資源簡介

Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
維度一：品句填詞
1.The 　　　　　?。ùL） ordered the crew members to get the training done by two o’clock.
2.Writing out all the invitations by hand 　　　　　?。ㄏ模?more time than we had expected.
3.Employees in the company are 　　　　　（允許） to use the mobile phone during their free hours.
4.A number of other theories will be discussed in the following 　　　　　　（章節(jié)）； if you are interested， just keep reading.
5.The teacher， who has taught for over 30 years， is in 　　　　　?。ㄘ撠?zé)） of the school work now.
6.There is something about music that d　　　　 　 it from all other art forms.
7.He was standing on the tower looking at the lake b　　　　　　.
8.One-third of the town is covered with trees and the majority of the r　　　　　　 are black people.
維度二：詞形轉(zhuǎn)換
1.The girl used to be shy， but now she is 　　　　　（gradual） getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.
2.Fully absorbed in the 　　　　　　（fascinate） novel， he didn’t notice evening approaching.
3.People were 　　　　　?。╝stonish） to learn the news that the famous musician Zhao Yingjun had passed away.
4.You should have a goal 　　　　　?。╮elate） to your study at the beginning of a year.
5.You also need to judge the quality and 　　　　?。╠eep） of your motivation. This is quite important， because it is directly related to your commitment.
6.Your dad will go wild if he knows you drive his car without 　　　　　　（permit）.
維度三：固定搭配和句式
1.I heard that he got injured in the accident， 　　　　　　　　　　　?。ㄎ覂?nèi)心充滿了擔(dān)憂）.
2.People talked about it vividly， 　　　　　　　　　　　（好像他們都經(jīng)歷過一樣） themselves.
3.　　　　　　　　　　 （坐在樹下） a lovely girl aged about seventeen or eighteen.
4.To our shock， the car was stolen 　　　　　　　　　?。ㄔ诖蟀滋欤?
5.We set off in the early morning and arrived there 　　　　　　　　　　　　 （提前）.
維度四：課文語法填空
　　I 1.　　　　　　 （take） a walk under the waters of the sea many years ago.I will never forget the impression 2.　　　　　　 （leave） on me.I find words are not enough to relate the great wonders！ Captain Nemo walked in front， one of his men 3.　　　　　　 （follow） some steps behind.Conseil and I 4.　　　　　　　　 （keep） in metal cases but we remained near each other.Inside the metal cases， I didn’t feel the weight of anything around me， including my shoes， my air supply and my helmet， inside 5.　　　　　　 my head shook like a nut in its shell.
　　The light went through thirty feet of water and lit the soil below the surface of the ocean.The sunlight was so 6.　　　　　　 （power） that it consumed all colour.As 7.　　　　　　 result， I was able to see different objects 8.　　　　　　 a distance of a hundred and fifty yards.Beyond the sunlight， the colours became fine shades of deep blue and 9.　　　　　　 （gradual） disappeared.We were walking on the sand as if we were walking on a flat shore.When I tell you this story about my walk at the 10.　　　　　　 （deep） of thirty feet， I don’t expect you to believe me.
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　Climbers targeting peaks above 5，000 meters in the Xizang autonomous region， including the north side of Qomolangma， now have to apply for a permit， according to a rule issued by Chinese sports authorities.
　　To make climbing safer， or at least less deadly， the General Administration of Sport and the sports bureau of Xizang released a notification （通知） requiring climbers to send an application to the bureau at least a month in advance of their planned climb.It said climbing without permits will be strictly forbidden.
　　“In recent years， cases of injuries， missing people and deaths have been witnessed as a result of illegal climbing，” the notification said.“Climbing is a highly professional sport with high risk.Most illegal climbers lack professional skills， facilities and tour guides.Such activities will interfere with orderly climbing and bring risks， not only to the climbers themselves but also rescuers.They will also lead to a loss of personal or national property.”
　　Applications will need to detail each individual climber’s personal information， proposed climbing routes and related plans.Climbers are also being asked to obey related rules to protect mountain environments.The notification also urged regional government departments to strengthen safety checks and the prohibition of illegal climbing， encourage residents to join regular patrols near major climbing routes and promote public education on climbing safety.
　　In a previous interview with China Daily， Kul Bahadur Gurung， general secretary of the Nepal Mountaineering Association， said difficult weather conditions， lack of experience and support personnel， and the commercialization （商業(yè)化） of expeditions were the main reasons for the high death toll on the world’s highest peak.“Since the number of people reaching the summit of Everest is increasing， everyone thinks it is easier to climb and everyone can climb， which is a totally false idea，” he said.
1.Why is a permit needed for Qomolangma climbers？（　?。?br/>A.To stop illegal climbing.
B.To provide training ahead.
C.To limit the number of climbers.
D.To collect climbers’ information.
2.Which word can best replace the underlined words “interfere with” in Paragraph 3？（　　）
A.test　　　　　　　 B.change
C.replace　 D.disturb
3.What does Paragraph 4 focus on about the notification？（　?。?br/>A.Its content.　 B.Its purpose.
C.Its background.　 D.Its impact.
4.What does Kul Bahadur Gurung think of the Everest climbing？（　?。?br/>A.It’s a totally false idea. B.It should be eco-friendly.
C.It’s highly professional. D.It should be non-profitable.
B
　　Scrolling through Instagram can quickly convince you that everyone’s life is more interesting than yours.During a particularly adventurous week on Instagram Stories recently， I saw water skiing in Maui， hiking in Yosemite and swimming with wild pigs in Bermuda.I started googling flights to new places.Then I ordered pho， Vietnam’s national dish， from the same Vietnamese place I eat every week and returned to the same old routine and I felt bad about not trying somewhere new.
　　Evolutionarily， human brains tend to find newfangled experiences more exciting and attention-grabbing than repeated experiences.They can’t process all the thrills around us， so we evolve to pay attention to new， flashy and potentially dangerous things more intently than familiar things， which we’ve seen enough to know they’re not dangerous.What’s more， words like “repetition” and “repetitiveness” tend to be associated with more negative emotions.
　　However， recent research published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology suggests we should reconsider how we digest those feelings of monotony （單調(diào)）.Some previous research has painted a negative picture of repeated experiences， saying that doing the same thing twice can feel less valuable.But Ed O’Brien， a professor of behavioral science， wondered whether people actually underestimate how positively they react to repeated experiences.
　　To test this theory， Mr O’Brien and his team exposed all participants to the same stimulus （刺激） （various stimuli were tested， including museum visits， movies and video games）.Next， after dividing them into two groups， the first group of participants were asked to imagine repeating the experience， while the second actually did repeat the experience.Counter to previous research， Mr O’Brien found that across the board， repeated experiences were far more enjoyable than participants expected.In other words： You’re far more likely to enjoy something the second time around than you think.
　　“Brand new experiences are definitely great for enjoyment，” said Mr O’Brien.“And our studies don’t go against this idea.In many cases， the brand new option is better.But， what our studies emphasize is that repeated options might also have high hedonic （享樂的） value and might also come with lower costs than a purely new option.”
5.What did the author think of her own life？（　?。?br/>A.It included many exciting things.
B.It depended heavily on social media.
C.It was highly adventurous.
D.It was boringly repetitive.
6.How do our brains usually respond to stimuli from familiar things？（　　）
A.They may pay little attention to them.
B.They may process them first.
C.They may feel uncertain of them.
D.They may consider them as positive things.
7.What is the meaning of the underlined word in Paragraph 2？（　?。?br/>A.Fictional.　　　　　 B.Fascinating.
C.Novel.　 D.Significant.
8.What did the second group of participants do during the experiment？（　　）
A.They experienced the same stimuli twice.
B.They imagined their old experiences twice.
C.They repeated similar activities many times.
D.They predicted the first group’s experiences.
C
　　This past January， Captain Preet Chandi set foot on a historic， though decidedly icy trail by becoming the first woman to reach the South Pole alone， without assistance.While others might have been content to make history with this singular accomplishment， “Polar Preet” Chandi is not one to rest on her achievements.The journey to the South Pole was merely “phase one” of a larger and even more extraordinary goal for the adventurous British Army officer.
　　“For the phase two”， the 33-year-old has set her sights on crossing Antarctica — once again doing the journey alone and unsupported to become the first woman to achieve this goal.
　　On 14 November 2023， Chandi departed from Hercules Inlet， an ice-filled bay at the southwestern section of the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf bordering the Weddell Sea in Antarctica.Her goal is to reach Reedy Glacier within 75 days， a coast-to-coast journey consisting of roughly 1，100 miles.And “roughly” is the key word here — she’ll be pulling a sled （雪橇） with equipment， weighing about 264 pounds altogether， and she’ll be doing so in temperatures that can sink to minus 58 degrees Fahrenheit， with wind speeds of up to 60 miles per hour.
　　Her journey thus far required years of training.Prior to her 700-mile South Pole journey， she prepared by attending a polar survival course in Norway.She continued her training back home in the UK by dragging tires， the closest thing to pulling a sled， and a month-long practice run in Greenland.Ultimately， Chandi went on to finish her first South Pole expedition in 40 days， a full eight days ahead of schedule.
　　When not otherwise setting records of human endurance in extreme conditions， Chandi tries to inspire others in her day-to-day work.
　　Chandi will be posting interval （間隔） voice blog updates of her phase two progress on her website， polar ， where a live tracking map will also provide her current location at every point along her journey.
　　“Nothing is impossible.I’ve always had this idea that I can achieve something great， something that allows me to be a role model，” Chandi shared on her blog.
9.Why does Chandi want to cross Antarctica？（　?。?br/>A.To stick to a promise.
B.To take further challenges.
C.To raise money for poor women.
D.To realize her childhood dream.
10.Why did the author emphasize the word “roughly” in Paragraph 3？（　　）
A.To hide the author’s bad memory of numbers.
B.To indicate there are more challenges facing Chandi.
C.To explain there is no proper word to describe the journey.
D.To show there is no official figure about the distance to Antarctica.
11.What can we infer from Paragraph 4？（　?。?br/>A.Survival training is a hard process.
B.Chandi got trained by pulling sleds.
C.The journey to South Pole was eventful.
D.Chandi made full preparations for her adventure.
12.Which words can best describe Chandi？（　?。?br/>A.Inspiring and friendly.
