資源簡介

Period 3　Discovering Useful Structures
閱讀以下短文，感知加黑部分，并完成下面的練習(xí)
Tom was one of the engineers ①who came from Russia in the 1960s.When he came to India，the first thing ②that he did was to visit the factory ③which did research on buses.Then he used every minute ④that he could spare to help India to develop transportation.Although Tom was a foreigner ⑤whose life was full of ups and downs，he was still determined to contribute to India’s development.Tom was really a person ⑥whom we should respect.
1.加黑處①②③④⑤⑥均為定語從句；
2．加黑處①中的引導(dǎo)詞who在引導(dǎo)定語從句時指人，且在從句中作主語或賓語，在此句中作主語；
3．加黑處②④中的引導(dǎo)詞that在引導(dǎo)定語從句時既可以指人，也可以指物，且在從句中作主語或賓語，在這兩句中均作賓語；
4．加黑處③中的引導(dǎo)詞which在引導(dǎo)定語從句時只能指物，且在從句中作主語或賓語，在此句中作主語；
5．加黑處⑤中的引導(dǎo)詞whose在引導(dǎo)定語從句時，既可以指人，也可以指物，表示所屬關(guān)系，只能在從句中作定語；
6．加黑處⑥中的引導(dǎo)詞whom在引導(dǎo)定語從句時指人，且只能在從句中作賓語。
限制性定語從句(1)
一、基本概念
1．定義
在主從復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，連接先行詞和定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞，關(guān)系詞還在從句中充當(dāng)一定的句子成分。
2．分類
限制性定語從句 主句與從句不用逗號分開，從句不可省去
非限制性定語從句 主句與從句之間用逗號分開，從句起補(bǔ)充說明作用，如果省去從句，主句的意思仍然完整
I’d really like to find a friend who I can trust completely.(限制性定語從句)
我真的很想找一個可以完全信任的朋友。
The children，who were injured in a car accident，are being treated in the hospital now.(非限制性定語從句)
在車禍中受傷的孩子們現(xiàn)在正在醫(yī)院接受治療。
二、關(guān)系代詞的用法
關(guān)系代詞 指代功能 例句
who在從句中可作主語或賓語，作賓語時可省略 指人 The number of people who were killed in the disaster was over 100.(作主語)在這場災(zāi)難中喪生的人數(shù)超過100人。 He is the athlete (who) I met yesterday.(作賓語)他就是我昨天遇到的那個運(yùn)動員。
whom在從句中作賓語，可省略，此時也可用who代替 指人 The girl (who/whom) the soldier rescued yesterday is John’s sister.戰(zhàn)士昨天救的那個女孩是約翰的妹妹。 The man (who/whom) you spoke to just now is my captain.你剛才和他說話的那個人是我的隊長。
which在從句中作主語或賓語，作賓語時可省略 指物 Everywhere I saw，there were buildings which had been destroyed by the earthquake.(作主語)我所看到的每一處都有被地震摧毀的建筑物。 The gold medal (which) she won has been given to her old school.(作賓語)她贏得的金牌被送給了她的母校。
that在從句中作主語或賓語，作賓語時可省略 既指 人又 指物 Yesterday I read an article that was about natural disasters.(指物，作主語)昨天我讀了一篇關(guān)于自然災(zāi)害的文章。 The woman (that) I read about in the newspaper has just won a gold medal.(指人，作賓語)我在報紙上讀到的那個女人剛剛贏得了金牌。
whose在從句中修飾名詞作定語，相當(dāng)于所修飾成分的前置所有格 既指 人又 指物 This is the person whose story/the story of whom/of whom the story surprises everybody.(指人)這個人的故事使每個人都驚訝。 The classroom whose door/the door of which/of which the door is broken can hold 40 students.(指物)門壞了的那間教室能容納40名學(xué)生。 注意：whose＋名詞＝“the＋名詞＋of which/whom”或“of which/whom＋the＋名詞”。
[即時訓(xùn)練1]　單句語法填空/完成句子
1．We chose to live in a house whose window faced south.
2．I will rent a car that/which I can drive to my host family.
3．Do you know the man who/that is delivering a speech
4．The man that/whom/who I referred to just now is from America.
5．我讓叔叔給你帶去你之前要過的那幅中國畫。
I’ve asked my uncle to bring you the Chinese painting (that/which) you’ve asked for before.
6．他是我的朋友，總是幫助那些有困難的人。
He is my friend who/that always helps those in trouble.
三、注意事項
1．宜用that不用which的情況 (口訣：very/only/序/最高，人物/不定that好)
(1)當(dāng)先行詞是all，little，few，much，something，anything，everything，nothing，some等不定代詞或者被all，much，little，no等詞修飾時。
All that can be done has been done.
一切能做的都已經(jīng)做完了。
(2)當(dāng)先行詞被the only，the very等修飾時。
Music is the only thing that interests me.
音樂是唯一令我感興趣的東西。
(3)當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級或被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級修飾時。
This is the most shocking news that I have ever heard.這是我曾經(jīng)聽過的最令人震驚的消息。
(4)當(dāng)先行詞中既有人又有物時。
She described in her composition the people and places that impressed her most.她在作文中描述了令她印象最深刻的一些人和地方。
2．宜用which不用that的情況
(1)關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時。
The house in which I used to live became ruins in the big fire.
我過去住的房子在大火中變成一片廢墟。
(2)在非限制性定語從句中。
The traveller saw many buildings along the way，which were quite different from those in his hometown.
這個旅行者沿途看到了許多的建筑物，這些建筑物和他家鄉(xiāng)的很不一樣。
3．宜用who不用that的情況
(1)當(dāng)先行詞是I，you，he，they等人稱代詞或指人的不定代詞，如one，ones，anyone時。
Anyone who does that must be mad.
誰那樣做都一定是瘋了。
He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.不到長城非好漢。
(2)當(dāng)先行詞為指人的those時。
Those who have good manners will be highly respected.那些有禮貌的人會備受尊重。
4．定語從句的謂語動詞的形式
(1)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，定語從句的謂語動詞要和先行詞的數(shù)保持一致。
(2)“one of＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作先行詞，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；在肯定句中，“the only one of＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作先行詞，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。
The suitcase that/which lies on the ground is hers.放在地上的那個手提箱是她的。
This is one of the books which were written by Charles Dickens.
