資源簡介

Period 2　Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points
1．不吃飯 skip meals
2．昏迷，失去知覺 pass out
3．被迅速送往醫院 be rushed to hospital
4．完全康復 make a full recovery
5．做某事有困難 have trouble doing sth
6．借助極端的方法 turn to extreme methods
7．變苗條，減肥 slim down
8．對……擔憂 be concerned about
9．副作用 side effect
10．對……有害 be harmful to
11．減肥 lose weight
12．保持均衡飲食 have a balanced diet
13．運轉良好 function well
14．攝入，吸收 take in
15．作息規律 keep regular hours
16．保持精力旺盛、身體健康 stay energetic and fit
17．遵從這些生活方式的建議 follow these lifestyle tips
18．強身健體 get into shape
immediately adv.立即，馬上 conj.一……就
[教材原句P44]Jennifer was found to have dangerously low blood sugar levels and was treated immediately.醫生發現珍妮弗的血糖已經低到了很危險的程度，于是馬上對她進行治療。
[外研版]I’ll join a beginner’s swimming class immediately.我得馬上報個游泳入門班。
immediately conj.(＝as soon as) 一……就，后跟時間狀語從句 一 ……就……
(1)More effective measures should be taken immediately(immediate) to protect wild animals and plants.
[寫作佳句]　一句多譯
(2)(2022·浙江1月，讀后續寫)一聽說我的搭檔正患重病，我就非常著急，急忙趕到醫院，希望他能早日康復。
①Immediately/Instantly/Directly I heard that my partner was suffering from a serious illness，I was so anxious that I rushed to the hospital，hoping that he could recover soon.
②The moment /minute/instant I heard that my partner was suffering from a serious illness，I was so anxious that I rushed to the hospital，hoping that he could recover soon.
③On/Upon hearing that my partner was suffering from a serious illness，I was so anxious that I rushed to the hospital，hoping that he could recover soon.
concentrate vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神貫注(concentration n．集中；專注 concentrated adj.濃縮的；集中的；全力以赴的)
[教材原句P45]She told me she had trouble concentrating in class.
她告訴我她在課堂上難以集中注意力。
[外研版]While I was concentrating on photographing this amazing scene，I suddenly had a feeling that I was being watched.我正聚精會神地拍攝這驚人的景觀，突然感覺有什么在盯著我。
concentrate on (doing) sth專心于(做)某事 concentrate (one’s mind/attention) on集中注意力于；致力于；專心于
(1)He concentrated his energy on studying(study) the history of Loulan.
(2)(2023·全國乙，書面表達)By learning how to make xiao long bao，I have been aware that concentration(concentrate) and patience do make a great difference to us.
[寫作佳句]
(3)(2024·北京，應用文寫作)如果你能把注意力集中在中國在過去75年里取得的經濟增長和技術進步上，那將是一個好主意。
It would be a good idea if you could concentrate (your mind/attention) on the economic growth and technological advances that China has acquired over the past 75 years.
effect n．效果，作用；影響(effective adj.有效的；生效的)
[教材原句P45]They are increasing their efforts to educate teenagers about the side effects of losing weight too quickly.他們加大力度教育青少年有關快速減肥引起的不良反應。
[外研版]Then use the sentences to complete the “cause-effect” flow charts.
然后用這些句子來完成“因果”流程圖。
take effect生效；奏效 come/go into effect生效 have an effect/influence/impact on對……有影響 bring/put...into effect實施；使生效 in effect實際上；事實上
(1)In effect，the government has decided to put/bring the project into effect.
[寫作佳句]
(2)(應用文寫作之倡議書)我呼吁我們學校采取有效措施創建低碳校園。我真誠地希望這些措施可以盡快生效。
I call on our school to take effective measures to build a low-carbon campus.I sincerely hope that the measures can take effect/come/go into effect/can be put/brought into effect as soon as possible.
(3)(2024·天津3月，應用文寫作)既然你對科技如何影響中國人的生活感到好奇，我真誠地邀請你訪問中國，親身體驗這些進步。
Now that you are curious about how technologies have an effect/influence/impact on the lives of Chinese people，I sincerely invite you to visit China and experience these advancements first-hand.
get into shape 強身健體
[教材原句P45]We strongly encourage all teenagers to follow these lifestyle tips，because living well is the safest and most effective way to get into shape.
我們強烈推薦所有青少年遵從這些生活方式的建議，因為好好生活是最健康、最有效的強身健體方式。
in good shape情況良好；健康狀況良好 in bad shape情況不佳；健康狀況不佳 get/keep/stay in shape保持健康 out of shape變形的；身體不好 in the shape of...呈……的形狀
(1)I made my father a card in the shape of a heart to express my love.
(2)Working out regularly helps us get into shape and keep a slim figure.
多年來整天坐在辦公室里，南?！き偹垢械缴眢w不好。她決定是時候保持健康了。每天早上她都去慢跑，下班后參加瑜伽班。幾周后，感覺好多了，精力更充沛了，她又恢復了健康。她的新日常生活證明，保持活躍是健康的關鍵。
After years of sitting in an office all day，Nancy Jones felt (3)out of shape/was (4)in bad shape.She decided it was time that she (5)got/kept/stayed in shape.Every morning she went jogging and she joined a yoga class after work. Within weeks，feeling much better and more energetic，she was (6)in good shape again.Her new routine proved that staying active was key to good health.
frightened adj.恐懼的，害怕的，驚嚇的，受驚的(frighten vt.使吃驚；驚嚇；嚇唬 frightening adj.令人恐懼的，可怕的)
[教材原句P47]I was very frightened when I woke up in hospital last Thursday.
上星期四我在醫院醒來時非常害怕。
[外研版]I was frightened at the sight of the test paper.
我一看到試卷的時候好害怕。
·be frightened to do sth 不敢做某事；害怕做某事 be frightened of/that...害怕…… ·frighten sb into/out of doing sth 嚇唬某人做/不做某事
(1)Walking alone in the dark forest was so frightening(frighten) as to make my hair stand on end.
(2)He conveys that nobody could frighten him into doing(do) something he doesn’t want to do.