B.Active and creative.
C.Confident and determined.
D.Adventurous and modest.
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　Rainforests cover six percent of the Earth’s surface. There are rainforests in many parts of the world， but the biggest forests are in South America， Africa and South East Asia.There aren’t any rainforests in Europe or North America.
　　About 75% of all the types of animals come from rainforests.13.（　?。?There are many beautiful birds， insects and reptiles.Many of them live in the trees， over 30 meters from the ground.There are also thousands of different plants — and lots of them are tall trees！ It is always hot in a rainforest and the ground is always wet.14.（　?。?br/>　　The rainforests are very important for us.We need them！ The trees and other plants in the forest help to make the air that we breathe.15.（　?。?They give us wood， rubber， fruits and many of our medicines.
　　16.（　?。?For example， many years ago there was a large rainforest in Java.There were thousands of different plants and animals in the forest， but now there is nothing.People cut down the trees because they wanted to grow rice.They also wanted to grow rubber trees to make rubber.Many animals lived in the rainforest.Some of them went to other parts of Java， but many of them disappeared — forever.17.（　　） The rainforests are in danger！
A.It is also very dark there.
B.They also help to control the weather.
C.They cut down the forest to make roads.
D.Many forest people try to save their forests.
E.Thousands and thousands of animals live in rainforests.
F.Unfortunately， in many places， the rainforests are in danger.
G.The same thing is happening now in many other parts of the world.
Ⅲ.應(yīng)用文寫作
　　上周末你校組織了一次爬山活動，請把這次經(jīng)歷記錄下來。內(nèi)容包括：
　　1.出發(fā)的時間和乘坐的交通工具；
　　2.爬山途中令你印象深刻的事情。
注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；
2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
基礎(chǔ)知識自測
維度一
1.captain　2.consumed　3.permitted　4.chapter（s）
5.charge　6.distinguishes　7.beneath　8.residents
維度二
1.gradually　2.fascinating　3.astonished　4.related
5.depth　6.permission
維度三
1.my heart full of worry
2.as if they had all experienced it
3.Under the tree sat/sits
4.in broad daylight
5.ahead of time/schedule
維度四
1.took　2.left　3.following　4.were kept　5.which
6.powerful　7.a　8.at　9.gradually　10.depth
素養(yǎng)能力提升
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。文章報道了中國體育部門為阻止非法攀登，要求攀登西藏自治區(qū)5，000米以上山峰的登山者必須申請許可證。
1.A　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容和第三段第一句可知，非法攀登造成了很多安全問題，珠穆朗瑪峰登山者需要許可證是為了禁止非法攀登，確保安全。
2.D　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在句前一句和后一句可知，非法登山者缺乏登山必備的條件，會造成很多損失。由此推知，非法登山的活動干擾正常有序的登山，帶來很多風(fēng)險。interfere with意為“干擾”，與disturb意思一致。
3.A　段落大意題。通讀第四段內(nèi)容可知，本段介紹了該通知的具體內(nèi)容，包括申請表填寫的要求、對登山者的要求、對地方政府部門的要求等。
4.C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段末Kul Bahadur Gurung所說的話可知，他認為攀登珠峰頂峰很容易的想法是錯誤的。由此推知，他認為珠峰攀登是一項極其專業(yè)的活動。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了很多人都喜歡冒險，追求新鮮感，但是研究卻發(fā)現(xiàn)重復(fù)也能給我們帶來快樂。
5.D　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，作者覺得自己的生活毫無新意，沒有創(chuàng)新。
6.A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的Evolutionarily， human brains tend to find newfangled experiences more exciting ... than familiar things可推斷，我們的大腦使我們不太注意熟悉的刺激物。
7.C　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后句可知，人類的大腦往往會關(guān)注新奇的事物。所以newfangled意為“新奇的”。
8.A　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的Next， after dividing them into two groups， the first group of participants were asked to imagine repeating the experience， while the second actually did repeat the experience.可知，第二組參與者重復(fù)了先前的體驗。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了第一位獨自到達南極點的女性普里特·昌迪開始進行穿越南極洲的激勵人的探險故事。
9.B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句中的without assistance以及第二段中的doing the journey alone and unsupported可知，Preet Chandi是一個愛冒險的人，她穿越南極洲是為了嘗試有挑戰(zhàn)性的事情。
10.B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句可推知，作者強調(diào)“大約”是1，100英里，因為除了這個路程外，Chandi還面臨著沉重的設(shè)備、極度的低溫以及大風(fēng)等帶來的困難。
11.D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可推知，她為這次探險做了充分的準備工作。
12.C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，Preet Chandi克服困難，獨自一人成功抵達南極點，這說明她有著堅定的意志；再結(jié)合最后一段可推知，她是一位意志堅定且自信的女性。
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了熱帶雨林的分布、動植物資源、環(huán)境條件以及面臨的危險。
13.E　上文講述了熱帶雨林的動物種類大約占75%，下文講述了熱帶雨林里有許多鳥類、昆蟲和爬行動物。由此可知，空處應(yīng)與熱帶雨林的動物有關(guān)，E項（成千上萬的動物生活在熱帶雨林中）承上啟下，符合語境。
14.A　上文講述了雨林的環(huán)境條件：雨林里總是很熱，地面總是潮濕的。A項（那里也很黑）進一步補充上文，符合語境。
15.B　上文講述了我們需要雨林，森林中的植物制造我們呼吸的空氣。B項（它們也有助于控制天氣）承接上文，符合語境。
16.F　下文列舉了爪哇島熱帶雨林消失的例子。F項（不幸的是，在許多地方，熱帶雨林正處于危險之中）與下文構(gòu)成例證關(guān)系，符合語境。
17.G　根據(jù)上下文可知，爪哇島的熱帶雨林被破壞，導(dǎo)致動植物消失，所以空處應(yīng)是說許多其他地方的熱帶雨林也在遭遇同樣的困境，所以很多熱帶雨林處于危險之中。G項（同樣的事情現(xiàn)在正在世界許多其他地方發(fā)生）符合語境。
Ⅲ.
　　Last weekend， I went to climb the mountain with my classmates.We set off in the early morning by bus and arrived at the destination at 8 o’clock.I was fascinated by the beautiful scenery along the road， which left a deep impression on me.We made an attempt to find the shortest way in order to climb to the top of the mountain as soon as possible.After failing many times， we finally found a road that was surrounded by many trees.Along the way， we encountered a snake， which crawled away immediately it saw us.Fortunately， no one was injured.Finally， we climbed to the top of the mountain successfully.
5 / 5Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
TWENTY THOUSAND LEAGUES UNDER THE SEA
　　In 1866， a terrible sea creature① is seen by several ships.Biologist② Professor Pierre Aronnax and his servant， Conseil， join a ship to find and kill the creature.After a long journey into the Pacific Ocean， the creature is finally seen.[1]While attacking from the ship， Aronnax and Conseil， along with③ the whale hunter Ned Land， fall into④ the sea， and discover that the “creature” is actually⑤ a submarine. They are captured⑥ and taken inside the submarine， where they meet the man in charge⑦， Captain Nemo.Ahead of⑧ its time， the submarine is also a secret from the rest of the world.In order to keep this secret， Captain Nemo tells his three newest passengers that they are not permitted to leave the submarine.While Ned Land can think only of⑨ escaping， Aronnax and Conseil are fascinated by their adventures in the new underwater world.In this part adapted from⑩ a chapter of the book， Aronnax describes the experience of walking on the sea bed ...
　　[1]While attacking from the ship為時間狀語從句的省略句；discover that ... 中that引導(dǎo)賓語從句。
　　And now， how can I look back upon the impression left upon me by that walk under the waters？ Words are not enough to relate such wonders ！ Captain Nemo walked in front，[2]one of his men following some steps behind.Conseil and I remained near each other， as if an exchange of words had been possible through our metal cases.I no longer felt the weight of my clothes， or of my shoes， of my air supply ， or my thick helmet， [3]inside which my head shook like a nut in its shell .
