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(共55張PPT)
Section Ⅲ 　Learning About Language
語法知識過關
內
容
索
引
課時測評作業
語 法 知 識 過 關
Grammar——復習名詞性從句
在句中起名詞作用的從句叫名詞性從句。名詞性從句包括主語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句、表語從句四類。
一、主語從句
[先感知]
①That Hubble is based in space allows it to see further than ground-based telescopes, and it allows scientists to learn more about the universe.(譯林選必三U2)
哈勃望遠鏡位于太空中,這使它比地面望遠鏡看得更遠,也使科學家能夠更多地了解宇宙。
②It is clear that telescopes are crucial tools for space exploration...
顯而易見,望遠鏡是太空探索的重要工具……
③Whether life on other planets does exist is yet to be proved, but the signs are promising.(譯林選必三U2)
其他星球上是否存在生命還有待證實,但這些跡象很有希望。
④Ma Xu is a famous paratrooper.What impress me most are her courage, skill and determination.(外研選必三U1)
馬旭是一位著名的傘兵。給我印象最深的是她的勇氣、技巧和決心。
⑤How he can learn to appreciate Chinese culture remains an important goal for him.
學會如何欣賞中國文化對他來說仍然是一個重要目標。
[會發現]
句①中的That引導　　　　　　, 不可省略, 在從句中不作任何成分;句②中的It作　　　　　　　　　,把that引導的主語從句后置;句③中的　　　　　引導主語從句, 在從句中不作任何成分。句④中的What引導主語從句, 在從句中作　　　　　;句⑤中的How引導主語從句, 在從句中作　　　　　　。
主語從句
形式主語
Whether
主語
狀語
[明規則]
1.that引導的主語從句
(1)that引導主語從句時,在從句中不作任何成分,也沒有意義,但不可省略。
(2)that引導主語從句時可用it作形式主語,把that引導的主語從句后置,that不可省略。常見句式主要有以下幾種:
①It+be+形容詞(necessary、important、certain、clear等)+that從句
②It+be+名詞短語(a pity、a shame、a fact、an honour等)+that從句
③It+be+過去分詞(said、told、heard、reported等)+that從句
④It+特殊動詞或短語(seem、appear、turn out、occur to等)+that從句
2.whether引導主語從句時,在從句中不作任何成分,但有具體的含義,意為“是否”。
主語從句位于主句謂語動詞前,表示“是否”,只能用whether。若用it作形式主語,則whether與if可互換。
3.wh-類連接詞引導的主語從句
wh-類連接詞包括連接代詞(who、whom、whose、what、whoever、whomever、whatever等)和連接副詞(when、where、why、how、whenever、wherever、however等)。
連接代詞和連接副詞引導主語從句時既充當句子成分又有具體意義,且不可省略。
小題集訓　補全句子
①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 doesn’t matter as long as we try our best.
只要我們盡了最大努力,能否贏得比賽并不重要。
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 is that most students feel nervous like you.
你應記住的是大部分學生像你一樣感到緊張。
Whether we can win the contest or not
What you should keep in mind
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 makes no difference.
我們在哪兒開會都無所謂。
④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in the Asian Winter Games held in Harbin made all of us proud.
中國在哈爾濱亞洲冬季運動會上榮獲32枚金牌,這讓我們很自豪。
Where we shall have the meeting
That China won 32 gold medals
二、賓語從句
[先感知]
①Research also suggests that those natural disasters may have led to the decline of the Maya.(外研選必四U5)
研究也表明,那些自然災害可能導致了瑪雅文明的衰落。
②I thought it strange that my teacher could not show me love.
(北師大選必二U5)
我覺得很奇怪的是我的老師不能向我表示什么是愛。
③I don’t know whether/if the report is true.
我不知道這篇報道是否屬實。
④As he proudly signed his name at the bottom of the page, Beethoven tried to imagine how people would respond when they heard it for the first time.
貝多芬自豪地在頁面底部署下名字,同時努力想象人們第一次聽到它時會有什么反應。
⑤A modern city has been set up in what was once a wasteland.
一座現代化的城市已經在曾是廢墟的地方建起來了。
[會發現]
句①中的that引導　　　　　　　　　從句,在句中不作成分;句②中的it作　　　　　　　　,將真正的賓語從句后置;句③中,引導賓語從句的　　　　　和　　　　　　可以互換;句④中的連接副詞how引導賓語從句,并在從句中作　　　　　　;句⑤中的連接代詞what引導賓語從句,并在從句中作　　　　　　。
賓語
形式賓語
whether
if
狀語
主語
[明規則]
1.that引導的賓語從句
(1)that引導賓語從句時在從句中不作任何成分,也沒有意義,在口語中一般可以省略。
動詞后跟有多個that引導的賓語從句時,只有第一個that可以省略,從第二個從句開始that不可省略。
He told me (that) he had to leave and that he would be back soon.
