給你兒子樹立個好榜樣，不行嗎？
Stop playing on your cellphone and set a good example for your son，will/won’t you
8．這個交換生過去常常去漢語角，不是嗎？
This exchange student used to go to the Chinese corner，didn’t/usedn’t he
作業3
[分值：75.5分]
Ⅰ.用附加疑問句補全句子(共10小題；每題2分，滿分20分)
1．Few people are here，are they
2．Lucy would like an apple，wouldn’t she
3．There is little bread in this plate，is there
4．Everything seems all right，doesn’t it
5．You must have told her about it，haven’t you
6．Let’s go there by bus，shall we/shan’t we
7．Don’t forget to give Polly some food and change her water，will you
8．No one can answer this question，can they/can he
9．He must be tired，isn’t he
10．I suppose you have finished your homework，haven’t you
Ⅱ.閱讀下面短文，運用本單元所學語法補全句子(共4小題；每題2分，滿分8分)
The Old Cat
An old woman had a cat.The cat was very old；she could not run quickly,1.could she And she could not bite，because she was so old.One day the old cat saw a mouse and she jumped and caught the mouse.She could not bite it，so the mouse got out of her mouth and ran away.
Then the old woman became very annoyed because the cat had not killed the mouse.She began to hit the cat.The cat said，“Do not hit your old servant,2.will you I have worked for you for many years,3.haven’t I And I would work for you still，but I am too old.Do not be unkind to the old,4.will you But remember what good work the old did when they were young.”
Ⅲ.主題語篇閱讀(共8小題；每題2.5分，滿分20分)
A
(2025·河南高一上期中)
Being able to run 26.2 miles means you’re in good health，right Not exactly.We’ve already found some of the benefits of long-distance running，but now we’ll see the darker side of the marathon.
Marathoners who die in training or on the race course usually make headlines(頭條) because these tragedies(悲劇) seem so unusual—who could be in better health and less likely to die than a runner At the age of 52，Jim Fixx，a celebrated runner，died in 1984.In this condition，the walls of the arteries(動脈) become thickened，causing less blood to flow through them.In 2007,28-year-old Ryan Shay died while competing in the U．S.Olympic marathon trials.His death was caused by an irregular(不規則的) heartbeat.
It’s obvious that running influences the heart，but did you know running can increase the size of the heart Hearts can become bigger when an athlete is doing physical training.The body supplies the increased amount(數量) of blood needed by increasing the size of the organ.After that the hearts can lead to irregular heartbeat，which can lead to heart failure.
Some marathoners think their fitness level absolves them from health problems.This simply isn’t the case.Medical examinations can find the risk factors(因素) that kill and injure runners.There are ways to reduce your risk factors.Don’t think you can eat or drink whatever you want because running will burn off the calories—diets rich in fat can lead to heart problems.
In addition to these life-threatening aspects(威脅生命的方面) of the sport，there are other sports injuries to be known.Most of these are overuse or overtraining injuries that can be prevented by resting properly.While you should do the sport with caution(謹慎)，you should also have fun running.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了馬拉松這項運動的負面影響，包括可能導致的健康問題和其他運動損傷。
1．Why were the examples of Jim Fixx and Ryan Shay given
A．To show the possible danger of the marathon.
B．To take pity on their death.
C．To tell the importance of regular exercise.
D．To call on people not to exercise by themselves.
答案　A
解析　推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“but now we’ll see the darker side of the marathon”和第二段內容可知，舉吉姆·菲克斯和瑞安·沙伊的例子是為了表明馬拉松可能存在的危險。故選A。
2．How does the heart manage to provide the increased need of blood
A．By beating faster.
B．By enlarging itself.
C．By beating more heavily.
D．By working with other body parts.
答案　B
解析　細節理解題。根據第三段中的“Hearts can become bigger when an athlete is doing physical training.The body supplies the increased amount(數量) of blood needed by increasing the size of the organ.”可知，心臟通過擴大自身來滿足不斷增加的血液需求。故選B。
3．What does the underlined word “absolves” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Shapes. B．Separates.
C．Frees. D．Advises.
答案　C
解析　詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞后文“them from health problems”以及“This simply isn’t the case.Medical examinations can find the risk factors(因素) that kill and injure runners.”可知，畫線詞所在句提出了相反的事實，說明一些馬拉松運動員錯誤地認為他們的健康水平使他們免受健康問題的困擾。故畫線詞意思是“使……免于”。故選C。
4．What does the author suggest in the last paragraph
A．Having a rest after injuries.
B．Paying more attention to other injuries.
