資源簡介

Section Ⅱ　Using language
維度一：基礎(chǔ)題型練
品句填詞
1.They are likely to 　　　　　　（降低） the prices in the shop， so it’s a good time to do some shopping.
2.The government has taken some effective measures to prevent 　　　　　?。F霾） in winter.
3. The professor gave a series of 　　　　　　?。ㄖv座） to first-year students.
4.With my parents’ 　　　　　?。ㄔ试S）， I went to my best friend Robert’s birthday party and didn’t go home until 10：00 pm.
5.Because of the 　　　　　　（洪水）， the number of homeless people has increased rapidly.
6.Millions of people are threatened with starvation as a result of 　　　　　　（干旱） and poor harvests.
7.The three teams 　　　　　　（采?。?three different ways to solve the problem but they got the same result.
8.It is common knowledge that the world is made up of seven continents and four o　　　　　　.
9.The measures are intended to r　　　　　　 public confidence in the economy.
10.Environment protection and s　　　　　　 development are the main trend at present.
維度二：語法與寫作
用“動詞＋賓語＋賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu)補全句子。
1.I looked up and 　　　　　　　　　　　　worms in the tree.
我抬頭一看，注意到一只鳥正在樹上捕捉蟲子。
2.To learn English well， we should find opportunities to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　as much as we can.
為了學(xué)好英語，我們應(yīng)該找機會盡可能多地聽別人說英語。
3.No sooner had we arrived at the farm than we 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我們一到農(nóng)場，就發(fā)現(xiàn)樹枝上掛著許多橘子。
4.Back from the vacation， the family was very happy to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　by volunteers.
度假回來后，這家人很高興看見他們的花園被志愿者照顧得很好。
5.Helen had to raise her voice to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　in this noisy lecture hall.
海倫不得不在這個喧鬧的演講廳里提高嗓門好讓別人聽到。
6.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， she felt nervous.
這么多人看著她，她感到緊張。
7.Before driving into the city， you are required to 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
開車進城前，你必須把車洗一洗。
維度三：語法與語篇
根據(jù)漢語提示補全短文。
We have 1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （發(fā)現(xiàn)我們的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了很大的變化） over the past ten years.The roads 2.　　　　　　　　 （被看見正變得） wider and wider.And we can 3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （注意到高樓建成） one after another.Life in the town has become more convenient and comfortable than before.People can 4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的收入增長） continuously.We can 5.　　　　　　　　 （感覺到人們享受著） their happy life.
　　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　Finding a California condor in the wild would be the most unusual treat， perhaps even more unusual than finding a wolf in Yellowstone National Park. In fact， the wolf was what opened my eyes to the fact that humans could bring an animal back to the place where it had disappeared.
　　In 1987， there were only 27 California condors left， none of which were in the wild， only in captive breeding programs. It was those breeding programs that contributed to their population rise， enough that by 1991 some of them could be freed into the wild.
　　Still， the hope of seeing a California condor， which remains an endangered species， is very low， let alone getting a photo of one. California condor population dropped mostly due to human factors， such as poaching and living areas destruction — these are challenges California condors still face today.
　　Although this is just a bird’s-eye view of the challenges California condors face and there are many others， it is part of why the opportunity to work with the US Fish and Wildlife Service team and their partners helping their recovery is so special to me as a photographer. I am not only able to photograph the birds in their wild living areas， but also understand and record how difficult the work is of those people on the front lines of the protection.
　　I am grateful for the work of the team， and my hope is that California condor population will continue to rise， allowing future generations an opportunity I never had when I first got here — to look to the sky and see one flying around.
1.What helped the increase of the California condor population in 1987？（　?。?br/>A.Rules for hunters.
B.Captive breeding programs.
C.The improved natural environment.
D.The enlargement of wild living areas.
2.What does the author say about taking photos of a California condor in the wild？（　?。?br/>A.It is difficult. B.It is easy.
C.It is boring. D.It is dangerous.
3.What did the author do when working with the US Fish and Wildlife Service team？（　?。?br/>A.He guided ways for them.
B.He made records by photos.
C.He helped the birds to recover.
D.He rebuilt the birds’ living areas.
4.What is the best title for the text？（　?。?br/>A.New Way， New Hope
B.Wolves and California Condors
C.A Photo of a California Condor
D.The California Condor’s Coming Back
B
It’s been given the title “Asia’s water tower”： Sanjiangyuan， meaning “the source of three rivers”， is an area in Qinghai.It is the source of the Yellow River， Yangtze River and Lancang River.
The three rivers provide water for as many as 600 million people， or almost half the population of China.And yet， because of its weak ecosystem and human activities， the environment in Sanjiangyuan is becoming worse， putting the country’s water source at risk.
This is why China built its very first national park， the Sanjiangyuan National Park， to protect the sources in 2020.The park will also increase the area’s green coverage and become the home of many wildlife species.
Long before the decision to build the park was made， however， volunteers across the country had already started their own effort to protect Sanjiangyuan.
Take Ren Shihai for example， a 38-year-old volunteer from Beijing.Ren is a member of the Shan Shui Conservation Center， focusing on environmental protection in the Sanjiangyuan area.He joined a team of volunteers who taught at the No.2 Middle School in Zaduo county， in Qinghai’s Yushu.He said he got a feeling of happiness when students were very excited when he spoke about the rivers and mountains in Sanjiangyuan and why it was important to protect them.
Zhaxi Bading， a 13-year-old Tibetan student， said he learned something new in Ren’s class.“I know the rivers that run through my hometown but I didn’t know their effects on the environment of the lower reaches，” he said.“I’m proud that my hometown is beautiful， and I want to protect it.”
Now under the protection of our country， hopefully “Asia’s water tower” will still have that name for years to come.
5.What problem is Sanjiangyuan facing now？（　　）
A.Less wildlife.
B.Worsening environment.
C.More visits.
D.Not enough water.
6.Why did China build the Sanjiangyuan National Park in 2020？（　?。?br/>A.To protect the water sources.
B.To study the wildlife in the area.
C.To enlarge the area of green coverage.
D.To increase the number of wildlife species.
7.How did Ren Shihai protect Sanjiangyuan？（　?。?br/>A.By advising the government to build a national park.
B.By keeping the rivers and mountains in the area natural.
C.By collecting enough money to feed its wild animals.
D.By raising local children’s awareness of protecting it.
8.What is the writer’s attitude towards the future of Sanjiangyuan？（　?。?br/>A.Unconcerned.　　　　 B.Doubtful.
C.Positive. D.Worried.
C
　　Cell phones， tablets， laptops， smart-watches： the modern world is packed with a lot of devices that bring us connectivity， entertainment and information. Our hunger for the latest models leads to the “throwaway” culture， which means consumers often throw away old devices as soon as new ones come to the market， a habit that can have a significant effect on waste streams and the environment.
　　With concerns about e-waste growing， some companies are now turning to chemistry to develop solutions to recycle items like old cell phones， extracting value at the same time. One such example is the work being carried out by Mint Innovation， a clean tech firm based in Auckland， New Zealand. “We’ve developed a biological process for recovering valuable metals from electronic waste，” said Ollie Crush， the company’s chief scientific officer.
　　Crush explained that Mint Innovation’s system included grinding （磨碎） waste up into a powder. “The reason why we must do this is that we need to make sure that we’re exposing all the metal contained within to a chemical filtering （過濾） process，” he added.
　　When it comes to recovering a valuable material like gold， the technique used by Mint Innovation has a number of steps. According to a video， chemicals dissolve （溶解） the powdered waste into a solution， with any materials that haven’t dissolved filtered out. Microbes are then added to the mix. Gold atoms catch on to them in a process called “selective biosorption”. Next， the microbes coated gold are filtered， producing a paste which is then turned into a solid， “recycled” gold.
　　“Nearly 50% of the value of e-waste comes from the gold，” Cameron Weber， a senior lecturer at Chemical Sciences， said. “In fact， there’s actually more gold in e-waste as a concentration than there is in gold that’s been mined， which shows you the value of being able to take your e-waste and recycle and reuse some of the elements that are found in it.”
