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(共55張PPT)
Section Ⅲ 　Learning About Language
語法知識過關
內
容
索
引
課時測評作業
語 法 知 識 過 關
Grammar——表語從句
在主從復合句中充當表語的從句,叫作表語從句,常位于系動詞之后,用來說明主語是什么或怎么樣。常見引導表語從句的連接詞有:that、whether、what/whatever、who/whoever、when、where、why、because、as if/though等。
一、that引導的表語從句
[先感知]
The major contribution of this great explorer is that he “discovered” the New World.(譯林選三U3)
這位偉大的探險家的主要貢獻是他“發現”了新大陸。
[會發現]
句中是　　　　　　引導表語從句,在從句中不作任何成分。
that
[明規則]
連接詞that引導表語從句,在從句中不充當成分,無意義,但是不能省略。
The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime.(2024·浙江1月卷)
在線學習最明顯的優勢是你可以隨時隨地學習。
小題集訓　用適當的連接詞填空
①What surprised me most was 　　　　　　　 the thin girl should have won three gold medals.
②His suggestion was 　　　　　　all the old people should be taken good care of by the government.
that
that
二、whether引導的表語從句
[先感知]
①The issue is whether we should take part in the speech competition.(譯林選三U3)
問題是我們是否應該參加演講比賽。
②His first question was whether rescue workers had arrived yet.
他的第一個問題是救援人員是否已經到達。
[會發現]
句①、②中　　　　　　均引導表語從句,在從句中不作成分,意為“　　　　　　”。
[明規則]
1.whether引導表語從句時在從句中不作任何成分,whether意為“是否”。
2.if不能引導表語從句。
whether
是否
小題集訓　補全句子
①Our common concern is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我們共同的擔心是人工智能是否會取代人類。
②The question,however,is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
然而,問題是,這是否是發展中國家最需要的。
whether AI will take the place
of human beings
whether this is what the
developing countries need the most
三、連接代詞引導的表語從句
[先感知]
①Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.　動機是你做好工作最需要的東西。
②The problem is who is really fit for the hard job.
問題是誰真正適合做這份艱苦的工作。
[會發現]
句①中　　　　　　引導表語從句,在從句中作　　　　　　　　　,意為“……的東西”;句②中　　　　　　引導表語從句,在從句中作主語,意為“　　　　　　”。
[明規則]
連接代詞who(ever)、whom(ever)、whose、what(ever)、which(ever)引導表語從句時,該類連接詞在從句中作主語、賓語、表語、定語等。
what
賓語
who
誰
小題集訓　用適當的連接詞填空
①This is 　　　　　　my teacher has taught me—always to be honest and I am.
②The problem is 　　　　　　can take the place of Jim.
③What I want to know is 　　　　　　words are helpful.
what
who
whose
四、連接副詞引導的表語從句
[先感知]
①That is why when the stars are out,they are visible,but when the lights are out,they are invisible.(外研必一U2)
那就是星星出來時,它們可以被看到,但是當燈熄滅后,它們不能被看到的原因。
②The age of eight was when he started training in Peking Opera on a daily basis.(外研選三U2)
八歲時,他開始每天練習京劇。
[會發現]
句①中　　　　　　引導表語從句,在從句中作　　　　　　　　　,意為“……的原因”;句②中　　　　　　　　　引導表語從句,在從句中作　　　　　　,意為“……的時間”。
[明規則]
連接副詞when、where、how引導表語從句時,除在句中起連接作用外,在從句中往往作時間、地點、方式狀語。
why
狀語
when
狀語
小題集訓　用適當的連接詞填空
①My problem is 　　　　　　we can finish such a difficult task in three days.It’s simply impossible.
②The question is 　　　　　　he can arrive at the hotel.
③You are saying that everyone has already had equal rights,and this is 　　　　　　　 I disagree.
how
when/how
where
五、why與because引導的表語從句
[先感知]
①I didn’t phone her,and that’s why she got angry with me.
我沒有給她打電話,那就是她生我氣的原因。(強調她生氣這一結果)
②I didn’t phone her,and that’s because I got angry with her.
我沒有給她打電話,那是因為我生她的氣。(強調沒打電話的原因)
③The reason why I didn’t reply in time was that I went on a trip with my parents last weekend.