這是查爾斯·狄更斯所寫的書中的一本。
He is the only one of the boys in our class who has learned French.他是我們班男生中唯一學(xué)過法語的。
[即時訓(xùn)練2]　單句語法填空
1．I will do everything that I can to help you solve the problem.
2．The boy and the dog that are described in the picture are rather lovely.
3．Those who like this after-class activity can sign up for it.
4．He is the only one of the persons in our family who is(be) a college student.
5．This is the best film that I have seen over the last two years.
Ⅰ.在空格處填入合適的關(guān)系代詞
1．We decided not to buy the flat whose door was damaged by the hurricane.
2．You’ll find taxis that/which you can hire to reach your destination.
3．I’d like to express my appreciation to the rescue workers to whom I have turned.
4．The research finds that people who/that keep fit are more likely to be positive about life.
5．All the things that he saw in the earthquake came as a shock to me.
6．Recently I bought an English dictionary，the price of which was very reasonable.
7．At the party we talked about the people and schools that we visited last month.
8．My necklace is not the only thing that is missing.
Ⅱ.完成下列語段，盡可能地運(yùn)用定語從句
這個年輕人是位殘障人士，他的雙腿都沒了。我不能相信我看到的一切，不知道如何緩解我的尷尬。這個年輕人解釋道：“三年前我去看望生病的父母時在一場車禍中失去了雙腿。”
The young man was a disabled person 1.whose legs were gone.I couldn’t believe anything 2.(that) I saw and didn’t know how to ease my embarrassment.The young man explained，“I lost both of my legs in a car accident three years ago when I went to visit my parents 3.who/that were ill.”
作業(yè)3
[分值：77.5分]
Ⅰ.用定語從句合并句子(共6小題；每題3分，滿分18分)
1．Last week Mary wore the dress.I gave it to her.
→Last week Mary wore the dress (that/which) I gave to her.
2．The girl is from America.Her father is a teacher.
→The girl whose father is a teacher is from America.
3．The room is mine.Its walls are painted pink.
→The room whose walls/the walls of which/of which the walls are painted pink is mine.
4．Do you know the man？The man spoke to the headmaster just now.
→Do you know the man who/that spoke to the headmaster just now
5．The woman is my mother.You are looking after her.
→The woman (that/who/whom) you are looking after is my mother.
6．My grandparents live in a house.The house is more than 100 years old.
→My grandparents live in a house which/that is more than 100 years old.
Ⅱ.閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入合適的關(guān)系代詞(共8小題；每題1.5分，滿分12分)
The China International Search and Rescue Team(CISAR) was formed in 2001 and is now made up of several hundred rescue workers and about 20 sniffer dogs.The team brings help and hope to those 1.whose lives are changed by a storm，flood，or any other natural disaster.
After long and careful training，the team went on its first international missions 2.that happened in Algeria(阿爾及利亞) and Iran(伊朗)．It was the first time that a Chinese team had worked outside China，and the team won high praise for their bravery and skill.
Since then，the CISAR has completed many missions 3.which/that the machines can not finish.The list of people to 4.whom help has been given is long.The team treated more than 3,000 people injured in the 2006 earthquake in Indonesia，helped about 2,500 wounded people after the earthquake 5.that/which hit Haiti(海地) in 2010，and spent several months giving aid to over 25,000 victims of the 2010 floods in Pakistan(巴基斯坦)．
Rescue workers are trained and they need to help people 6.who/that are in need.They have to be able to do difficult work under conditions 7.which/that can be very dangerous.It takes a lot of love and courage to risk one’s own life to save someone else’s.The members of the CISAR 8.who/that have plenty of both are always ready to save people.
Ⅲ.主題語篇閱讀(共8小題；每題2.5分，滿分20分)
A
(2025·山西高一上期中)
Last September，a strange seismic signal(地震信號)，lasting more than a week，attracted the attention of researchers around the world.It took 68 experts from 15 countries to discover the cause of the “USO”—Unidentified Seismic Object.
The term USO is used informally by scientists for unusual seismic signals that can’t be explained，according to Kristian Svennevig，the lead author of a new report on this signal.From the start，scientists agreed this signal was not from an earthquake.
Svennevig compared earthquakes to hitting piano keys with force，creating a mix of sounds that disappeared quickly.However，the unusual signal was like a single piano key producing a clear sound that lasted for nine days.
Researchers tracked the signal to a huge snowslide in eastern Greenland’s Dickson fjord(峽灣)，which was formed by melting(融化) ice due to climate change.Some 1.2 kilometers above the fjord，a mountaintop fell，driving more than 25 million cubic meters of rock and ice into the water—enough to fill 10,000 Olympic-sized swimming pools.
The resulting tsunami reached a height of 200 meters.The wave’s energy was caught in the rocky fjord，causing the water to move back and forth.This movement created the seismic signal.
Svennevig noted that understanding this event took time.Even when they had ideas about what happened，they needed more information and improved models to support their findings.“We could only show that the tsunami was caught and kept moving inside the fjord for nine days after we used special army maps and improved our tsunami models，” Svennevig explained.
To the researchers，the signal served as a wakeup call—similar events may happen with landfalls in other fjords or lakes due to climate change，which could lead to more landfalls and tsunamis in the Arctic.Understanding this event helps scientists learn more about how the Earth is changing due to global warming.There is still much to discover as we face the effects of climate change.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹的是受氣候變化影響，格陵蘭島東部迪克森峽灣的一次巨大雪崩產(chǎn)生了持續(xù)時長達(dá)九天的地震信號，對這一事件的理解能幫助科學(xué)家了解更多關(guān)于全球變暖對地球的影響。
1．Why did Svennevig mention piano keys
A．To explain the strange signal.
B．To introduce a musical instrument.
C．To compare the sounds in nature.
D．To give tips on playing the piano.
答案　A
解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Svennevig compared earthquakes to hitting piano keys with force，creating a mix of sounds that disappeared quickly.However，the unusual signal was like a single piano key producing a clear sound that lasted for nine days.”可知，Svennevig提到鋼琴琴鍵是為了解釋這個奇怪的信號。故選A。
2．What caused the seismic signal
A．A wildfire. B．A snowslide.
C．A heavy rain. D．An earthquake.