C．Stopping running completely.
D．Being careful and having fun running.
答案　D
解析　推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“While you should do the sport with caution(謹慎)，you should also have fun running.”可知，作者建議雖然應該謹慎對待(跑步)這項運動，但也應該享受跑步的樂趣。故選D。
B(此篇精讀)
We have all heard those people who say “exercise addiction，” but for many of us，it is hard to really love exercise.Some might even say they hate it or fear it.Why do they hate exercise And how can they overcome this bad habit to get their bodies moving
Throughout most of human history，because of lack of food，being active was not a wise choice.As soon as our ancestors were well fed，they rested to save energy，because they did not know where their next meal was coming from.So if you have the urge to sit down rather than go to the gym，you might find comfort in the knowledge that humans have a natural tendency to stay still.
Having said that，a growing number of people in modern society have adopted a sedentary(慣于久坐不動的) lifestyle.Yet，remaining physically inactive is terrible for our health.It is recommended that adults aged 18 to 65 get at least 150 (preferably 300) minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity each week.If this sounds too difficult，here are some tips to help you get motivated.
According to psychologists，there are two kinds of motivation for engaging in any activity：intrinsic and extrinsic.Intrinsic motivation arises from within an individual，while extrinsic motivation relies on external factors.
Do you work out to pass physical fitness tests or for your own sake Having a clear picture in your mind of what you want to gain from doing exercise can help put your fitness programs into action.To boost your extrinsic motivation，try arranging to meet a friend to exercise together.You will be more likely to follow through because most people don’t want to let their friends down.Furthermore，reward yourself with a new piece of sports clothing or shoes that you hope to wear while working out.Be sure to make the reward conditional on doing a certain amount of exercise so that you have to earn it.
Whatever method you adopt，be patient with yourself and keep the long game in mind—it takes around three to four months to get into the habit of regular exercise.After that，the intrinsic motivators will take over to keep your exercise routine going.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇議論文。文章主要論述了人們討厭運動的問題并提供了解決該問題的建議。
5．What does the author want to show by mentioning our ancestors
A．Our ancestors actually liked exercise.
B．It’s important to get into the habit of working out.
C．It may do harm to our health if we work out too much.
D．It’s understandable that some people don’t want to do exercise.
答案　D
解析　細節理解題。根據第二段內容可知，作者提到我們的祖先就是為了說明人類有天生傾向于靜止的習性，也就是說，有些人不想運動是可以理解的，故選D。
6．When should you reward yourself according to paragraph 5
A．The moment you decide to work out regularly.
B．After you have achieved a goal set by yourself before.
C．When you have saved enough money to buy something.
D．Before you start to make a long-term exercise plan.
答案　B
解析　細節理解題。根據第五段中的“Be sure to make the reward conditional on doing a certain amount of exercise so that you have to earn it.”可知，要完成一定運動量，也就是達到了自己設定的目標之后才能獎勵自己，故選B。
7．What is the author’s attitude toward people who hate exercise
A．Positive. B．Indifferent.
C．Hateful. D．Objective.
答案　D
解析　觀點態度題。根據第一段中“Why do they hate exercise And how can they overcome this bad habit to get their bodies moving？”并通讀全文內容可知，作者對討厭運動的人表示理解，但也指出不運動會帶來危害，綜合可知，作者對討厭運動的人持客觀態度，故選D。
8．What is the main purpose of this article
A．To tell the difference between two kinds of motivation.
B．To analyze the reason why people hate exercise.
C．To encourage people to do some exercise.
D．To solve the problem of people lacking motivation.
答案　C
解析　寫作意圖題。根據最后一段以及通讀全文內容可知，本文首先指出人們不愛運動這一問題，然后對運動的重要性做出解釋，最后就如何養成運動習慣提出了詳細建議。因此文章的主要目的是鼓勵人們做運動，故選C。
[詞匯積累] 1．lack of 缺乏 2．inactive(派)＝in＋active adj.不活躍的 3．motivate v．成為……的動機；激勵，激發→motivated adj.積極的；主動的→motivation n．動力；積極性；動機 4．engage in (使)從事；參與 5．furthermore(派)＝further＋more adv.此外，而且 6．reward vt.獎勵；獎賞；給以報酬 n．回報；獎勵；報酬 reward sb with sth用某物獎勵某人 [句式分析] So if you have the urge to sit down rather than go to the gym，you might find comfort in the knowledge that humans have a natural tendency to stay still. 分析：此句為復合句。if引導條件狀語從句；that引導同位語從句，說明解釋knowledge的內容。 翻譯：所以，如果你有坐下來而不是去健身房的沖動，你可能會因為知道人類有一種天生喜歡靜止不動的自然傾向而感到安慰。
Ⅳ.七選五閱讀(共5小題；每題2.5分，滿分12.5分)
(2025·浙江衢州六校聯盟高一上期中)
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner”．One reason was：“You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym，”while another read：“ 1 ” With a workout partner，you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle(微妙的) competition.