　　Looking ahead， Crush， explained the process could potentially have a number of interesting applications. “The future for Mint Innovation is to prove that our technology works with a number of different materials，” he said. “So， we’ll just keep trying to see where our microbial process makes more sense.”
9.What is Mint Innovation trying to do？（　　）
A.To develop eco-friendly products.
B.To change the “throwaway culture”.
C.To collect harmful things in e-waste.
D.To get valuable things from e-waste.
10.What is an important step in Mint Innovation’s system？（　?。?br/>A.Mixing e-waste with gold.
B.Reusing elements of e-waste.
C.Turning e-waste into tiny pieces.
D.Exposing e-waste to special chemicals.
11.What does Cameron Weber mainly want to express in the last but one paragraph？（　?。?br/>A.The ways of dealing with e-waste.
B.The necessity of reducing e-waste.
C.The difficulty of recycling e-waste.
D.The meaning of recycling e-waste.
12.What is Crush’s attitude towards the company’s technology？（　　）
A.Concerned. B.Positive.
C.Doubtful. D.Objective.
Ⅱ.完形填空
One Saturday evening， there was a knock at my door.My friend Jacqui was standing there holding a bloodstained towel 　13　 around something.“I saw him being hit by a car and 　14　 to the side of the road，” she said.“It’s an echidna （針鼴）.He may have lost a leg.”
Birds are my 　15　 specialty.I know a lot about the local native varieties that live around the caravan park I manage.The Parks and Wildlife officers and tourists often drop off injured birds to me to nurse back to 　16　， but I’d never handled an echidna.
I took this little creature， carefully 　17　 him and， to my relief， saw that all four legs were 　18　.There was blood streaming from his nose.A few hours later， I arrived home from the local vet， 　19　 with a small oxygen tank and mask attached to the echidna’s nose， who was nestled inside a cage.
The next morning， I removed the oxygen mask.He seemed 　20　， backing off， but his condition was much improved.We had an empty aviary （鳥舍） in the garden and inside it was a large bath.I 　21　 the bath was the best place to keep him.I placed lots of leaf litter on the 　22　 of the bath for him to dig and bury himself in.
When I checked on him the next day， all the leaf litter was 　23　 at one end of the bath and a large hole had been dug along the side of the aviary.There was no echidna.I eventually found him attempting a（n） 　24　 under our front gate.He was 　25　 ready to go home， so Jacqui and I drove to the spot where she’d found him and placed the cage on the 　26　， and watched as he happily went off.These clever creatures know when it’s time to 　27　 and leave.
13.（　）A.shown B.wrapped
C.placed D.thrown
14.（　）A.walk B.rush
C.jump D.roll
15.（?。〢.usual B.inconvenient
C.irregular D.straight
16.（?。〢.energy B.health
C.figure D.weight
17.（?。〢.unwrapped B.conserved
C.cured D.unlocked
18.（?。〢.unearthed B.broken
C.unhurt D.connected
19.（?。〢.decorated B.supplied
C.armed D.educated
20.（?。〢.unconscious B.alarmed
C.concerned D.excited
21.（?。〢.figured B.mistook
C.protected D.ignored
22.（　）A.front B.top
C.surface D.bottom
23.（　）A.washed away B.spread over
C.piled up D.eaten up
24.（?。〢.fight B.competition
C.escape D.struggle
25.（?。〢.luckily B.obviously
C.seemingly D.deliberately
26.（?。〢.ground B.road
C.car D.tree
27.（　）A.celebrate B.honor
C.decide D.arrive
Section Ⅱ　Using language
基礎(chǔ)知識自測
維度一
1.reduce　2.smog　3.lectures　4.permission　5.flood
6.drought　7.adopted　8.oceans　9.restore
10.sustainable
維度二
1.noticed a bird catching
2.listen to English spoken by others
3.found many oranges hanging from the branches
4.see their garden taken good care of
5.make herself heard
6.With so many people looking at her
7.get your car washed
維度三
1.found our hometown changed a lot　2.are seen becoming　3.notice high buildings built　4.find their income increasing
5.feel people enjoying
素養(yǎng)能力提升
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了圈養(yǎng)繁殖項目促進了加州禿鷹數(shù)量的增加。
1.B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，圈養(yǎng)繁殖計劃促成了1987年加州禿鷹數(shù)量的增加。
2.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句可知，作者認(rèn)為在野外拍攝加州禿鷹很難。
3.B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句可知，作者通過照片做記錄與美國魚類和野生動物管理局團隊合作。
4.D　標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)全文可知，文章主要介紹了圈養(yǎng)繁殖項目促進了加州禿鷹數(shù)量的增加。因此D項可作為文章最佳標(biāo)題。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了修建三江源國家公園的背景、目的，以及志愿者為保護三江源地區(qū)所付出的努力。
5.B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的And yet， because of its weak ecosystem and human activities， the environment in Sanjiangyuan is becoming worse可知，三江源現(xiàn)在面臨著日益惡化的環(huán)境問題。
6.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的putting the country’s water source at risk以及第三段中的This is why China built its very first national park， the Sanjiangyuan National Park， to protect the sources in 2020.可知，中國在2020年建設(shè)三江源國家公園是為了保護水源。
7.D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句以及第六段內(nèi)容可以推斷出，任士海是通過提高當(dāng)?shù)睾⒆訉θ粗匾缘恼J(rèn)識，從而提高他們對三江源加以保護的意識。
8.C　觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段中的hopefully可以推斷出，作者對三江源的未來是充滿希望的，即樂觀的。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一家位于新西蘭奧克蘭的清潔技術(shù)公司，它利用一種技術(shù)提取電子垃圾中有價值的東西。
9.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知，Mint Innovation正盡力從電子垃圾中獲取有價值的東西。
10.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句可知，Mint創(chuàng)新系統(tǒng)的重要步驟是把電子垃圾變成小碎片。
11.D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，Cameron Weber想要表達回收電子垃圾的意義。
12.B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可推知，Crush對于公司科技的態(tài)度是積極的。
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者和朋友救了一只受傷的針鼴后悉心照顧它，并在它傷好后將它送回大自然的故事。
13.B　根據(jù)空前的a bloodstained towel和空后的around something可知，朋友用毛巾將受傷的針鼴包住了。
14.D　根據(jù)空前的being hit by a car和空后的to the side of the road可推知，針鼴被撞后應(yīng)該就勢滾到了路邊。
15.A　根據(jù)下文The Parks and Wildlife officers and tourists often drop off injured birds to me to nurse back to 　16　， but I’d never handled an echidna.可知，鳥類是作者的專長。
16.B　根據(jù)上文語境可知，作者對本土鳥類了解很多，公園和野生動物管理人員和游客經(jīng)常把受傷的鳥交給作者，讓作者照顧它們恢復(fù)健康，但作者從來沒有接觸過針鼴。
17.A　此處指作者檢查針鼴的傷勢，所以是打開包裹。
18.C　根據(jù)空前的to my relief以及空后的There was blood streaming from his nose.可知，針鼴的腿并沒有受傷，受傷的是它的鼻子。
19.C　根據(jù)語境可知，作者從當(dāng)?shù)孬F醫(yī)那里帶回了一罐氧氣。be armed with 意為“裝備有；用……武裝”。
20.B　根據(jù)空后的backing off可知，針鼴對于作者的在場是驚恐的。
21.A　根據(jù)下文 I placed lots of leaf litter on the 　22　 of the bath for him to dig and bury himself in.可知，作者將針鼴放在了浴缸里，所以此處指作者認(rèn)為浴缸是關(guān)它的最好地方。
22.D　根據(jù)下文When I checked on him the next day， all the leaf litter was 　23　 at one end of the bath and a large hole had been dug along the side of the aviary.可知，作者將大量的樹葉放在了浴缸底部以方便針鼴挖洞把自己埋進去。
23.C　根據(jù)空后at one end of the bath and a large hole had been dug along the side of the aviary可知，針鼴為了在鳥舍一側(cè)挖洞將鋪在浴缸底部的樹葉都移到了浴缸的一端。
24.C　針鼴在浴缸一端挖了一個大洞，所以應(yīng)該是試圖從作者的前門下逃跑。
25.B　針鼴在浴缸一端挖了一個大洞，所以很明顯應(yīng)該是想要逃離鳥舍這個地方，準(zhǔn)備回家。
26.A　作者和朋友將針鼴送回了發(fā)現(xiàn)它的地方，并將籠子放在了地上以方便它離開。
27.D　根據(jù)上文These clever creatures以及空后的and leave可知，空處應(yīng)與leave相對，所以此處指這些聰明的生物對于什么時候到達和離開是很清楚的。
6 / 6Section Ⅱ　Using language
動詞-ing形式和過去分詞作賓語補足語
①I could feel the wind blowing on my face.