答案　B
解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Researchers tracked the signal to a huge snowslide in eastern Greenland’s Dickson fjord(峽灣)，which was formed by melting(融化) ice due to climate change.”以及第五段內(nèi)容可知，格陵蘭島東部迪克森峽灣的一場巨大雪崩引發(fā)了這種異常的地震信號。故選B。
3．What can we know from Svennevig’s words
A．It’ll take much time to receive the seismic signal.
B．It’s slow for scientists to find an answer to the event.
C．A group of scientists was caught in the deadly tsunami.
D．The recent finding will go public soon.
答案　B
解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Svennevig noted that understanding this event took time.Even when they had ideas about what happened，they needed more information and improved models to support their findings.”可知，理解這一事件需要時間，科學(xué)家們需要更多的信息和改進(jìn)的模型來支持他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)，由此可推斷，科學(xué)家們要找到這一事件的答案很耗時。故選B。
4．What does the author stress in the text
A．Landfalls always happen along with tsunamis.
B．Scientists should keep an open mind on opinions.
C．This event may shape our view on various cultures.
D．The signal gives us fair warning of climate change.
答案　D
解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“To the researchers，the signal served as a wakeup call...Understanding this event helps scientists learn more about how the Earth is changing due to global warming.There is still much to discover as we face the effects of climate change.”可知，作者強(qiáng)調(diào)，這一信號為我們提供了氣候變化的警告。故選D。
B(此篇精讀)
(2025·山東臨沂高一上期末)
British fire-fighters are fighting against the worst wildfire they have seen.They called it a “mega-fire”．Eight different fires combined(聯(lián)合) an hour’s drive north of London.
Professor Blair，an environmental research expert at the University of London，said that the wildfires mainly resulted from a combination of drought，high temperatures，and strong winds.Climate change had also been identified as a contributing factor，with Britain growing hotter and hotter，drier and drier in recent years.
The number of wildfires was well above the long-term average in 2023，continuing a trend in place since 2022.Several destructive fires occurred in 2024.Seventy-five large fires，covering at least six hectares(公頃)，were recorded，according to analysis of data going back to 2008 by the London School of Economics(LSE)．In 2018,17 large fires were recorded.This increased to 74 in 2020，then 97 in 2021 and 138 a year later.Separate numbers got by Lord Botham，the former England cricketer，show a relevant increase in carbon dioxide emissions(二氧化碳排放) from wildfires from 294,000 tons in 2019 to 1,363,000 tons in 2023.
“While once there would be a big fire year every few years，now it is becoming yearly，” Dr Botham，another professor in environmental geography，told the reporter.“We need to be prepared for more flammable landscapes.This preparation has already started.Professional wildfire teams have been appointed in fire and rescue services up and down the country.”
He added that firefighters in Britain were learning from those in Spain，South Africa and the US，which “currently face a fire risk that we might see in the coming decades”．
Although the recent ban(禁令) on single-use barbecues in parts of Dorset and Hampshire would help，the limitations should extend to sky lanterns and fireworks(煙花)．
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了英國正面臨嚴(yán)重野火，分析了其成因、危害及應(yīng)對舉措，強(qiáng)調(diào)問題嚴(yán)峻性與應(yīng)對必要性。
5．What caused the fires according to Professor Blair
A．Hot weather and heavy rainfall.
B．High temperatures and wet weather.
C．Extreme weather and climate change.
D．Strong winds and increasing pressure.
答案　C
解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Professor Blair...said that the wildfires mainly resulted from a combination of drought，high temperatures，and strong winds.Climate change had also been identified as a contributing factor”可知，火災(zāi)是由極端天氣(干旱、高溫、強(qiáng)風(fēng))和氣候變化導(dǎo)致的。故選C。
6．How does the author tell the terrible results caused by wildfires
A．By giving examples.
B．By listing numbers.
C．By asking questions.
D．By interviewing experts.
答案　B
解析　寫作手法題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，作者通過列舉不同年份火災(zāi)的數(shù)量以及二氧化碳排放量的變化數(shù)據(jù)，來說明野火造成的可怕后果。故選B。
7．What can we infer from Dr Botham’s statements
A．Wildfires happened yearly in the past.
B．Continual wildfires led to full preparations.
C．Firefighters in Britain are better trained than those in Spain.
D．Professional wildfire teams will join fire and rescue services.
答案　B
解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“While once there would be a big fire year every few years，now it is becoming yearly...We need to be prepared for more flammable landscapes.This preparation has already started.”可知，由于野火不斷發(fā)生，所以人們開始進(jìn)行充分的準(zhǔn)備。故選B。
8．What does the underlined word “extend” in the last paragraph mean
A．Enlarge. B．Experiment.
C．Relate. D．Explore.
答案　A
解析　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段中“to sky lanterns and fireworks”可知，這里指應(yīng)該將禁令的限制范圍擴(kuò)大到孔明燈和煙花，推測extend表示“擴(kuò)大”的意思，與enlarge意思相近。故選A。
[詞匯積累] 1．drive(轉(zhuǎn)) v．→n.駕車路程；驅(qū)車旅行 2．result from由……引起 3．contributing(派)＝contribute＋ing adj.起作用的 4．single-use(合)＝single＋use adj.一次性的 [句式分析] He added that firefighters in Britain were learning from those in Spain，South Africa and the US，which “currently face a fire risk that we might see in the coming decades”． 分析：此句為復(fù)合句。第一個that引導(dǎo)賓語從句；which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾Spain，South Africa and the US；第二個that引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，修飾a fire risk。 翻譯：他補(bǔ)充說，英國的消防員正在向西班牙、南非和美國的消防員學(xué)習(xí)，這些國家“目前面臨著我們可能在未來幾十年也會遇到的火災(zāi)風(fēng)險”。
Ⅳ.七選五閱讀(共5小題；每題2.5分，滿分12.5分)
A flood can develop slowly over time or rapidly，as in the case of flash floods which can develop in just a few minutes and without signs of rain.Check the following flood safety rules to help stay safe.
1 This is the first thing that a person should do.It is unwise to just depend on history to decide whether your area is at risk of flooding.
Create an evacuation plan in case you have to evacuate your home.Pay attention to the safe areas you can go to.Prepare food kits for natural disasters that you can easily take with you if you have to leave your house. 2
If there is a possibility of a flash flood，leave your home and move to higher ground at once.Do not wait for instructions to move.Evacuation may also cause a shortage(短缺) in the food supply. 3 To survive，one must depend on food storage.