(3)Because of her last terrible experience，she is frightened to skip(skip) meals to slim down.
[寫作佳句]
(4)(讀后續寫之心理描寫)他非常害怕，嚇得兩膝直哆嗦。
He was very frightened，so his knees knocked together.
→He was so frightened that his knees knocked together.(so...that...)
It＋be＋ adj.＋that...
[教材原句P45]However，for those who are dangerously overweight，it is very important that they try to lose weight properly.
不過，如果超重達到危險程度，嘗試以適當方式減重是十分重要的。
[結構分析] 本句中who引導定語從句，修飾those；it充當形式主語，that引導主語從句，作真正的主語。
it作形式主語的常用結構有： ·It＋be＋形容詞(possible，obvious，important，certain...)＋that從句 ·It＋be＋名詞短語(a pity，a fact，a wonder，an honour，an idea，no wonder...)＋that從句 ·It＋be＋過去分詞(said，thought，believed，suggested，reported...)＋that從句
(1)他已經花了大量的時間復習，所以他肯定會考得很好。
He has spent a large amount of time reviewing，so it is certain that he will do well in his exam.
(2)遺憾的是他失敗了，辜負了父母的期望。
It’s a pity that he failed and didn’t live up to his parents’ expectations.
(3)眾所周知，中國在太空探索方面取得了巨大成就。
It is known to all that China has made great achievements in space exploration.
[寫作佳句]
(4)(2022·浙江6月，應用文寫作)在這樣一個房間里，我們可以做一些小組項目，分享我們的想法，這是很方便的。
It is convenient that we can do some group projects and share our thoughts in such a room.
Ⅰ.短語填空
1．Thirsty and hungry，the poor guy passed out(昏迷) in the street.
2．Concentrating on(專心于) things you can control is how you make good things happen.
3．Some people spend long hours on the app，which is harmful to(對……有害) their health.
4．For those who want to get into shape(強身健體)，rock climbing is a fun and effective way.
5．Television has an effect on(對……有影響) young people，which many teachers are concerned about.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．人們普遍認為讀書可以豐富我們的思想。
It is widely believed that reading can enrich our minds.
2．我一走進教室，就看到了黑板上的那個句子。
Immediately I came into the classroom，I saw the sentence on the blackboard.
3．我很難適應新環境，這讓我很焦慮。
I have trouble adapting to the new environment，which makes me very anxious.
作業2　Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points
[分值：65分]
Ⅰ.單句語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
1．The moment he heard the bad news，he got up immediately.
2．Liza was so frightened(frighten) that she couldn’t make a sound.
3．The students found it easy to take in what their teacher had taught.
4．The film finally proved to be(be) a success and it won several prizes.
5．The teenager seeks to use more effective(effect) ways to improve his English.
6．Doing physical exercise a couple of times a week makes me feel more energetic(energy)．
7．It is obvious that some old traditions and values are no longer treasured by the young people.
8．As far as I’m concerned(concern)，it is important for teenagers to have a balanced healthy diet and do sports regularly.
9．While we’re always using our brains，we’re not necessarily doing much to keep them in good shape.
10．An extremely(extreme) low body temperature can cause the heart to beat so slowly that a pulse may be difficult to find.
Ⅱ.主題微寫作(共5小題；每小題3分，滿分15分)
1．我的朋友瑪麗經常感覺很累，對她來說集中精力學習很難。(It＋be＋adj.＋for sb＋to do)
My friend Mary often feels tired and it is difficult for her to concentrate on her studies.
2．事實證明，減肥藥造成了她的疲勞。(It＋be＋過去分詞＋that)
It is proved that weight-loss medicine contributes to her tiredness.
3．醫生警告說，這種藥對我們的健康有副作用。(that引導賓語從句)
The doctor warns that this kind of medicine has a side effect on our health.
4．立即停止使用極端的方法來保持身材是必要的。(動名詞短語作主語)
Stopping using extreme methods to keep figure immediately is necessary.
5．此外，健康的飲食和規律的鍛煉可以幫助我們強身健體。(get into shape)
In addition，a healthy diet and regular exercise can help us get into shape.
Ⅲ.主題語篇閱讀(共8小題；每小題2.5分，滿分20分)
A
(2025·湖南多校聯考高一上期中)
Lack of sleep has been linked with some health problems.As a result，the National Sleep Foundation recommends that adults receive at least seven hours of shut-eye each night.Now，new research offers another reason to focus on nightly rest.According to results from Stockholm University，a few nights of fitful sleep can make you feel years older than you really are，while sleep with a consistent pattern in the same time and space can have the opposite effect，making you feel younger.
“Sleep has a main effect on how old you feel，and it’s not only your long-term sleep patterns，” says Balter，a co-author of the study.“Even when you only sleep less for two nights，that has a real effect on how you feel.” This feeling is known as “subjective age”．Previous studies have found that how old a person feels，both physically and mentally，may have a real effect on health and lifetime.
In the research，Balter and another sleep expert，John，first asked 429 people questions to check their past month of sleep.They found that with each day of bad sleep the average person had got in the past month，their “subjective age” increased by nearly three months.And those who had experienced no days of bad sleep said they felt an average of six years younger than their true age.Next，they ran an experiment in which 186 volunteers experienced two consistent nights of bad sleep—a sleep limited to four hours per night，or two consistent nights of good sleep—nine hours of enough sleep.Then，each volunteer described their “subjective age”．After two nights of limited sleep，the volunteers reported feeling an average of 4.4 years older than their true age，while those with two nights of enough sleep felt an average of three months younger.
“If you protect your sleep，you can feel younger，” Balter says.“We know those who feel younger than their actual age live healthier and longer，so try to develop good sleep habits.”
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了睡眠對人們主觀年齡感知的影響及相關研究。
1．What does the underlined word “fitful” in paragraph 1 mean
A．Irregular. B．Unexpected.
C．Enough. D．Proper.
答案　A
解析　詞義猜測題。根據第一段中的“According to results...opposite effect，making you feel younger.”可知while表對比，其后面說“持續的睡眠會讓人感覺更年輕”，那么，其前面說的應是“斷斷續續的睡眠會讓人感覺變老”，由此可知畫線詞的意思是“斷斷續續的”，與A項“不規律的，紊亂的”意義相近。故選A。
2．What is the effect of sleeping less for two nights according to Balter
A．It improves people’s emotions.