②I saw the little boy beaten by Bob.
③She has me repairing her computer all the morning.
④She had/got her computer stolen the other day.
⑤The woman found her necklace stolen after she got home.
⑥The father left the seven-month-old baby crying in the bed.
⑦With everything well arranged，the manager left the office.
【我的發(fā)現(xiàn)】
1.句①為“感官動詞＋賓語＋動詞-ing形式”結(jié)構(gòu)，動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語，強調(diào)動作的延續(xù)性，表示動作　　　　　　。
2.句②為“感官動詞＋賓語＋過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，過去分詞作賓語補足語，表示　　　　　　。
3.句③為“使役動詞have/has＋賓語＋動詞-ing形式”結(jié)構(gòu)，動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語，表示　　　　　　。
4.句④為“使役動詞have/get＋賓語＋過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，過去分詞作賓語補足語，表示　　　　。
5.句⑤為“find＋賓語＋過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)……被……”，過去分詞表示　　　　　　。
6.句⑥為“l(fā)eave＋賓語＋動詞-ing形式”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“讓/聽任……保持……的狀態(tài)”，動詞-ing形式表示　　　　　　。
7.句⑦為“with＋賓語＋過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“隨著……被……”，過去分詞表示　　　　　　。
一、動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語
1.構(gòu)成動詞-ing形式的動詞與賓語之間的關(guān)系
動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語，有doing和being done兩種形式。構(gòu)成動詞-ing形式的動詞與賓語之間若是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，則用doing表示正在進行的主動動作；若是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，則用being done表示正在進行的被動動作。
2.動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語的情況
（1）位于感官動詞后，如see， hear， feel， smell， watch， notice等。
I felt somebody standing behind me.
我感覺有人正站在我后面。
（2）位于使役動詞后，如have， get， keep， leave， send， set等。
The arrival of the police sent the robbers running away far and wide.
警察的到來使強盜們正在四處逃竄。
（3）用于with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中。
She fell asleep with the light still burning.
她睡著了，燈還亮著。
【即時演練1】　用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
?、貶earing the telephone ringing，she rushed out of the kitchen and left the water 　　　　　　（boil）.
②With Teachers’ Day 　　　　　?。╠raw） near， we held a heated discussion on how to celebrate it.
③—Do you often hear John 　　　　　?。╯ing） in his room？
—Yes.Listen，now we can hear him 　　　　　　（sing） in his room.
④John caught his sister 　　　　　?。╮ead） his private letters.
二、過去分詞作賓語補足語
1.構(gòu)成過去分詞的動詞與賓語之間的關(guān)系
（1）及物動詞的過去分詞用作賓語補足語時，賓語是構(gòu)成過去分詞的動詞的邏輯賓語，賓語和構(gòu)成過去分詞的動詞之間存在邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。
I want the letter posted.
我想把這封信寄出去。
（2）少數(shù)不及物動詞如go，fall等的過去分詞作賓語補足語時，僅表示動作已完成。因此，賓語與構(gòu)成過去分詞的動詞之間不存在邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。
She found her necklace gone on her way home.
她在回家的路上發(fā)現(xiàn)她的項鏈不見了。
（3）動詞seat， hide， dress等的過去分詞作賓語補足語一般表示狀態(tài)，而不表示被動意義。
When I came in，I found a strange girl seated in the corner.
我進來時，發(fā)現(xiàn)一個陌生的女孩坐在角落里。
2.過去分詞作賓語補足語的情況
（1）用在表示狀態(tài)的動詞keep， leave等的后面。
He got up late and hurried to work， leaving the breakfast untouched.
他起床晚了，沒吃早飯就匆忙去上班了。
（2）用在使役動詞have， get， make等的后面。
①“have/get＋賓語＋過去分詞”意為“讓別人做某事”，不過“have＋賓語＋過去分詞”還有“遭遇到某種不幸”之意。
Claire had her luggage checked an hour before her plane left.
在飛機起飛前一個小時克萊爾對行李進行了安檢。
While she was shopping in the supermarket， she had her mobile phone stolen.
她在超市購物時，她的手機被偷了。
②在“make＋賓語＋過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞表示結(jié)果。
They managed to make themselves understood by using very simple English.
他們用很淺易的英語來設(shè)法使自己被理解。
（3）用在感官動詞see， hear， notice， observe， watch， feel， find等的后面。
When we saw the road blocked with snow，we decided to spend the holiday at home.
當(dāng)我們看到道路被雪封住后，我們決定在家過假期。
（4）用在表示心理狀態(tài)的動詞think， suppose， consider等的后面。
They considered the matter settled.
他們認(rèn)為這個問題解決了。
（5）用在with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中作賓語補足語，過去分詞與賓語之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。
The living room is clean and tidy，with a dining table already laid for a meal to be cooked.
客廳既干凈又整潔，已擺好了餐桌準(zhǔn)備放即將做好的飯菜。
【即時演練2】　用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
　①Her smart phone was found 　　　　?。╯teal） after she got home.
②Recently， the boy has had a decline in sight， so he should have his eyes 　　　　　?。╡xamine）.
③We had better have the dangerous house 　　　　　?。╬ull） down as soon as possible.
④With the maths problem 　　　　　?。╯olve）， we waved goodbye to our teacher and left the classroom.
三、動詞-ing形式、過去分詞、動詞不定式作賓語補足語的區(qū)別
非謂語動詞 作賓語補足語的用法
動詞 -ing 形式 表示正在進行的主動動作或被動動作 I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday. 昨天我經(jīng)過她的房間時，聽到她正在唱一首英文歌。 I heard a song being sung when I passed by her room yesterday. 昨天我經(jīng)過她的房間時，聽到有人在唱歌。
過去 分詞 表示被動或動作已完成 I heard the English song sung many times. 我聽到那首英文歌被唱了許多次。
動詞不 定式 在with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，構(gòu)成不定式的動詞表示的動作還未發(fā)生；感官動詞后作賓語補足語的動詞不定式（通常省略to）強調(diào)動作發(fā)生的全過程 With a lot of homework to do，Tom can’t go to the cinema with his father. 因為有很多作業(yè)要做，湯姆不能和他爸爸一起去看電影。 I heard her sing an English song just now. 我剛才聽到她唱了一首英文歌。
【即時演練3】　補全句子
?、買 must 　　　　　　　　　　　　　before the boss comes back.
我必須在老板回來之前讓人把小汽車修好。
②I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　in the kitchen.
我聞到廚房里有東西燒著了。
③I 　　　　　　　　　at the school gate.
我看到她在校門口被人打了。
④When she came to life， she 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　by many people.
當(dāng)她醒過來時，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被好多人圍著。
⑤I can’t go out 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
有這些衣服要洗，我不能出去。
devote v.致力，獻身，傾注
【教材原句】　Now， she is a model and performance artist devoted to ocean conservation.