So，how do you find a workout partner
First of all，decide what you want from that person. 2 Or do you just want to be physically fit，able to move with strength and flexibility(靈活性)？Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media，but it probably won’t result in a useful response. 3 If you plan on working out in a gym，that person must belong to the same gym.
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park.Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do，how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session，and her age.It also listed her favorite sports and activities，and provided her phone number. 4
You and your partner will probably have different skills. 5 Over time，both of you will benefit—your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit.The core(核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
A．Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B．A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C．You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D．Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E．How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice
F．Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G．Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了與伙伴一起健身的好處以及如何找到一個一起健身的伙伴。
1．答案　C
解析　上文提到感謝健身伙伴的一個理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就會去健身”，再根據“while another read”可知，這里陳述另一個和別人一起健身的理由。所以C項“如果你和別人一起健身，你會更努力”符合語境。故選C。
2．答案　D
解析　根據下文“Or do you just want to be physically fit，able to move with strength and flexibility？”可知，空處與其并列，也應是一個疑問句，D項“你想在你最喜歡的運動項目上成為更好的運動員嗎？”符合語境。故選D。
3．答案　B
解析　根據下文“If you plan on working out in a gym，that person must belong to the same gym.”可知，B項“健身伙伴通常需要住在附近”符合語境，下文中的“that person”對應B項中的“A workout partner”。故選B。
4．答案　G
解析　空處位于段尾，應該是總結性的句子，上文列出了尋找健身伙伴的帖子所要包含的信息。所以G項“任何尋找健身伙伴的帖子都應包含這些信息”總結上文，符合語境。故選G。
5．答案　F
解析　根據上文“You and your partner will probably have different skills.”以及下文“Over time，both of you will benefit”可知，F項“接受你們的不同，學會彼此合作”符合語境。上文中的“different skills”對應F項中的“differences”。故選F。
Ⅴ.語法填空(共10小題；每題1.5分，滿分15分)
(2025·廣東中山高一上階段練習)
The Paris Olympics have turned the city’s famous landmarks into sports venues(場館)，1._____________(create) a culture-defining backdrop(背景) for the exciting events.This combination(結合) of architecture and 2. (compete) has left people with unforgettable memories.
One of the standout venues is the Esplanade des Invalides，3. large space outside the Hotel des Invalides that is hosting the archery(射箭) events.The hotel has a history dating back over 300 years，which originally served 4. a hospital for the wounded and retired soldiers.Today，it includes history museums and monuments，as well as the tomb of Napoleon Bonaparte.Watching 5. (athlete) draw their bows and release arrows 6._____________ fly through the air against the backdrop of the ancient buildings is a sight to behold(奇觀)．
7． (similar)，the shooting hall for the 2008 Beijing Olympics is a wonder of architectural design.The two-story venue features innovative(創新的) lighting，noise reduction and space design.Its outside surface 8. (cover) in brown，wood-like stripes(條紋)．As its architect from Tsinghua University said，the stripes represented a forest and were cleverly used 9.________________(provide) shade inside the venue.