　　[2]獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作伴隨狀語。
　　[3]“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞my thick helmet。
　　The light， [4]which lit the soil thirty feet below the surface of the ocean， astonished me by its power.The solar rays shone through the watery mass easily， and consumed all colour， and I clearly distinguished objects at a distance of a hundred and fifty yards.Beyond that the colours darkened into fine shades of deep blue， and gradually disappeared.Truly this water which surrounded me was but another air heavier than the Earth’s atmosphere， but almost as clear.[5]Above me was the calm surface of the sea.We were walking on fine， even sand， not wrinkled， as on a flat shore， which keeps the impression of the waves. This dazzling carpet， really a reflector ， drove away the rays of the sun with wonderful intensity， [6]which accounted for the vibration which passed through every atom of liquid .Shall I be believed when I say that， at the depth of thirty feet， I could see [7] as if I was in broad daylight？
　　（Adaptation from Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea by Jules Verne）
　　[4]which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞The light。
　　[5]介詞短語置于句首引起的完全倒裝。
　　[6]句中兩個which均引導(dǎo)定語從句，第一個which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾整個主句，第二個which引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞vibration。
　　[7]as if引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句。
【讀文清障】
①creature n.生物
②biologist n.生物學(xué)家
③along with與……一起
④fall into 掉入
⑤actually adv.事實上；實際上
⑥capture v.捕獲；俘獲
⑦in charge主管，負責(zé)
⑧ahead of在……之前
⑨t(yī)hink of考慮；想出
⑩（be） adapted from由……改編
look back upon 回顧
leave an impression upon
給……留下印象
wonder n.奇觀；奇跡
remain v.保持
supply n.供應(yīng)量；補給品
shell n.（蛋/果/貝）殼
at a distance of 在……的距離
darken v.（使）變暗/黑
dazzling adj.炫目的，耀眼的
reflector n.反射器；反光體
drive away 駛離；驅(qū)走
account for 解釋，說明
liquid n.液體，液態(tài)物
at the depth of 在……的深度
【參考譯文】
海底兩萬里
　　1866年，多艘船只目擊到一只可怕的海洋生物。生物學(xué)家皮埃爾·阿龍納斯教授和他的仆人康塞爾乘船出海，準備找到這只生物并消滅它。他們在太平洋上航行了很久，終于找到了這只生物。他們從船上對這只生物展開攻擊，結(jié)果阿龍納斯、康塞爾和捕鯨獵人內(nèi)德·蘭德都墜入海中，并且發(fā)現(xiàn)所謂的“生物”其實是一艘潛水艇。他們一行人被抓了起來并被帶到潛水艇內(nèi)，在那里他們遇見了負責(zé)人——尼摩船長。這艘潛水艇是一個超越時代的發(fā)明，并且一直是一個不為人知的秘密。為了保守這個秘密，尼摩船長告誡他的三位新乘客永遠都不能離開這里。盡管內(nèi)德·蘭德一心想要逃離這個地方，但阿龍納斯與康塞爾已被他們在海底新世界的奇遇深深吸引住了。下文改編自原著的一個章節(jié)，阿龍納斯描述了他們在海底漫步的經(jīng)歷……
　　現(xiàn)在，我該如何追述水下漫步給我留下的印象呢？那種奇遇是語言無法描述的！尼摩船長走在前面，他的一個隨從緊隨其后。我和康塞爾一直挨得很近，近到好像能透過金屬外殼聽到彼此說話。我已經(jīng)感覺不到衣服、鞋子、氧氣罐和厚重頭盔的重量。我的頭在頭盔中搖來晃去，就像果仁在殼里滾動一般。
　　光線照亮了海面以下30英尺的土地，這股力量使我震驚。陽光輕易地穿透水層，并消除了所有的色彩，我能清晰地辨認出150碼以內(nèi)的物體。在這個距離之外，顏色變深，呈現(xiàn)出深藍色的陰影，逐漸看不到了。真的，環(huán)繞在我四周的水仿佛不過是一種氣體，比地球的大氣更稠密，卻幾乎一樣透明。在我之上是平靜的海面，腳下的沙地又細又平，并不像平坦的海灘會隨著海浪而褶皺。這塊令人目眩的地毯簡直是一個反射器，強有力地把陽光反射回去，光線所經(jīng)之處的每個水分子都因此而振動。如果說在海面以下30英尺的地方，我能像在明亮的日光下一樣看得清清楚楚，會有人相信嗎？
（節(jié)選自《海底兩萬里》，作者儒勒·凡爾納）
第一步：析架構(gòu)理清脈絡(luò)
第二步：知細節(jié)明察秋毫
1.Why were Professor Pierre Aronnax and others kept in a submarine？（　?。?br/>A.People couldn’t find them at all.
B.There was no creature forever.
C.The submarine was not open.
D.Captain Nemo came from space.
2.What did the author see in the submarine？（　?。?br/>A.The things outside it looked beautiful.
B.The author couldn’t see them at all.
C.The author wanted to escape.
D.The author’s head looked like a nut.
3.What astonished the author？（　?。?br/>A.The solar rays.
B.The ocean’s power.
C.The sand on the beach.
D.Every atom of liquid.
4.What does “that” refer to in the sentence “Beyond that the colours darkened into fine shades of deep blue ...”？（　?。?br/>A.The solar light.
B.The solar rays.
C.All colours.
D.Objects at a distance of a hundred and fifty yards.
5.What can we learn from the last paragraph？（　?。?br/>A.Aronnax was astonished at the power of the light.
B.Aronnax couldn’t distinguish objects under the sea.
C.Aronnax felt uncomfortable while under the sea.
D.Aronnax felt very lonely while travelling under the sea.
第三步：品語言妙筆生輝
Read the passage carefully and find the sentence that describes the actions.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
第四步：拓思維品質(zhì)提升
1.What do you think will happen next in the story？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
2.If there is a chance， would you like to dive？ Why？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
第五步：析難句表達升級
1.While attacking from the ship， Aronnax and Conseil， along with the whale hunter Ned Land， fall into the sea， and discover that the “creature” is actually a submarine.
句式分析 While attacking from the ship為時間狀語從句的　　　　， While后省略了　　　　　；discover that ...中的that引導(dǎo)　　　　　從句。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
2.I no longer felt the weight of my clothes， or of my shoes， of my air supply， or my thick helmet， inside which my head shook like a nut in its shell.
句式分析 本句為主從復(fù)合句。inside which my head shook like a nut in its shell為“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的　　　　　　　從句。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
3.This dazzling carpet， really a reflector， drove away the rays of the sun with wonderful intensity， which accounted for the vibration which passed through every atom of liquid.
句式分析 本句為主從復(fù)合句。which accounted for the vibration為which引導(dǎo)的　　　　　　　　從句；which passed through every atom of liquid為which引導(dǎo)的　　　　　　　　從句，修飾先行詞　　　　　　。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
4.Shall I be believed when I say that， at the depth of thirty feet， I could see as if I was in broad daylight？
句式分析 本句為主從復(fù)合句。when I say that， at the depth of thirty feet， I could see as if I was in broad daylight為when引導(dǎo)的　　　　　　從句；that， at the depth of thirty feet， I could see as if I was in broad daylight為that引導(dǎo)的　　　　從句；as if I was in broad daylight為as if引導(dǎo)的　　　　　　從句。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅰ　核心詞匯集釋
charge n.主管，負責(zé)；費用 v.收費，要價；控告
【教材原句】　They are captured and taken inside the submarine， where they meet the man in charge， Captain Nemo.
他們一行人被抓了起來并被帶到潛水艇內(nèi)，在那里他們遇見了負責(zé)人——尼摩船長。
【用法】　
（1）free of charge　　　 　免費 in charge （of）　　負責(zé)，主管 in the charge （of）　?。ㄓ伞┴撠?zé)/主管 take charge of　　負責(zé)，主管 （2）charge sb for sth　　因某事/物收某人的費用 charge sb with sth　　控告某人某事
【佳句】　They did the experiment in the lab which was in the charge of Mr White.
＝They did the experiment in the lab which Mr White took charge of.
＝They did the experiment in the lab which Mr White was in charge of.
他們在懷特老師負責(zé)的實驗室里做了實驗。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①During the period of two weeks， we held a series of activities，some of which were in 　　　　　　charge of students from the English department.
②The car was bought six months ago and still under guarantee， so I got it repaired free 　　　　　　charge.
【寫美】　補全句子
③The man who had 　　　　　　　　　　the company 　　　　　　　　　　bribe-taking， because he accepted a large amount of money from a department manager 　　　　　　　　the manufacturing.
掌管公司的那個人被指控受賄，因為他從負責(zé)生產(chǎn)的部門經(jīng)理那里收了一大筆錢。
ahead of在……之前；早于；領(lǐng)先
【教材原句】　Ahead of its time， the submarine is also a secret from the rest of the world.
這艘潛水艇是一個超越時代的發(fā)明，并且一直是一個不為人知的秘密。
【用法】　
go ahead　　　　　　 　先走；進行；說吧；做吧；進行吧 go ahead with　　開始做；著手干 get ahead （of sb）　　走在（某人的）前面；領(lǐng)先；勝過（某人） ahead of time/schedule　　提前
【佳句】　Thanks to your help， we accomplished the task ahead of schedule.
多虧你們幫忙，我們才提前完成了任務(wù)。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Only if our horse can get ahead 　　　　　the leading runner， it can win the race！
②My thanks should go to those inspiring me to go 　　　　　　and giving me support as well.
【寫美】　補全句子
③If everyone puts in a bit more effort， the task will be finished 　　　　　　　　　　.
如果每人多出把力，任務(wù)就可以提前完成。
permit v.允許，準許，許可
【教材原句】　In order to keep this secret， Captain Nemo tells his three newest passengers that they are not permitted to leave the submarine.
為了保守這個秘密，尼摩船長告誡他的三位新乘客永遠都不能離開這里。
【用法】　
（1）permit sb to do sth　　允許某人做某事 permit doing sth　　允許做某事 time/weather permitting＝if time/weather permits 如果時間/天氣允許的話 （2）permission n.　　許可，允許 ask sb’s permission　　請求許可 without permission　　未經(jīng)許可，擅自 with one’s permission　　經(jīng)某人允許
【佳句】　No one is permitted to take photos of the exhibits on show in the museum without permission.
未經(jīng)允許，禁止任何人對博物館里正在展出的展品拍照。（通知）
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Weather 　　　　　　（permit）， the competition to be held in our school stadium will begin at 2 pm and last for roughly 3 hours.
②We don’t permit 　　　　?。╬lay） basketball on the playground now.
③I was very happy and excited to go there but I needed to ask my parents’ 　　　　　?。╬ermit）.
【寫美】　補全句子
④Much to my disappointment， the security guards didn’t 　　　　　　　　　a camera.
令我大為失望的是，保安人員不允許我?guī)鄼C。（情感描寫）
relate v.相聯(lián)系，有關(guān)聯(lián)；講述
【教材原句】　And now， how can I look back upon the impression left upon me by that walk under the waters？ Words are not enough to relate such wonders！
現(xiàn)在，我該如何追述水下漫步給我留下的印象呢？那種奇遇是語言無法描述的！
【用法】　
（1）relate to ...　　　與……有關(guān)；談到…… relate ...to ...　　把……與……聯(lián)系起來 relate sth to sb　　向某人講述某事 （2）related adj.　　相關(guān)的，有關(guān)系的 be related to ...　　與……有關(guān) （3）relation n.　　聯(lián)系，關(guān)聯(lián)；親屬 in relation to　　有關(guān)，涉及 the relation between ...and ...　　……和……之間的聯(lián)系
【佳句】　He later related the whole story to me， which made me very happy.
后來他給我講了整件事的來龍去脈，這使我很高興。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①At the present time， some people still relate embarrassment 　　　　　　　seeing a psychologist.
②It is interesting to talk about something in 　　　　　　（relate） to history in public.
③According to a recent survey， many smokers die all too soon from illness and diseases related 　　　　　　smoking.
【寫美】　補全句子
④The second paragraph of the text 　　　　　　　　　　　　in Scotland.
文章第二段談到蘇格蘭的形勢。
astonish v.使吃驚，使驚訝
【教材原句】　The light， which lit the soil thirty feet below the surface of the ocean， astonished me by its power.