現(xiàn)在，她是一位致力于海洋保護的模特和表演藝術(shù)家。
【用法】　
（1）devote ...to　　　把……用于/致力于……
devote oneself to 獻身于……；致力于……
（2）devoted adj. 忠實的；深愛的
be devoted to （doing） sth 致力于（做）某事
be devoted to sb 深愛著某人
a devoted fan 忠實的粉絲
（3）devotion n. 關(guān)愛；關(guān)照；奉獻；忠誠
devotion to 對……的關(guān)愛/投入/忠誠
【佳句】　I often devote my free time to playing badminton with my classmates in the school stadium.
我經(jīng)常把我的空閑時間用于和我的同學(xué)們在學(xué)校體育館打羽毛球。
【點津】　devote ...to中的to是介詞，后接動詞時應(yīng)用動詞-ing形式。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①The legend of the cowherd and the weaving maid， standing for 　　　　　?。╠evote） love， has taken root in the heart of everyone.
②Society even praises “burning the candle at both ends” as a sign of our 　　　　　　（devote） to work and family.
③To be honest， I can only devote two hours a day to 　　　　　　　（share） with my children.
【寫美】　補全句子
④Responsible and 　　　　　　　　　　community work， he is praised by the people around.
他負(fù)責(zé)任，致力于社區(qū)工作，受到了周圍人的稱贊。（人物介紹）
reserve n.（野生生物）保護區(qū)； 儲備（量），貯藏（量） vt.預(yù)訂，預(yù)約（座位、席位、房間等）；保留，預(yù)留
【教材原句】　Hello from Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve （SNNR）.
大家好，這里是三江源國家級自然保護區(qū)。
【用法】　
（1）reserve sth for sb　為某人預(yù)留某物
reserve a room/table/seat 預(yù)訂房間/桌子/座位
reserve the right to do sth 保留做某事的權(quán)利
（2）keep sth in reserve　　　保存某物以備用
（3）reservation n. 預(yù)約，預(yù)訂；保留
without reservation 毫無保留地
make a reservation 預(yù)約
【佳句】　Many endangered animals are protected in nature reserves.
許多瀕臨滅絕的動物在自然保護區(qū)受到保護。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①We always keep some money 　　　　　reserve just in case.
②Fortunately， with people’s attitudes towards wildlife changed， many nature 　　　　　　（reserve） have been established.
③I’d like to reserve a table in the name of Jack 　　　　three for eight o’clock.
【寫美】　補全句子
④I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　three days ago.My name is Ruth Carson.
我三天前在這家旅館預(yù)訂了房間。我叫魯思·卡森。
damage v.破損，損害，損傷n.[U] 損失，破壞，損壞；損害，傷害；[pl.] （法院判定的）損害賠償金
【教材原句】　In recent years， we have seen large areas of wetland that were damaged by human activity.近年來，我們看到由于人類活動大片的濕地被破壞。
【用法】　
（1）damage one’s health　　　損害某人的健康
（2）cause/do damage to ... 對……造成損害
【辨清】
（1）damage 表示“損害，損壞”，程度較輕，所帶來的損傷是可修復(fù)的。
（2）destroy 指徹底毀壞，所帶來的損壞是不能修復(fù)的，也可表示希望破滅、計劃落空等。
（3）ruin 指徹底毀掉，這種毀壞多是由自然力量、個人疏忽等造成的，現(xiàn)多用于希望破滅、計劃落空等。
【練透】　選詞填空（destroy， damage， ruin）
①The whole village was 　　　　　　in the war， leaving nothing to the native people.
②They managed to repair the houses that were badly 　　　　　　in the earthquake.
③That mistake 　　　　　　his chances of getting the well-paid job.
【寫美】　補全句子
④As we all know， smoking cigarettes can 　　　　　　　　　　　　.（damage n.）
眾所周知，吸煙會損害我們的健康。
affect v.影響；對……有影響；侵襲；感動
【教材原句】　We’ve also seen droughts and floods caused by these changes，which affect the water supply downstream.
我們還看到了由這些變化引起的干旱和洪水，這些變化影響了下游的供水。
【用法】　
（1）be deeply affected by 　被……深深打動
be affected with 患有……疾病
（2）effect n. 作用；影響
have an effect on 對……產(chǎn)生影響
come into effect 生效；開始實施
【佳句】　This disease affects millions of people’s health in the world every year.
這種病每年影響世界上數(shù)百萬人的健康。
【助記】　A number of new laws will come into effect next month， which will have an effect on people’s lives.下個月將開始實施許多新法規(guī)，這會對人們的生活產(chǎn)生影響。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①The mayor decided to visit the villages that 　　　　　?。╝ffect） by the flood.
②Global warming and climate change are having a great effect 　　　　the plants and animals on Earth.
③The new regulation doesn’t come 　　　　effect until the first of June.
【寫美】　補全句子
④　　　　　　　　　　 the selfless doctor， I have taken to the career.
在這位無私的醫(yī)生的影響下，我喜歡上了這個職業(yè)。
supply n.（煤氣、電力、自來水等）供應(yīng)（系統(tǒng)） v.（尤指大量）供應(yīng)，供給，提供
【教材原句】　We’ve also seen droughts and floods caused by these changes，which affect the water supply downstream.
我們還看到了由這些變化引起的干旱和洪水，這些變化影響了下游的供水。
【用法】　
（1）supply sth to sb＝supply sb with sth 向某人提供某物
（2）be in short supply 短缺
a large supply of/large supplies of 大量……的供應(yīng)
gas/electricity/water supply 煤氣/電力/自來水供應(yīng)（系統(tǒng)）
【佳句】　If you fail to pay your electricity bill in time， you run the risk of having your electricity supply cut off.
如果你未能及時付電費賬單，就有被斷電的風(fēng)險。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①The natural resources， such as coal and oil， are 　　　　short supply in this country.
②Whenever she goes out， she always takes a large supply 　　　　baby food with her.
【寫美】　補全句子
③Moreover， the competition will 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　to develop your creativity and build friendship with students who share the same interest with you.
此外，這次比賽將會給你提供一個發(fā)展創(chuàng)造力，同時與有相同興趣的同學(xué)們建立友誼的機會。（告知信）
reduce v.減少，降低
【教材原句】　Reduce waste by choosing reusable products ...
通過選擇可以重復(fù)使用的產(chǎn)品來減少浪費……
【用法】　
（1）reduce ...
reduce sb to tears/silence 使某人流淚/沉默
reduce sth to ruins 把某物淪為廢墟
（2）reduction n. 減少；縮小
【佳句】　Though reduced to ruins in the terrible earthquake， the city began to breathe again.
雖然這座城市在可怕的地震中淪為一片廢墟，但它又開始復(fù)蘇了。
【點津】　在reduce ...to ...中，介詞to后跟減少后的量，而在reduce ...by ...中，介詞by后跟減少的量。decrease也有類似用法。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①It was so foggy a day that the driver had to reduce the speed 　　　　forty kilometers an hour.
②Thanks to the new techology， costs have been reduced 　　　　20% over the past year.
【寫美】　補全句子
③One of the most effective ways 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　is to talk about your feelings with someone you trust.
減少壓力最有效的方法之一是與信任的人談?wù)勀愕母惺?。（建議信）
Section Ⅱ　Using language
【重難語法·要攻克】
我的發(fā)現(xiàn)
1.正在進行　2.被動　3.主動　4.被動　5.被動　6.主動　7.被動
即時演練1
①boiling?、赿rawing?、踫ing； singing?、躵eading
即時演練2
①stolen?、趀xamined?、踦ulled?、躶olved
即時演練3
①have the car repaired?、趕mell something burning
③saw her beaten　④found herself surrounded
⑤with these clothes to wash
【知識要點·須拾遺】
1.①devoted　②devotion?、踫haring
④devoted to/devoting himself to
2.①in?、趓eserves?、踗or
④made a reservation in this hotel
3.①destroyed　②damaged?、踨uined
④cause/do damage to our health
4.①were affected?、趏n?、踚nto?、蹵ffected by
5.①in?、趏f?、踫upply/provide you with a chance
6.①to?、赽y?、踭o reduce stress
8 / 8(共90張PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Using language
1
重難語法·要攻克
目 錄
3
課時檢測·提能力
2
知識要點·須拾遺
重難語法·要攻克
掌握核心語法
1
動詞-ing形式和過去分詞作賓語補足語
①I could feel the wind blowing on my face.