他告訴我他不得不離開并且很快就會回來。
(2)it作形式賓語
①find/consider/think/feel/believe/make+it+adj./n.+賓語從句
②enjoy/love/like/hate/appreciate/see to/insist on/depend on/rely on+it+賓語從句
2.whether與if引導賓語從句時,在從句中不作任何成分,但有具體的含義,意為“是否”。一般情況下whether和if可以互換,但在下列情況下只能用whether而不能用if:
(1)賓語從句中與or not連用時,只能用whether;
(2)介詞后的賓語從句要用whether。
3.連接代詞和連接副詞引導賓語從句時既充當句子成分又有具體意義,且不可省略。
小題集訓　單句語法填空
①She learned 　　　　　　with a little creativity and observation, any challenge could be overcome.(2024·浙江1月卷)
②Please let me know 　　　　　　or not the time is suitable for you.
③Every citizen received a letter of thanks from the government for
　　　　　　they had done during the festival.
④I quite understand 　　　　　　you feel because I once went through the same experience.
⑤I believe you have done your best and 　　　　　　things will improve.
that
whether
what
how
that
三、同位語從句
[先感知]
①At first, Xie Lei had no idea what she should say.(教材原句)
剛開始,謝蕾不知道她該說些什么。
②I want to plan my trip but I have no idea when the temples will open.(譯林選必三U4)
我想計劃我的旅行,但我不知道寺廟什么時候開放。
③We have no doubt that UNESCO is trying to protect the heritage sites.(譯林選必三U4)
毫無疑問,聯合國教科文組織正在努力保護這些遺產。
④They could not prevent the construction of the dam and they had no idea whether the temples could be saved from the rising waters.
(譯林選必三U4)
他們無法阻止大壩的修建,也不知道寺廟能否從上漲的洪水中獲救。
[會發現]
句①中的what引導同位語從句,并在從句中作　　　　　　　;句②中的when引導同位語從句,并在從句中作　　　　　　　　;句③中的that引導　　　　　　　　從句,無詞義;不可省略;句④中的whether引導　　　　　　從句,不能用if替換。
賓語
狀語
同位語
同位語
[明規則]　同位語從句一般放在fact、news、idea、truth、hope、problem、information、belief、thought、doubt、promise、question等抽象名詞的后面,對前面的名詞作進一步的解釋,或說明前面名詞的具體含義。同位語從句通常由that引導,也可由whether引導,或由連接代詞(what、which、who、whose等)和連接副詞(when、where、why、how等)引導。
小題集訓　單句語法填空
①I have no idea 　　　　　　he lives.
②The question 　　　　　should do the job requires consideration.
③There is no doubt 　　　　　　keeping an English diary helps you a lot with your written English.
④We hold the firm belief 　　　　　　　visitors can learn more about traditional Chinese culture through the activity.
where
who
that
that
四、表語從句
[先感知]
①His father’s dream was that one day he could write a great masterpiece recording what had happened in history.(譯林選必三U3)
他父親的夢想是,有一天他能寫出一部記錄歷史的巨著。
②His chief concern was whether he could do his job more effectively and efficiently.(譯林選必三U3)
他最關心的是他能否更有效地完成他的工作。
③This devotion and hard work is what we see reflected within his photos.This is what makes them so special.(外研選必三U2)
我們可以從他的照片中看到這種奉獻和努力。這就是使得這些照片如此與眾不同的原因。
④A simple restaurant was where he usually had the same meal of sausages, eggs and coffee.(外研選必三U2)
他通常在一家簡單的餐館里吃同樣的一餐:香腸、雞蛋和咖啡。
[會發現]
句①中的that引導　　　　　從句,不能省略;句②中的whether引導表語從句,意為“　　　　”;句③中的連接代詞what引導　　　　　　從句,在句中分別作　　　　　　和　　　　　　;句④中的連接副詞where引導表語從句,在句中作　　　　　　。
[明規則]　具體用法講解見Unit 1
表語
是否
表語
賓語
主語
狀語
課 時 測 評 作 業
基礎語境練
素能提升練
[基礎語境練]
維度一　單句語法填空(每小題1分,共10分)
1.—I wonder 　　　　　　　　Mary has kept her figure after all these years.
—By working out every day.
2.The exhibition tells us 　　　　　　　　we should do something to stop air pollution.
3.—Is there any particular soup you would like to have
—　　　　　　　　 you select is all right with me.
how
that
Whichever
4.Only when you go to the city in person will you realize ___________
diverse its culture is.
5.Up to now,I haven’t got any idea 　　　　　　　　we should go on with the project.
6.From space,the earth looks blue.This is 　　　　　　　　about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.