我沒有及時答復的原因是上周末我和父母去旅行了。
[會發現]
句①、②中的why、because均引導　　　　　從句;句③中的reason作主語,其表語從句由　　　　　引導,why引導　　　　　從句。
[明規則]
1.why與because引導表語從句的區別
“This/That is why...”意為“這/那是……的原因”,強調結果;“This/That is because...”意為“這/那是因為……”,強調原因。
2.reason作主語時的表語從句
reason作主語時,表語從句的連接詞往往是that,一般不用because。
表語
that
定語
小題集訓　補全句子
①David was injured in the training.　　　　　　　　　　 he didn’t take part in the Olympic Games.
大衛在訓練中受傷了,那就是他沒有參加奧運會的原因。
②He did not see the film last night.　　　　　　　　　　　　 he had to help his little sister with her homework.
昨天晚上他沒去看電影。那是因為他得幫他的妹妹做作業。
That was why
That was because
③The reason
he was ill.
他缺席會議的原因是他病了。
why he was absent from the meeting was that
六、as if/though引導的表語從句
[先感知]
①Reading this book made me feel as if I’d been woken up from a long sleep and finally opened my eyes to the world!(外研選四U2)
讀這本書讓我感覺好像從漫長的睡眠中醒來,終于睜開了眼睛看世界!
②It looks as if it is going to rain.I need to rush to the classrooms whose windows are open.(譯林選四U2)
看起來好像要下雨了。我得趕緊去那些窗戶開著的教室。
[會發現]
句①中as if引導表語從句,從句用　　　　　　;句②中as if引導表語從句,從句用　　　　　　。
[明規則]
(1)as if/though引導的表語從句常置于系動詞seem、appear、look、taste、sound、feel等之后。
虛擬語氣
陳述語氣
(2)當說話者認為所述真實或極有可能發生時,as if從句用陳述語氣;當說話者認為所述不是事實或發生的可能性不大時,從句用虛擬語氣。用法如下:
①若表示與現在事實相反的假設,從句謂語用一般過去時(be 用were);
②若表示與過去事實相反的假設,從句謂語用過去完成時;
③若表示與將來事實相反的假設,從句謂語用“would/could/might+動詞原形”。
小題集訓　單句語法填空
①I felt as if my head 　　　　　　(be)splitting.
②It looks as if he 　　　　　　(be) looking for something.
were
is
課 時 測 評 作 業
基礎語境練
素能提升練
[基礎語境練]
維度一　單句語法填空(每小題1分,共10分)
1.The energy is 　　　　　　　　makes the cells able to do their work.
2.What he really means is 　　　　　　　　he disagrees with us.
3.Your dictionary is still 　　　　　　　　you put it yesterday.
4.He looks 　　　　　　　　he is ill from his pale face.
what
that
where
as if/though
5.I drove to Zhuhai last week and that was 　　　　　　　　I had a few days off.
6.The question discussed at the meeting was 　　　　　　　　it was worth trying.
7.We should love our school because this is 　　　　　　　　we live and study every day.
8.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella.That is 　　　　　　　　I got wet through.
why
whether
where
why
9.You always make the same mistakes in the exams.I think that is
　　　　　　　　you are too nervous.
10.The reason why Hollywood was a good place for making movies was 　　　　　　　 the sun shines there every day.
because
that
維度二　語法與寫作(每小題2分,共12分)
1.I am wild with joy. held last Sunday.
我非常高興。這是因為我已在上周日舉行的演講比賽中獲得一等獎。
2. in English.
這就是她毫不費力用英語與外國人交流的原因。
This is because I have won first prize in
the speech competition
This is why she has no difficulty (in) communicating with
foreigners
3.
to protect the environment.
我的建議是我們應該為了保護環境過低碳生活。
4.I enjoy the rhythm of the exercise a lot and
.
我非常喜歡運動的節奏,感覺我好像在一個美麗的舞臺上跳舞。
My suggestion is that we (should) live a low-carbon life
I feel as if I were dancing on a beautiful stage
5.The most important thing is .
最重要的事情是我可以放松并欣賞美麗的景色。
6.Respecting others is
when getting along with others.