②I saw the little boy beaten by Bob.
③She has me repairing her computer all the morning.
④She had/got her computer stolen the other day.
⑤The woman found her necklace stolen after she got home.
⑥The father left the seven-month-old baby crying in the bed.
⑦With everything well arranged，the manager left the office.
【我的發(fā)現(xiàn)】
1. 句①為“感官動詞＋賓語＋動詞-ing形式”結(jié)構(gòu)，動詞-ing形式作
賓語補足語，強調(diào)動作的延續(xù)性，表示動作 。
2. 句②為“感官動詞＋賓語＋過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，過去分詞作賓語補足
語，表示 。
3. 句③為“使役動詞have/has＋賓語＋動詞-ing形式”結(jié)構(gòu)，動詞-ing
形式作賓語補足語，表示 。
4. 句④為“使役動詞have/get＋賓語＋過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，過去分詞作
賓語補足語，表示 。
正在進行　
被動　
主動　
被動　
5. 句⑤為“find＋賓語＋過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)……
被……”，過去分詞表示 。
6. 句⑥為“l(fā)eave＋賓語＋動詞-ing形式”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“讓/聽任……保
持……的狀態(tài)”，動詞-ing形式表示 。
7. 句⑦為“with＋賓語＋過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“隨著……
被……”，過去分詞表示 。
被動　
主動　
被動　
一、動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語
1. 構(gòu)成動詞-ing形式的動詞與賓語之間的關(guān)系
動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語，有doing和being done兩種形式。構(gòu)成
動詞-ing形式的動詞與賓語之間若是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，則用doing
表示正在進行的主動動作；若是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，則用being
done表示正在進行的被動動作。
2. 動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語的情況
（1）位于感官動詞后，如see， hear， feel， smell， watch，
notice等。
I felt somebody standing behind me.
我感覺有人正站在我后面。
（2）位于使役動詞后，如have， get， keep， leave， send，
set等。
The arrival of the police sent the robbers running away far and wide.
警察的到來使強盜們正在四處逃竄。
（3）用于with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中。
She fell asleep with the light still burning.
她睡著了，燈還亮著。
【即時演練1】　用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
?、貶earing the telephone ringing，she rushed out of the kitchen and left
the water （boil）.
②With Teachers’ Day （draw） near， we held a heated
discussion on how to celebrate it.
③—Do you often hear John （sing） in his room？
—Yes.Listen，now we can hear him （sing） in his room.
④John caught his sister （read） his private letters.
boiling　
drawing　
sing　
singing　
reading　
二、過去分詞作賓語補足語
1. 構(gòu)成過去分詞的動詞與賓語之間的關(guān)系
（1）及物動詞的過去分詞用作賓語補足語時，賓語是構(gòu)成過去分
詞的動詞的邏輯賓語，賓語和構(gòu)成過去分詞的動詞之間存在
邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。
I want the letter posted.
我想把這封信寄出去。
（2）少數(shù)不及物動詞如go，fall等的過去分詞作賓語補足語時，僅
表示動作已完成。因此，賓語與構(gòu)成過去分詞的動詞之間不
存在邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。
She found her necklace gone on her way home.
她在回家的路上發(fā)現(xiàn)她的項鏈不見了。
（3）動詞seat， hide， dress等的過去分詞作賓語補足語一般表示
狀態(tài)，而不表示被動意義。
When I came in，I found a strange girl seated in the corner.
我進來時，發(fā)現(xiàn)一個陌生的女孩坐在角落里。
2. 過去分詞作賓語補足語的情況
（1）用在表示狀態(tài)的動詞keep， leave等的后面。
He got up late and hurried to work， leaving the breakfast
untouched.
他起床晚了，沒吃早飯就匆忙去上班了。
（2）用在使役動詞have， get， make等的后面。
①“have/get＋賓語＋過去分詞”意為“讓別人做某
事”，不過“have＋賓語＋過去分詞”還有“遭遇到某種
不幸”之意。
Claire had her luggage checked an hour before her plane left.
在飛機起飛前一個小時克萊爾對行李進行了安檢。
While she was shopping in the supermarket， she had her mobile
phone stolen.
她在超市購物時，她的手機被偷了。
②在“make＋賓語＋過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞表示結(jié)
果。
They managed to make themselves understood by using very
simple English.
他們用很淺易的英語來設(shè)法使自己被理解。
（3）用在感官動詞see， hear， notice， observe， watch， feel，
find等的后面。
When we saw the road blocked with snow，we decided to spend
the holiday at home.
當(dāng)我們看到道路被雪封住后，我們決定在家過假期。
（4）用在表示心理狀態(tài)的動詞think， suppose， consider等的
后面。
They considered the matter settled.
他們認(rèn)為這個問題解決了。
（5）用在with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中作賓語補足語，過去分詞與賓語之間是
邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。
The living room is clean and tidy，with a dining table already
laid for a meal to be cooked.
客廳既干凈又整潔，已擺好了餐桌準(zhǔn)備放即將做好的飯菜。
【即時演練2】　用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
　①Her smart phone was found （steal） after she got home.
②Recently， the boy has had a decline in sight， so he should have his
eyes （examine）.
③We had better have the dangerous house （pull） down as
soon as possible.
④With the maths problem （solve）， we waved goodbye to
our teacher and left the classroom.
stolen　
examined　
pulled　
solved　
三、動詞-ing形式、過去分詞、動詞不定式作賓語補足語的區(qū)別
非謂語動詞 作賓語補足語的用法
動詞-ing 形式 表示正在進行的主動動作或被動動作
I heard her singing an English song when I passed by
her room yesterday.
昨天我經(jīng)過她的房間時，聽到她正在唱一首英文歌。
I heard a song being sung when I passed by her room
yesterday.
昨天我經(jīng)過她的房間時，聽到有人在唱歌。
過去分詞 表示被動或動作已完成
I heard the English song sung many times.
我聽到那首英文歌被唱了許多次。
非謂語動詞 作賓語補足語的用法
動詞不定式 在with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，構(gòu)成不定式的動詞表示的動作
還未發(fā)生；感官動詞后作賓語補足語的動詞不定式
（通常省略to）強調(diào)動作發(fā)生的全過程
With a lot of homework to do，Tom can’t go to the
cinema with his father.
因為有很多作業(yè)要做，湯姆不能和他爸爸一起去看
電影。
I heard her sing an English song just now.
我剛才聽到她唱了一首英文歌。
【即時演練3】　補全句子
①I must before the boss comes back.
我必須在老板回來之前讓人把小汽車修好。
②I in the kitchen.
我聞到廚房里有東西燒著了。
③I at the school gate.
我看到她在校門口被人打了。
④When she came to life， she by many
people.
當(dāng)她醒過來時，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被好多人圍著。
⑤I can’t go out .
有這些衣服要洗，我不能出去。
have the car repaired　
smell something burning　
saw her beaten　
found herself surrounded　
with these clothes to wash　
知識要點·須拾遺
關(guān)注高頻詞匯
2
devote v.致力，獻身，傾注
【教材原句】　Now， she is a model and performance artist devoted to
ocean conservation.
現(xiàn)在，她是一位致力于海洋保護的模特和表演藝術(shù)家。
【用法】　　
（1）devote ...to 把……用于/致力于……
devote oneself to 獻身于……；致力于……
（2）devoted adj. 忠實的；深愛的
be devoted to （doing） sth 致力于（做）某事
be devoted to sb 深愛著某人
a devoted fan 忠實的粉絲
（3）devotion n. 關(guān)愛；關(guān)照；奉獻；忠誠
devotion to 對……的關(guān)愛/投入/忠誠
【佳句】　I often devote my free time to playing badminton with my
classmates in the school stadium.