7.It’s good to know 　　　　　　　　the dogs will be well cared for while we’re away.
how
whether
because
that
8.The bride and bridegroom gave 　　　　　　　　attended their wedding some gifts to share their happiness.
9.Sorry,I’m late,but you cannot imagine 　　　　　　　　great trouble I took to find your house.
10.The problem is 　　　　　　　　we can improve our reading skills in such a short time.
whoever
what
how
維度二　語法與寫作(每小題2分,共12分)
1. is that their artistic talent is extremely shocking.
最讓我高興的是,他們的藝術才華令人驚嘆。
2.From what has been discussed above,we may draw the conclusion
.
通過上面的討論,我們可以得出結論:如果你想實現目標,就一定要自信。
What pleases me most
that you must have self-confidence if you want to achieve your goal
3. I have to cancel the Sunday bookstore appointment with you.
非常遺憾,我不得不取消我們周日一塊兒逛書店的約定。
4. was that he didn’t give up fighting for his nation even when he was wronged by some.
即使被一些人冤枉,岳飛仍然為自己的民族而戰,這是他最值得人們敬佩的地方。
It’s a great pity that
What made Yue Fei most respectable
5.That is during the May Day holiday.
這就是為什么我在五一假期學會了做飯。
6.I think the picture is telling us .
我認為這幅圖是在告訴我們通常夢想和現實之間是有區別的。
why I learned how to cook
that there is usually a difference
between one’s dream and reality
維度三　語段翻譯(每小題2分,共10分)
盡可能地運用名詞性從句翻譯下面語段
1. (我正在大學里學的是英國文學). 2. (我最大的問題是) I can’t understand the cultural background of many English novels.So 3. (我是否應該出國留學) has become what I’m concerned about.
What I am learning at university is English literature
My biggest problem is that
whether I should go abroad to study
4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (很明顯) the first practical question is 5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我能否負擔得起學費).I turned to my teacher and his suggestion was that I should get a loan to study abroad.
It is very clear that
whether I can afford the tuition fees
維度四　語法與語篇(每小題1.5分,共15分)
閱讀下面短文,用適當的連接詞填空
1.　　　　　　 worries Mary a lot these days is 2.___________ she puts on too much weight and she is frequently ill.She has some doubts 3.　　　　　　　　 she eats too much fast food high in fat or sugar.Also,with the college entrance examination approaching,she becomes more stressful and she can’t sleep well these days.Maybe this is 4.　　　　　　　　 she becomes fatter these days.She is always
What
that
whether
why
thinking about 5.　　　　　　　　 she can become slimmer and healthier.It is her parents’ suggestion 6.　　　　　　　　 she should consult Doctor Zhang,who suggests 7.　　　　　　 she should keep a balanced diet first.Mary asked Doctor Zhang 8.　　　　　　　　 she should take exercise.Doctor Zhang advised her to take exercise at 5 o’clock in the afternoon.That is 9.　　　　　　　 she will have more time to do sports.It is with the help of Doctor Zhang 10.____________ Mary has become much healthier now.
whether
that
that
when
because
that
[素能提升練]
Ⅰ.閱讀理解(每小題2.5分,共10分)
By tradition,on Chinese New Year,you’re supposed to put on new clothes,from inner to outer ones.If they’re the lucky red,all the better.You can never have too much luck.
But when you turn a multiple of 12,24,36,48,60 and so on—the tradition gets extended:Red underwear every day of that lunar calendar year.When I first heard about the practice a few years ago,I considered it nonsense.It also seemed ridiculous to buy so many pairs in a color vivid under light clothes.My practical immigrant Chinese parents,an engineer and scientist,didn’t pass this tradition down. Adding another superstition (迷信) also seemed like a thing I could do without.But as I approach my fourth time around the wheel for the “Year of the Dragon”—in what’s known as “ben ming nian” or the threshold year—I’ve been reflecting upon the milestones of those past intervals:puberty at age 12,moving across the country for a job at 24 and giving birth to my twin sons at 36.
The more I’ve looked into the practice,the more I realize the significance of its popularity.As an American-born Chinese,I have always adopted and adapted what comes from my birthplace. Logically,I know it won’t matter if I wear red or not,but for me,for now,this shared tradition strengthens my bond with my culture.
So often,life goes by so quickly before we could realize.Days become weeks,months,years and suddenly a dozen years go by.My newborns have grown into tweens and I’ve transformed from not quite middle-aged to now very much so.With the turn of the Chinese New Year,I value a chance to reflect on my past struggles and how I found a way through.
It’s a mindset we could all benefit from.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。作者通過自己的體會和感觸介紹了穿紅色在中國農歷新年和本命年的意義。
1.What is the tradition on Chinese New Year
A.Wearing lucky red clothes all year round.
B.Putting on new clothes from head to toe.