與人相處時,尊重他人是我們應該重視的。
that I can relax and enjoy
the beautiful scenery
what we should value
維度三　語段翻譯(每小題2分,共8分)
盡可能多地運用表語從句翻譯下列語段
Tears of sadness poured down my cheeks.This was 1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.It seemed 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.The key problem was that I completely lost confidence.Luckily,my English teacher’s suggestion was 3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. The most important was 4. . Gradually,a smile appeared on my face again.
because I failed the English exam
as if I were thrown into the world of hopelessness
that I (should) memorize more words
how I could apply what I learned
to practice
悲傷的淚水順著我的臉頰流淌。這是因為我英語沒考及格。似乎我陷入絕望的世界。關鍵問題是我完全失去了信心。幸運的是,我英語老師的建議是我應該多記單詞。最重要的是我如何把所學的東西應用到實踐中。逐漸地,我臉上又露出了笑容。
維度四　語法與語篇(每小題1.5分,共10.5分)
閱讀下面短文,用適當的連接詞填空。
The fact is 1.　　　　　　　　　　 Wendy was a famous writer, but no one knew where she came from and the question remained
2.　　　　　　　　　 she was born in 1961.What they did know was 3.　　　　　　　　 she was loved by poor people because she always helped whoever was in need of money. Despite this,some people thought she was chasing fame.Why they were so narrow-minded was
that
whether
that
4.　　　　　　　　 Wendy couldn’t understand,but it seemed
5.　　　　　　　　 she didn’t care.The most important thing was
6.　　　　　　　　 she just wanted to do whatever she thought was right.She thought that was 7.　　　　　　　　 the meaning of life lay.
what
as if
that
where
[素能提升練]
Ⅰ.閱讀理解(每小題2.5分,共10分)
China’s Chang’e 6 probe returned on Earth with rock and soil samples from the little-explored far side of the moon in a global first.
The probe landed in the Inner Mongolian region in northern China on Tuesday afternoon.
“I now declare that the Chang’e 6 Lunar Exploration Mission achieved complete success,” Zhang Kejian,director of the China National Space Administration,said in a televised news conference after the landing.
Chinese scientists anticipate the returned samples will include 2.5 million-year-old volcanic rock and other material that scientists hope will answer questions about geographic differences on the moon’s two sides.
The near side is what is seen from Earth,and the far side faces outer space.The far side is also known to have mountains and impact craters (坑),contrasting with the relatively flat expanses visible on the near side.
The probe had landed in the moon’s South Pole—Aitken Basin,an impact crater created more than 4 billion years ago.The samples scientists are expecting will likely come from different layers of the basin,which will bear traces of the different geological events across its long chronology (年表),such as when the moon was younger and had an active inside that could produce volcanic rock.
China in recent years has launched multiple successful missions to the moon,collecting samples from the moon’s near side with the Chang’e 5 probe previously.
They are also hoping that the probe will return with material that bears traces of meteorite (隕石) strikes from the moon’s past.That material could shed light on the solar system’s early days.There’s a theory that the moon acted as a vacuum (真空) cleaner of sorts, attracting all the meteorites in the system’s earlier era so that they didn’t hit Earth,said Richard de Grijs,who is also executive director at the International Space Science Institute.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了嫦娥六號探測器首次帶回月球背面的巖石和土壤樣本。
1.What makes Chang’e 6’s mission unique in lunar exploration history
A.Landing on the moon’s South Pole.
B.Confirming lunar water presence.
C.Collecting the moon’s far-side samples.
D.Returning samples from the near side.
√
解析　細節理解題。根據第一段“China’s Chang’e 6 probe returned on Earth with rock and soil samples from the little-explored far side of the moon in a global first.”可知,嫦娥六號探測器帶回月球背面的巖石和土壤樣本,這是全球首次,這使得嫦娥六號的任務在月球探測史上獨一無二。故選C。
2.What may distinguish the moon’s far side from its near side
A.Fewer craters. B.Earth visibility.
C.Rough lands. D.Plains dominance.