光線照亮了海面以下30英尺的土地，這股力量使我震驚。
【用法】　
（1）It astonishes sb that ...令某人驚訝的是…… （2）astonishing adj.　　　令人驚訝的 astonished adj.　　感到驚訝的 be astonished at/by sth　　因/對某事感到驚訝 be astonished to do sth　　對做某事感到驚訝 （3）astonishment n.　　驚訝 to one’s astonishment　　使某人驚訝的是 in astonishment　　吃驚地
【佳句】　The moment I opened the box， my eyes widened in astonishment.
我一打開盒子就吃驚地睜大了雙眼。（情感描寫）
【練透】　單句語法填空
①　　　　　　 （astonish）， Peter sat on the square， with tears in his eyes.
②He was astonished 　　　　　　　　（learn） he had won the competition.
③You may find it 　　　　　?。╝stonish） that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and to dance as soon as he could walk.
【寫美】　句型轉(zhuǎn)換
④To my astonishment， she didn’t care about my feelings.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　 she didn’t care about my feelings.（it作形式主語）
distinguish v.看清；認出；區(qū)分
【教材原句】　...and I clearly distinguished objects at a distance of a hundred and fifty yards.
……我能清晰地辨認出150碼以內(nèi)的物體。
【用法】　
（1）distinguish between A and B　區(qū)分A和B distinguish ...from ...把……與……區(qū)分開來 distinguish oneself （as ...）（作為……）表現(xiàn)突出；使自己與眾不同；使自己成名 （2）distinguished adj.　　　卓越的；著名的；杰出的 be distinguished for ...　因……而出名 be distinguished as ...　　作為……而出名
【佳句】　Distinguished for its attractive scenery， Hangzhou sees large numbers of tourists every year.
杭州以其迷人的風(fēng)景而聞名遐邇，每年都有大量的游客。（推薦信）
【練透】　單句語法填空
①As far as we all know， Lang Ping has already distinguished 　　　　　?。╯he） as a great volleyball coach in the world.
②The twins were so much alike that it was impossible to distinguish one 　　　　　　the other.
【寫美】　補全句子
③Paper-cutting 　　　　　　　　　　　　a traditional art form， which has a history of more than 1，500 years in China.
剪紙作為一種傳統(tǒng)的藝術(shù)形式而出名，在中國有著1，500多年的歷史。（傳統(tǒng)文化）
surround v.環(huán)繞，圍繞
【教材原句】　Truly this water which surrounded me was but another air heavier than the Earth’s atmosphere，but almost as clear.
真的，環(huán)繞在我四周的水仿佛不過是一種氣體，比地球的大氣更稠密，卻幾乎一樣透明。
【用法】　
（1）surround sb/sth with sb/sth 使某人/某物被某人/某物包圍 be surrounded by/with 　　被圍繞著；周圍是…… （2）surrounding adj.　　周圍的 surroundings n.　　環(huán)境（多用復(fù)數(shù)）
【佳句】　And don’t forget： we are surrounded by a natural playground just perfect for walking， climbing and cycling.
別忘了：我們周圍有一個天然的游樂場，非常適合散步、攀巖和騎自行車。
【點津】　surroundings常用復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示周圍具體的物質(zhì)環(huán)境。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①In a word， you are welcome to our school and I hope you can adapt to the new 　　　　　　（surround） soon.
②It is wise to surround yourself 　　　　　　people who have a high level of self-discipline.
【寫美】　補全句子
③The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp， which 　　　　　　　　　　a high wire fence.
這只饑餓的熊一路嗅著來到了我們的營地，營地周圍有高高的鐵絲網(wǎng)。（環(huán)境描寫）
Part Ⅱ　重點句型解構(gòu)
句型公式：獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)
【教材原句】　Captain Nemo walked in front， one of his men following some steps behind.
尼摩船長走在前面，他的一個隨從緊隨其后。
【用法】　
（1）句中的one of his men following some steps behind是獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。 （2）獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)相當于一個狀語從句，常用來表示時間、原因、條件、方式、伴隨狀況等。獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)由“名詞/代詞＋介詞短語/副詞/形容詞（短語）/名詞/非謂語動詞等”構(gòu)成，其中前面的名詞或代詞在意義上為后面結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語。
【品悟】　He was astonished to see the embarrassing scene， his mouth half open.
看到這尷尬的場面，他大吃一驚，嘴巴半張著。
【寫美】　微寫作/句型轉(zhuǎn)換
①早餐過后，一些探險家和他們的船長出發(fā)去探索這座神秘的島嶼。
　　　　　　　　，some explorers，along with their captain， set out to explore the mysterious island.
②After all the e-mails had been answered， the girl turned off the computer.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　， the girl turned off the computer.（獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)）
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　， the girl turned off the computer.（with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)）
句型公式：介詞詞組置于句首引起的完全倒裝
【教材原句】　Above me was the calm surface of the sea.
在我之上是平靜的海面。
【用法】　
（1）表示地點的介詞詞組置于句首，且主語是名詞時，句子用完全倒裝。 （2）out， in， down， up， away， here， there， now， then， next等表示方位和時間的副詞置于句首，且主語是名詞時，句子用完全倒裝。 （3）在上述兩種情況中，若主語是代詞，則不用倒裝。 （4）作表語的形容詞、分詞短語提到系動詞前面時，句子也構(gòu)成完全倒裝。 （5）代詞such置于句首，且在句中作表語時，句子用完全倒裝。
【品悟】　Lying on the bed was my labmate， weak and worried.
我的課題搭檔躺在床上，又虛弱又憂心忡忡。
【寫美】　微寫作
①從山谷中傳來美妙的歌聲。
From the valley 　　　　　　　　　　.
②窗邊坐著一位老人，手里拿著一本雜志。
By the window 　　　　　　　　　　with a magazine in his hand.
③這就是我們充滿活力的城市，只要您方便，隨時歡迎來參觀。
　　　　　　　　　　　　， which you are welcome to visit whenever at your convenience.
④被選為領(lǐng)袖的她很幸運。
　　　　　　　　 who was chosen to be a leader.
句型公式：as if引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句
【教材原句】　Shall I be believed when I say that， at the depth of thirty feet， I could see as if I was in broad daylight？
如果說在海面以下30英尺的地方，我能像在明亮的日光下一樣看得清清楚楚，會有人相信嗎？
【用法】　
as if/as though引導(dǎo)表語從句或方式狀語從句。 （1）如果所引導(dǎo)的從句表示的情況是真實的或極有可能發(fā)生的，句子要用陳述語氣。 （2）如果所引導(dǎo)的從句只是表示一種假設(shè)的情況，從句的謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣，其形式如下： 　as if/ as though
【品悟】　When you walk into the gallery， you feel as if you were inside a fragile， white seashell.當你走進畫廊時，你感覺就像在一個精細潔白的貝殼里面。
【寫美】　微寫作/一句多譯
①杰克什么也沒說，但老師對他微笑，好像他做了一件非常聰明的事。
Jack didn’t say anything， but the teacher smiled at him as if he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
②我記得整件事就像昨天發(fā)生的一樣。
I remember the whole thing as if 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
③當我看見那個男孩時，他站在那兒，低著頭，好像剛剛被老師批評了。
→When I saw the boy， he stood there with his head bent 　　　　　　　　　　　just now.
→When I saw the boy， he stood there with his head bent 　　　　　　　　　　　　just now.
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
【文本透析·剖語篇】
第一步
1.weight　2.a nut　3.another air　4.wrinkled　5.solar rays
6.vibration　7.in broad daylight
第二步
1－5　CABDA
第三步
While attacking from the ship， Aronnax and Conseil， along with the whale hunter Ned Land， fall into the sea， and discover that the “creature” is actually a submarine.
第四步
1.I think there are some accidents they will meet， describing some hard conditions.
2.Yes， because I would like to appreciate the beautiful views underwater.
第五步
1.省略　they were　賓語
他們從船上對這只生物展開攻擊，結(jié)果阿龍納斯、康塞爾和捕鯨獵人內(nèi)德·蘭德都墜入海中，并且發(fā)現(xiàn)所謂的“生物”其實是一艘潛水艇。
2.非限制性定語
我已經(jīng)感覺不到衣服、鞋子、氧氣罐和厚重頭盔的重量。我的頭在頭盔中搖來晃去，就像果仁在殼里滾動一般。
3.非限制性定語　限制性定語　vibration
這塊令人目眩的地毯簡直是一個反射器，強有力地把陽光反射回去，光線所經(jīng)之處的每個水分子都因此而振動。
4.時間狀語　賓語　方式狀語
如果說在海面以下30英尺的地方，我能像在明亮的日光下一樣看得清清楚楚，會有人相信嗎？
【核心知識·巧突破】
核心詞匯集釋
1.①the　②of　③taken charge of； was charged with； in charge of
2.①of?、赼head?、踑head of time/schedule
3.①permitting　②playing?、踦ermission　④permit me to bring
4.①to　②relation　③to　④relates to the situation
5.①Astonished　②to learn?、踑stonishing
④It astonished me that
6.①herself?、趂rom　③is distinguished as
7.①surroundings　②with?、踳as surrounded by
重點句型解構(gòu)
1.①Breakfast over?、贏ll the e-mails answered；
With all the e-mails answered
2.①came the beautiful song?、趕at an old man
③Such is our lively city?、躄ucky is she
3.①had done something very clever?、趇t happened yesterday
③as if he was criticised by the teacher；
as if criticised by the teacher
11 / 11(共114張PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
1
篇章助解·釋疑難
目 錄
4
課時檢測·提能力
3
核心知識·巧突破
2
文本透析·剖語篇
篇章助解·釋疑難
力推課前預(yù)習(xí)
1
TWENTY THOUSAND LEAGUES UNDER THE SEA
　　In 1866， a terrible sea creature① is seen by several ships.Biologist②
Professor Pierre Aronnax and his servant， Conseil， join a ship to find
and kill the creature.After a long journey into the Pacific Ocean， the
creature is finally seen.[1]While attacking from the ship， Aronnax and
Conseil， along with③ the whale hunter Ned Land， fall into④ the sea，
and discover that the “creature” is actually⑤ a submarine.
They are captured⑥ and taken inside the submarine， where they meet the
man in charge⑦， Captain Nemo.Ahead of⑧ its time， the submarine is
also a secret from the rest of the world.In order to keep this secret，
Captain Nemo tells his three newest passengers that they are not permitted
to leave the submarine.While Ned Land can think only of⑨ escaping，
Aronnax and Conseil are fascinated by their adventures in the new
underwater world.In this part adapted from⑩ a chapter of the book，
Aronnax describes the experience of walking on the sea bed ...