我經(jīng)常把我的空閑時間用于和我的同學(xué)們在學(xué)校體育館打羽毛球。
【點津】　devote ...to中的to是介詞，后接動詞時應(yīng)用動詞-ing
形式。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①The legend of the cowherd and the weaving maid， standing
for （devote） love， has taken root in the heart of
everyone.
②Society even praises “burning the candle at both ends” as a sign of
our （devote） to work and family.
③To be honest， I can only devote two hours a day to
（share） with my children.
devoted　
devotion　
sharing　
【寫美】　補全句子
④Responsible and community work，
he is praised by the people around.
他負(fù)責(zé)任，致力于社區(qū)工作，受到了周圍人的稱贊。（人物介紹）
devoted to/devoting himself to　
reserve n.（野生生物）保護區(qū)； 儲備（量），貯藏（量） vt.預(yù)
訂，預(yù)約（座位、席位、房間等）；保留，預(yù)留
【教材原句】　Hello from Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve
（SNNR）.
大家好，這里是三江源國家級自然保護區(qū)。
【用法】　　
（1）reserve sth for sb 為某人預(yù)留某物
reserve a room/table/seat 預(yù)訂房間/桌子/座位
reserve the right to do sth 保留做某事的權(quán)利
（2）keep sth in reserve 保存某物以備用
（3）reservation n. 預(yù)約，預(yù)訂；保留
without reservation 毫無保留地
make a reservation 預(yù)約
【佳句】 Many endangered animals are protected in nature reserves.
許多瀕臨滅絕的動物在自然保護區(qū)受到保護。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①We always keep some money reserve just in case.
②Fortunately， with people’s attitudes towards wildlife changed， many nature （reserve） have been established.
③I’d like to reserve a table in the name of Jack three for eight o’clock.
in　
reserves　
for　
【寫美】　補全句子
④I three days ago.My name is Ruth
Carson.
我三天前在這家旅館預(yù)訂了房間。我叫魯思·卡森。
made a reservation in this hotel　
damage v.破損，損害，損傷n.[U] 損失，破壞，損壞；損害，傷
害；[pl.] （法院判定的）損害賠償金
【教材原句】　In recent years， we have seen large areas of wetland that
were damaged by human activity.
近年來，我們看到由于人類活動大片的濕地被破壞。
【用法】　　
（1）damage one’s health 損害某人的健康
（2）cause/do damage to ... 對……造成損害
【辨清】
（1）damage 表示“損害，損壞”，程度較輕，所帶來的損傷是可修
復(fù)的。
（2）destroy 指徹底毀壞，所帶來的損壞是不能修復(fù)的，也可表示希
望破滅、計劃落空等。
（3）ruin 指徹底毀掉，這種毀壞多是由自然力量、個人疏忽等造成
的，現(xiàn)多用于希望破滅、計劃落空等。
【練透】　選詞填空（destroy， damage， ruin）
①The whole village was in the war， leaving
nothing to the native people.
②They managed to repair the houses that were badly
in the earthquake.
③That mistake his chances of getting the well-paid job.
【寫美】　補全句子
④As we all know， smoking cigarettes can
.（damage n.）
眾所周知，吸煙會損害我們的健康。
destroyed　
damaged　
ruined　
cause/do damage to
our health　
affect v.影響；對……有影響；侵襲；感動
【教材原句】　We’ve also seen droughts and floods caused by these
changes，which affect the water supply downstream.我們還看到了由這
些變化引起的干旱和洪水，這些變化影響了下游的供水。
【用法】　　
（1）be deeply affected by 被……深深打動
be affected with 患有……疾病
（2）effect n. 作用；影響
have an effect on 對……產(chǎn)生影響
come into effect 生效；開始實施
【佳句】　This disease affects millions of people’s health in the world
every year.
這種病每年影響世界上數(shù)百萬人的健康。
【助記】　A number of new laws will come into effect next month，
which will have an effect on people’s lives.下個月將開始實施許多新
法規(guī)，這會對人們的生活產(chǎn)生影響。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①The mayor decided to visit the villages that
（affect） by the flood.
②Global warming and climate change are having a great effect the
plants and animals on Earth.
③The new regulation doesn’t come effect until the first of
June.
【寫美】　補全句子
④ the selfless doctor， I have taken to the career.
在這位無私的醫(yī)生的影響下，我喜歡上了這個職業(yè)。
were affected　
on　
into　
Affected by　
supply n.（煤氣、電力、自來水等）供應(yīng)（系統(tǒng)） v.（尤指大量）
供應(yīng)，供給，提供
【教材原句】　We’ve also seen droughts and floods caused by these
changes，which affect the water supply downstream.我們還看到了由這
些變化引起的干旱和洪水，這些變化影響了下游的供水。
【用法】　　
（1）supply sth to sb＝supply sb with sth 向某人提供某物
（2）be in short supply 短缺
a large supply of/large supplies of 大量……的供應(yīng)
gas/electricity/water supply 煤氣/電力/自來水供應(yīng)（系統(tǒng)）
【佳句】　If you fail to pay your electricity bill in time， you run the risk
of having your electricity supply cut off.
如果你未能及時付電費賬單，就有被斷電的風(fēng)險。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①The natural resources， such as coal and oil， are short supply
in this country.
②Whenever she goes out， she always takes a large supply baby
food with her.
in　
of　
【寫美】　補全句子
③Moreover， the competition will
to develop your creativity and build friendship with students who share the
same interest with you.
此外，這次比賽將會給你提供一個發(fā)展創(chuàng)造力，同時與有相同興趣的
同學(xué)們建立友誼的機會。（告知信）
supply/provide you with a chance　
reduce v.減少，降低
【教材原句】　Reduce waste by choosing reusable products ...通過選
擇可以重復(fù)使用的產(chǎn)品來減少浪費……
【用法】　　
（1）reduce ...
reduce sb to tears/silence 使某人流淚/沉默
reduce sth to ruins 把某物淪為廢墟
（2）reduction n. 減少；縮小
【佳句】　Though reduced to ruins in the terrible earthquake， the city
began to breathe again.
雖然這座城市在可怕的地震中淪為一片廢墟，但它又開始復(fù)蘇了。
【點津】　在reduce ...to ...中，介詞to后跟減少后的量，而在
reduce ...by ...中，介詞by后跟減少的量。decrease也有類似用法。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①It was so foggy a day that the driver had to reduce the speed forty
kilometers an hour.
②Thanks to the new techology， costs have been reduced 20%
over the past year.
【寫美】　補全句子
③One of the most effective ways is to talk about your
feelings with someone you trust.
減少壓力最有效的方法之一是與信任的人談?wù)勀愕母惺?。（建議信）
to　
by　
to reduce stress　
課時檢測·提能力
培育學(xué)科素養(yǎng)
3
維度一：基礎(chǔ)題型練
品句填詞
1. They are likely to （降低） the prices in the shop， so
it’s a good time to do some shopping.
2. The government has taken some effective measures to
prevent （霧霾） in winter.
reduce　
smog　
3. The professor gave a series of （講座） to first-year
students.
4. With my parents’ （允許）， I went to my best
friend Robert’s birthday party and didn’t go home until 10：00 pm.
5. Because of the （洪水）， the number of homeless people
has increased rapidly.
6. Millions of people are threatened with starvation as a result
of （干旱） and poor harvests.
lectures　
permission　
flood　
drought　
7. The three teams （采?。?three different ways to solve
the problem but they got the same result.
8. It is common knowledge that the world is made up of seven continents
and four o .
9. The measures are intended to r public confidence in the
economy.
10. Environment protection and s development are the main
trend at present.
adopted　
ceans　
estore　
ustainable　
維度二：語法與寫作
用“動詞＋賓語＋賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu)補全句子。
1. I looked up and worms in the tree.
我抬頭一看，注意到一只鳥正在樹上捕捉蟲子。
2. To learn English well， we should find opportunities to
as much as we can.