Sports venues both at Beijing and Paris Olympics show 10. (they) uniqueness—a mixture of modernity and history，sport and culture.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了巴黎奧運會將著名地標轉變為體育場館，把歷史建筑和比賽相結合，創造出令人難忘的氛圍，并與北京奧運會場館的現代設計進行了對比。
1．答案　creating
解析　考查非謂語動詞。句中已有謂語動詞have turned，空處需用非謂語動詞，邏輯主語The Paris olympics和create之間是主動關系，用現在分詞creating作結果狀語。故填creating。
2．答案　competition
解析　考查名詞。根據空前的“architecture and”可知，空處需用名詞形式competition“競賽”與“architecture”并列，作介詞of的賓語，句中指的是“競賽”這一概念，用單數形式。故填competition。
3．答案　a
解析　考查冠詞。根據空后的“large space”可知，空處表泛指，需用不定冠詞表示“一個”，且large為輔音音素開頭的單詞。故填a。
4．答案　as
解析　考查介詞。serve as“充當；擔任”，為固定短語。故填as。
5．答案　athletes
解析　考查名詞復數。athlete“運動員”為可數名詞，由后文“draw their bows and release arrows”可知，不止一個運動員，應用復數形式。故填athletes。
6．答案　that/which
解析　考查定語從句。空處引導定語從句，修飾先行詞arrows，在從句中作主語，指物，故用關系代詞that或which引導。故填that/which。
7．答案　Similarly
解析　考查副詞。空處需用副詞形式similarly來修飾整個句子，作狀語，表示“同樣地”。位于句首，單詞首字母要大寫。故填Similarly。
8．答案　is covered
解析　考查動詞時態、語態和主謂一致。空處是句子的謂語動詞，陳述客觀事實用一般現在時；主語“Its outside surface”與謂語動詞cover“覆蓋”之間構成被動關系，應用一般現在時的被動語態；主語為單數名詞，故be動詞用is。故填is covered。
9．答案　to provide
解析　考查非謂語動詞。be used to do sth“被用來做某事”，為固定用法。故填to provide。
10．答案　their
解析　考查代詞。此處修飾名詞uniqueness應用形容詞性物主代詞形式their，作定語。故填their。(共65張PPT)
Period 3
Discovering Useful Structures
Sports and fitness
Unit 3
內容索引
情境導讀
語法精講
達標檢測
作業3
情境導讀
閱讀以下兩段對話，感知加顏色部分并完成下面的小題
1.Lily：I haven’t seen you recently.What are you doing these days
Bob：I am doing research on how to protect wildlife.
Lily：You have never done such research before，have you
Bob：Yes，this is the first time that I have done this.I have read some papers on this topic and also attended a lecture.
Lily：The lecture is very useful to your research，isn’t it
Bob：Yes，it is.It is also inspiring.
Lily：It inspires you to find more information about the topic，doesn’t it
Bob：Yes，it does.It gives me suggestions on finding more information.
2.Sam：Amy，there will be a film in the school hall tonight，won’t there
Amy：I’ve just heard about it.It is called A Brief History of Time，a film about Stephen Hawking.
Sam：It must be a great movie，isn’t it
Amy：I think so.Let’s watch it together，shall we/shan’t we
Sam：OK，we can meet in front of the school hall at about six，can’t we
Amy：OK，see you then!
Sam：See you！
1.附加疑問句由兩部分組成：前一部分是 句式，后一部分是 句式，兩者用逗號隔開。
2.附加疑問句一般是前肯定后 ，或者前否定后 。
3.附加疑問句又稱反意疑問句。附加疑問部分的句式是：_______________
＋主語，其中的主語必須用 。
陳述
疑問
肯定
返 回
助動詞/情態動
否定
詞/be動詞
代詞
語法精講
附加疑問句
一、含義
附加疑問句是附加在陳述句后的簡短問句，對陳述句所敘述的事實或觀點提出疑問。
二、構成
1.肯定陳述句＋否定附加疑問部分
You have already got our invitation，haven’t you？
你們已經收到了我們的請帖，是吧？
2.否定陳述句＋肯定附加疑問部分
You won’t be away for long，will you
你不會離開太久，是吧？
3.祈使句＋附加疑問部分
(1)肯定祈使句＋will you？(為了使祈使句聽起來更委婉、客氣，附加疑問部分還可以用would you，won’t you，can you，could you，can’t you等)
Have another cup of coffee，will you
再喝杯咖啡，好嗎？
(2)否定式祈使句＋will you
Don’t close the door，will you？別關門，好嗎？
(3)以Let’s開頭的祈使句，其附加疑問部分用“shall we”或“shan’t we”；以Let us/me開頭的祈使句，其附加疑問部分用“will you”。
Let’s go and listen to the music，shall we
我們去聽音樂，好嗎？
Let us wait in the reading room，will you
讓我們在閱覽室等，好嗎？
[即時訓練1]　完成下列附加疑問句
1.She wasn’t seriously injured in the car accident，
2.He has given up his goal，
3.Let’s go to the cinema together，
4.Don’t hike alone，
was she
hasn’t he
shall we/shan’t we
will you
三、附加疑問句的幾種特殊情況
特殊情況 例句
陳述部分有little，few，never，hardly，seldom，no，nothing，nobody，no one，none，neither等表示否定意義的詞時，其附加疑問部分用肯定結構。 He seldom contacts his family，does he？
特殊情況 例句
陳述部分含有由un-，im-，in-，dis- 等否定意義的前綴構成的詞語時，視為肯定含義，附加疑問部分用否定形式。 Your little son is unhappy，isn’t he？(不能用is he)
It is impossible to learn English well in that situation，isn’t it？(不能用is it)