解析　細節理解題。根據第五段“The far side is also known to have mountains and impact craters (坑),contrasting with the relatively flat expanses visible on the near side.”可知,遠側有山和撞擊坑,即遠側地面高低不平。故選C。
√
3.What might the Chang’e 6’s samples help to know
A.Lunar internal activity. B.Origin of the moon.
C.Moon’s formation timeline. D.Earth’s impact on the moon.
解析　推理判斷題。根據第四段“Chinese scientists anticipate the... on the moon’s two sides.”以及第六段“The samples scientists are expecting will likely come from different layers of the basin,...”可知,科學家希望這些物質能夠回答有關月球兩側地理差異的問題,這些樣本可能來自盆地的不同層,樣本可能有助于了解月球的內部活動。故選A。
√
4.What role might the moon have played in the early solar system according to Richard de Grijs
A.Creating the solar system.
B.Causing meteorites to form.
C.Attracting meteorites for study.
D.Protecting Earth from meteorites.
解析　細節理解題。根據最后一段“There’s a theory that...at the International Space Science Institute.”可知,根據Richard de Grijs的說法,月球在早期太陽系中可能吸引了所有隕石,防止它們撞擊地球,即保護地球免受早期太陽系中隕石的撞擊。故選D。
√
Ⅱ.語法填空(每小題1.5分,共15分)
Baduanjin,a form of 1.　　　　　　 (fit),has been popular with Chinese younger people thanks to its health benefits.
Last year,fashion designer Jiang Xi took up Baduanjin.She posted videos of her practicing Baduanjin on social media,and attracted more than 10,000 followers in four months.Most of her followers 2.　　　　　　 (age) between 20 to 30.“3._____________ practicing Baduanjin,all you need to do is to focus on your body and
health,moving slowly in 4.　　　　　　 comfortable rhythm,and liberate yourself from the anxiety of living alone in big cities,” said Jiang Xi.Under her influence and persuasion,Jiang Xi’s older brother Jiang Nan also became a vlogger of Baduanjin.5.　　　　　　 (live) in different cities,the siblings (兄弟姐妹) have found new kinship ties in Baduanjin.
Every week,a group of youngers practice Taichi by the lake in Xiaogang Park of Guangzhou city,south China’s Guangdong Province. Feng Junhua is the organizer of martial arts practicing.He gathers youngsters 6.　　　　　　　　　 (interest) in martial arts and health maintenance,and finds a 7.　　　　　　 (delight) place in the park to relax their bodies.“Practicing martial arts is low-cost and people are free 8.　　　　　　 the burden of socializing.These factors attract young people in the metropolis to participate.” said Feng.
Traditional Chinese culture requires the inheritance of young
9.　　　　　　 (generation).Young people are seeking their inner “order” in an evolving world.Traditional martial arts have brought a concrete and natural way of life in line with their inner selves.They are 10.　　　　　　 young people and traditional Chinese culture blend (融合).
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了八段錦這種健身方式。
1.fitness　[考查詞性轉換。句意:八段錦是一種健身方式,由于其對健康的好處,在中國年輕人中很受歡迎。作介詞的賓語,應用名詞,故填fitness。]
2.are aged　[考查動詞的時態、語態和主謂一致。句意:她的大多數粉絲年齡在20到30歲之間。表示“年齡為”短語為be aged,此處陳述事實用一般現在時,主語為Most of her followers,謂語用復數。故填are aged。]
3.While/When　[考查狀語從句。句意:“在練習八段錦時,你所需要做的就是關注自己的身體和健康,以舒適的節奏慢慢移動,把自己從大城市獨自生活的焦慮中解放出來?！币龑r間狀語從句,表示“當……時候”且位于句首,應用While/When。故填While/When。]
4.a　[考查冠詞。此處rhythm為泛指,且comfortable是發音以輔音音素開頭的單詞。故填a。]