為了學(xué)好英語，我們應(yīng)該找機會盡可能多地聽別人說英語。
3. No sooner had we arrived at the farm than we
.
我們一到農(nóng)場，就發(fā)現(xiàn)樹枝上掛著許多橘子。
noticed a bird catching　
listen to
English spoken by others　
found many oranges
hanging from the branches　
4. Back from the vacation， the family was very happy to
by volunteers.
度假回來后，這家人很高興看見他們的花園被志愿者照顧得很好。
5. Helen had to raise her voice to in this noisy
lecture hall.
海倫不得不在這個喧鬧的演講廳里提高嗓門好讓別人聽到。
6. ， she felt nervous.
這么多人看著她，她感到緊張。
see their
garden taken good care of　
make herself heard
With so many people looking at her　
7. Before driving into the city， you are required to
.
開車進城前，你必須把車洗一洗。
get your car
washed　
維度三：語法與語篇
根據(jù)漢語提示補全短文。
We have 1. （發(fā)現(xiàn)我們的家
鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了很大的變化） over the past ten years.The roads 2.
（被看見正變得） wider and wider.And we can 3.
（注意到高樓建成） one after another.Life in the
town has become more convenient and comfortable than before.People
can 4. （發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的收入增長）
continuously.We can 5. （感覺到人們享受著）
their happy life.
found our hometown changed a lot　
are seen
becoming　
notice
high buildings built　
find their income increasing　
feel people enjoying　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　Finding a California condor in the wild would be the most unusual
treat， perhaps even more unusual than finding a wolf in Yellowstone
National Park. In fact， the wolf was what opened my eyes to the fact that
humans could bring an animal back to the place where it had disappeared.
　　In 1987， there were only 27 California condors left， none of which
were in the wild， only in captive breeding programs. It was those
breeding programs that contributed to their population rise， enough that
by 1991 some of them could be freed into the wild.
　　Still， the hope of seeing a California condor， which remains an
endangered species， is very low， let alone getting a photo of one.
California condor population dropped mostly due to human factors， such
as poaching and living areas destruction — these are challenges California
condors still face today.
　　Although this is just a bird’s-eye view of the challenges California
condors face and there are many others， it is part of why the opportunity
to work with the US Fish and Wildlife Service team and their partners
helping their recovery is so special to me as a photographer. I am not only
able to photograph the birds in their wild living areas， but also
understand and record how difficult the work is of those people on the
front lines of the protection.
　　I am grateful for the work of the team， and my hope is that
California condor population will continue to rise， allowing future
generations an opportunity I never had when I first got here — to look to
the sky and see one flying around.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了圈養(yǎng)繁殖項目促進
了加州禿鷹數(shù)量的增加。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了圈養(yǎng)繁殖項目促進
了加州禿鷹數(shù)量的增加。
1. What helped the increase of the California condor population in 1987？
（　　）
A. Rules for hunters.
B. Captive breeding programs.
C. The improved natural environment.
D. The enlargement of wild living areas.
解析： 　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，圈養(yǎng)繁殖計劃促成
了1987年加州禿鷹數(shù)量的增加。
2. What does the author say about taking photos of a California condor in
the wild？（　　）
A. It is difficult. B. It is easy.
C. It is boring. D. It is dangerous.
解析： 　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句可知，作者認(rèn)為在野外
拍攝加州禿鷹很難。
3. What did the author do when working with the US Fish and Wildlife
Service team？（　?。?br/>A. He guided ways for them.
B. He made records by photos.
C. He helped the birds to recover.
D. He rebuilt the birds’ living areas.
解析： 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句可知，作者通過
照片做記錄與美國魚類和野生動物管理局團隊合作。
4. What is the best title for the text？（　?。?br/>A. New Way， New Hope
B. Wolves and California Condors
C. A Photo of a California Condor
D. The California Condor’s Coming Back
解析： 　標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)全文可知，文章主要介紹了圈養(yǎng)繁殖
項目促進了加州禿鷹數(shù)量的增加。因此D項可作為文章最佳標(biāo)題。
B
It’s been given the title “Asia’s water tower”： Sanjiangyuan，
meaning “the source of three rivers”， is an area in Qinghai.It is the
source of the Yellow River， Yangtze River and Lancang River.
The three rivers provide water for as many as 600 million people， or
almost half the population of China.And yet， because of its weak
ecosystem and human activities， the environment in Sanjiangyuan is
becoming worse， putting the country’s water source at risk.
This is why China built its very first national park， the Sanjiangyuan
National Park， to protect the sources in 2020.The park will also increase
the area’s green coverage and become the home of many wildlife
species.
Long before the decision to build the park was made， however，
volunteers across the country had already started their own effort to protect
Sanjiangyuan.
Take Ren Shihai for example， a 38-year-old volunteer from
Beijing.Ren is a member of the Shan Shui Conservation Center， focusing
on environmental protection in the Sanjiangyuan area.He joined a team of
volunteers who taught at the No.2 Middle School in Zaduo county， in
Qinghai’s Yushu.He said he got a feeling of happiness when students
were very excited when he spoke about the rivers and mountains in
Sanjiangyuan and why it was important to protect them.
Zhaxi Bading， a 13-year-old Tibetan student， said he learned
something new in Ren’s class.“I know the rivers that run through my
hometown but I didn’t know their effects on the environment of the lower
reaches，” he said.“I’m proud that my hometown is beautiful， and I
want to protect it.”
Now under the protection of our country， hopefully “Asia’s water
tower” will still have that name for years to come.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了修建三江源國家公園的
背景、目的，以及志愿者為保護三江源地區(qū)所付出的努力。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了修建三江源國家公園的
背景、目的，以及志愿者為保護三江源地區(qū)所付出的努力。
5. What problem is Sanjiangyuan facing now？（　?。?br/>A. Less wildlife.
B. Worsening environment.
C. More visits.
D. Not enough water.
解析： 　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的And yet， because of its
weak ecosystem and human activities， the environment in
Sanjiangyuan is becoming worse可知，三江源現(xiàn)在面臨著日益惡化
的環(huán)境問題。
6. Why did China build the Sanjiangyuan National Park in 2020？
（　?。?br/>A. To protect the water sources.
B. To study the wildlife in the area.
C. To enlarge the area of green coverage.
D. To increase the number of wildlife species.
解析： 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的putting the country’s
water source at risk以及第三段中的This is why China built its very
first national park， the Sanjiangyuan National Park， to protect the
sources in 2020.可知，中國在2020年建設(shè)三江源國家公園是為了保
護水源。
7. How did Ren Shihai protect Sanjiangyuan？（　?。?br/>A. By advising the government to build a national park.
B. By keeping the rivers and mountains in the area natural.
C. By collecting enough money to feed its wild animals.
D. By raising local children’s awareness of protecting it.
解析： 　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句以及第六段內(nèi)容可以
推斷出，任士海是通過提高當(dāng)?shù)睾⒆訉θ粗匾缘恼J(rèn)識，從而
提高他們對三江源加以保護的意識。
8. What is the writer’s attitude towards the future of Sanjiangyuan？
（　　）
A. Unconcerned. B. Doubtful.
C. Positive. D. Worried.
解析： 　觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段中的hopefully可以推斷出，
作者對三江源的未來是充滿希望的，即樂觀的。
C
　　Cell phones， tablets， laptops， smart-watches： the modern world
is packed with a lot of devices that bring us connectivity， entertainment
and information. Our hunger for the latest models leads to the
“throwaway” culture， which means consumers often throw away old
devices as soon as new ones come to the market， a habit that can have a
significant effect on waste streams and the environment.
　　With concerns about e-waste growing， some companies are now
turning to chemistry to develop solutions to recycle items like old cell
phones， extracting value at the same time. One such example is the work
being carried out by Mint Innovation， a clean tech firm based in
Auckland， New Zealand. “We’ve developed a biological process for
recovering valuable metals from electronic waste，” said Ollie Crush，
the company’s chief scientific officer.