C.Never having too many lucky clothes.
D.Extending the superstition at a multiple of 12.
解析　細節理解題。文章第一段講到“By tradition,on Chinese New Year,you’re supposed to put on new clothes,from inner to outer ones.”可知,中國農歷新年的傳統是從頭到腳穿上新衣服。故選B。
√
2.Why did the author mention her parents
A.To prove it is ridiculous to wear red clothes.
B.To honor her practical immigrant parents.
C.To blame her parents for not passing the tradition down.
D.To justify her not following the extended tradition.
解析　寫作目的題。文章第二段講到“When I first heard about the...pass this tradition down.”可知,當作者第一次聽說這種做法時,認為這是無稽之談。她的父母沒有把這一傳統傳下來。作者提到她的父母是為她不遵循傳統辯解。故選D。
√
3.What finally changed the author’s attitude to the practice
A.Her approaching the age of 48.
B.Its connection with her culture.
C.Her illogical thinking patterns.
D.Its popularity among immigrants.
解析　細節理解題。文章第三段講到“As an American-born Chinese, I have always...my bond with my culture.”可知,從邏輯上講,作者知道是否穿紅色并不重要,但對她來說,這種共同的傳統加強了她與她的文化的聯系。作者最終改變了對習俗的態度是因為這個習俗與她的文化有關。故選B。
√
4.What might the author do at her fourth time around the wheel
A.Reflect on her way through.
B.Develop a new beneficial mindset.
C.Buy underwear in the vivid red.
D.Realize time going by quickly.
解析　推理判斷題。由文章最后兩段可知作者對于本命年穿紅色內衣的態度改變了,開始接納這一傳統。因此在她即將到達第四個本命年的時候,她可能會買紅色內衣來穿。故選C。
√
Ⅱ.語法填空(每小題1.5分,共15分)
In Nanchang,an opera professor turns a classroom into performance stages.An optional college course named “Appreciation of the Jiangxi Opera” 1.　　　　　　 (teach) in a packed house recently at Nanchang University due to the professor’s 2.__________ (innovate) way of teaching.
Waving water sleeves,and spinning folding fans while wearing traditional makeup and costumes,Chen Li,the 3._______________ (instruct) of this course,displays the charm of Jiangxi Opera in front of the students.They recorded the performances and posted the video clips of the class on social media platforms,4.　　　　　　 (receive) millions of views and likes from netizens.
Professor Chen is also 5.　　　　　　 inheritor (繼承人) of Jiangxi opera,one of the national intangible cultural heritages.The course she teaches has been open for many years,mainly introducing the history,tunes and performance characteristics of Jiangxi Opera.
6.　　　　　　 remains unknown to all is that this course,which is full of people now,was originally rarely attended.
Chen devotes more attention to her students’ interactive experience 7.　　　　　　 (engage) students’ interest.“I invite my students to experience the whole process of the performance by
8.　　　　　　 (they) and then they appreciate it gradually.” Chen added.
Although 9.　　　　　　 (face) with the unexpected fame,Chen was satisfied but also realized that a greater responsibility now rested 10.　　　　　　 her shoulders.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了近日,南昌大學開設了一門名為“贛劇藝術鑒賞課”的大學選修課,由于教授創新的教學方式,這門課座無虛席。
1.has been taught　[考查動詞的時態、語態和主謂一致。句意:近日,南昌大學開設了一門名為“贛劇藝術鑒賞課”的大學選修課,由于教授創新的教學方式,這門課座無虛席。主語An optional college course為單數形式,且與謂語動詞teach構成被動關系,根據recently可知時態用現在完成時。故填has been taught。]
2.innovative　[考查詞性轉換。修飾名詞way應用形容詞innovative,作定語。故填innovative。]
3.instructor　[考查詞性轉換。句意:這門課的講師陳俐身著傳統服飾,搖著水袖,紡著折扇,在學生面前展示著贛劇的魅力。表示“講師”應用名詞instructor。故填instructor。]
4.receiving　[考查非謂語動詞。句意:他們錄制了這些表演,并將視頻片段發布在社交媒體平臺上,獲得了數百萬網民的觀看和點贊。此處receive與上文構成主動關系,故用動詞-ing形式作狀語。故填receiving。]
5.an　[考查冠詞。句意:陳教授還是國家級非物質文化遺產贛劇的傳承人。此處inheritor為泛指,且是發音以元音音素開頭的單詞。故填an。]
6.What　[考查名詞性從句。句意:大家都不知道的是,這個現在座無虛席的課程,原來很少有人參加。空處引導主語從句,從句缺少主語,指物,應用what引導從句。故填What。]
7.to engage　[考查非謂語動詞。句意:陳老師更注重學生的互動體驗,以激發學生的興趣。此處engage在句中作目的狀語,應用不定式形式。故填to engage。]
8.themselves　[考查代詞。句意:“我邀請我的學生親自體驗表演的全過程,然后他們逐漸欣賞它。”陳補充說。短語by oneself表示“親自”。故填themselves。]
9.faced　[考查非謂語動詞。句意:雖然面對意想不到的名聲,陳很滿意,但也意識到現在更大的責任落在了她的肩上。短語be faced with表示“面對”,作狀語時,去掉be動詞,使用過去分詞形式作狀語。故填faced。]
10.on　[考查介詞。此處表示“責任落到肩上”用短語rest on。故填on。]Section Ⅲ　Learning About Language
Grammar——復習名詞性從句
在句中起名詞作用的從句叫名詞性從句。名詞性從句包括主語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句、表語從句四類。
一、主語從句
[先感知]
①That Hubble is based in space allows it to see further than ground-based telescopes, and it allows scientists to learn more about the universe.(譯林選必三U2)
哈勃望遠鏡位于太空中,這使它比地面望遠鏡看得更遠,也使科學家能夠更多地了解宇宙。
②It is clear that telescopes are crucial tools for space exploration...