5.Living　[考查非謂語動詞。句意:生活在不同城市,這對兄妹在八段錦找到了新的血緣關系。此處live與siblings構成主謂關系,故用動詞-ing形式作狀語,首字母大寫。故填Living。]
6.interested　[考查詞性轉換。句意:他聚集了對武術和養生感興趣的年輕人,在公園里找了一個令人愉快的地方放松身體。修飾名詞youngsters,指人,應用形容詞interested作后置定語。故填interested。]
7.delightful　[考查詞性轉換。修飾名詞place應用形容詞delightful,故填delightful。]
8.from/of　[考查介詞。句意:練習武術成本低,而且人們可以擺脫社交的負擔。短語be free from/of表示“擺脫”。故填from/of。]
9.generations　[考查名詞的單復數。句意:中國傳統文化需要年輕一代的傳承。此處數量大于一,應用generation的復數形式表示泛指。故填generations。]
10.where　[考查名詞性從句。句意:他們是年輕人和中國傳統文化融合的地方。引導表語從句,從句缺少地點狀語,故填where。]Section Ⅲ　Learning About Language
Grammar——表語從句
在主從復合句中充當表語的從句,叫作表語從句,常位于系動詞之后,用來說明主語是什么或怎么樣。常見引導表語從句的連接詞有:that、whether、what/whatever、who/whoever、when、where、why、because、as if/though等。
一、that引導的表語從句
[先感知]
The major contribution of this great explorer is that he “discovered” the New World.(譯林選三U3)
這位偉大的探險家的主要貢獻是他“發現”了新大陸。
[會發現]
句中是that引導表語從句,在從句中不作任何成分。
[明規則]
連接詞that引導表語從句,在從句中不充當成分,無意義,但是不能省略。
The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime.(2024·浙江1月卷)
在線學習最明顯的優勢是你可以隨時隨地學習。
小題集訓　用適當的連接詞填空
①What surprised me most was that the thin girl should have won three gold medals.
②His suggestion was that all the old people should be taken good care of by the government.
二、whether引導的表語從句
[先感知]
①The issue is whether we should take part in the speech competition.(譯林選三U3)
問題是我們是否應該參加演講比賽。
②His first question was whether rescue workers had arrived yet.
他的第一個問題是救援人員是否已經到達。
[會發現]
句①、②中whether均引導表語從句,在從句中不作成分,意為“是否”。
[明規則]
1.whether引導表語從句時在從句中不作任何成分,whether意為“是否”。
2.if不能引導表語從句。
小題集訓　補全句子
①Our common concern is whether AI will take the place of human beings.
我們共同的擔心是人工智能是否會取代人類。
②The question,however,is whether this is what the developing countries need the most.
然而,問題是,這是否是發展中國家最需要的。
三、連接代詞引導的表語從句
[先感知]
①Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
動機是你做好工作最需要的東西。
②The problem is who is really fit for the hard job.
問題是誰真正適合做這份艱苦的工作。
[會發現]
句①中what引導表語從句,在從句中作賓語,意為“……的東西”;句②中who引導表語從句,在從句中作主語,意為“誰”。
[明規則]
連接代詞who(ever)、whom(ever)、whose、what(ever)、which(ever)引導表語從句時,該類連接詞在從句中作主語、賓語、表語、定語等。
小題集訓　用適當的連接詞填空
①This is what my teacher has taught me—always to be honest and I am.
②The problem is who can take the place of Jim.
③What I want to know is whose words are helpful.
四、連接副詞引導的表語從句
[先感知]
①That is why when the stars are out,they are visible,but when the lights are out,they are invisible.(外研必一U2)
那就是星星出來時,它們可以被看到,但是當燈熄滅后,它們不能被看到的原因。
②The age of eight was when he started training in Peking Opera on a daily basis.(外研選三U2)
八歲時,他開始每天練習京劇。
[會發現]
句①中why引導表語從句,在從句中作狀語,意為“……的原因”;句②中when引導表語從句,在從句中作狀語,意為“……的時間”。
[明規則]
連接副詞when、where、how引導表語從句時,除在句中起連接作用外,在從句中往往作時間、地點、方式狀語。
小題集訓　用適當的連接詞填空
①My problem is how we can finish such a difficult task in three days.It’s simply impossible.
②The question is when/how he can arrive at the hotel.
③You are saying that everyone has already had equal rights,and this is where I disagree.
五、why與because引導的表語從句
[先感知]
①I didn’t phone her,and that’s why she got angry with me.
我沒有給她打電話,那就是她生我氣的原因。(強調她生氣這一結果)
②I didn’t phone her,and that’s because I got angry with her.