　　[1]While attacking from the ship為時間狀語從句的省略句；
discover that ... 中that引導(dǎo)賓語從句。
【讀文清障】
①creature n.生物
②biologist n.生物學(xué)家
③along with與……一起
④fall into 掉入
⑤actually adv.事實上；實際上
⑥capture v.捕獲；俘獲
⑦in charge主管，負責(zé)
⑧ahead of在……之前
⑨t(yī)hink of考慮；想出
⑩（be） adapted from由……改編
　　And now， how can I look back upon the impression left upon
me by that walk under the waters？ Words are not enough to relate such
wonders ！ Captain Nemo walked in front，[2]one of his men following
some steps behind.Conseil and I remained near each other， as if an
exchange of words had been possible through our metal cases.I no longer
felt the weight of my clothes， or of my shoes， of my air supply ， or
my thick helmet， [3]inside which my head shook like a nut in its shell .
　　[2]獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作伴隨狀語。
　　[3]“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞
my thick helmet。
look back upon 回顧
leave an impression upon 給……留下印象
wonder n.奇觀；奇跡
remain v.保持
supply n.供應(yīng)量；補給品
shell n.（蛋/果/貝）殼
　　The light， [4]which lit the soil thirty feet below the surface of the
ocean， astonished me by its power.The solar rays shone through the
watery mass easily， and consumed all colour， and I clearly
distinguished objects at a distance of a hundred and fifty yards.Beyond
that the colours darkened into fine shades of deep blue， and gradually
disappeared.Truly this water which surrounded me was but another air
heavier than the Earth’s atmosphere， but almost as clear.[5]Above me
was the calm surface of the sea.We were walking on fine， even sand，
not wrinkled， as on a flat shore， which keeps the impression of the
waves.
This dazzling carpet， really a reflector ， drove away the rays of the
sun with wonderful intensity， [6]which accounted for the vibration
which passed through every atom of liquid .Shall I be believed when I
say that， at the depth of thirty feet， I could see [7] as if I was in broad
daylight？
　　（Adaptation from Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea by Jules
Verne）
　　[4]which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞The light。
　　[5]介詞短語置于句首引起的完全倒裝。
　　[6]句中兩個which均引導(dǎo)定語從句，第一個which引導(dǎo)非限制性
定語從句，修飾整個主句，第二個which引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，修飾
先行詞vibration。
　　[7]as if引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句。
at a distance of 在……的距離
darken v.（使）變暗/黑
dazzling adj.炫目的，耀眼的
reflector n.反射器；反光體
drive away 駛離；驅(qū)走
account for 解釋，說明
liquid n.液體，液態(tài)物
at the depth of 在……的深度
【參考譯文】
海底兩萬里
　　1866年，多艘船只目擊到一只可怕的海洋生物。生物學(xué)家皮埃
爾·阿龍納斯教授和他的仆人康塞爾乘船出海，準備找到這只生物并
消滅它。他們在太平洋上航行了很久，終于找到了這只生物。他們從
船上對這只生物展開攻擊，結(jié)果阿龍納斯、康塞爾和捕鯨獵人內(nèi)
德·蘭德都墜入海中，并且發(fā)現(xiàn)所謂的“生物”其實是一艘潛水艇。
他們一行人被抓了起來并被帶到潛水艇內(nèi)，在那里他們遇見了負責(zé)
人——尼摩船長。這艘潛水艇是一個超越時代的發(fā)明，并且一直是一
個不為人知的秘密。
為了保守這個秘密，尼摩船長告誡他的三位新乘客永遠都不能離開這
里。盡管內(nèi)德·蘭德一心想要逃離這個地方，但阿龍納斯與康塞爾已
被他們在海底新世界的奇遇深深吸引住了。下文改編自原著的一個章
節(jié)，阿龍納斯描述了他們在海底漫步的經(jīng)歷……
　　現(xiàn)在，我該如何追述水下漫步給我留下的印象呢？那種奇遇是語
言無法描述的！尼摩船長走在前面，他的一個隨從緊隨其后。我和康
塞爾一直挨得很近，近到好像能透過金屬外殼聽到彼此說話。我已經(jīng)
感覺不到衣服、鞋子、氧氣罐和厚重頭盔的重量。我的頭在頭盔中搖
來晃去，就像果仁在殼里滾動一般。
　　光線照亮了海面以下30英尺的土地，這股力量使我震驚。陽光輕
易地穿透水層，并消除了所有的色彩，我能清晰地辨認出150碼以內(nèi)
的物體。在這個距離之外，顏色變深，呈現(xiàn)出深藍色的陰影，逐漸看
不到了。真的，環(huán)繞在我四周的水仿佛不過是一種氣體，比地球的大
氣更稠密，卻幾乎一樣透明。在我之上是平靜的海面，腳下的沙地又
細又平，并不像平坦的海灘會隨著海浪而褶皺。這塊令人目眩的地毯
簡直是一個反射器，強有力地把陽光反射回去，光線所經(jīng)之處的每個
水分子都因此而振動。如果說在海面以下30英尺的地方，我能像在明
亮的日光下一樣看得清清楚楚，會有人相信嗎？
（節(jié)選自《海底兩萬里》，作者儒勒·凡爾納）
文本透析·剖語篇
助力語篇理解
2
第一步：析架構(gòu)理清脈絡(luò)
第二步：知細節(jié)明察秋毫
1. Why were Professor Pierre Aronnax and others kept in a submarine？
（　　）
A. People couldn’t find them at all.
B. There was no creature forever.
C. The submarine was not open.
D. Captain Nemo came from space.
2. What did the author see in the submarine？（　?。?br/>A. The things outside it looked beautiful.
B. The author couldn’t see them at all.
C. The author wanted to escape.
D. The author’s head looked like a nut.
3. What astonished the author？（　?。?br/>A. The solar rays.
B. The ocean’s power.
C. The sand on the beach.
D. Every atom of liquid.
4. What does “that” refer to in the sentence “Beyond that the colours
darkened into fine shades of deep blue ...”？（　?。?br/>A. The solar light.
B. The solar rays.
C. All colours.
D. Objects at a distance of a hundred and fifty yards.
5. What can we learn from the last paragraph？（　?。?br/>A. Aronnax was astonished at the power of the light.
B. Aronnax couldn’t distinguish objects under the sea.
C. Aronnax felt uncomfortable while under the sea.
D. Aronnax felt very lonely while travelling under the sea.
第三步：品語言妙筆生輝
Read the passage carefully and find the sentence that describes the
actions.
While attacking from the ship， Aronnax and Conseil， along with the
whale hunter Ned Land， fall into the sea， and discover that the
“creature” is actually a submarine.
While attacking from the ship， Aronnax and Conseil， along with the
whale hunter Ned Land， fall into the sea， and discover that the
“creature” is actually a submarine.
第四步：拓思維品質(zhì)提升
1. What do you think will happen next in the story？
I think there are some accidents they will meet， describing some hard
conditions.
2. If there is a chance， would you like to dive？ Why？
Yes， because I would like to appreciate the beautiful views
underwater.
I think there are some accidents they will meet， describing some hard
conditions.
Yes， because I would like to appreciate the beautiful views
underwater.
第五步：析難句表達升級
1. While attacking from the ship， Aronnax and Conseil， along with the
whale hunter Ned Land， fall into the sea， and discover that the
“creature” is actually a submarine.
句式分析 While attacking from the ship為時間狀語從句的 　省
略　， While后省略了 　they were　；discover that ...中的that引
導(dǎo) 　賓語　從句。
自主翻譯 　他們從船上對這只生物展開攻擊，結(jié)果阿龍納斯、康
塞爾和捕鯨獵人內(nèi)德·蘭德都墜入海中，并且發(fā)現(xiàn)所謂的“生物”
其實是一艘潛水艇?！?br/>省
略　
they were　
賓語　
他們從船上對這只生物展開攻擊，結(jié)果阿龍納斯、康
塞爾和捕鯨獵人內(nèi)德·蘭德都墜入海中，并且發(fā)現(xiàn)所謂的“生物”
其實是一艘潛水艇?！?br/>2. I no longer felt the weight of my clothes， or of my shoes， of my air
supply， or my thick helmet， inside which my head shook like a nut
in its shell.
句式分析 本句為主從復(fù)合句。inside which my head shook like a nut
in its shell為“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的 　非限制性定語　從句。
自主翻譯 　我已經(jīng)感覺不到衣服、鞋子、氧氣罐和厚重頭盔的重
量。我的頭在頭盔中搖來晃去，就像果仁在殼里滾動一般。　
非限制性定語　
我已經(jīng)感覺不到衣服、鞋子、氧氣罐和厚重頭盔的重
量。我的頭在頭盔中搖來晃去，就像果仁在殼里滾動一般?！?br/>3. This dazzling carpet， really a reflector， drove away the rays of the
sun with wonderful intensity， which accounted for the vibration which
passed through every atom of liquid.
句式分析 本句為主從復(fù)合句。which accounted for the vibration為
which引導(dǎo)的 　非限制性定語　從句；which passed through every
atom of liquid為which引導(dǎo)的 　限制性定語　從句，修飾先行
詞 　vibration　。
自主翻譯 　這塊令人目眩的地毯簡直是一個反射器，強有力地把
陽光反射回去，光線所經(jīng)之處的每個水分子都因此而振動。　
非限制性定語　
限制性定語　
vibration　
這塊令人目眩的地毯簡直是一個反射器，強有力地把
陽光反射回去，光線所經(jīng)之處的每個水分子都因此而振動。　
4. Shall I be believed when I say that， at the depth of thirty feet， I
could see as if I was in broad daylight？
句式分析 本句為主從復(fù)合句。when I say that， at the depth of thirty
feet， I could see as if I was in broad daylight為when引導(dǎo)的 　時間狀
語　從句；that， at the depth of thirty feet， I could see as if I was in
broad daylight為that引導(dǎo)的 　賓語　從句；as if I was in broad
daylight為as if引導(dǎo)的 　方式狀語　從句。
自主翻譯 　如果說在海面以下30英尺的地方，我能像在明亮的日
光下一樣看得清清楚楚，會有人相信嗎？　
時間狀
語　
賓語　
方式狀語　
如果說在海面以下30英尺的地方，我能像在明亮的日
光下一樣看得清清楚楚，會有人相信嗎？　
核心知識·巧突破
探究課堂重點
3
Part Ⅰ　核心詞匯集釋
charge n.主管，負責(zé)；費用 v.收費，要價；控告
【教材原句】　They are captured and taken inside the submarine，
where they meet the man in charge， Captain Nemo.他們一行人被抓了
起來并被帶到潛水艇內(nèi)，在那里他們遇見了負責(zé)人——尼摩船長。
【用法】
（1）free of charge　　　　免費
in charge （of）　　負責(zé)，主管
in the charge （of）　?。ㄓ伞┴撠?zé)/主管
take charge of　　負責(zé)，主管
（2）charge sb for sth　　因某事/物收某人的費用
charge sb with sth　　控告某人某事
【佳句】　They did the experiment in the lab which was in the charge of
Mr White.