顯而易見,望遠鏡是太空探索的重要工具……
③Whether life on other planets does exist is yet to be proved, but the signs are promising.(譯林選必三U2)
其他星球上是否存在生命還有待證實,但這些跡象很有希望。
④Ma Xu is a famous paratrooper.What impress me most are her courage, skill and determination.(外研選必三U1)
馬旭是一位著名的傘兵。給我印象最深的是她的勇氣、技巧和決心。
⑤How he can learn to appreciate Chinese culture remains an important goal for him.
學會如何欣賞中國文化對他來說仍然是一個重要目標。
[會發現]
句①中的That引導主語從句, 不可省略, 在從句中不作任何成分;句②中的It作形式主語,把that引導的主語從句后置;句③中的Whether引導主語從句, 在從句中不作任何成分。句④中的What引導主語從句, 在從句中作主語;句⑤中的How引導主語從句, 在從句中作狀語。
[明規則]
1.that引導的主語從句
(1)that引導主語從句時,在從句中不作任何成分,也沒有意義,但不可省略。
(2)that引導主語從句時可用it作形式主語,把that引導的主語從句后置,that不可省略。常見句式主要有以下幾種:
①It+be+形容詞(necessary、important、certain、clear等)+that從句
②It+be+名詞短語(a pity、a shame、a fact、an honour等)+that從句
③It+be+過去分詞(said、told、heard、reported等)+that從句
④It+特殊動詞或短語(seem、appear、turn out、occur to等)+that從句
2.whether引導主語從句時,在從句中不作任何成分,但有具體的含義,意為“是否”。
主語從句位于主句謂語動詞前,表示“是否”,只能用whether。若用it作形式主語,則whether與if可互換。
3.wh-類連接詞引導的主語從句
wh-類連接詞包括連接代詞(who、whom、whose、what、whoever、whomever、whatever等)和連接副詞(when、where、why、how、whenever、wherever、however等)。
連接代詞和連接副詞引導主語從句時既充當句子成分又有具體意義,且不可省略。
小題集訓　補全句子
①Whether we can win the contest or not doesn’t matter as long as we try our best.
只要我們盡了最大努力,能否贏得比賽并不重要。
②What you should keep in mind is that most students feel nervous like you.
你應記住的是大部分學生像你一樣感到緊張。
③Where we shall have the meeting makes no difference.
我們在哪兒開會都無所謂。
④That China won 32 gold medals in the Asian Winter Games held in Harbin made all of us proud.
中國在哈爾濱亞洲冬季運動會上榮獲32枚金牌,這讓我們很自豪。
二、賓語從句
[先感知]
①Research also suggests that those natural disasters may have led to the decline of the Maya.(外研選必四U5)
研究也表明,那些自然災害可能導致了瑪雅文明的衰落。
②I thought it strange that my teacher could not show me love.(北師大選必二U5)
我覺得很奇怪的是我的老師不能向我表示什么是愛。
③I don’t know whether/if the report is true.
我不知道這篇報道是否屬實。
④As he proudly signed his name at the bottom of the page, Beethoven tried to imagine how people would respond when they heard it for the first time.
貝多芬自豪地在頁面底部署下名字,同時努力想象人們第一次聽到它時會有什么反應。
⑤A modern city has been set up in what was once a wasteland.