我沒有給她打電話,那是因為我生她的氣。(強調沒打電話的原因)
③The reason why I didn’t reply in time was that I went on a trip with my parents last weekend.
我沒有及時答復的原因是上周末我和父母去旅行了。
[會發現]
句①、②中的why、because均引導表語從句;
句③中的reason作主語,其表語從句由that引導,why引導定語從句。
[明規則]
1.why與because引導表語從句的區別
“This/That is why...”意為“這/那是……的原因”,強調結果;“This/That is because...”意為“這/那是因為……”,強調原因。
2.reason作主語時的表語從句
reason作主語時,表語從句的連接詞往往是that,一般不用because。
小題集訓　補全句子
①David was injured in the training.That was why he didn’t take part in the Olympic Games.
大衛在訓練中受傷了,那就是他沒有參加奧運會的原因。
②He did not see the film last night.That was because he had to help his little sister with her homework.
昨天晚上他沒去看電影。那是因為他得幫他的妹妹做作業。
③The reason why he was absent from the meeting was that he was ill.
他缺席會議的原因是他病了。
六、as if/though引導的表語從句
[先感知]
①Reading this book made me feel as if I’d been woken up from a long sleep and finally opened my eyes to the world!(外研選四U2)
讀這本書讓我感覺好像從漫長的睡眠中醒來,終于睜開了眼睛看世界!
②It looks as if it is going to rain.I need to rush to the classrooms whose windows are open.(譯林選四U2)
看起來好像要下雨了。我得趕緊去那些窗戶開著的教室。
[會發現]
句①中as if引導表語從句,從句用虛擬語氣;句②中as if引導表語從句,從句用陳述語氣。
[明規則]
(1)as if/though引導的表語從句常置于系動詞seem、appear、look、taste、sound、feel等之后。
(2)當說話者認為所述真實或極有可能發生時,as if從句用陳述語氣;當說話者認為所述不是事實或發生的可能性不大時,從句用虛擬語氣。用法如下:
①若表示與現在事實相反的假設,從句謂語用一般過去時(be 用were);
②若表示與過去事實相反的假設,從句謂語用過去完成時;
③若表示與將來事實相反的假設,從句謂語用“would/could/might+動詞原形”。
小題集訓　單句語法填空
①I felt as if my head were(be)splitting.
②It looks as if he is (be) looking for something.
[基礎語境練]
維度一　單句語法填空(每小題1分,共10分)
1.The energy is what makes the cells able to do their work.
2.What he really means is that he disagrees with us.
3.Your dictionary is still where you put it yesterday.
4.He looks as if/though he is ill from his pale face.
5.I drove to Zhuhai last week and that was why I had a few days off.
6.The question discussed at the meeting was whether it was worth trying.
7.We should love our school because this is where we live and study every day.
8.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella.That is why I got wet through.
9.You always make the same mistakes in the exams.I think that is because you are too nervous.
10.The reason why Hollywood was a good place for making movies was that the sun shines there every day.
維度二　語法與寫作(每小題2分,共12分)
1.I am wild with joy.This is because I have won first prize in the speech competition held last Sunday.
我非常高興。這是因為我已在上周日舉行的演講比賽中獲得一等獎。
2. This is why she has no difficulty (in) communicating with foreigners in English.
這就是她毫不費力用英語與外國人交流的原因。
3. My suggestion is that we (should) live a low-carbon life to protect the environment.
我的建議是我們應該為了保護環境過低碳生活。
4.I enjoy the rhythm of the exercise a lot and I feel as if I were dancing on a beautiful stage.
我非常喜歡運動的節奏,感覺我好像在一個美麗的舞臺上跳舞。
5.The most important thing is that I can relax and enjoy the beautiful scenery.
最重要的事情是我可以放松并欣賞美麗的景色。
6.Respecting others is what we should value when getting along with others.
與人相處時,尊重他人是我們應該重視的。
維度三　語段翻譯(每小題2分,共8分)
盡可能多地運用表語從句翻譯下列語段
Tears of sadness poured down my cheeks.This was 1.because I failed the English exam.It seemed 2.as if I were thrown into the world of hopelessness.The key problem was that I completely lost confidence.Luckily,my English teacher’s suggestion was 3.that I (should) memorize more words.The most important was 4.how I could apply what I learned to practice.Gradually,a smile appeared on my face again.