B．It makes people feel much older.
C．It changes long-term sleep patterns.
D．It has no effect on “subjective age”．
答案　B
解析　細節理解題。根據第二段中Balter說的“Even when you only sleep less for two nights，that has a real effect on how you feel.”和第三段中的“They found that...by nearly three months.”可知，Balter認為兩晚的睡眠不足也會讓人感覺更老。故選B。
3．How did Balter and John carry out their research into sleep
A．By making assumptions.
B．By drawing comparisons.
C．By asking other experts.
D．By checking historical data.
答案　B
解析　細節理解題。根據第三段中的“In the research，Balter and...younger than their true age.”和最后一句“After two nights of limited sleep，the volunteers...while those with...felt an average of three months younger.”可知，Balter和John通過對比在過去一個月內睡眠充足和睡眠不足的人、連續兩天睡眠充足和睡眠不足的志愿者對年齡的感知來進行研究，即Balter和John是通過對比來進行睡眠研究的。故選B。
4．What does Balter want to do in the last paragraph
A．Make a suggestion.
B．Make a complaint.
C．Show his actual age.
D．Show his personal habit.
答案　A
解析　推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“...so try to develop good sleep habits.”可知，Balter在最后一段想給人們提建議，即養成良好的睡眠習慣。故選A。
B(此篇精讀)
(2025·浙江金磚高中聯盟高一上期中)
As we age，the quality of our sleep experiences great changes，which are likely to increase our risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia(癡呆)．A recent study has shown how the loss of slow-wave sleep—a very important stage for brain health—related to an increased risk of developing dementia over time.
Slow-wave sleep，also known as deep sleep，is the third stage of the sleep cycle.It’s during this period that the brain experiences restorative processes(恢復過程)，including the clearance of the unwanted or materials that could make trouble，such as beta-amyloid protein.This protein is especially important for us to know about Alzheimer’s disease，the most common form of dementia.
In the study led by Matthew P．Pase，an associate professor of psychology and neurology at Monash University in Australia，researchers discovered that aging was related to a noticeable decrease in the amount of slow-wave sleep.Moreover，people experiencing greater declines in slow-wave sleep over time exhibited a higher risk of developing dementia over the next 17 years of follow-up.
Dr.Richard Isaacson，director of research at the Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases in Florida，stressed the importance of these findings.He highlighted that slow-wave sleep is considered the most restorative period for the brain.The study points up the importance of not just monitoring the total hours of sleep but also focusing on the quality of sleep to reduce the risk of cognitive(認知的) decline and dementia.
This research adds to the growing body of evidence suggesting that sleep quality plays an important role in maintaining cognitive health.As we continue to uncover the mysteries of sleep and its impact on the brain，actions aimed at improving sleep quality could possibly become a key factor in the prevention and management of dementia.
In conclusion，the study serves as a powerful reminder of the close connection between sleep and brain health.By highlighting sleep quality and seeking medical advice when experiencing sleep issues，people can take preventative steps towards safeguarding their cognitive well-being as they age.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要闡述了深度睡眠減少與老年人癡呆風險增加之間的聯系，強調改善睡眠質量對預防認知衰退的重要性。
5．What is the main focus of the study mentioned in the passage
A．Aging and sleep quality in relation to neurodegenerative diseases.
B．The effectiveness of various sleep medications for slow-wave sleep.
C．The role of diet in preventing dementia and other cognitive problems.
D．The benefits of physical exercise for improving sleep quality in older adults.
答案　A
解析　細節理解題。根據第一段“As we age，the quality of our sleep...developing dementia over time.”和第三段“In the study...researchers discovered that aging was related to...developing dementia over the next 17 years of follow-up.”可知，根據該研究，衰老與深度睡眠的顯著減少有關，而深度睡眠的減少與患神經退行性疾病(如癡呆)的風險增加有關，因此，該研究的重點是衰老和睡眠質量與神經退行性疾病之間的關系。故選A。
6．Which of the following factors may lead to dementia
A．High-quality sleep.
B．Harmful materials.
C．Beta-amyloid protein.
D．A large amount of sleep.
答案　C
解析　推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“It’s during this period that...such as beta-amyloid protein.This protein is especially important for us to know about Alzheimer’s disease，the most common form of dementia.”可知，大腦在恢復過程會清除β-淀粉樣蛋白，而β-淀粉樣蛋白又是了解一種癡呆癥的重要物質，可推知β-淀粉樣蛋白可能是導致癡呆的因素之一。故選C。
7．What does the author suggest readers do
A．People should maintain a good living environment.
B．People should take measures to prevent the aging process.
C．People should be aware of the connection between sleep and brain well-being.
D．People should highlight seeking medical support as they notice health problems.
答案　C
解析　推理判斷題。根據最后一段“In conclusion，the study serves as...safeguarding their cognitive well-being as they age.”可推知，作者建議人們應當意識到睡眠與腦健康之間的聯系，并及時處理睡眠問題以守護腦健康。故選C。
8．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．The Impact of Aging on Sleep Patterns
B．The Benefits of Deep Sleep for Brain Health
C．Highlighting Sleep Quality to Prevent Aging
D．Improving Sleep Quality to Guard Against Dementia
答案　D
解析　標題歸納題。根據全文內容尤其是第一段和最后一段可知，文章主要說明了研究發現衰老會影響睡眠質量進而增加癡呆風險，并建議通過改善睡眠質量來預防癡呆。因此，選項D “提高睡眠質量以預防癡呆”最能概括文章的主旨，是文章的最佳標題。故選D。
[詞匯積累] 1．noticeable(派)＝notice＋able adj.明顯的，顯著的 2．decline n．衰退，衰落，減少，下降 vi.& vt.減少，下降，衰退，衰落；謝絕 3．follow-up(合)＝follow＋up n．后續行動，后續事物 adj.進一步的 4．uncover(派)＝un＋cover v．揭開 5．conclusion n．結論，推論；結束，結果；簽訂，達成 [句式分析] It’s during this period that the brain experiences restorative processes，including the clearance of the unwanted or materials that could make trouble，such as beta-amyloid protein. 分析：It’s...that...是強調句型，第二個that引導限制性定語從句。 翻譯：正是在這個階段，大腦經歷恢復過程，包括清除那些不想要的或者可能制造麻煩的物質，例如β-淀粉樣蛋白。
Ⅳ.完形填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)
It was a bitter winter morning in Kennewick，Washington.John Lunceford saw a crying child along his bus 1 to school.Tears rolled down the young boy’s cheeks as his bare hands and ears were 2 red because of the bitter cold.Lunceford took his 3 off，which he gave to the child，and said，“It’ll be OK.” “I’m a grandfather.No one wants a kid to 4 like that，” Lunceford said.His heart 5 because of the poor child，knowing the 6 winter was still lying ahead.