＝They did the experiment in the lab which Mr White took charge of.
＝They did the experiment in the lab which Mr White was in charge of.
他們在懷特老師負責(zé)的實驗室里做了實驗。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①During the period of two weeks， we held a series of activities，some
of which were in 　the　 charge of students from the English department.
②The car was bought six months ago and still under guarantee， so I got
it repaired free 　of　 charge.
the　
of　
【寫美】　補全句子
③The man who had 　taken charge of　 the company 　was charged
with　 bribe-taking， because he accepted a large amount of money from
a department manager 　in charge of　 the manufacturing.
掌管公司的那個人被指控受賄，因為他從負責(zé)生產(chǎn)的部門經(jīng)理那里收
了一大筆錢。
taken charge of　
was charged
with　
in charge of　
ahead of在……之前；早于；領(lǐng)先
【教材原句】　Ahead of its time， the submarine is also a secret from
the rest of the world.
這艘潛水艇是一個超越時代的發(fā)明，并且一直是一個不為人知的
秘密。
go ahead　　先走；進行；說吧；做吧；進行吧
go ahead with　　開始做；著手干
get ahead （of sb）　　走在（某人的）前面；領(lǐng)先；勝過（某人）
ahead of time/schedule　　提前
【用法】
【佳句】　Thanks to your help， we accomplished the task ahead of
schedule.
多虧你們幫忙，我們才提前完成了任務(wù)。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Only if our horse can get ahead 　of　 the leading runner， it can win
the race！
②My thanks should go to those inspiring me to go 　ahead　 and giving
me support as well.
of　
ahead　
【寫美】　補全句子
③If everyone puts in a bit more effort， the task will be finished 　ahead
of time/schedule　.
如果每人多出把力，任務(wù)就可以提前完成。
ahead
of time/schedule　
permit v.允許，準許，許可
【教材原句】　In order to keep this secret， Captain Nemo tells his
three newest passengers that they are not permitted to leave the
submarine.為了保守這個秘密，尼摩船長告誡他的三位新乘客永遠都
不能離開這里。
（1）permit sb to do sth　 允許某人做某事
permit doing sth　　允許做某事
time/weather permitting＝if time/weather permits　　如果時間/天氣允
許的話
（2）permission n.　　許可，允許
ask sb’s permission　　請求許可
without permission　　未經(jīng)許可，擅自
with one’s permission　　經(jīng)某人允許
【用法】
【佳句】　No one is permitted to take photos of the exhibits on show in
the museum without permission.
未經(jīng)允許，禁止任何人對博物館里正在展出的展品拍照。（通知）
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Weather 　permitting　 （permit）， the competition to be held in our
school stadium will begin at 2 pm and last for roughly 3 hours.
②We don’t permit 　playing　 （play） basketball on the playground
now.
permitting　
playing　
③I was very happy and excited to go there but I needed to ask my
parents’ 　permission　 （permit）.
【寫美】　補全句子
④Much to my disappointment， the security guards didn’t 　permit me
to bring　 a camera.
令我大為失望的是，保安人員不允許我?guī)鄼C。（情感描寫）
permission　
permit me
to bring　
relate v.相聯(lián)系，有關(guān)聯(lián)；講述
【教材原句】　And now， how can I look back upon the impression left
upon me by that walk under the waters？ Words are not enough to relate
such wonders！
現(xiàn)在，我該如何追述水下漫步給我留下的印象呢？那種奇遇是語言無
法描述的！
（1）relate to ...　與……有關(guān)；談到……
relate ...to ...　　把……與……聯(lián)系起來
relate sth to sb　　向某人講述某事
（2）related adj.　　相關(guān)的，有關(guān)系的
be related to ...　　與……有關(guān)
（3）relation n.　　聯(lián)系，關(guān)聯(lián)；親屬
in relation to　　有關(guān)，涉及
the relation between ...and ...　　……和……之間的聯(lián)系
【用法】
【佳句】　He later related the whole story to me， which made me very
happy.
后來他給我講了整件事的來龍去脈，這使我很高興。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①At the present time， some people still relate embarrassment 　to　
seeing a psychologist.
②It is interesting to talk about something in 　relation　 （relate） to
history in public.
to　
relation　
③According to a recent survey， many smokers die all too soon from
illness and diseases related 　to　 smoking.
【寫美】　補全句子
④The second paragraph of the text 　relates to the situation　 in
Scotland.
文章第二段談到蘇格蘭的形勢。
to　
relates to the situation　
astonish v.使吃驚，使驚訝
【教材原句】　The light， which lit the soil thirty feet below the surface
of the ocean， astonished me by its power.
光線照亮了海面以下30英尺的土地，這股力量使我震驚。
【用法】
（1）It astonishes sb that ... 令某人驚訝的是……
（2）astonishing adj.　　令人驚訝的
astonished adj.　　感到驚訝的
be astonished at/by sth　　因/對某事感到驚訝
be astonished to do sth　　對做某事感到驚訝
（3）astonishment n.　　驚訝
to one’s astonishment　　使某人驚訝的是
in astonishment　　吃驚地
【佳句】　The moment I opened the box， my eyes widened in
astonishment.
我一打開盒子就吃驚地睜大了雙眼。（情感描寫）
【練透】　單句語法填空
① 　Astonished　 （astonish）， Peter sat on the square， with tears in
his eyes.
②He was astonished 　to learn　 （learn） he had won the competition.
③You may find it 　astonishing　 （astonish） that Charlie was taught to
sing as soon as he could speak and to dance as soon as he could walk.
Astonished　
to learn　
astonishing　
【寫美】　句型轉(zhuǎn)換
④To my astonishment， she didn’t care about my feelings.
→ 　It astonished me that　 she didn’t care about my feelings.（it作形
式主語）
It astonished me that　
distinguish v.看清；認出；區(qū)分
【教材原句】　...and I clearly distinguished objects at a distance of a
hundred and fifty yards.
……我能清晰地辨認出150碼以內(nèi)的物體。
【用法】
（1）distinguish between A and B　區(qū)分A和B
distinguish ...from ...　　把……與……區(qū)分開來
distinguish oneself （as ...）（作為……）表現(xiàn)突出；使自己與眾不
同；使自己成名
（2）distinguished adj. 　　卓越的；著名的；杰出的
be distinguished for ...　　因……而出名
be distinguished as ...　　作為……而出名
【佳句】　Distinguished for its attractive scenery， Hangzhou sees
large numbers of tourists every year.
杭州以其迷人的風(fēng)景而聞名遐邇，每年都有大量的游客。（推薦信）
【練透】　單句語法填空
①As far as we all know， Lang Ping has already
distinguished 　herself　 （she） as a great volleyball coach in the
world.
②The twins were so much alike that it was impossible to distinguish
one 　from　 the other.
herself　
from　
【寫美】　補全句子
③Paper-cutting 　is distinguished as　 a traditional art form， which has
a history of more than 1，500 years in China.
剪紙作為一種傳統(tǒng)的藝術(shù)形式而出名，在中國有著1，500多年的歷
史。（傳統(tǒng)文化）
is distinguished as　
surround v.環(huán)繞，圍繞
【教材原句】　Truly this water which surrounded me was but another
air heavier than the Earth’s atmosphere，but almost as clear.
真的，環(huán)繞在我四周的水仿佛不過是一種氣體，比地球的大氣更稠
密，卻幾乎一樣透明。
（1）surround sb/sth with sb/sth 使某人/某物被某人/某物包圍
be surrounded by/with　被圍繞著；周圍是……
（2）surrounding adj.　　周圍的
surroundings n.　　環(huán)境（多用復(fù)數(shù)）
【用法】
【佳句】　And don’t forget： we are surrounded by a natural
playground just perfect for walking， climbing and cycling.
別忘了：我們周圍有一個天然的游樂場，非常適合散步、攀巖和騎自
行車。
【點津】　surroundings常用復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示周圍具體的物質(zhì)環(huán)境。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①In a word， you are welcome to our school and I hope you can adapt to
the new 　surroundings　 （surround） soon.
②It is wise to surround yourself 　with　 people who have a high level of
self-discipline.
surroundings　
with　
【寫美】　補全句子
③The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp， which 　was
surrounded by　 a high wire fence.
這只饑餓的熊一路嗅著來到了我們的營地，營地周圍有高高的鐵絲
網(wǎng)。（環(huán)境描寫）
was
surrounded by　
Part Ⅱ　重點句型解構(gòu)
句型公式：獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)
【教材原句】　Captain Nemo walked in front， one of his men
following some steps behind.
尼摩船長走在前面，他的一個隨從緊隨其后。
（1）句中的one of his men following some steps behind是獨立主格結(jié)
構(gòu)。
（2）獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)相當于一個狀語從句，常用來表示時間、原因、
條件、方式、伴隨狀況等。獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)由“名詞/代詞＋介詞短語/
副詞/形容詞（短語）/名詞/非謂語動詞等”構(gòu)成，其中前面的名詞
或代詞在意義上為后面結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語。
【用法】
【品悟】　He was astonished to see the embarrassing scene， his mouth
half open.
看到這尷尬的場面，他大吃一驚，嘴巴半張著。
【寫美】　微寫作/句型轉(zhuǎn)換
①早餐過后，一些探險家和他們的船長出發(fā)去探索這座神秘的島嶼。
　Breakfast over　，some explorers，along with their captain， set out
to explore the mysterious island.