一座現代化的城市已經在曾是廢墟的地方建起來了。
[會發現]
句①中的that引導賓語從句,在句中不作成分;句②中的it作形式賓語,將真正的賓語從句后置;句③中,引導賓語從句的whether和if可以互換;句④中的連接副詞how引導賓語從句,并在從句中作狀語;句⑤中的連接代詞what引導賓語從句,并在從句中作主語。
[明規則]
1.that引導的賓語從句
(1)that引導賓語從句時在從句中不作任何成分,也沒有意義,在口語中一般可以省略。
動詞后跟有多個that引導的賓語從句時,只有第一個that可以省略,從第二個從句開始that不可省略。
He told me (that) he had to leave and that he would be back soon.
他告訴我他不得不離開并且很快就會回來。
(2)it作形式賓語
①find/consider/think/feel/believe/make+it+adj./n.+賓語從句
②enjoy/love/like/hate/appreciate/see to/insist on/depend on/rely on+it+賓語從句
2.whether與if引導賓語從句時,在從句中不作任何成分,但有具體的含義,意為“是否”。一般情況下whether和if可以互換,但在下列情況下只能用whether而不能用if:
(1)賓語從句中與or not連用時,只能用whether;
(2)介詞后的賓語從句要用whether。
3.連接代詞和連接副詞引導賓語從句時既充當句子成分又有具體意義,且不可省略。
小題集訓　單句語法填空
①She learned that with a little creativity and observation, any challenge could be overcome.(2024·浙江1月卷)
②Please let me know whether or not the time is suitable for you.
③Every citizen received a letter of thanks from the government for what they had done during the festival.
④I quite understand how you feel because I once went through the same experience.
⑤I believe you have done your best and that things will improve.
三、同位語從句
[先感知]
①At first, Xie Lei had no idea what she should say.(教材原句)
剛開始,謝蕾不知道她該說些什么。
②I want to plan my trip but I have no idea when the temples will open.(譯林選必三U4)
我想計劃我的旅行,但我不知道寺廟什么時候開放。
③We have no doubt that UNESCO is trying to protect the heritage sites.(譯林選必三U4)
毫無疑問,聯合國教科文組織正在努力保護這些遺產。
④They could not prevent the construction of the dam and they had no idea whether the temples could be saved from the rising waters.(譯林選必三U4)
他們無法阻止大壩的修建,也不知道寺廟能否從上漲的洪水中獲救。
[會發現]
句①中的what引導同位語從句,并在從句中作賓語;句②中的when引導同位語從句,并在從句中作狀語;句③中的that引導同位語從句,無詞義;不可省略;句④中的whether引導同位語從句,不能用if替換。
[明規則]　同位語從句一般放在fact、news、idea、truth、hope、problem、information、belief、thought、doubt、promise、question等抽象名詞的后面,對前面的名詞作進一步的解釋,或說明前面名詞的具體含義。同位語從句通常由that引導,也可由whether引導,或由連接代詞(what、which、who、whose等)和連接副詞(when、where、why、how等)引導。
小題集訓　單句語法填空
①I have no idea where he lives.
②The question who should do the job requires consideration.
③There is no doubt that keeping an English diary helps you a lot with your written English.
④We hold the firm belief that visitors can learn more about traditional Chinese culture through the activity.
四、表語從句
[先感知]
①His father’s dream was that one day he could write a great masterpiece recording what had happened in history.(譯林選必三U3)
他父親的夢想是,有一天他能寫出一部記錄歷史的巨著。
②His chief concern was whether he could do his job more effectively and efficiently.(譯林選必三U3)
他最關心的是他能否更有效地完成他的工作。
③This devotion and hard work is what we see reflected within his photos.This is what makes them so special.(外研選必三U2)
我們可以從他的照片中看到這種奉獻和努力。這就是使得這些照片如此與眾不同的原因。
④A simple restaurant was where he usually had the same meal of sausages, eggs and coffee.(外研選必三U2)
他通常在一家簡單的餐館里吃同樣的一餐:香腸、雞蛋和咖啡。
[會發現]
句①中的that引導表語從句,不能省略;句②中的whether引導表語從句,意為“是否”;句③中的連接代詞what引導表語從句,在句中分別作賓語和主語;句④中的連接副詞where引導表語從句,在句中作狀語。
[明規則]　具體用法講解見Unit 1
[基礎語境練]
維度一　單句語法填空(每小題1分,共10分)
1.—I wonder how Mary has kept her figure after all these years.
—By working out every day.
2.The exhibition tells us that we should do something to stop air pollution.
3.—Is there any particular soup you would like to have
—Whichever you select is all right with me.
4.Only when you go to the city in person will you realize how diverse its culture is.
5.Up to now,I haven’t got any idea whether we should go on with the project.
6.From space,the earth looks blue.This is because about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.
7.It’s good to know that the dogs will be well cared for while we’re away.
8.The bride and bridegroom gave whoever attended their wedding some gifts to share their happiness.
9.Sorry,I’m late,but you cannot imagine what great trouble I took to find your house.
10.The problem is how we can improve our reading skills in such a short time.