While evacuating，avoid walking through moving water.Even six inches of moving water can make you fall.If you have to walk in water，walk where the water is not moving. 4
Do not drive into flooded areas.If floodwaters rise around your car，abandon(舍棄) the car and move to higher ground，when water is not moving or not more than a few inches deep. 5 If your car is trapped in rapidly moving water，stay in the car.If the water is rising inside the car，move on to the roof(頂部)．
A．They don’t know where to look for shelter.
B．You and the car can be swept away quickly.
C．Use a stick to check the ground in front of you.
D．Be aware if the area you’re at is at risk of a flood.
E．There is no telling when another flood may happen.
F．It would help to store food for emergency situations.
G．During these conditions，hunger becomes a very real problem.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在洪水來臨之前應(yīng)如何做好準(zhǔn)備以及洪水到來時應(yīng)如何自救。
1．答案　D
解析　根據(jù)后文的“This is the first thing that a person should do.It is unwise to just depend on history to decide...”并結(jié)合常識可知，D項“注意你所在的地區(qū)是否有發(fā)生洪水的風(fēng)險”符合語境，This指的就是D項所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容，且“whether your area is at risk of flooding”與D項的“if the area you’re at is at risk of a flood”呼應(yīng)。故選D。
2．答案　F
解析　根據(jù)前文的“Prepare food kits for natural disasters that you can easily take with you if you have to leave your house.”可知，F(xiàn)項承接上文，指出儲存食物有助于應(yīng)對突發(fā)情況。故選F。
3．答案　G
解析　根據(jù)前文的“Evacuation may also cause a shortage(短缺) in the food supply.”和下文的“To survive，one must depend on food storage.”可知，G項與上文為因果關(guān)系，說明了疏散帶來的食物不足會導(dǎo)致饑餓的發(fā)生，下文針對“饑餓”提出了儲存食物的必要性。故選G。
4．答案　C
解析　根據(jù)前文的“Even six inches of moving water can make you fall.If you have to walk in water，walk where the water is not moving.”可知，C項承接上文，進(jìn)一步指出如何在水中安全地前進(jìn)。故選C。
5．答案　B
解析　根據(jù)前文的“Do not drive into flooded areas.If floodwaters rise around your car，abandon(舍棄) the car and move to higher ground，when water is not moving or not more than a few inches deep.”和后文的“If your car is trapped in rapidly moving water，stay in the car.If the water is rising inside the car，move on to the roof(頂部)．”可知，B項承接上文，說明如果車周圍的洪水上升時，要在水不流動時丟下車，前往地勢較高的地方的原因是你和你的車可能會被迅速沖走。故選B。
Ⅴ.語法填空(共10小題；每題1.5分，滿分15分)
(2025·山東百師聯(lián)考高一上期中)
In Pingle village of Luoyang City，Henan Province，farmers bring in an income of over 100 million yuan every year by painting peonies(牡丹花) in 1. (they) spare time.The farmers’ artworks describe the graceful nature of peony flowers and sell well both at home and abroad.
In 1983，2. (know) as “the city of peonies”，Luoyang 3.____________ (official) held its first peony festival.During the festival，Guo Tai’an，4. was a villager of Pingle village，painted a peony picture.5. his surprise，the painting won wide praise，and some people even asked to buy it.Because of the experience，Guo started to teach villagers 6. (paint) peony flowers，and established the first academy(學(xué)院) of fine arts in the village.He had seen the 7. (grow) number of painters in his village in the past years.
In 2011，China Pingle Peony Drawing Culture Creative Industry Park 8. (build) in the village.The park has been considered as a national 3A tourist attraction.It receives tourist groups and 9. (visitor) from home and abroad，and sees more than 300,000 visits a year.
Nowadays，local villagers run more than 150 online shops selling paintings on a popular China’s e-commerce platform(電子商務(wù)平臺)．They have also set up 10. team for the promotion of peony paintings through live-streaming.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了河南洛陽的平樂村農(nóng)民通過畫牡丹致富的過程。
1．答案　their
解析　考查代詞。空處作定語，修飾名詞短語“spare time”，故應(yīng)用形容詞性的物主代詞。故填their。
2．答案　known
解析　考查過去分詞。根據(jù)句中謂語動詞held可知，空處應(yīng)用動詞know的非謂語動詞形式，know與Luoyang之間為被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞，作狀語。故填known。
3．答案　officially
解析　考查副詞。空處應(yīng)用副詞，修飾動詞held，作狀語。故填officially。
4．答案　who
解析　考查定語從句。空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞Guo Tai’an，指人，且在從句中作主語，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who。故填who。
5．答案　To
解析　考查介詞。介詞短語to one’s surprise表示“令某人驚訝的是”，句首單詞的首字母大寫。故填To。
6．答案　to paint
解析　考查不定式。teach sb to do sth表示“教某人做某事”，為固定搭配。故填to paint。
7．答案　growing
解析　考查形容詞。空處應(yīng)用形容詞，修飾名詞number，作定語。故填growing。
8．答案　was built
解析　考查動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。空處為謂語動詞，根據(jù)時間狀語“In 2011”可知，時態(tài)為一般過去時，動詞build與主語“China Pingle Peony Drawing Culture Creative Industry Park”之間為被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，且主語為單數(shù)名詞短語，謂語也應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。故填was built。
9．答案　visitors
解析　考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。空處與“tourist groups”并列作賓語，應(yīng)用名詞；visitor表示“游客”，為可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)，表示泛指。故填visitors。
10．答案　a
解析　考查冠詞。空處修飾名詞team(以輔音音素開頭)，表示成立了“一個”團(tuán)隊，為泛指，故應(yīng)用不定冠詞a。故填a。(共70張PPT)
Period 3
Discovering Useful Structures
Natural disasters
Unit 4
內(nèi)容索引
情境導(dǎo)讀
語法精講
達(dá)標(biāo)檢測
作業(yè)3
情境導(dǎo)讀
閱讀以下短文，感知加顏色部分，并完成下面的練習(xí)
Tom was one of the engineers ①who came from Russia in the 1960s. When he came to India，the first thing ②that he did was to visit the factory ③which did research on buses.Then he used every minute ④that he could spare to help India to develop transportation.Although Tom was a foreigner ⑤whose life was full of ups and downs，he was still determined to contribute to India’s development.Tom was really a person ⑥whom we should respect.