After 7 the kids at school，the three-year bus driver and former U．S.Army soldier went to the 8 to buy ten sets of gloves and hats.He returned to the 9 and determined to find the boy.A school worker 10 Lunceford to the library，where the boy was studying with his class.There Lunceford 11 the boy with a new pair of gloves and a hat.
But the little boy was just the 12 .Many other students would receive the 13 of their familiar bus driver.He announced to the students in the library that any child found without a hat or gloves along his bus route would be given a set.
One little girl 14 said she didn’t have a hat.As Lunceford 15 her a comfortable hat，he smiled and said，“I’ll take care of you，sweetie.”
語篇解讀　這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了公交車司機Lunceford在一個寒冷的早晨，看到一個男孩因沒有手套和帽子，手和耳朵凍得通紅，他先是把自己的手套給了男孩，然后把學生送到學校后，去商店購買手套和帽子分發給有需要的學生的感人故事。
1．A.chain B．route
C．trip D．duty
答案　B
解析　chain鏈條；route路線；trip旅行；duty義務。根據后文“to school”以及“along his bus route”可知，Lunceford在公交車行駛路線上看到了一個哭泣的孩子。故選B。
2．A.hardly B．simply
C．completely D．truly
答案　C
解析　hardly幾乎不；simply僅僅；completely完全；truly真正。根據后文“because of the bitter cold”可知，因為嚴寒，男孩的手和耳朵都被完全凍紅了。故選C。
3．A.gloves B．glasses
C．overcoat D．socks
答案　A
解析　glove手套；glasses眼鏡；overcoat大衣；sock襪子。根據后文“buy ten sets of gloves and hats”可知，Lunceford買了手套和帽子，此時他是把自己的手套給了那個孩子。故選A。
4．A.work B．behave
C．wait D．suffer
答案　D
解析　work工作；behave表現；wait等待；suffer遭受。前文提到孩子的耳朵和手被凍紅，可知此處是指遭受痛苦。故選D。
5．A.lost B．delivered
C．ached D．changed
答案　C
解析　lose丟失；deliver遞，送；ache疼痛；change改變。根據前后文“His heart...because of the poor child”可知，Lunceford為那個可憐的孩子感到心痛。故選C。
6．A.latest B．coldest
C．hottest D．shortest
答案　B
解析　latest最新的；coldest最冷的；hottest最熱的；shortest最短的。根據后文“winter was still lying ahead”可知，此處是指冬天最寒冷的時候還沒到來。故選B。
7．A.setting off B．showing off
C．putting off D．dropping off
答案　D
解析　set off動身出發，燃放；show off炫耀；put off推遲；drop off放下，送到。根據后文“the kids at school”以及“the three-year bus driver”可知，此處是指把孩子送到學校，固定短語drop sb off意為“讓某人下車”。故選D。
8．A.company B．store
C．park D．bank
答案　B
解析　company公司；store商店；park公園；bank銀行。根據后文“buy ten sets of gloves and hats”可知，此處是去商店買手套和帽子。故選B。
9．A.home B．school
C．library D．station
答案　B
解析　home家；school學校；library圖書館；station車站。根據后文“and determined to find the boy.A school worker”可知，Lunceford買了東西后又回到學校，想找到剛才那個男孩。故選B。
10．A.attracted B．invited
C．followed D．guided
答案　D
解析　attract吸引；invite邀請；follow跟隨；guide帶領。根據后文“Lunceford to the library，where the boy was studying with his class”可知，一位學校工作人員帶領Lunceford去圖書館。故選D。
11．A.disappointed B．annoyed
C．surprised D．charged
答案　C
解析　disappoint使失望；annoy使惱怒；surprise使驚奇；charge指責，控告。根據后文“the boy with a new pair of gloves and a hat”可知，Lunceford與男孩并不認識，卻來給他送手套和帽子，所以這個男孩覺得驚訝。故選C。
12．A.beginning B．center
C．attention D．end
答案　A
解析　beginning開始；center中心；attention注意力；end結束。根據后文“Many other students would receive the”可知，還有其他的學生得到了幫助，男孩只是個開始。故選A。
13．A.comment B．prize
C．kindness D．challenge
答案　C
解析　comment評論；prize獎品；kindness善意；challenge挑戰。根據語境可知，Lunceford給學生送帽子和手套，是一種善意。故選C。
14．A.jokingly B．obviously
C．finally D．immediately
答案　D
解析　jokingly開玩笑地；obviously顯然；finally終于；immediately立即。根據前后文“One little girl said she didn’t have a hat.”可知，此處指女孩立即說自己沒有帽子。故選D。
15．A.handed B．promised
C．made D．lent
答案　A
解析　hand遞給；promise承諾；make制作；lend借給。根據后文“her a comfortable hat”可知，Lunceford遞給女孩一頂舒適的帽子。故選A。(共72張PPT)
Period 2
Looking good，feeling good
Unit 4
Welcome to the unit & Reading
—Language points
內容索引
Part 1　課文詞塊自查
Part 2　語言知識梳理
Part 3　基礎達標檢測
作業2
課文詞塊自查
1.不吃飯 ___________
2.昏迷，失去知覺 _________
3.被迅速送往醫院 ____________________
4.完全康復 ___________________
5.做某事有困難 _____________________
6.借助極端的方法 _______________________
7.變苗條，減肥 ___________
8.對……擔憂 __________________
9.副作用 __________
skip meals
pass out
be rushed to hospital
make a full recovery
have trouble doing sth
turn to extreme methods
slim down
be concerned about
side effect
10.對……有害 _____________
11.減肥 ___________
12.保持均衡飲食 ___________________
13.運轉良好 ____________
14.攝入，吸收 _______
15.作息規律 __________________
16.保持精力旺盛、身體健康 ___________________
17.遵從這些生活方式的建議 _______________________
18.強身健體 _____________
be harmful to
lose weight
have a balanced diet
function well
take in
keep regular hours
stay energetic and fit
follow these lifestyle tips
get into shape
返 回
語言知識梳理
adv.立即，馬上 conj.一……就
[教材原句P44]Jennifer was found to have dangerously low blood sugar levels and was treated immediately.醫生發現珍妮弗的血糖已經低到了很危險的程度，于是馬上對她進行治療。
[外研版]I’ll join a beginner’s swimming class immediately.我得馬上報個游泳入門班。
1
immediately
immediately conj.(＝as soon as)
一……就，后跟時間狀語從句
一 ……就……
(1)More effective measures should be taken _____________(immediate) to protect wild animals and plants.