　　Crush explained that Mint Innovation’s system included grinding
（磨碎） waste up into a powder. “The reason why we must do this is
that we need to make sure that we’re exposing all the metal contained
within to a chemical filtering （過濾） process，” he added.
　　When it comes to recovering a valuable material like gold， the
technique used by Mint Innovation has a number of steps. According to a
video， chemicals dissolve （溶解） the powdered waste into a
solution， with any materials that haven’t dissolved filtered out.
Microbes are then added to the mix. Gold atoms catch on to them in a
process called “selective biosorption”. Next， the microbes coated gold
are filtered， producing a paste which is then turned into a solid，
“recycled” gold.
　　“Nearly 50% of the value of e-waste comes from the gold，”
Cameron Weber， a senior lecturer at Chemical Sciences， said. “In
fact， there’s actually more gold in e-waste as a concentration than there
is in gold that’s been mined， which shows you the value of being able
to take your e-waste and recycle and reuse some of the elements that are
found in it.”
　　Looking ahead， Crush， explained the process could potentially
have a number of interesting applications. “The future for Mint
Innovation is to prove that our technology works with a number of
different materials，” he said. “So， we’ll just keep trying to see
where our microbial process makes more sense.”
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一家位于新西蘭奧克蘭
的清潔技術(shù)公司，它利用一種技術(shù)提取電子垃圾中有價值的東西。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一家位于新西蘭奧克蘭
的清潔技術(shù)公司，它利用一種技術(shù)提取電子垃圾中有價值的東西。
9. What is Mint Innovation trying to do？（　　）
A. To develop eco-friendly products.
B. To change the “throwaway culture”.
C. To collect harmful things in e-waste.
D. To get valuable things from e-waste.
解析： 　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知，Mint
Innovation正盡力從電子垃圾中獲取有價值的東西。
10. What is an important step in Mint Innovation’s system？（　?。?br/>A. Mixing e-waste with gold.
B. Reusing elements of e-waste.
C. Turning e-waste into tiny pieces.
D. Exposing e-waste to special chemicals.
解析： 　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句可知，Mint創(chuàng)新系統(tǒng)
的重要步驟是把電子垃圾變成小碎片。
11. What does Cameron Weber mainly want to express in the last but one
paragraph？（　　）
A. The ways of dealing with e-waste.
B. The necessity of reducing e-waste.
C. The difficulty of recycling e-waste.
D. The meaning of recycling e-waste.
解析： 　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，Cameron
Weber想要表達回收電子垃圾的意義。
12. What is Crush’s attitude towards the company’s technology？
（　?。?br/>A. Concerned. B. Positive.
C. Doubtful. D. Objective.
解析： 　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可推知，Crush對于公
司科技的態(tài)度是積極的。
Ⅱ.完形填空
One Saturday evening， there was a knock at my door.My friend
Jacqui was standing there holding a bloodstained towel 　13　 around
something.“I saw him being hit by a car and 　14　 to the side of the
road，” she said.“It’s an echidna （針鼴）.He may have lost a
leg.”
Birds are my 　15　 specialty.I know a lot about the local native
varieties that live around the caravan park I manage.The Parks and
Wildlife officers and tourists often drop off injured birds to me to nurse
back to 　16　， but I’d never handled an echidna.
I took this little creature， carefully 　17　 him and， to my relief，
saw that all four legs were 　18　.There was blood streaming from his
nose.A few hours later， I arrived home from the local vet， 　19　 with
a small oxygen tank and mask attached to the echidna’s nose， who was
nestled inside a cage.
The next morning， I removed the oxygen mask.He
seemed 　20　， backing off， but his condition was much improved.We
had an empty aviary （鳥舍） in the garden and inside it was a large
bath.I 　21　 the bath was the best place to keep him.I placed lots of leaf
litter on the 　22　 of the bath for him to dig and bury himself in.
When I checked on him the next day， all the leaf litter was 　23　
at one end of the bath and a large hole had been dug along the side of the
aviary.There was no echidna.I eventually found him attempting a
（n） 　24　 under our front gate.He was 　25　 ready to go home， so
Jacqui and I drove to the spot where she’d found him and placed the cage
on the 　26　， and watched as he happily went off.These clever
creatures know when it’s time to 　27　 and leave.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者和朋友救了一
只受傷的針鼴后悉心照顧它，并在它傷好后將它送回大自然的故
事。
13. A. shown B. wrapped
C. placed D. thrown
解析： 　根據(jù)空前的a bloodstained towel和空后的around
something可知，朋友用毛巾將受傷的針鼴包住了。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者和朋友救了一
只受傷的針鼴后悉心照顧它，并在它傷好后將它送回大自然的故
事。
14. A. walk B. rush C. jump D. roll
解析： 根據(jù)空前的being hit by a car和空后的to the side of the
road可推知，針鼴被撞后應(yīng)該就勢滾到了路邊。
15. A. usual B. inconvenient
C. irregular D. straight
解析： 　根據(jù)下文The Parks and Wildlife officers and tourists often
drop off injured birds to me to nurse back to 　16　， but I’d never
handled an echidna.可知，鳥類是作者的專長。
16. A. energy B. health
C. figure D. weight
解析： 　根據(jù)上文語境可知，作者對本土鳥類了解很多，公園
和野生動物管理人員和游客經(jīng)常把受傷的鳥交給作者，讓作者照
顧它們恢復(fù)健康，但作者從來沒有接觸過針鼴。
17. A. unwrapped B. conserved
C. cured D. unlocked
解析： 　此處指作者檢查針鼴的傷勢，所以是打開包裹。
18. A. unearthed B. broken
C. unhurt D. connected
解析： 　根據(jù)空前的to my relief以及空后的There was blood
streaming from his nose.可知，針鼴的腿并沒有受傷，受傷的是它
的鼻子。
19. A. decorated B. supplied
C. armed D. educated
解析： 　根據(jù)語境可知，作者從當(dāng)?shù)孬F醫(yī)那里帶回了一罐氧
氣。be armed with 意為“裝備有；用……武裝”。
20. A. unconscious B. alarmed
C. concerned D. excited
解析： 　根據(jù)空后的backing off可知，針鼴對于作者的在場是驚
恐的。
21. A. figured B. mistook
C. protected D. ignored
解析： 　根據(jù)下文 I placed lots of leaf litter on the 　22　 of the
bath for him to dig and bury himself in.可知，作者將針鼴放在了浴
缸里，所以此處指作者認(rèn)為浴缸是關(guān)它的最好地方。
22. A. front B. top C. surface D. bottom
解析： 　根據(jù)下文When I checked on him the next day， all the
leaf litter was 　23　 at one end of the bath and a large hole had been
dug along the side of the aviary.可知，作者將大量的樹葉放在了浴
缸底部以方便針鼴挖洞把自己埋進去。
23. A. washed away B. spread over
C. piled up D. eaten up
解析： 　根據(jù)空后at one end of the bath and a large hole had been
dug along the side of the aviary可知，針鼴為了在鳥舍一側(cè)挖洞將
鋪在浴缸底部的樹葉都移到了浴缸的一端。
24. A. fight B. competition
C. escape D. struggle
解析： 　針鼴在浴缸一端挖了一個大洞，所以應(yīng)該是試圖從作
者的前門下逃跑。
25. A. luckily B. obviously
C. seemingly D. deliberately
解析： 　針鼴在浴缸一端挖了一個大洞，所以很明顯應(yīng)該是想
要逃離鳥舍這個地方，準(zhǔn)備回家。
26. A. ground B. road C. car D. tree
解析： 　作者和朋友將針鼴送回了發(fā)現(xiàn)它的地方，并將籠子放
在了地上以方便它離開。
27. A. celebrate B. honor
C. decide D. arrive
解析： 　根據(jù)上文These clever creatures以及空后的and leave可
知，空處應(yīng)與leave相對，所以此處指這些聰明的生物對于什么時
候到達和離開是很清楚的。
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