悲傷的淚水順著我的臉頰流淌。這是因為我英語沒考及格。似乎我陷入絕望的世界。關鍵問題是我完全失去了信心。幸運的是,我英語老師的建議是我應該多記單詞。最重要的是我如何把所學的東西應用到實踐中。逐漸地,我臉上又露出了笑容。
維度四　語法與語篇(每小題1.5分,共10.5分)
閱讀下面短文,用適當的連接詞填空。
The fact is 1.that Wendy was a famous writer,but no one knew where she came from and the question remained 2.whether she was born in 1961.What they did know was 3.that she was loved by poor people because she always helped whoever was in need of money.Despite this,some people thought she was chasing fame.Why they were so narrow-minded was 4.what Wendy couldn’t understand,but it seemed 5.as if she didn’t care.The most important thing was 6.that she just wanted to do whatever she thought was right.She thought that was 7.where the meaning of life lay.
[素能提升練]
Ⅰ.閱讀理解(每小題2.5分,共10分)
China’s Chang’e 6 probe returned on Earth with rock and soil samples from the little-explored far side of the moon in a global first.
The probe landed in the Inner Mongolian region in northern China on Tuesday afternoon.
“I now declare that the Chang’e 6 Lunar Exploration Mission achieved complete success,” Zhang Kejian,director of the China National Space Administration,said in a televised news conference after the landing.
Chinese scientists anticipate the returned samples will include 2.5 million-year-old volcanic rock and other material that scientists hope will answer questions about geographic differences on the moon’s two sides.
The near side is what is seen from Earth,and the far side faces outer space.The far side is also known to have mountains and impact craters (坑),contrasting with the relatively flat expanses visible on the near side.
The probe had landed in the moon’s South Pole—Aitken Basin,an impact crater created more than 4 billion years ago.The samples scientists are expecting will likely come from different layers of the basin,which will bear traces of the different geological events across its long chronology (年表),such as when the moon was younger and had an active inside that could produce volcanic rock.
China in recent years has launched multiple successful missions to the moon,collecting samples from the moon’s near side with the Chang’e 5 probe previously.
They are also hoping that the probe will return with material that bears traces of meteorite (隕石) strikes from the moon’s past.That material could shed light on the solar system’s early days.There’s a theory that the moon acted as a vacuum (真空) cleaner of sorts,attracting all the meteorites in the system’s earlier era so that they didn’t hit Earth,said Richard de Grijs,who is also executive director at the International Space Science Institute.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了嫦娥六號探測器首次帶回月球背面的巖石和土壤樣本。
1.What makes Chang’e 6’s mission unique in lunar exploration history
A.Landing on the moon’s South Pole.
B.Confirming lunar water presence.
C.Collecting the moon’s far-side samples.
D.Returning samples from the near side.
答案　C　[細節理解題。根據第一段“China’s Chang’e 6 probe returned on Earth with rock and soil samples from the little-explored far side of the moon in a global first.”可知,嫦娥六號探測器帶回月球背面的巖石和土壤樣本,這是全球首次,這使得嫦娥六號的任務在月球探測史上獨一無二。故選C。]
2.What may distinguish the moon’s far side from its near side
A.Fewer craters.
B.Earth visibility.
C.Rough lands.
D.Plains dominance.
答案　C　[細節理解題。根據第五段“The far side is also known to have mountains and impact craters (坑),contrasting with the relatively flat expanses visible on the near side.”可知,遠側有山和撞擊坑,即遠側地面高低不平。故選C。]
3.What might the Chang’e 6’s samples help to know
A.Lunar internal activity.
B.Origin of the moon.
C.Moon’s formation timeline.
D.Earth’s impact on the moon.
答案　A　[推理判斷題。根據第四段“Chinese scientists anticipate the...on the moon’s two sides.”以及第六段“The samples scientists are expecting will likely come from different layers of the basin,...”可知,科學家希望這些物質能夠回答有關月球兩側地理差異的問題,這些樣本可能來自盆地的不同層,樣本可能有助于了解月球的內部活動。故選A。]
4.What role might the moon have played in the early solar system according to Richard de Grijs
A.Creating the solar system.