the instant/moment/minute＋(that)從句
instantly/immediately/directly＋(that)從句
on/upon doing...或on/upon＋名詞
immediately
(2)(2022·浙江1月，讀后續寫)一聽說我的搭檔正患重病，我就非常著急，急忙趕到醫院，希望他能早日康復。
①_____________________________________________________
____________________________，I was so anxious that I rushed to the hospital，hoping that he could recover soon.
寫作佳句
Immediately/Instantly/Directly I heard that my partner was suffering from a serious illness
②_____________________________________________________
___________________________，I was so anxious that I rushed to the hospital，hoping that he could recover soon.
③_____________________________________________________
_____________，I was so anxious that I rushed to the hospital，hoping that he could recover soon.
The moment /minute/instant I heard that my partner was suffering from a serious illness
On/Upon hearing that my partner was suffering from a serious illness
2
vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神貫注(concentration n.集中；專注 concentrated adj.濃縮的；集中的；全力以赴的)
[教材原句P45]She told me she had trouble concentrating in class.
她告訴我她在課堂上難以集中注意力。
[外研版]While I was concentrating on photographing this amazing scene，I suddenly had a feeling that I was being watched.我正聚精會神地拍攝這驚人的景觀，突然感覺有什么在盯著我。
concentrate
(1)He concentrated his energy on __________(study) the history of Loulan.
(2)(2023·全國乙，書面表達)By learning how to make xiao long bao，I have been aware that _______________(concentrate) and patience do make a great difference to us.
concentrate on (doing) sth專心于(做)某事
concentrate (one’s mind/attention) on集中注意力于；致力于；專心于
studying
concentration
(3)(2024·北京，應用文寫作)如果你能把注意力集中在中國在過去75年里取得的經濟增長和技術進步上，那將是一個好主意。
It would be a good idea if _________________________________
_______________________________ and technological advances that China has acquired over the past 75 years.
寫作佳句
you could concentrate (your mind/
attention) on the economic growth
n.效果，作用；影響(effective adj.有效的；生效的)
effect
3
[教材原句P45]They are increasing their efforts to educate teenagers about the side effects of losing weight too quickly.他們加大力度教育青少年有關快速減肥引起的不良反應。
[外研版]Then use the sentences to complete the “cause-effect” flow charts.
然后用這些句子來完成“因果”流程圖。
take effect生效；奏效
come/go into effect生效
have an effect/influence/impact on對……有影響
bring/put...into effect實施；使生效
in effect實際上；事實上
(1)____ effect，the government has decided to put/bring the project ____ effect.
In
into
(2)(應用文寫作之倡議書)我呼吁我們學校采取有效措施創建低碳校園。我真誠地希望這些措施可以盡快生效。
I call on our school to ____________________ to build a low-carbon campus.I sincerely hope that the measures ____________
_______________________________________________________________.
寫作佳句
can take effect
/come/go into effect/can be put/brought into effect as soon as possible
take effective measures
(3)(2024·天津3月，應用文寫作)既然你對科技如何影響中國人的生活感到好奇，我真誠地邀請你訪問中國，親身體驗這些進步。
Now that you are curious about how technologies ____________
__________________________________________，I sincerely invite you to visit China and experience these advancements first-hand.
have an effect
/influence/impact on the lives of Chinese people
強身健體
get into shape
4
[教材原句P45]We strongly encourage all teenagers to follow these lifestyle tips，because living well is the safest and most effective way to get into shape.
我們強烈推薦所有青少年遵從這些生活方式的建議，因為好好生活是最健康、最有效的強身健體方式。
in good shape情況良好；健康狀況良好
in bad shape情況不佳；健康狀況不佳
get/keep/stay in shape保持健康
out of shape變形的；身體不好
in the shape of...呈……的形狀
(1)I made my father a card in _____ shape of a heart to express my love.
(2)Working out regularly helps us get ______ shape and keep a slim figure.
the
into
多年來整天坐在辦公室里，南?！き偹垢械缴眢w不好。她決定是時候保持健康了。每天早上她都去慢跑，下班后參加瑜伽班。幾周后，感覺好多了，精力更充沛了，她又恢復了健康。她的新日常生活證明，保持活躍是健康的關鍵。
After years of sitting in an office all day，Nancy Jones felt (3)______
______ /was (4)____________.She decided it was time that she (5)_______
___________________.Every morning she went jogging and she joined a yoga class after work. Within weeks，feeling much better and more energetic，she was (6)_____________ again.Her new routine proved that staying active was key to good health.
out of
shape
in bad shape
got/
kept/stayed in shape
in good shape
5
adj.恐懼的，害怕的，驚嚇的，受驚的(frighten vt.使吃驚；驚嚇；嚇唬 frightening adj.令人恐懼的，可怕的)
frightened
[教材原句P47]I was very frightened when I woke up in hospital last Thursday.
上星期四我在醫院醒來時非常害怕。
[外研版]I was frightened at the sight of the test paper.