Breakfast over　
②After all the e-mails had been answered， the girl turned off the
computer.
→ 　All the e-mails answered　， the girl turned off the computer.（獨
立主格結(jié)構(gòu)）
→ 　With all the e-mails answered　， the girl turned off the computer.
（with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)）
All the e-mails answered　
With all the e-mails answered　
句型公式：介詞詞組置于句首引起的完全倒裝
【教材原句】　Above me was the calm surface of the sea.
在我之上是平靜的海面。
【用法】
（1）表示地點的介詞詞組置于句首，且主語是名詞時，句子用完全
倒裝。
（2）out， in， down， up， away， here， there， now， then，
next等表示方位和時間的副詞置于句首，且主語是名詞時，句子用完
全倒裝。
（3）在上述兩種情況中，若主語是代詞，則不用倒裝。
（4）作表語的形容詞、分詞短語提到系動詞前面時，句子也構(gòu)成完
全倒裝。
（5）代詞such置于句首，且在句中作表語時，句子用完全倒裝。
【品悟】　Lying on the bed was my labmate， weak and worried.
我的課題搭檔躺在床上，又虛弱又憂心忡忡。
【寫美】　微寫作
①從山谷中傳來美妙的歌聲。
From the valley 　came the beautiful song　.
②窗邊坐著一位老人，手里拿著一本雜志。
By the window 　sat an old man　 with a magazine in his hand.
③這就是我們充滿活力的城市，只要您方便，隨時歡迎來參觀。
　Such is our lively city　， which you are welcome to visit whenever at
your convenience.
④被選為領(lǐng)袖的她很幸運。
　Lucky is she　 who was chosen to be a leader.
came the beautiful song　
sat an old man　
Such is our lively city　
Lucky is she　
句型公式：as if引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句
【教材原句】　Shall I be believed when I say that， at the depth of thirty
feet， I could see as if I was in broad daylight？
如果說在海面以下30英尺的地方，我能像在明亮的日光下一樣看得清
清楚楚，會有人相信嗎？
【用法】
【品悟】　When you walk into the gallery， you feel as if you were
inside a fragile， white seashell.
當你走進畫廊時，你感覺就像在一個精細潔白的貝殼里面。
【寫美】　微寫作/一句多譯
①杰克什么也沒說，但老師對他微笑，好像他做了一件非常聰明
的事。
Jack didn’t say anything， but the teacher smiled at him as if he 　had
done something very clever　.
②我記得整件事就像昨天發(fā)生的一樣。
I remember the whole thing as if 　it happened yesterday　.
had
done something very clever　
it happened yesterday　
③當我看見那個男孩時，他站在那兒，低著頭，好像剛剛被老師
批評了。
→When I saw the boy， he stood there with his head bent 　as if he was
criticised by the teacher　 just now.
→When I saw the boy， he stood there with his head bent 　as if criticised
by the teacher　 just now.
as if he was
criticised by the teacher　
as if criticised
by the teacher　
課時檢測·提能力
培育學(xué)科素養(yǎng)
4
維度一：品句填詞
1. The 　captain　 （船長） ordered the crew members to get the
training done by two o’clock.
2. Writing out all the invitations by hand 　consumed　 （消耗） more
time than we had expected.
3. Employees in the company are 　permitted　 （允許） to use the
mobile phone during their free hours.
captain　
consumed　
permitted　
4. A number of other theories will be discussed in the following 　chapter
（s）　 （章節(jié)）； if you are interested， just keep reading.
5. The teacher， who has taught for over 30 years， is in 　charge　
（負責(zé)） of the school work now.
6. There is something about music that distinguishes　 it from all other art
forms.
7. He was standing on the tower looking at the lake beneath　.
8. One-third of the town is covered with trees and the majority of the
residents　 are black people.
chapter
（s）　
charge　
istinguishes　
eneath　
esidents　
維度二：詞形轉(zhuǎn)換
1. The girl used to be shy， but now she is 　gradually　 （gradual）
getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.
2. Fully absorbed in the 　fascinating　 （fascinate） novel， he didn’t
notice evening approaching.
3. People were 　astonished　 （astonish） to learn the news that the
famous musician Zhao Yingjun had passed away.
4. You should have a goal 　related　 （relate） to your study at the
beginning of a year.
gradually　
fascinating　
astonished　
related　
5. You also need to judge the quality and 　depth　 （deep） of your
motivation. This is quite important， because it is directly related to
your commitment.
6. Your dad will go wild if he knows you drive his car
without 　permission　 （permit）.
depth　
permission　
維度三：固定搭配和句式
1. I heard that he got injured in the accident， 　my heart full of worry　
（我內(nèi)心充滿了擔(dān)憂）.
2. People talked about it vividly， 　as if they had all experienced it　
（好像他們都經(jīng)歷過一樣） themselves.
3. 　Under the tree sat/sits　 （坐在樹下） a lovely girl aged about
seventeen or eighteen.
4. To our shock， the car was stolen 　in broad daylight　 （在大白
天）.
5. We set off in the early morning and arrived there 　ahead of
time/schedule　 （提前）.
my heart full of worry　
as if they had all experienced it　
Under the tree sat/sits　
in broad daylight　
ahead of
time/schedule　
維度四：課文語法填空
　　I 1. 　took　 （take） a walk under the waters of the sea many years
ago.I will never forget the impression 2. 　left　 （leave） on me.I find
words are not enough to relate the great wonders！ Captain Nemo walked
in front， one of his men 3. 　following　 （follow） some steps
behind.Conseil and I 4. 　were kept　 （keep） in metal cases but we
remained near each other.Inside the metal cases， I didn’t feel the
weight of anything around me， including my shoes， my air supply and
my helmet， inside 5. 　which　 my head shook like a nut in its shell.
took　
left　
following　
were kept　
which　
　　The light went through thirty feet of water and lit the soil below the
surface of the ocean.The sunlight was so 6. 　powerful　 （power） that
it consumed all colour.As 7. 　a　 result， I was able to see different
objects 8. 　at　 a distance of a hundred and fifty yards.Beyond the
sunlight， the colours became fine shades of deep blue and
9. 　gradually　 （gradual） disappeared.We were walking on the sand
as if we were walking on a flat shore.When I tell you this story about my
walk at the 10. 　depth　 （deep） of thirty feet， I don’t expect you to
believe me.
powerful　
a　
at　
gradually　
depth　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　Climbers targeting peaks above 5，000 meters in the Xizang
autonomous region， including the north side of Qomolangma， now
have to apply for a permit， according to a rule issued by Chinese sports
authorities.
　　To make climbing safer， or at least less deadly， the General
Administration of Sport and the sports bureau of Xizang released a
notification （通知） requiring climbers to send an application to the
bureau at least a month in advance of their planned climb.It said climbing
without permits will be strictly forbidden.
　　“In recent years， cases of injuries， missing people and deaths
have been witnessed as a result of illegal climbing，” the notification
said.“Climbing is a highly professional sport with high risk.Most illegal
climbers lack professional skills， facilities and tour guides.Such
activities will interfere with orderly climbing and bring risks， not only to
the climbers themselves but also rescuers.They will also lead to a loss of
personal or national property.”
　　Applications will need to detail each individual climber’s personal
information， proposed climbing routes and related plans.Climbers are
also being asked to obey related rules to protect mountain
environments.The notification also urged regional government
departments to strengthen safety checks and the prohibition of illegal
climbing， encourage residents to join regular patrols near major climbing
routes and promote public education on climbing safety.
　　In a previous interview with China Daily， Kul Bahadur Gurung，
general secretary of the Nepal Mountaineering Association， said difficult
weather conditions， lack of experience and support personnel， and the
commercialization （商業(yè)化） of expeditions were the main reasons for
the high death toll on the world’s highest peak.“Since the number of
people reaching the summit of Everest is increasing， everyone thinks it is
easier to climb and everyone can climb， which is a totally false idea，”
he said.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。文章報道了中國體育部門為阻止
非法攀登，要求攀登西藏自治區(qū)5，000米以上山峰的登山者必須申
請許可證。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。文章報道了中國體育部門為阻止
非法攀登，要求攀登西藏自治區(qū)5，000米以上山峰的登山者必須申
請許可證。
1. Why is a permit needed for Qomolangma climbers？（　?。?br/>A. To stop illegal climbing.
B. To provide training ahead.
C. To limit the number of climbers.
D. To collect climbers’ information.
解析： 　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容和第三段第一句可知，非
法攀登造成了很多安全問題，珠穆朗瑪峰登山者需要許可證是為了
禁止非法攀登，確保安全。
2. Which word can best replace the underlined words “interfere with” in
Paragraph 3？（　?。?br/>A. test B. change
C. replace D. disturb
解析： 　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在句前一句和后一句可知，
非法登山者缺乏登山必備的條件，會造成很多損失。由此推知，非
法登山的活動干擾正常有序的登山，帶來很多風(fēng)險。interfere with
意為“干擾”，與disturb意思一致。
3. What does Paragraph 4 focus on about the notification？（　　）
A. Its content. B. Its purpose.
C. Its background. D. Its impact.
解析： 　段落大意題。通讀第四段內(nèi)容可知，本段介紹了該通知
的具體內(nèi)容，包括申請表填寫的要求、對登山者的要求、對地方政
府部門的要求等。
4. What does Kul Bahadur Gurung think of the Everest climbing？（　　）
A. It’s a totally false idea.
B. It should be eco-friendly.
C. It’s highly professional.
D. It should be non-profitable.
解析： 　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段末Kul Bahadur Gurung所說
的話可知，他認為攀登珠峰頂峰很容易的想法是錯誤的。由此推
知，他認為珠峰攀登是一項極其專業(yè)的活動。
B
　　Scrolling through Instagram can quickly convince you that
everyone’s life is more interesting than yours.During a particularly
adventurous week on Instagram Stories recently， I saw water skiing in
Maui， hiking in Yosemite and swimming with wild pigs in Bermuda.I
started googling flights to new places.Then I ordered pho， Vietnam’s
national dish， from the same Vietnamese place I eat every week and
returned to the same old routine and I felt bad about not trying somewhere
new.