1.加顏色處①②③④⑤⑥均為 從句；
定語
2.加顏色處①中的引導(dǎo)詞who在引導(dǎo)定語從句時指人，且在從句中作_______
或 ，在此句中作 ；
3.加顏色處②④中的引導(dǎo)詞that在引導(dǎo)定語從句時既可以指人，也可以指物，且在從句中作 或 ，在這兩句中均作 ；
4.加顏色處③中的引導(dǎo)詞which在引導(dǎo)定語從句時只能指物，且在從句中作
或 ，在此句中作 ；
5.加顏色處⑤中的引導(dǎo)詞whose在引導(dǎo)定語從句時，既可以指人，也可以指物，表示所屬關(guān)系，只能在從句中作 ；
6.加顏色處⑥中的引導(dǎo)詞whom在引導(dǎo)定語從句時指人，且只能在從句中作
。
主語
賓語
主語
主語
賓語
賓語
主語
賓語
主語
定語
賓語
返 回
語法精講
限制性定語從句(1)
一、基本概念
1.定義
在主從復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，連接先行詞和定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞，關(guān)系詞還在從句中充當(dāng)一定的句子成分。
2.分類
限制性定語從句 主句與從句不用逗號分開，從句不可省去
非限制性定語從句 主句與從句之間用逗號分開，從句起補(bǔ)充說明作用，如果省去從句，主句的意思仍然完整
I’d really like to find a friend who I can trust completely.(限制性定語從句)
我真的很想找一個可以完全信任的朋友。
The children，who were injured in a car accident，are being treated in the hospital now.(非限制性定語從句)
在車禍中受傷的孩子們現(xiàn)在正在醫(yī)院接受治療。
二、關(guān)系代詞的用法
關(guān)系代詞 指代功能 例句
who在從句中可作主語或賓語，作賓語時可省略 指人 The number of people who were killed in the disaster was over 100.(作主語)在這場災(zāi)難中喪生的人數(shù)超過100人。
He is the athlete (who) I met yesterday.(作賓語)他就是我昨天遇到的那個運(yùn)動員。
關(guān)系代詞 指代功能 例句
whom在從句中作賓語，可省略，此時也可用who代替 指人 The girl (who/whom) the soldier rescued yesterday is John’s sister.戰(zhàn)士昨天救的那個女孩是約翰的妹妹。
The man (who/whom) you spoke to just now is my captain.你剛才和他說話的那個人是我的隊長。
關(guān)系代詞 指代功能 例句
which在從句中作主語或賓語，作賓語時可省略 指物 Everywhere I saw，there were buildings which had been destroyed by the earthquake.
(作主語)我所看到的每一處都有被地震摧毀的建筑物。
The gold medal (which) she won has been given to her old school.(作賓語)她贏得的金牌被送給了她的母校。
關(guān)系代詞 指代功能 例句
that在從句中作主語或賓語，作賓語時可省略 既指人 又指物 Yesterday I read an article that was about natural disasters.(指物，作主語)昨天我讀了一篇關(guān)于自然災(zāi)害的文章。
The woman (that) I read about in the newspaper
has just won a gold medal.(指人，作賓語)我在報紙上讀到的那個女人剛剛贏得了金牌。
關(guān)系代詞 指代功能 例句
whose在從句中修飾名詞作定語，相當(dāng)于所修飾成分的前置所有格 既指人 又指物 This is the person whose story/the story of whom/of whom the story surprises everybody.
(指人)這個人的故事使每個人都驚訝。
The classroom whose door/the door of which/of which the door is broken can hold 40 students.
(指物)門壞了的那間教室能容納40名學(xué)生。
注意：whose＋名詞＝“the＋名詞＋of which/
whom”或“of which/whom＋the＋名詞”。
[即時訓(xùn)練1]　單句語法填空/完成句子
1.We chose to live in a house window faced south.
2.I will rent a car I can drive to my host family.
3.Do you know the man is delivering a speech
4.The man I referred to just now is from America.
5.我讓叔叔給你帶去你之前要過的那幅中國畫。
I’ve asked my uncle to bring you the Chinese painting ________________
.
6.他是我的朋友，總是幫助那些有困難的人。
He is my friend .
whose
that/which
who/that
that/whom/who
(that/which)
you’ve asked for before
who/that always helps those in trouble
三、注意事項
1.宜用that不用which的情況 (口訣：very/only/序/最高，人物/不定that好)
(1)當(dāng)先行詞是all，little，few，much，something，anything，everything，nothing，some等不定代詞或者被all，much，little，no等詞修飾時。
All that can be done has been done.
一切能做的都已經(jīng)做完了。
(2)當(dāng)先行詞被the only，the very等修飾時。
Music is the only thing that interests me.
音樂是唯一令我感興趣的東西。
(3)當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級或被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級修飾時。
This is the most shocking news that I have ever heard.
這是我曾經(jīng)聽過的最令人震驚的消息。
(4)當(dāng)先行詞中既有人又有物時。
She described in her composition the people and places that impressed her most.她在作文中描述了令她印象最深刻的一些人和地方。
2.宜用which不用that的情況
(1)關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時。
The house in which I used to live became ruins in the big fire.
我過去住的房子在大火中變成一片廢墟。
(2)在非限制性定語從句中。
The traveller saw many buildings along the way，which were quite different from those in his hometown.
這個旅行者沿途看到了許多的建筑物，這些建筑物和他家鄉(xiāng)的很不一樣。
3.宜用who不用that的情況
(1)當(dāng)先行詞是I，you，he，they等人稱代詞或指人的不定代詞，如one，ones，anyone時。
Anyone who does that must be mad.
誰那樣做都一定是瘋了。
He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
不到長城非好漢。
(2)當(dāng)先行詞為指人的those時。
Those who have good manners will be highly respected.
那些有禮貌的人會備受尊重。
4.定語從句的謂語動詞的形式
(1)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，定語從句的謂語動詞要和先行詞的數(shù)保持一致。
(2)“one of＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作先行詞，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；在肯定句中，“the only one of＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作先行詞，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。
The suitcase that/which lies on the ground is hers.放在地上的那個手提箱是她的。
This is one of the books which were written by Charles Dickens.
這是查爾斯·狄更斯所寫的書中的一本。
He is the only one of the boys in our class who has learned French.
他是我們班男生中唯一學(xué)過法語的。
[即時訓(xùn)練2]　單句語法填空
1.I will do everything I can to help you solve the problem.