我一看到試卷的時候好害怕。
·be frightened to do sth 不敢做某事；害怕做某事
be frightened of/that...害怕……
·frighten sb into/out of doing sth 嚇唬某人做/不做某事
(1)Walking alone in the dark forest was so ____________(frighten) as to make my hair stand on end.
(2)He conveys that nobody could frighten him into ______ (do) something he doesn’t want to do.
(3)Because of her last terrible experience，she is frightened _______(skip) meals to slim down.
frightening
doing
to skip
(4)(讀后續寫之心理描寫)他非常害怕，嚇得兩膝直哆嗦。
_____________________，so his knees knocked together.
→________________________ his knees knocked together. (so... that...)
寫作佳句
He was very frightened
He was so frightened that
It＋be＋adj.＋that...
6
[教材原句P45]However，for those who are dangerously overweight，it is very important that they try to lose weight properly.
不過，如果超重達到危險程度，嘗試以適當方式減重是十分重要的。
[結構分析] 本句中who引導定語從句，修飾those；it充當形式主語，that引導主語從句，作真正的主語。
it作形式主語的常用結構有：
·It＋be＋形容詞(possible，obvious，important，certain...)＋that從句
·It＋be＋名詞短語(a pity，a fact，a wonder，an honour，an idea，no
wonder...)＋that從句
·It＋be＋過去分詞(said，thought，believed，suggested，reported...)＋
that從句
(1)他已經花了大量的時間復習，所以他肯定會考得很好。
He has spent a large amount of time reviewing，so _______________ he will do well in his exam.
(2)遺憾的是他失敗了，辜負了父母的期望。
______________________ and didn’t live up to his parents’ expectations.
(3)眾所周知，中國在太空探索方面取得了巨大成就。
____________________ China has made great achievements in space exploration.
it is certain that
It’s a pity that he failed
It is known to all that
(4)(2022·浙江6月，應用文寫作)在這樣一個房間里，我們可以做一些小組項目，分享我們的想法，這是很方便的。
___________________ we can do some group projects and share our thoughts in such a room.
寫作佳句
It is convenient that
返 回
基礎達標檢測
1.Thirsty and hungry，the poor guy ___________ (昏迷) in the street.
2._________________ (專心于) things you can control is how you make good things happen.
3.Some people spend long hours on the app，which ______________ (對……有害) their health.
4.For those who want to _______________ (強身健體)，rock climbing is a fun and effective way.
5.Television ________________(對……有影響) young people，which many teachers are concerned about.
Ⅰ.短語填空
passed out
Concentrating on
is harmful to
get into shape
has an effect on
1.人們普遍認為讀書可以豐富我們的思想。
_______________________ reading can enrich our minds.
2.我一走進教室，就看到了黑板上的那個句子。
___________________________________，I saw the sentence on the blackboard.
3.我很難適應新環境，這讓我很焦慮。
I _________________________________________，which makes me very anxious.
Ⅱ.完成句子
返 回
It is widely believed that
Immediately I came into the classroom
have trouble adapting to the new environment
作業2
1.____ moment he heard the bad news，he got up immediately.
2.Liza was so ___________(frighten) that she couldn’t make a sound.
3.The students found it easy to take ____ what their teacher had taught.
4.The film finally proved _______ (be) a success and it won several prizes.
5.The teenager seeks to use more _________ (effect) ways to improve his English.
6.Doing physical exercise a couple of times a week makes me feel more _________(energy).
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
The
frightened
in
to be
effective
energetic
7.___ is obvious that some old traditions and values are no longer treasured by the young people.
8.As far as I’m ___________(concern)，it is important for teenagers to have a balanced healthy diet and do sports regularly.
9.While we’re always using our brains，we’re not necessarily doing much to keep them ____ good shape.
10.An ___________(extreme) low body temperature can cause the heart to beat so slowly that a pulse may be difficult to find.
It
concerned
in
extremely
1.我的朋友瑪麗經常感覺很累，對她來說集中精力學習很難。(It＋be＋adj.＋for sb＋to do)
My friend Mary often feels tired and _______________________________
______________.
2.事實證明，減肥藥造成了她的疲勞。(It＋be＋過去分詞＋that)
____________ that weight-loss medicine contributes to her tiredness.
Ⅱ.主題微寫作
it is difficult for her to concentrate
on her studies
It is proved
3.醫生警告說，這種藥對我們的健康有副作用。(that引導賓語從句)
The doctor warns _______________________________________________.
4.立即停止使用極端的方法來保持身材是必要的。(動名詞短語作主語)
____________________________________________________ is necessary.
5.此外，健康的飲食和規律的鍛煉可以幫助我們強身健體。(get into shape)
In addition，a healthy diet and regular exercise ______________________.
that this kind of medicine has a side effect on our health
Stopping using extreme methods to keep figure immediately
can help us get into shape
A
(2025·湖南多校聯考高一上期中)
Lack of sleep has been linked with some health problems.As a result，the National Sleep Foundation recommends that adults receive at least seven hours of shut-eye each night.
語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了睡眠對人們主觀年齡感知的影響及相關研究。
Ⅲ.主題語篇閱讀
Now，new research offers another reason to focus on nightly rest. According to results from Stockholm University，a few nights of fitful sleep can make you feel years older than you really are，while sleep with a consistent pattern in the same time and space can have the opposite effect，making you feel younger.
“Sleep has a main effect on how old you feel，and it’s not only your long-term sleep patterns，” says Balter，a co-author of the study.“Even when you only sleep less for two nights，that has a real effect on how you feel.” This feeling is known as “subjective age”.Previous studies have found that how old a person feels，both physically and mentally，may have a real effect on health and lifetime.
In the research，Balter and another sleep expert，John，first asked 429 people questions to check their past month of sleep.They found that with each day of bad sleep the average person had got in the past month，their “subjective age” increased by nearly three months.And those who had experienced no days of bad sleep said they felt an average of six years younger than their true age.