　　Evolutionarily， human brains tend to find newfangled experiences
more exciting and attention-grabbing than repeated experiences.They
can’t process all the thrills around us， so we evolve to pay attention to
new， flashy and potentially dangerous things more intently than familiar
things， which we’ve seen enough to know they’re not
dangerous.What’s more， words like “repetition” and
“repetitiveness” tend to be associated with more negative emotions.
　　However， recent research published in the Journal of Personality
and Social Psychology suggests we should reconsider how we digest those
feelings of monotony （單調(diào)）.Some previous research has painted a
negative picture of repeated experiences， saying that doing the same
thing twice can feel less valuable.But Ed O’Brien， a professor of
behavioral science， wondered whether people actually underestimate how
positively they react to repeated experiences.
　　To test this theory， Mr O’Brien and his team exposed all
participants to the same stimulus （刺激） （various stimuli were
tested， including museum visits， movies and video games）.Next，
after dividing them into two groups， the first group of participants were
asked to imagine repeating the experience， while the second actually did
repeat the experience.Counter to previous research， Mr O’Brien found
that across the board， repeated experiences were far more enjoyable than
participants expected.In other words： You’re far more likely to enjoy
something the second time around than you think.
　　“Brand new experiences are definitely great for enjoyment，” said
Mr O’Brien.“And our studies don’t go against this idea.In many
cases， the brand new option is better.But， what our studies emphasize
is that repeated options might also have high hedonic （享樂的） value
and might also come with lower costs than a purely new option.”
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了很多人都喜歡冒
險，追求新鮮感，但是研究卻發(fā)現(xiàn)重復(fù)也能給我們帶來快樂。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了很多人都喜歡冒
險，追求新鮮感，但是研究卻發(fā)現(xiàn)重復(fù)也能給我們帶來快樂。
5. What did the author think of her own life？（　　）
A. It included many exciting things.
B. It depended heavily on social media.
C. It was highly adventurous.
D. It was boringly repetitive.
解析： 　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，作者覺得自己
的生活毫無新意，沒有創(chuàng)新。
6. How do our brains usually respond to stimuli from familiar things？
（　?。?br/>A. They may pay little attention to them.
B. They may process them first.
C. They may feel uncertain of them.
D. They may consider them as positive things.
解析： 　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的Evolutionarily， human
brains tend to find 　newfangled　 experiences more exciting ... than
familiar things可推斷，我們的大腦使我們不太注意熟悉的刺激物。
7. What is the meaning of the underlined word in Paragraph 2？（　　）
A. Fictional. B. Fascinating.
C. Novel. D. Significant.
解析： 　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后句可知，人類的大腦往往會
關(guān)注新奇的事物。所以newfangled意為“新奇的”。
8. What did the second group of participants do during the experiment？
（　?。?br/>A. They experienced the same stimuli twice.
B. They imagined their old experiences twice.
C. They repeated similar activities many times.
D. They predicted the first group’s experiences.
解析： 　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的Next， after dividing them
into two groups， the first group of participants were asked to imagine
repeating the experience， while the second actually did repeat the
experience.可知，第二組參與者重復(fù)了先前的體驗。
C
　　This past January， Captain Preet Chandi set foot on a historic，
though decidedly icy trail by becoming the first woman to reach the South
Pole alone， without assistance.While others might have been content to
make history with this singular accomplishment， “Polar Preet” Chandi
is not one to rest on her achievements.The journey to the South Pole was
merely “phase one” of a larger and even more extraordinary goal for the
adventurous British Army officer.
　　“For the phase two”， the 33-year-old has set her sights on
crossing Antarctica — once again doing the journey alone and unsupported
to become the first woman to achieve this goal.
　　On 14 November 2023， Chandi departed from Hercules Inlet， an
ice-filled bay at the southwestern section of the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf
bordering the Weddell Sea in Antarctica.Her goal is to reach Reedy
Glacier within 75 days， a coast-to-coast journey consisting of roughly
1，100 miles.And “roughly” is the key word here — she’ll be pulling
a sled （雪橇） with equipment， weighing about 264 pounds
altogether， and she’ll be doing so in temperatures that can sink to minus
58 degrees Fahrenheit， with wind speeds of up to 60 miles per hour.
　　Her journey thus far required years of training.Prior to her 700-mile
South Pole journey， she prepared by attending a polar survival course in
Norway.She continued her training back home in the UK by dragging
tires， the closest thing to pulling a sled， and a month-long practice run
in Greenland.Ultimately， Chandi went on to finish her first South Pole
expedition in 40 days， a full eight days ahead of schedule.
　　When not otherwise setting records of human endurance in extreme
conditions， Chandi tries to inspire others in her day-to-day work.
　　Chandi will be posting interval （間隔） voice blog updates of her
phase two progress on her website， polar ， where a live
tracking map will also provide her current location at every point along her
journey.
　　“Nothing is impossible.I’ve always had this idea that I can achieve
something great， something that allows me to be a role model，”
Chandi shared on her blog.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了第一位獨自到達南
極點的女性普里特·昌迪開始進行穿越南極洲的激勵人的探險故事。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了第一位獨自到達南
極點的女性普里特·昌迪開始進行穿越南極洲的激勵人的探險故事。
9. Why does Chandi want to cross Antarctica？（　　）
A. To stick to a promise.
B. To take further challenges.
C. To raise money for poor women.
D. To realize her childhood dream.
解析： 　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句中的without
assistance以及第二段中的doing the journey alone and
unsupported可知，Preet Chandi是一個愛冒險的人，她穿越南
極洲是為了嘗試有挑戰(zhàn)性的事情。
10. Why did the author emphasize the word “roughly” in Paragraph 3？
（　?。?br/>A. To hide the author’s bad memory of numbers.
B. To indicate there are more challenges facing Chandi.
C. To explain there is no proper word to describe the journey.
D. To show there is no official figure about the distance to Antarctica.
解析： 　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句可推知，作者強調(diào)
“大約”是1，100英里，因為除了這個路程外，Chandi還面臨著
沉重的設(shè)備、極度的低溫以及大風(fēng)等帶來的困難。
11. What can we infer from Paragraph 4？（　　）
A. Survival training is a hard process.
B. Chandi got trained by pulling sleds.
C. The journey to South Pole was eventful.
D. Chandi made full preparations for her adventure.
解析： 　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可推知，她為這次探險
做了充分的準備工作。
12. Which words can best describe Chandi？（　?。?br/>A. Inspiring and friendly.
B. Active and creative.
C. Confident and determined.
D. Adventurous and modest.
解析： 　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，Preet Chandi克服
困難，獨自一人成功抵達南極點，這說明她有著堅定的意志；再
結(jié)合最后一段可推知，她是一位意志堅定且自信的女性。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　Rainforests cover six percent of the Earth’s surface. There are
rainforests in many parts of the world， but the biggest forests are in South
America， Africa and South East Asia.There aren’t any rainforests in
Europe or North America.
　　About 75％ of all the types of animals come from rainforests.13.
（　?。?There are many beautiful birds， insects and reptiles.Many of
them live in the trees， over 30 meters from the ground.There are also
thousands of different plants — and lots of them are tall trees！ It is
always hot in a rainforest and the ground is always wet.14.（　?。?br/>　　The rainforests are very important for us.We need them！ The trees
and other plants in the forest help to make the air that we breathe.15.
（　?。?They give us wood， rubber， fruits and many of our
medicines.
　　16. （　?。?For example， many years ago there was a large
rainforest in Java.There were thousands of different plants and animals in
the forest， but now there is nothing.People cut down the trees because
they wanted to grow rice.They also wanted to grow rubber trees to make
rubber.Many animals lived in the rainforest.Some of them went to other
parts of Java， but many of them disappeared — forever.17.（　?。?br/>The rainforests are in danger！
A. It is also very dark there.
B. They also help to control the weather.
C. They cut down the forest to make roads.
D. Many forest people try to save their forests.
E. Thousands and thousands of animals live in rainforests.
F. Unfortunately， in many places， the rainforests are in danger.
G. The same thing is happening now in many other parts of the world.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了熱帶雨林的分布、
動植物資源、環(huán)境條件以及面臨的危險。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了熱帶雨林的分布、
動植物資源、環(huán)境條件以及面臨的危險。
13. E　上文講述了熱帶雨林的動物種類大約占75％，下文講述了熱
帶雨林里有許多鳥類、昆蟲和爬行動物。由此可知，空處應(yīng)與熱帶雨
林的動物有關(guān)，E項（成千上萬的動物生活在熱帶雨林中）承上啟
下，符合語境。
14. A　上文講述了雨林的環(huán)境條件：雨林里總是很熱，地面總是潮
濕的。A項（那里也很黑）進一步補充上文，符合語境。
15. B　上文講述了我們需要雨林，森林中的植物制造我們呼吸的空
氣。B項（它們也有助于控制天氣）承接上文，符合語境。
16. F　下文列舉了爪哇島熱帶雨林消失的例子。F項（不幸的
是，在許多地方，熱帶雨林正處于危險之中）與下文構(gòu)成例證關(guān)
系，符合語境。
17. G　根據(jù)上下文可知，爪哇島的熱帶雨林被破壞，導(dǎo)致動植物消
失，所以空處應(yīng)是說許多其他地方的熱帶雨林也在遭遇同樣的困境，
所以很多熱帶雨林處于危險之中。G項（同樣的事情現(xiàn)在正在世界許
多其他地方發(fā)生）符合語境。
Ⅲ.應(yīng)用文寫作
　　上周末你校組織了一次爬山活動，請把這次經(jīng)歷記錄下來。內(nèi)容
包括：
　　1. 出發(fā)的時間和乘坐的交通工具；
　　2. 爬山途中令你印象深刻的事情。
注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；
2. 可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
參考范文：
　　Last weekend， I went to climb the mountain with my classmates.We
set off in the early morning by bus and arrived at the destination at 8
o’clock.I was fascinated by the beautiful scenery along the road， which
left a deep impression on me.We made an attempt to find the shortest way
in order to climb to the top of the mountain as soon as possible.After
failing many times， we finally found a road that was surrounded by many
trees.Along the way， we encountered a snake， which crawled away
immediately it saw us.Fortunately， no one was injured.Finally， we
climbed to the top of the mountain successfully.
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