B.Causing meteorites to form.
C.Attracting meteorites for study.
D.Protecting Earth from meteorites.
答案　D　[細節理解題。根據最后一段“There’s a theory that...at the International Space Science Institute.”可知,根據Richard de Grijs的說法,月球在早期太陽系中可能吸引了所有隕石,防止它們撞擊地球,即保護地球免受早期太陽系中隕石的撞擊。故選D。]
Ⅱ.語法填空(每小題1.5分,共15分)
Baduanjin,a form of 1.　　　　　　 (fit),has been popular with Chinese younger people thanks to its health benefits.
Last year,fashion designer Jiang Xi took up Baduanjin.She posted videos of her practicing Baduanjin on social media,and attracted more than 10,000 followers in four months.Most of her followers 2.　　　　　　 (age) between 20 to 30.“3.　　　　　　 practicing Baduanjin,all you need to do is to focus on your body and health,moving slowly in 4.　　　　　　 comfortable rhythm,and liberate yourself from the anxiety of living alone in big cities,” said Jiang Xi.Under her influence and persuasion,Jiang Xi’s older brother Jiang Nan also became a vlogger of Baduanjin.5.　　　　　　 (live) in different cities,the siblings (兄弟姐妹) have found new kinship ties in Baduanjin.
Every week,a group of youngers practice Taichi by the lake in Xiaogang Park of Guangzhou city,south China’s Guangdong Province.Feng Junhua is the organizer of martial arts practicing.He gathers youngsters 6.　　　　　　　　　 (interest) in martial arts and health maintenance,and finds a 7.　　　　　　 (delight) place in the park to relax their bodies.“Practicing martial arts is low-cost and people are free 8.　　　　　　 the burden of socializing.These factors attract young people in the metropolis to participate.” said Feng.
Traditional Chinese culture requires the inheritance of young 9.　　　　　　 (generation).Young people are seeking their inner “order” in an evolving world.Traditional martial arts have brought a concrete and natural way of life in line with their inner selves.They are 10.　　　　　　 young people and traditional Chinese culture blend (融合).
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了八段錦這種健身方式。
1.fitness　[考查詞性轉換。句意:八段錦是一種健身方式,由于其對健康的好處,在中國年輕人中很受歡迎。作介詞的賓語,應用名詞,故填fitness。]
2.are aged　[考查動詞的時態、語態和主謂一致。句意:她的大多數粉絲年齡在20到30歲之間。表示“年齡為”短語為be aged,此處陳述事實用一般現在時,主語為Most of her followers,謂語用復數。故填are aged。]
3.While/When　[考查狀語從句。句意:“在練習八段錦時,你所需要做的就是關注自己的身體和健康,以舒適的節奏慢慢移動,把自己從大城市獨自生活的焦慮中解放出來?！币龑r間狀語從句,表示“當……時候”且位于句首,應用While/When。故填While/When。]
4.a　[考查冠詞。此處rhythm為泛指,且comfortable是發音以輔音音素開頭的單詞。故填a。]
5.Living　[考查非謂語動詞。句意:生活在不同城市,這對兄妹在八段錦找到了新的血緣關系。此處live與siblings構成主謂關系,故用動詞-ing形式作狀語,首字母大寫。故填Living。]
6.interested　[考查詞性轉換。句意:他聚集了對武術和養生感興趣的年輕人,在公園里找了一個令人愉快的地方放松身體。修飾名詞youngsters,指人,應用形容詞interested作后置定語。故填interested。]
7.delightful　[考查詞性轉換。修飾名詞place應用形容詞delightful,故填delightful。]
8.from/of　[考查介詞。句意:練習武術成本低,而且人們可以擺脫社交的負擔。短語be free from/of表示“擺脫”。故填from/of。]
9.generations　[考查名詞的單復數。句意:中國傳統文化需要年輕一代的傳承。此處數量大于一,應用generation的復數形式表示泛指。故填generations。]
10.where　[考查名詞性從句。句意:他們是年輕人和中國傳統文化融合的地方。引導表語從句,從句缺少地點狀語,故填where。]

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