陳述部分主語是this，that，these，those時，疑問部分主語用it或they。 These are credit cards，aren’t they？
特殊情況 例句
當陳述部分是there be句型時，其附加疑問部分中要用 there。 There was an old stadium in front of our school，wasn’t there？
陳述部分用“used to＋動詞原形”時，附加疑問部分用“didn’t＋主語”或“usedn’t＋主語”形式。 He used to live in the poor country，didn’t/usedn’t he？
若陳述部分是一個主從復合句，附加疑問部分一般要與主句一致。 He said the match was a failure，didn’t he？
感嘆句后加附加疑問句時，附加疑問部分需用be的一般現在時的否定形式。 What fine weather，isn’t it？
[溫馨提示]　當陳述部分是“I’m sure，I’m afraid，I think/suppose/expect/
imagine/believe等＋賓語從句”結構時，附加疑問部分一般與從句的主語和謂語一致，而且要注意陳述部分的否定轉移現象。
I don’t think he cheated in the match，did he
[即時訓練2]　完成下列附加疑問句
1.I don’t think it is a good novel，
2.What a wonderful picture，
3.He thought that he would stick to his dream，
4.She used to play soccer on the school playground on the weekend，

5.There is a computer on the desk，
6.This is a car，
7.Your coming was unnecessary，
8.I could hardly refuse，
is it
isn’t it
didn’t he
didn’t she/usedn’t she
isn’t there
isn’t it
wasn’t it
could I
四、回答
(1)當陳述部分為肯定式，附加疑問部分為否定式時，其回答一般不會造成困難，一般只需照實際情況回答即可。
(2)當陳述部分為否定式，附加疑問部分為肯定式時，要根據事實來回答，事實是肯定的用Yes；事實是否定的用No；此時的Yes譯為“不”，No譯為“是的”。
—He wants to go，doesn’t he
—No，he doesn’t.
——他想去，不是嗎？
——不，他不想去。
—You aren’t a student，are you
—Yes，I am.
——你不是學生，是嗎？
——不，我是。
返 回
達標檢測
1.He knows the athlete who has won four gold medals，
2.Taking notes carefully makes you learn better，
3.Alice，you wash the plates today，
4.You must have been there，
5.The economy of our country develops well，
6.He is not the man who gave us a lecture，
7.Don’t contact the guy addicted to drug，
8.It is the third time that he has been a champion，
Ⅰ.完成下列附加疑問句
doesn’t he
doesn’t it
will you
haven’t you
doesn’t it
is he
will you
isn’t it
1.評論這件事意義不大，不是嗎？
_______________________________________________________________
2.我相信下周五他會來派對的，對嗎？
_______________________________________________________________
3.他從沒告訴我們他是怎么受傷的，是不是？
_______________________________________________________________
4.你認為我們不會跑完這次馬拉松，是嗎？
_______________________________________________________________
Ⅱ.單句寫作
There is little point in commenting on it，is there
I believe that he will come to the party next Friday，won’t he
He never told us how he was injured，did he
You don’t think we can finish the marathon，do you
5.她告訴我們她完成了任務，是嗎？
_______________________________________________________________
6.郎平是一個意志非常堅定的人，不是嗎？
_______________________________________________________________
7.停止玩手機，給你兒子樹立個好榜樣，不行嗎？
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
8.這個交換生過去常常去漢語角，不是嗎？
_______________________________________________________________
返 回
She told us that she had finished the task，didn’t she
Lang Ping is a person with great determination，isn’t she
Stop playing on your cellphone and set a good example for your son，will/won’t you
This exchange student used to go to the Chinese corner，didn’t/usedn’t he
作業3
1.Few people are here，
2.Lucy would like an apple，
3.There is little bread in this plate，
4.Everything seems all right，
5.You must have told her about it，
6.Let’s go there by bus，
7.Don’t forget to give Polly some food and change her water，
8.No one can answer this question，
9.He must be tired，
10.I suppose you have finished your homework，
Ⅰ.用附加疑問句補全句子
are they
wouldn’t she
is there
doesn’t it
haven’t you
shall we/shan’t we
will you
can they/can he
isn’t he
haven’t you
The Old Cat
An old woman had a cat.The cat was very old；she could not run quickly,1. And she could not bite，because she was so old.One day the old cat saw a mouse and she jumped and caught the mouse.She could not bite it，so the mouse got out of her mouth and ran away.