2.The boy and the dog are described in the picture are rather lovely.
3.Those like this after-class activity can sign up for it.
4.He is the only one of the persons in our family who (be) a college student.
5.This is the best film I have seen over the last two years.
返 回
that
that
who
is
that
達(dá)標(biāo)檢測
1.We decided not to buy the flat door was damaged by the hurricane.
2.You’ll find taxis you can hire to reach your destination.
3.I’d like to express my appreciation to the rescue workers to I have turned.
4.The research finds that people keep fit are more likely to be positive about life.
5.All the things he saw in the earthquake came as a shock to me.
Ⅰ.在空格處填入合適的關(guān)系代詞
whose
that/which
whom
who/that
that
6.Recently I bought an English dictionary，the price of was very reasonable.
7.At the party we talked about the people and schools we visited last month.
8.My necklace is not the only thing is missing.
which
that
that
這個年輕人是位殘障人士，他的雙腿都沒了。我不能相信我看到的一切，不知道如何緩解我的尷尬。這個年輕人解釋道：“三年前我去看望生病的父母時在一場車禍中失去了雙腿。”
The young man was a disabled person 1. .I couldn’t believe anything 2. and didn’t know how to ease my embarrassment.The young man explained，“I lost both of my legs in a car accident three years ago when I went to visit my parents 3.__________
.”
Ⅱ.完成下列語段，盡可能地運(yùn)用定語從句
返 回
whose legs were gone
(that) I saw
who/that
were ill
作業(yè)3
1.Last week Mary wore the dress.I gave it to her.
→Last week Mary wore the dress .
2.The girl is from America.Her father is a teacher.
→The girl is from America.
3.The room is mine.Its walls are painted pink.
→The room ____________________________________________________
is mine.
4.Do you know the man？The man spoke to the headmaster just now.
→Do you know the man
Ⅰ.用定語從句合并句子
(that/which) I gave to her
whose father is a teacher
whose walls/the walls of which/of which the walls are painted
pink
who/that spoke to the headmaster just now
5.The woman is my mother.You are looking after her.
→The woman is my mother.
6.My grandparents live in a house.The house is more than 100 years old.
→My grandparents live in a house .
(that/who/whom) you are looking after
which/that is more than 100 years old
The China International Search and Rescue Team(CISAR) was formed in 2001 and is now made up of several hundred rescue workers and about 20 sniffer dogs.The team brings help and hope to those 1._______
lives are changed by a storm，flood，or any other natural disaster.
After long and careful training，the team went on its first international missions 2. happened in Algeria(阿爾及利亞) and Iran(伊朗).It was the first time that a Chinese team had worked outside China，and the team won high praise for their bravery and skill.
Ⅱ.閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入合適的關(guān)系代詞
whose
that
Since then，the CISAR has completed many missions 3.___________
the machines can not finish.The list of people to 4. help has been given is long.The team treated more than 3,000 people injured in the 2006 earthquake in Indonesia，helped about 2,500 wounded people after the earthquake 5. hit Haiti(海地) in 2010，and spent several months giving aid to over 25,000 victims of the 2010 floods in Pakistan(巴基斯坦).
which/that
whom
that/which
Rescue workers are trained and they need to help people 6.___________
are in need.They have to be able to do difficult work under conditions
7. can be very dangerous.It takes a lot of love and courage to risk one’s own life to save someone else’s.The members of the CISAR
8. have plenty of both are always ready to save people.
who/that
which/that
who/that
A
(2025·山西高一上期中)
Last September，a strange seismic signal(地震信號)，lasting more than a week，attracted the attention of researchers around the world.It took 68 experts from 15 countries to discover the cause of the “USO”—Unidentified Seismic Object.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹的是受氣候變化影響，格陵蘭島東部迪克森峽灣的一次巨大雪崩產(chǎn)生了持續(xù)時長達(dá)九天的地震信號，對這一事件的理解能幫助科學(xué)家了解更多關(guān)于全球變暖對地球的影響。
Ⅲ.主題語篇閱讀
The term USO is used informally by scientists for unusual seismic signals that can’t be explained，according to Kristian Svennevig，the lead author of a new report on this signal.From the start，scientists agreed this signal was not from an earthquake.
Svennevig compared earthquakes to hitting piano keys with force，creating a mix of sounds that disappeared quickly.However，the unusual signal was like a single piano key producing a clear sound that lasted for nine days.
Researchers tracked the signal to a huge snowslide in eastern Greenland’s Dickson fjord(峽灣)，which was formed by melting(融化) ice due to climate change.Some 1.2 kilometers above the fjord，a mountaintop fell，driving more than 25 million cubic meters of rock and ice into the water—enough to fill 10,000 Olympic-sized swimming pools.
The resulting tsunami reached a height of 200 meters.The wave’s energy was caught in the rocky fjord，causing the water to move back and forth.This movement created the seismic signal.
Svennevig noted that understanding this event took time.Even when they had ideas about what happened，they needed more information and improved models to support their findings.“We could only show that the tsunami was caught and kept moving inside the fjord for nine days after we used special army maps and improved our tsunami models，” Svennevig explained.
To the researchers，the signal served as a wakeup call—similar events may happen with landfalls in other fjords or lakes due to climate change，which could lead to more landfalls and tsunamis in the Arctic. Understanding this event helps scientists learn more about how the Earth is changing due to global warming.There is still much to discover as we face the effects of climate change.
1.Why did Svennevig mention piano keys
A.To explain the strange signal.
B.To introduce a musical instrument.
C.To compare the sounds in nature.
D.To give tips on playing the piano.
√
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Svennevig compared earthquakes to hitting piano keys with force，creating a mix of sounds that disappeared quickly.However，the unusual signal was like a single piano key producing a clear sound that lasted for nine days.”可知，Svennevig提到鋼琴琴鍵是為了解釋這個奇怪的信號。故選A。
解析
2.What caused the seismic signal
A.A wildfire. B.A snowslide.
C.A heavy rain. D.An earthquake.
√
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Researchers tracked the signal to a huge snowslide in eastern Greenland’s Dickson fjord(峽灣)，which was formed by melting(融化) ice due to climate change.”以及第五段內(nèi)容可知，格陵蘭島東部迪克森峽灣的一場巨大雪崩引發(fā)了這種異常的地震信號。故選B。
解析
3.What can we know from Svennevig’s words
A.It’ll take much time to receive the seismic signal.