維度二　語法與寫作(每小題2分,共12分)
1.What pleases me most is that their artistic talent is extremely shocking.
最讓我高興的是,他們的藝術才華令人驚嘆。
2.From what has been discussed above,we may draw the conclusion that you must have self-confidence if you want to achieve your goal.
通過上面的討論,我們可以得出結論:如果你想實現目標,就一定要自信。
3. It’s a great pity that I have to cancel the Sunday bookstore appointment with you.
非常遺憾,我不得不取消我們周日一塊兒逛書店的約定。
4. What made Yue Fei most respectable was that he didn’t give up fighting for his nation even when he was wronged by some.
即使被一些人冤枉,岳飛仍然為自己的民族而戰,這是他最值得人們敬佩的地方。
5.That is why I learned how to cook during the May Day holiday.
這就是為什么我在五一假期學會了做飯。
6.I think the picture is telling us that there is usually a difference between one’s dream and reality.
我認為這幅圖是在告訴我們通常夢想和現實之間是有區別的。
維度三　語段翻譯(每小題2分,共10分)
盡可能地運用名詞性從句翻譯下面語段
1.What I am learning at university is English literature (我正在大學里學的是英國文學).2.My biggest problem is that (我最大的問題是) I can’t understand the cultural background of many English novels.So 3.whether I should go abroad to study (我是否應該出國留學) has become what I’m concerned about.4.It is very clear that (很明顯) the first practical question is 5.whether I can afford the tuition fees (我能否負擔得起學費).I turned to my teacher and his suggestion was that I should get a loan to study abroad.
維度四　語法與語篇(每小題1.5分,共15分)
閱讀下面短文,用適當的連接詞填空
1.What worries Mary a lot these days is 2.that she puts on too much weight and she is frequently ill.She has some doubts 3.whether she eats too much fast food high in fat or sugar.Also,with the college entrance examination approaching,she becomes more stressful and she can’t sleep well these days.Maybe this is 4.why she becomes fatter these days.She is always thinking about 5.whether she can become slimmer and healthier.It is her parents’ suggestion 6.that she should consult Doctor Zhang,who suggests 7.that she should keep a balanced diet first.Mary asked Doctor Zhang 8.when she should take exercise.Doctor Zhang advised her to take exercise at 5 o’clock in the afternoon.That is 9.because she will have more time to do sports.It is with the help of Doctor Zhang 10.that Mary has become much healthier now.
[素能提升練]
Ⅰ.閱讀理解(每小題2.5分,共10分)
By tradition,on Chinese New Year,you’re supposed to put on new clothes,from inner to outer ones.If they’re the lucky red,all the better.You can never have too much luck.
But when you turn a multiple of 12,24,36,48,60 and so on—the tradition gets extended:Red underwear every day of that lunar calendar year.When I first heard about the practice a few years ago,I considered it nonsense.It also seemed ridiculous to buy so many pairs in a color vivid under light clothes.My practical immigrant Chinese parents,an engineer and scientist,didn’t pass this tradition down.Adding another superstition (迷信) also seemed like a thing I could do without.But as I approach my fourth time around the wheel for the “Year of the Dragon”—in what’s known as “ben ming nian” or the threshold year—I’ve been reflecting upon the milestones of those past intervals:puberty at age 12,moving across the country for a job at 24 and giving birth to my twin sons at 36.
The more I’ve looked into the practice,the more I realize the significance of its popularity.As an American-born Chinese,I have always adopted and adapted what comes from my birthplace.Logically,I know it won’t matter if I wear red or not,but for me,for now,this shared tradition strengthens my bond with my culture.
So often,life goes by so quickly before we could realize.Days become weeks,months,years and suddenly a dozen years go by.My newborns have grown into tweens and I’ve transformed from not quite middle-aged to now very much so.With the turn of the Chinese New Year,I value a chance to reflect on my past struggles and how I found a way through.
It’s a mindset we could all benefit from.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。作者通過自己的體會和感觸介紹了穿紅色在中國農歷新年和本命年的意義。
1.What is the tradition on Chinese New Year
A.Wearing lucky red clothes all year round.
B.Putting on new clothes from head to toe.
C.Never having too many lucky clothes.
D.Extending the superstition at a multiple of 12.
答案　B　[細節理解題。文章第一段講到“By tradition,on Chinese New Year,you’re supposed to put on new clothes,from inner to outer ones.”可知,中國農歷新年的傳統是從頭到腳穿上新衣服。故選B。]
2.Why did the author mention her parents
A.To prove it is ridiculous to wear red clothes.
B.To honor her practical immigrant parents.
C.To blame her parents for not passing the tradition down.
D.To justify her not following the extended tradition.