Ⅱ.閱讀下面短文，運用本單元所學語法補全句子
could she
Then the old woman became very annoyed because the cat had not killed the mouse.She began to hit the cat.The cat said，“Do not hit your old servant,2. I have worked for you for many years,3. And I would work for you still，but I am too old.Do not be unkind to the old,4. But remember what good work the old did when they were young.”
will you
haven’t I
will you
A
(2025·河南高一上期中)
Being able to run 26.2 miles means you’re in good health，right Not exactly.We’ve already found some of the benefits of long-distance running，but now we’ll see the darker side of the marathon.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了馬拉松這項運動的負面影響，包括可能導致的健康問題和其他運動損傷。
Ⅲ.主題語篇閱讀
Marathoners who die in training or on the race course usually make headlines(頭條) because these tragedies(悲劇) seem so unusual—who could be in better health and less likely to die than a runner At the age of 52，Jim Fixx，a celebrated runner，died in 1984.In this condition，the walls of the arteries(動脈) become thickened，causing less blood to flow through them.In 2007,28-year-old Ryan Shay died while competing in the U.S.Olympic marathon trials.His death was caused by an irregular(不規則的) heartbeat.
It’s obvious that running influences the heart，but did you know running can increase the size of the heart Hearts can become bigger when an athlete is doing physical training.The body supplies the increased amount(數量) of blood needed by increasing the size of the organ.After that the hearts can lead to irregular heartbeat，which can lead to heart failure.
Some marathoners think their fitness level absolves them from health problems.This simply isn’t the case.Medical examinations can find the risk factors(因素) that kill and injure runners.There are ways to reduce your risk factors.Don’t think you can eat or drink whatever you want because running will burn off the calories—diets rich in fat can lead to heart problems.
In addition to these life-threatening aspects(威脅生命的方面) of the sport，there are other sports injuries to be known.Most of these are overuse or overtraining injuries that can be prevented by resting properly. While you should do the sport with caution(謹慎)，you should also have fun running.
1.Why were the examples of Jim Fixx and Ryan Shay given
A.To show the possible danger of the marathon.
B.To take pity on their death.
C.To tell the importance of regular exercise.
D.To call on people not to exercise by themselves.
√
推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“but now we’ll see the darker side of the marathon”和第二段內容可知，舉吉姆·菲克斯和瑞安·沙伊的例子是為了表明馬拉松可能存在的危險。故選A。
解析
2.How does the heart manage to provide the increased need of blood
A.By beating faster.
B.By enlarging itself.
C.By beating more heavily.
D.By working with other body parts.
√
細節理解題。根據第三段中的“Hearts can become bigger when an athlete is doing physical training.The body supplies the increased amount(數量) of blood needed by increasing the size of the organ.”可知，心臟通過擴大自身來滿足不斷增加的血液需求。故選B。
解析
3.What does the underlined word “absolves” in paragraph 4 mean
A.Shapes. B.Separates.
C.Frees. D.Advises.
√
詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞后文“them from health problems”以及“This simply isn’t the case.Medical examinations can find the risk factors(因素) that kill and injure runners.”可知，畫線詞所在句提出了相反的事實，說明一些馬拉松運動員錯誤地認為他們的健康水平使他們免受健康問題的困擾。故畫線詞意思是“使……免于”。故選C。
解析
4.What does the author suggest in the last paragraph
A.Having a rest after injuries.
B.Paying more attention to other injuries.
C.Stopping running completely.
D.Being careful and having fun running.
√
推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“While you should do the sport with caution(謹慎)，you should also have fun running.”可知，作者建議雖然應該謹慎對待(跑步)這項運動，但也應該享受跑步的樂趣。故選D。
解析
B(此篇精讀)
We have all heard those people who say “exercise addiction，” but for many of us，it is hard to really love exercise.Some might even say they hate it or fear it.Why do they hate exercise And how can they overcome this bad habit to get their bodies moving
語篇解讀　本文是一篇議論文。文章主要論述了人們討厭運動的問題并提供了解決該問題的建議。
Throughout most of human history，because of lack of food，being active was not a wise choice.As soon as our ancestors were well fed，they rested to save energy，because they did not know where their next meal was coming from.So if you have the urge to sit down rather than go to the gym，you might find comfort in the knowledge that humans have a natural tendency to stay still.
Having said that，a growing number of people in modern society have adopted a sedentary(慣于久坐不動的) lifestyle.Yet，remaining physically inactive is terrible for our health.It is recommended that adults aged 18 to 65 get at least 150 (preferably 300) minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity each week.If this sounds too difficult，here are some tips to help you get motivated.