B.It’s slow for scientists to find an answer to the event.
C.A group of scientists was caught in the deadly tsunami.
D.The recent finding will go public soon.
√
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Svennevig noted that understanding this event took time.Even when they had ideas about what happened，they needed more information and improved models to support their findings.”可知，理解這一事件需要時間，科學(xué)家們需要更多的信息和改進(jìn)的模型來支持他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)，由此可推斷，科學(xué)家們要找到這一事件的答案很耗時。故選B。
解析
4.What does the author stress in the text
A.Landfalls always happen along with tsunamis.
B.Scientists should keep an open mind on opinions.
C.This event may shape our view on various cultures.
D.The signal gives us fair warning of climate change.
√
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“To the researchers，the signal served as a wakeup call...Understanding this event helps scientists learn more about how the Earth is changing due to global warming.There is still much to discover as we face the effects of climate change.”可知，作者強(qiáng)調(diào)，這一信號為我們提供了氣候變化的警告。故選D。
解析
B(此篇精讀)
(2025·山東臨沂高一上期末)
British fire-fighters are fighting against the worst wildfire they have seen.They called it a “mega-fire”.Eight different fires combined(聯(lián)合) an hour’s drive north of London.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了英國正面臨嚴(yán)重野火，分析了其成因、危害及應(yīng)對舉措，強(qiáng)調(diào)問題嚴(yán)峻性與應(yīng)對必要性。
Professor Blair，an environmental research expert at the University of London，said that the wildfires mainly resulted from a combination of drought，high temperatures，and strong winds.Climate change had also been identified as a contributing factor，with Britain growing hotter and hotter，drier and drier in recent years.
The number of wildfires was well above the long-term average in 2023，continuing a trend in place since 2022.Several destructive fires occurred in 2024.Seventy-five large fires，covering at least six hectares(公頃)，were recorded，according to analysis of data going back to 2008 by the London School of Economics(LSE).In 2018,17 large fires were recorded.This increased to 74 in 2020，then 97 in 2021 and 138 a year later.Separate numbers got by Lord Botham，the former England cricketer，show a relevant increase in carbon dioxide emissions(二氧化碳排放) from wildfires from 294,000 tons in 2019 to 1,363,000 tons in 2023.
“While once there would be a big fire year every few years，now it is becoming yearly，” Dr Botham，another professor in environmental geography，told the reporter.“We need to be prepared for more flammable landscapes.This preparation has already started.Professional wildfire teams have been appointed in fire and rescue services up and down the country.”
He added that firefighters in Britain were learning from those in Spain，South Africa and the US，which “currently face a fire risk that we might see in the coming decades”.
Although the recent ban(禁令) on single-use barbecues in parts of Dorset and Hampshire would help，the limitations should extend to sky lanterns and fireworks(煙花).
5.What caused the fires according to Professor Blair
A.Hot weather and heavy rainfall.
B.High temperatures and wet weather.
C.Extreme weather and climate change.
D.Strong winds and increasing pressure.
√
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Professor Blair...said that the wildfires mainly resulted from a combination of drought，high temperatures，and strong winds.Climate change had also been identified as a contributing factor”可知，火災(zāi)是由極端天氣(干旱、高溫、強(qiáng)風(fēng))和氣候變化導(dǎo)致的。故選C。
解析
6.How does the author tell the terrible results caused by wildfires
A.By giving examples. B.By listing numbers.
C.By asking questions. D.By interviewing experts.
√
寫作手法題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，作者通過列舉不同年份火災(zāi)的數(shù)量以及二氧化碳排放量的變化數(shù)據(jù)，來說明野火造成的可怕后果。故選B。
解析
7.What can we infer from Dr Botham’s statements
A.Wildfires happened yearly in the past.
B.Continual wildfires led to full preparations.
C.Firefighters in Britain are better trained than those in Spain.
D.Professional wildfire teams will join fire and rescue services.
√
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“While once there would be a big fire year every few years，now it is becoming yearly...We need to be prepared for more flammable landscapes.This preparation has already started.”可知，由于野火不斷發(fā)生，所以人們開始進(jìn)行充分的準(zhǔn)備。故選B。
解析
8.What does the underlined word “extend” in the last paragraph mean
A.Enlarge. B.Experiment.
C.Relate. D.Explore.
√
詞義猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段中“to sky lanterns and fireworks”可知，這里指應(yīng)該將禁令的限制范圍擴(kuò)大到孔明燈和煙花，推測extend表示“擴(kuò)大”的意思，與enlarge意思相近。故選A。
解析
1.drive(轉(zhuǎn)) v.→n.駕車路程；驅(qū)車旅行
2.result from由……引起
3.contributing(派)＝contribute＋ing adj.起作用的
4.single-use(合)＝single＋use adj.一次性的
詞匯積累
He added that firefighters in Britain were learning from those in Spain，South Africa and the US，which “currently face a fire risk that we might see in the coming decades”.
分析：此句為復(fù)合句。第一個that引導(dǎo)賓語從句；which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾Spain，South Africa and the US；第二個that引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，修飾a fire risk。
翻譯：他補(bǔ)充說，英國的消防員正在向西班牙、南非和美國的消防員學(xué)習(xí)，這些國家“目前面臨著我們可能在未來幾十年也會遇到的火災(zāi)風(fēng)險”。
句式分析
A flood can develop slowly over time or rapidly，as in the case of flash floods which can develop in just a few minutes and without signs of rain.Check the following flood safety rules to help stay safe.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在洪水來臨之前應(yīng)如何做好準(zhǔn)備以及洪水到來時應(yīng)如何自救。
Ⅳ.七選五閱讀
A.They don’t know where to look for shelter.
B.You and the car can be swept away quickly.
C.Use a stick to check the ground in front of you.
D.Be aware if the area you’re at is at risk of a flood.
E.There is no telling when another flood may happen.
F.It would help to store food for emergency situations.
G.During these conditions，hunger becomes a very real problem.
√
1 This is the first thing that a person should do.It is unwise to just depend on history to decide whether your area is at risk of flooding.
根據(jù)后文的“This is the first thing that a person should do.It is unwise to just depend on history to decide...”并結(jié)合常識可知，D項“注意你所在的地區(qū)是否有發(fā)生洪水的風(fēng)險”符合語境，This指的就是D項所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容，且“whether your area is at risk of flooding”與D項的“if the area you’re at is at risk of a flood”呼應(yīng)。故選D。
解析
A.They don’t know where to look for shelter.