答案　D　[寫作目的題。文章第二段講到“When I first heard about the...pass this tradition down.”可知,當作者第一次聽說這種做法時,認為這是無稽之談。她的父母沒有把這一傳統傳下來。作者提到她的父母是為她不遵循傳統辯解。故選D。]
3.What finally changed the author’s attitude to the practice
A.Her approaching the age of 48.
B.Its connection with her culture.
C.Her illogical thinking patterns.
D.Its popularity among immigrants.
答案　B　[細節理解題。文章第三段講到“As an American-born Chinese,I have always...my bond with my culture.”可知,從邏輯上講,作者知道是否穿紅色并不重要,但對她來說,這種共同的傳統加強了她與她的文化的聯系。作者最終改變了對習俗的態度是因為這個習俗與她的文化有關。故選B。]
4.What might the author do at her fourth time around the wheel
A.Reflect on her way through.
B.Develop a new beneficial mindset.
C.Buy underwear in the vivid red.
D.Realize time going by quickly.
答案　C　[推理判斷題。由文章最后兩段可知作者對于本命年穿紅色內衣的態度改變了,開始接納這一傳統。因此在她即將到達第四個本命年的時候,她可能會買紅色內衣來穿。故選C。]
Ⅱ.語法填空(每小題1.5分,共15分)
In Nanchang,an opera professor turns a classroom into performance stages.An optional college course named “Appreciation of the Jiangxi Opera” 1.　　　　　　 (teach) in a packed house recently at Nanchang University due to the professor’s 2.　　　　　　 (innovate) way of teaching.
Waving water sleeves,and spinning folding fans while wearing traditional makeup and costumes,Chen Li,the 3.　　　　　　 (instruct) of this course,displays the charm of Jiangxi Opera in front of the students.They recorded the performances and posted the video clips of the class on social media platforms,4.　　　　　　 (receive) millions of views and likes from netizens.
Professor Chen is also 5.　　　　　　 inheritor (繼承人) of Jiangxi opera,one of the national intangible cultural heritages.The course she teaches has been open for many years,mainly introducing the history,tunes and performance characteristics of Jiangxi Opera.6.　　　　　　 remains unknown to all is that this course,which is full of people now,was originally rarely attended.
Chen devotes more attention to her students’ interactive experience 7.　　　　　　 (engage) students’ interest.“I invite my students to experience the whole process of the performance by 8.　　　　　　 (they) and then they appreciate it gradually.” Chen added.
Although 9.　　　　　　 (face) with the unexpected fame,Chen was satisfied but also realized that a greater responsibility now rested 10.　　　　　　 her shoulders.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了近日,南昌大學開設了一門名為“贛劇藝術鑒賞課”的大學選修課,由于教授創新的教學方式,這門課座無虛席。
1.has been taught　[考查動詞的時態、語態和主謂一致。句意:近日,南昌大學開設了一門名為“贛劇藝術鑒賞課”的大學選修課,由于教授創新的教學方式,這門課座無虛席。主語An optional college course為單數形式,且與謂語動詞teach構成被動關系,根據recently可知時態用現在完成時。故填has been taught。]
2.innovative　[考查詞性轉換。修飾名詞way應用形容詞innovative,作定語。故填innovative。]
3.instructor　[考查詞性轉換。句意:這門課的講師陳俐身著傳統服飾,搖著水袖,紡著折扇,在學生面前展示著贛劇的魅力。表示“講師”應用名詞instructor。故填instructor。]
4.receiving　[考查非謂語動詞。句意:他們錄制了這些表演,并將視頻片段發布在社交媒體平臺上,獲得了數百萬網民的觀看和點贊。此處receive與上文構成主動關系,故用動詞-ing形式作狀語。故填receiving。]
5.an　[考查冠詞。句意:陳教授還是國家級非物質文化遺產贛劇的傳承人。此處inheritor為泛指,且是發音以元音音素開頭的單詞。故填an。]
6.What　[考查名詞性從句。句意:大家都不知道的是,這個現在座無虛席的課程,原來很少有人參加。空處引導主語從句,從句缺少主語,指物,應用what引導從句。故填What。]
7.to engage　[考查非謂語動詞。句意:陳老師更注重學生的互動體驗,以激發學生的興趣。此處engage在句中作目的狀語,應用不定式形式。故填to engage。]
8.themselves　[考查代詞。句意:“我邀請我的學生親自體驗表演的全過程,然后他們逐漸欣賞它。”陳補充說。短語by oneself表示“親自”。故填themselves。]
9.faced　[考查非謂語動詞。句意:雖然面對意想不到的名聲,陳很滿意,但也意識到現在更大的責任落在了她的肩上。短語be faced with表示“面對”,作狀語時,去掉be動詞,使用過去分詞形式作狀語。故填faced。]
10.on　[考查介詞。此處表示“責任落到肩上”用短語rest on。故填on。]

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