According to psychologists，there are two kinds of motivation for engaging in any activity：intrinsic and extrinsic.Intrinsic motivation arises from within an individual，while extrinsic motivation relies on external factors.
Do you work out to pass physical fitness tests or for your own sake Having a clear picture in your mind of what you want to gain from doing exercise can help put your fitness programs into action.To boost your extrinsic motivation，try arranging to meet a friend to exercise together. You will be more likely to follow through because most people don’t want to let their friends down.Furthermore，reward yourself with a new piece of sports clothing or shoes that you hope to wear while working out.Be sure to make the reward conditional on doing a certain amount of exercise so that you have to earn it.
Whatever method you adopt，be patient with yourself and keep the long game in mind—it takes around three to four months to get into the habit of regular exercise.After that，the intrinsic motivators will take over to keep your exercise routine going.
5.What does the author want to show by mentioning our ancestors
A.Our ancestors actually liked exercise.
B.It’s important to get into the habit of working out.
C.It may do harm to our health if we work out too much.
D.It’s understandable that some people don’t want to do exercise.
√
細節理解題。根據第二段內容可知，作者提到我們的祖先就是為了說明人類有天生傾向于靜止的習性，也就是說，有些人不想運動是可以理解的，故選D。
解析
6.When should you reward yourself according to paragraph 5
A.The moment you decide to work out regularly.
B.After you have achieved a goal set by yourself before.
C.When you have saved enough money to buy something.
D.Before you start to make a long-term exercise plan.
√
細節理解題。根據第五段中的“Be sure to make the reward conditional on doing a certain amount of exercise so that you have to earn it.”可知，要完成一定運動量，也就是達到了自己設定的目標之后才能獎勵自己，故選B。
解析
7.What is the author’s attitude toward people who hate exercise
A.Positive. B.Indifferent.
C.Hateful. D.Objective.
√
觀點態度題。根據第一段中“Why do they hate exercise And how can they overcome this bad habit to get their bodies moving？”并通讀全文內容可知，作者對討厭運動的人表示理解，但也指出不運動會帶來危害，綜合可知，作者對討厭運動的人持客觀態度，故選D。
解析
8.What is the main purpose of this article
A.To tell the difference between two kinds of motivation.
B.To analyze the reason why people hate exercise.
C.To encourage people to do some exercise.
D.To solve the problem of people lacking motivation.
√
寫作意圖題。根據最后一段以及通讀全文內容可知，本文首先指出人們不愛運動這一問題，然后對運動的重要性做出解釋，最后就如何養成運動習慣提出了詳細建議。因此文章的主要目的是鼓勵人們做運動，故選C。
解析
1.lack of 缺乏
2.inactive(派)＝in＋active adj.不活躍的
3.motivate v.成為……的動機；激勵，激發→motivated adj.積極的；主動的→motivation n.動力；積極性；動機
4.engage in (使)從事；參與
5.furthermore(派)＝further＋more adv.此外，而且
6.reward vt.獎勵；獎賞；給以報酬 n.回報；獎勵；報酬
reward sb with sth用某物獎勵某人
詞匯積累
So if you have the urge to sit down rather than go to the gym，you might find comfort in the knowledge that humans have a natural tendency to stay still.
分析：此句為復合句。if引導條件狀語從句；that引導同位語從句，說明解釋knowledge的內容。
翻譯：所以，如果你有坐下來而不是去健身房的沖動，你可能會因為知道人類有一種天生喜歡靜止不動的自然傾向而感到安慰。
句式分析
(2025·浙江衢州六校聯盟高一上期中)
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner”.One reason was：“You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym，”
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了與伙伴一起健身的好處以及如何找到一個一起健身的伙伴。
Ⅳ.七選五閱讀
A.Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B.A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C.You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D.Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E.How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice
F.Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G.Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
√
while another read：“ 1 ” With a workout partner，you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle(微妙的) competition.
上文提到感謝健身伙伴的一個理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就會去健身”，再根據“while another read”可知，這里陳述另一個和別人一起健身的理由。所以C項“如果你和別人一起健身，你會更努力”符合語境。故選C。
解析
A.Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B.A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C.You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D.Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E.How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice
F.Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G.Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
√
So，how do you find a workout partner
First of all，decide what you want from that person. 2 Or do you just want to be physically fit，able to move with strength and flexibility(靈活性)？Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
根據下文“Or do you just want to be physically fit，able to move with strength and flexibility？”可知，空處與其并列，也應是一個疑問句，D項“你想在你最喜歡的運動項目上成為更好的運動員嗎？”符合語境。故選D。
解析
A.Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B.A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C.You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D.Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E.How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice
F.Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G.Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
√
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media，but it probably won’t result in a useful response. 3 If you plan on working out in a gym，that person must belong to the same gym.