Next，they ran an experiment in which 186 volunteers experienced two consistent nights of bad sleep—a sleep limited to four hours per night，or two consistent nights of good sleep—nine hours of enough sleep.Then，each volunteer described their “subjective age”.After two nights of limited sleep，the volunteers reported feeling an average of 4.4 years older than their true age，while those with two nights of enough sleep felt an average of three months younger.
“If you protect your sleep，you can feel younger，” Balter says.“We know those who feel younger than their actual age live healthier and longer，so try to develop good sleep habits.”
1.What does the underlined word “fitful” in paragraph 1 mean
A.Irregular. B.Unexpected.
C.Enough. D.Proper.
√
詞義猜測題。根據第一段中的“According to results...opposite effect，making you feel younger.”可知while表對比，其后面說“持續的睡眠會讓人感覺更年輕”，那么，其前面說的應是“斷斷續續的睡眠會讓人感覺變老”，由此可知畫線詞的意思是“斷斷續續的”，與A項“不規律的，紊亂的”意義相近。故選A。
解析
2.What is the effect of sleeping less for two nights according to Balter
A.It improves people’s emotions.
B.It makes people feel much older.
C.It changes long-term sleep patterns.
D.It has no effect on “subjective age”.
細節理解題。根據第二段中Balter說的“Even when you only sleep less for two nights，that has a real effect on how you feel.”和第三段中的“They found that...by nearly three months.”可知，Balter認為兩晚的睡眠不足也會讓人感覺更老。故選B。
解析
√
3.How did Balter and John carry out their research into sleep
A.By making assumptions. B.By drawing comparisons.
C.By asking other experts. D.By checking historical data.
細節理解題。根據第三段中的“In the research，Balter and...younger than their true age.”和最后一句“After two nights of limited sleep，the volunteers...while those with...felt an average of three months younger.”可知，Balter和John通過對比在過去一個月內睡眠充足和睡眠不足的人、連續兩天睡眠充足和睡眠不足的志愿者對年齡的感知來進行研究，即Balter和John是通過對比來進行睡眠研究的。故選B。
解析
√
4.What does Balter want to do in the last paragraph
A.Make a suggestion.
B.Make a complaint.
C.Show his actual age.
D.Show his personal habit.
推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“...so try to develop good sleep habits.”可知，Balter在最后一段想給人們提建議，即養成良好的睡眠習慣。故選A。
解析
√
B(此篇精讀)
(2025·浙江金磚高中聯盟高一上期中)
As we age，the quality of our sleep experiences great changes，which are likely to increase our risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia(癡呆).A recent study has shown how the loss of slow-wave sleep—a very important stage for brain health—related to an increased risk of developing dementia over time.
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要闡述了深度睡眠減少與老年人癡呆風險增加之間的聯系，強調改善睡眠質量對預防認知衰退的重要性。
Slow-wave sleep，also known as deep sleep，is the third stage of the sleep cycle.It’s during this period that the brain experiences restorative processes(恢復過程)，including the clearance of the unwanted or materials that could make trouble，such as beta-amyloid protein.This protein is especially important for us to know about Alzheimer’s disease，the most common form of dementia.
In the study led by Matthew P.Pase，an associate professor of psychology and neurology at Monash University in Australia，researchers discovered that aging was related to a noticeable decrease in the amount of slow-wave sleep.Moreover，people experiencing greater declines in slow-wave sleep over time exhibited a higher risk of developing dementia over the next 17 years of follow-up.
Dr.Richard Isaacson，director of research at the Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases in Florida，stressed the importance of these findings.He highlighted that slow-wave sleep is considered the most restorative period for the brain.The study points up the importance of not just monitoring the total hours of sleep but also focusing on the quality of sleep to reduce the risk of cognitive(認知的) decline and dementia.
This research adds to the growing body of evidence suggesting that sleep quality plays an important role in maintaining cognitive health.As we continue to uncover the mysteries of sleep and its impact on the brain，actions aimed at improving sleep quality could possibly become a key factor in the prevention and management of dementia.
In conclusion，the study serves as a powerful reminder of the close connection between sleep and brain health.By highlighting sleep quality and seeking medical advice when experiencing sleep issues，people can take preventative steps towards safeguarding their cognitive well-being as they age.
5.What is the main focus of the study mentioned in the passage
A.Aging and sleep quality in relation to neurodegenerative diseases.
B.The effectiveness of various sleep medications for slow-wave sleep.
C.The role of diet in preventing dementia and other cognitive problems.
D.The benefits of physical exercise for improving sleep quality in older
adults.
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細節理解題。根據第一段“As we age，the quality of our sleep... developing dementia over time.”和第三段“In the study...researchers discovered that aging was related to...developing dementia over the next 17 years of follow-up.”可知，根據該研究，衰老與深度睡眠的顯著減少有關，而深度睡眠的減少與患神經退行性疾病(如癡呆)的風險增加有關，因此，該研究的重點是衰老和睡眠質量與神經退行性疾病之間的關系。故選A。
解析
6.Which of the following factors may lead to dementia
A.High-quality sleep. B.Harmful materials.
C.Beta-amyloid protein. D.A large amount of sleep.
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推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“It’s during this period that...such as beta-amyloid protein.This protein is especially important for us to know about Alzheimer’s disease，the most common form of dementia.”可知，大腦在恢復過程會清除β-淀粉樣蛋白，而β-淀粉樣蛋白又是了解一種癡呆癥的重要物質，可推知β-淀粉樣蛋白可能是導致癡呆的因素之一。故選C。
解析
7.What does the author suggest readers do
A.People should maintain a good living environment.
B.People should take measures to prevent the aging process.
C.People should be aware of the connection between sleep and brain well-being.
D.People should highlight seeking medical support as they notice health
problems.