B.You and the car can be swept away quickly.
C.Use a stick to check the ground in front of you.
D.Be aware if the area you’re at is at risk of a flood.
E.There is no telling when another flood may happen.
F.It would help to store food for emergency situations.
G.During these conditions，hunger becomes a very real problem.
√
Create an evacuation plan in case you have to evacuate your home. Pay attention to the safe areas you can go to.Prepare food kits for natural disasters that you can easily take with you if you have to leave your house. 2
根據(jù)前文的“Prepare food kits for natural disasters that you can easily take with you if you have to leave your house.”可知，F(xiàn)項承接上文，指出儲存食物有助于應(yīng)對突發(fā)情況。故選F。
解析
A.They don’t know where to look for shelter.
B.You and the car can be swept away quickly.
C.Use a stick to check the ground in front of you.
D.Be aware if the area you’re at is at risk of a flood.
E.There is no telling when another flood may happen.
F.It would help to store food for emergency situations.
G.During these conditions，hunger becomes a very real problem.
√
If there is a possibility of a flash flood，leave your home and move to higher ground at once.Do not wait for instructions to move.Evacuation may also cause a shortage(短缺) in the food supply. 3 To survive，one must depend on food storage.
根據(jù)前文的“Evacuation may also cause a shortage(短缺) in the food supply.”和下文的“To survive，one must depend on food storage.”可知，G項與上文為因果關(guān)系，說明了疏散帶來的食物不足會導(dǎo)致饑餓的發(fā)生，下文針對“饑餓”提出了儲存食物的必要性。故選G。
解析
A.They don’t know where to look for shelter.
B.You and the car can be swept away quickly.
C.Use a stick to check the ground in front of you.
D.Be aware if the area you’re at is at risk of a flood.
E.There is no telling when another flood may happen.
F.It would help to store food for emergency situations.
G.During these conditions，hunger becomes a very real problem.
√
While evacuating，avoid walking through moving water.Even six inches of moving water can make you fall.If you have to walk in water，walk where the water is not moving. 4
根據(jù)前文的“Even six inches of moving water can make you fall.If you have to walk in water，walk where the water is not moving.”可知，C項承接上文，進(jìn)一步指出如何在水中安全地前進(jìn)。故選C。
解析
A.They don’t know where to look for shelter.
B.You and the car can be swept away quickly.
C.Use a stick to check the ground in front of you.
D.Be aware if the area you’re at is at risk of a flood.
E.There is no telling when another flood may happen.
F.It would help to store food for emergency situations.
G.During these conditions，hunger becomes a very real problem.
√
Do not drive into flooded areas.If floodwaters rise around your car，abandon(舍棄) the car and move to higher ground，when water is not moving or not more than a few inches deep. 5 If your car is trapped in rapidly moving water，stay in the car.If the water is rising inside the car，move on to the roof(頂部).
根據(jù)前文的“Do not drive into flooded areas.If floodwaters rise around your car，abandon(舍棄) the car and move to higher ground，when water is not moving or not more than a few inches deep.”和后文的“If your car is trapped in rapidly moving water，stay in the car.If the water is rising inside the car，move on to the roof(頂部).”可知，B項承接上文，說明如果車周圍的洪水上升時，要在水不流動時丟下車，前往地勢較高的地方的原因是你和你的車可能會被迅速沖走。故選B。
解析
Ⅴ.語法填空
(2025·山東百師聯(lián)考高一上期中)
In Pingle village of Luoyang City，Henan Province，farmers bring in an income of over 100 million yuan every year by painting peonies(牡丹花) in 1._______(they) spare time.The farmers’ artworks describe the graceful nature of peony flowers and sell well both at home and abroad.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了河南洛陽的平樂村農(nóng)民通過畫牡丹致富的過程。
their
考查代詞。空處作定語，修飾名詞短語“spare time”，故應(yīng)用形容詞性的物主代詞。故填their。
解析
In 1983，2._______(know) as “the city of peonies”，Luoyang 3.________ (official) held its first peony festival.During the festival，Guo Tai’an，4.______ was a villager of Pingle village，painted a peony picture.
officially
2.考查過去分詞。根據(jù)句中謂語動詞held可知，空處應(yīng)用動詞know的非謂語動詞形式，know與Luoyang之間為被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞，作狀語。故填known。
3.考查副詞。空處應(yīng)用副詞，修飾動詞held，作狀語。故填officially。
4.考查定語從句。空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞Guo Tai’an，指人，且在從句中作主語，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who。故填who。
解析
known
who
5.____ his surprise，the painting won wide praise，and some people even asked to buy it.Because of the experience，Guo started to teach villagers 6._________(paint) peony flowers，and established the first academy(學(xué)院) of fine arts in the village.
to paint
5.考查介詞。介詞短語to one’s surprise表示“令某人驚訝的是”，句首單詞的首字母大寫。故填To。
6.考查不定式。teach sb to do sth表示“教某人做某事”，為固定搭配。故填to paint。
解析
To
He had seen the 7.________(grow) number of painters in his village in the past years.
考查形容詞。空處應(yīng)用形容詞，修飾名詞number，作定語。故填growing。
解析
growing
In 2011，China Pingle Peony Drawing Culture Creative Industry Park 8._________(build) in the village.The park has been considered as a national 3A tourist attraction.It receives tourist groups and 9.__________ (visitor) from home and abroad，and sees more than 300,000 visits a year.
was built
8.考查動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。空處為謂語動詞，根據(jù)時間狀語“In 2011”可知，時態(tài)為一般過去時，動詞build與主語“China Pingle Peony Drawing Culture Creative Industry Park”之間為被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，且主語為單數(shù)名詞短語，謂語也應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。故填was built。
9.考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。空處與“tourist groups”并列作賓語，應(yīng)用名詞；visitor表示“游客”，為可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)，表示泛指。故填visitors。
解析
visitors
Nowadays，local villagers run more than 150 online shops selling paintings on a popular China’s e-commerce platform(電子商務(wù)平臺).They have also set up 10._____ team for the promotion of peony paintings through live-streaming.
a
考查冠詞。空處修飾名詞team(以輔音音素開頭)，表示成立了“一個”團(tuán)隊，為泛指，故應(yīng)用不定冠詞a。故填a。
解析
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