根據下文“If you plan on working out in a gym，that person must belong to the same gym.”可知，B項“健身伙伴通常需要住在附近”符合語境，下文中的“that person”對應B項中的“A workout partner”。故選B。
解析
A.Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B.A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C.You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D.Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E.How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice
F.Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G.Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
√
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park.Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do，how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session，and her age.It also listed her favorite sports and activities，and provided her phone number. 4
空處位于段尾，應該是總結性的句子，上文列出了尋找健身伙伴的帖子所要包含的信息。所以G項“任何尋找健身伙伴的帖子都應包含這些信息”總結上文，符合語境。故選G。
解析
A.Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B.A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C.You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D.Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E.How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice
F.Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G.Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
√
You and your partner will probably have different skills. 5 Over time，both of you will benefit—your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit.The core(核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
根據上文“You and your partner will probably have different skills.”以及下文“Over time，both of you will benefit”可知，F項“接受你們的不同，學會彼此合作”符合語境。上文中的“different skills”對應F項中的“differences”。故選F。
解析
Ⅴ.語法填空
(2025·廣東中山高一上階段練習)
The Paris Olympics have turned the city’s famous landmarks into sports venues(場館)，
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了巴黎奧運會將著名地標轉變為體育場館，把歷史建筑和比賽相結合，創造出令人難忘的氛圍，并與北京奧運會場館的現代設計進行了對比。
1._________(create) a culture-defining backdrop(背景) for the exciting events. This combination(結合) of architecture and 2.___________(compete) has left people with unforgettable memories.
competition
1.考查非謂語動詞。句中已有謂語動詞have turned，空處需用非謂語動詞，邏輯主語The Paris olympics和create之間是主動關系，用現在分詞creating作結果狀語。故填creating。
2.考查名詞。根據空前的“architecture and”可知，空處需用名詞形式competition“競賽”與“architecture”并列，作介詞of的賓語，句中指的是“競賽”這一概念，用單數形式。故填competition。
解析
creating
One of the standout venues is the Esplanade des Invalides，3.______ large space outside the Hotel des Invalides that is hosting the archery(射箭) events.The hotel has a history dating back over 300 years，which originally served 4._____ a hospital for the wounded and retired soldiers.
a
3.考查冠詞。根據空后的“large space”可知，空處表泛指，需用不定冠詞表示“一個”，且large為輔音音素開頭的單詞。故填a。
4.考查介詞。serve as“充當；擔任”，為固定短語。故填as。
解析
as
Today，it includes history museums and monuments，as well as the tomb of Napoleon Bonaparte.Watching 5._________(athlete) draw their bows and release arrows 6.___________ fly through the air against the backdrop of the ancient buildings is a sight to behold(奇觀).
athletes
5.考查名詞復數。athlete“運動員”為可數名詞，由后文“draw their bows and release arrows”可知，不止一個運動員，應用復數形式。故填athletes。
6.考查定語從句。空處引導定語從句，修飾先行詞arrows，在從句中作主語，指物，故用關系代詞that或which引導。故填that/which。
解析
that/which
7._________(similar)，the shooting hall for the 2008 Beijing Olympics is a wonder of architectural design.The two-story venue features innovative (創新的) lighting，noise reduction and space design.Its outside surface 8.__________(cover) in brown，wood-like stripes(條紋).
Similarly
7.考查副詞。空處需用副詞形式similarly來修飾整個句子，作狀語，表示“同樣地”。位于句首，單詞首字母要大寫。故填Similarly。
8.考查動詞時態、語態和主謂一致。空處是句子的謂語動詞，陳述客觀事實用一般現在時；主語“Its outside surface”與謂語動詞cover“覆蓋”之間構成被動關系，應用一般現在時的被動語態；主語為單數名詞，故be動詞用is。故填is covered。
解析
is covered
As its architect from Tsinghua University said，the stripes represented a forest and were cleverly used 9.___________(provide) shade inside the venue.
to provide
考查非謂語動詞。be used to do sth“被用來做某事”，為固定用法。故填to provide。
解析
Sports venues both at Beijing and Paris Olympics show 10._______(they) uniqueness—a mixture of modernity and history，sport and culture.
their
考查代詞。此處修飾名詞uniqueness應用形容詞性物主代詞形式their，作定語。故填their。
解析
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