推理判斷題。根據最后一段“In conclusion，the study serves as... safeguarding their cognitive well-being as they age.”可推知，作者建議人們應當意識到睡眠與腦健康之間的聯系，并及時處理睡眠問題以守護腦健康。故選C。
解析
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8.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.The Impact of Aging on Sleep Patterns
B.The Benefits of Deep Sleep for Brain Health
C.Highlighting Sleep Quality to Prevent Aging
D.Improving Sleep Quality to Guard Against Dementia
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標題歸納題。根據全文內容尤其是第一段和最后一段可知，文章主要說明了研究發現衰老會影響睡眠質量進而增加癡呆風險，并建議通過改善睡眠質量來預防癡呆。因此，選項D “提高睡眠質量以預防癡呆”最能概括文章的主旨，是文章的最佳標題。故選D。
解析
1.noticeable(派)＝notice＋able adj.明顯的，顯著的
2.decline n.衰退，衰落，減少，下降 vi.& vt.減少，下降，衰退，衰落；謝絕
3.follow-up(合)＝follow＋up n.后續行動，后續事物 adj.進一步的
4.uncover(派)＝un＋cover v.揭開
5.conclusion n.結論，推論；結束，結果；簽訂，達成
詞匯積累
It’s during this period that the brain experiences restorative processes，including the clearance of the unwanted or materials that could make trouble，such as beta-amyloid protein.
分析：It’s...that...是強調句型，第二個that引導限制性定語從句。
翻譯：正是在這個階段，大腦經歷恢復過程，包括清除那些不想要的或者可能制造麻煩的物質，例如β-淀粉樣蛋白。
句式分析
It was a bitter winter morning in Kennewick，Washington.
語篇解讀　這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了公交車司機Lunceford在一個寒冷的早晨，看到一個男孩因沒有手套和帽子，手和耳朵凍得通紅，他先是把自己的手套給了男孩，然后把學生送到學校后，去商店購買手套和帽子分發給有需要的學生的感人故事。
Ⅳ.完形填空
John Lunceford saw a crying child along his bus 1 to school.Tears rolled down the young boy’s cheeks as his bare hands and ears were 2 red because of the bitter cold.Lunceford took his 3 off，which he gave to the child，and said，“It’ll be OK.”
1.A.chain B.route C.trip D.duty
2.A.hardly B.simply C.completely D.truly
3.A.gloves B.glasses C.overcoat D.socks
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1.chain鏈條；route路線；trip旅行；duty義務。根據后文“to school”以及“along his bus route”可知，Lunceford在公交車行駛路線上看到了一個哭泣的孩子。故選B。
2.hardly幾乎不；simply僅僅；completely完全；truly真正。根據后文“because of the bitter cold”可知，因為嚴寒，男孩的手和耳朵都被完全凍紅了。故選C。
3.glove手套；glasses眼鏡；overcoat大衣；sock襪子。根據后文“buy ten sets of gloves and hats”可知，Lunceford買了手套和帽子，此時他是把自己的手套給了那個孩子。故選A。
解析
“I’m a grandfather.No one wants a kid to 4 like that，” Lunceford said.His heart 5 because of the poor child，knowing the 6 winter was still lying ahead.
4.A.work B.behave C.wait D.suffer
5.A.lost B.delivered C.ached D.changed
6.A.latest B.coldest C.hottest D.shortest
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4.work工作；behave表現；wait等待；suffer遭受。前文提到孩子的耳朵和手被凍紅，可知此處是指遭受痛苦。故選D。
5.lose丟失；deliver遞，送；ache疼痛；change改變。根據前后文“His heart...because of the poor child”可知，Lunceford為那個可憐的孩子感到心痛。故選C。
6.latest最新的；coldest最冷的；hottest最熱的；shortest最短的。根據后文“winter was still lying ahead”可知，此處是指冬天最寒冷的時候還沒到來。故選B。
解析
After 7 the kids at school，the three-year bus driver and former U.S.Army soldier went to the 8 to buy ten sets of gloves and hats.He returned to the 9 and determined to find the boy.
7.A.setting off B.showing off C.putting off D.dropping off
8.A.company B.store C.park D.bank
9.A.home B.school C.library D.station
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7.set off動身出發，燃放；show off炫耀；put off推遲；drop off放下，送到。根據后文“the kids at school”以及“the three-year bus driver”可知，此處是指把孩子送到學校，固定短語drop sb off意為“讓某人下車”。故選D。
8.company公司；store商店；park公園；bank銀行。根據后文“buy ten sets of gloves and hats”可知，此處是去商店買手套和帽子。故選B。
9.home家；school學校；library圖書館；station車站。根據后文“and determined to find the boy.A school worker”可知，Lunceford買了東西后又回到學校，想找到剛才那個男孩。故選B。
解析
A school worker 10 Lunceford to the library，where the boy was studying with his class.There Lunceford 11 the boy with a new pair of gloves and a hat.
10.A.attracted B.invited C.followed D.guided
11.A.disappointed B.annoyed C.surprised D.charged
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10.attract吸引；invite邀請；follow跟隨；guide帶領。根據后文“Lunceford to the library，where the boy was studying with his class”可知，一位學校工作人員帶領Lunceford去圖書館。故選D。
11.disappoint使失望；annoy使惱怒；surprise使驚奇；charge指責，控告。根據后文“the boy with a new pair of gloves and a hat”可知，Lunceford與男孩并不認識，卻來給他送手套和帽子，所以這個男孩覺得驚訝。故選C。
解析
But the little boy was just the 12 .Many other students would receive the 13 of their familiar bus driver.He announced to the students in the library that any child found without a hat or gloves along his bus route would be given a set.
12.A.beginning B.center C.attention D.end
13.A.comment B.prize C.kindness D.challenge
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12.beginning開始；center中心；attention注意力；end結束。根據后文“Many other students would receive the”可知，還有其他的學生得到了幫助，男孩只是個開始。故選A。
ment評論；prize獎品；kindness善意；challenge挑戰。根據語境可知，Lunceford給學生送帽子和手套，是一種善意。故選C。
解析
One little girl 14 said she didn’t have a hat.As Lunceford 15 her a comfortable hat，he smiled and said，“I’ll take care of you，sweetie.”
14.A.jokingly B.obviously C.finally D.immediately
15.A.handed B.promised C.made D.lent
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14.jokingly開玩笑地；obviously顯然；finally終于；immediately立即。根據前后文“One little girl said she didn’t have a hat.”可知，此處指女孩立即說自己沒有帽子。故選D。
15.hand遞給；promise承諾；make制作；lend借給。根據后文“her a comfortable hat”可知，Lunceford遞給女孩一頂舒適的帽子。故選A。
解析
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