資源簡(jiǎn)介

UNIT 2　Onwards and upwards
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
維度一：品句填詞
1.He has been 　　　　　　（通知） that he doesn’t qualify for the scholarship because of his poor academic performance.
2.As the technology continues to develop at a fast 　　　　　　（速度）， however， questions arise about how to use it appropriately.
3.Whatever the 　　　　　　（結(jié)果） of the war， there will be no winners.
4.If I do chance to find out where she is， I 　　　　　　　　（保證） to inform you immediately.
5.Their project got stuck.　　　　　　 （然而）， Tu would not acknowledge defeat.
6.His parents both died in the traffic accidents， leaving him a lot of d　　　　　　.
7.Her proposal met with unanimous r　　　　　.
8.As the composer grows older， he likes to reread the c　　　　　　 regularly.
維度二：詞形轉(zhuǎn)換
1.　　　　　　 （rare） does he go shopping， for his wife does all that for the family.
2.You get a lot of 　　　　　　（criticize）， but you just have to carry on regardless.
3.His courage and 　　　　　　（persevere） carried him through the difficulties as well as sharpened his skills.
4.A range of green campaigns have been launched globally in 　　　　　　（respond） to the gravity of the climate crisis.
5.People are usually well 　　　　　　（inform） of what is happening due to the advanced media， such as television， newspapers and the Internet.
6.Lily got full marks in answering the complicated problem， which was a 　　　　　　（delight） result.
7.He started writing as a side hustle （副業(yè)） and he faced a lot of 　　　　　　（reject） before getting his first book published.
維度三：固定搭配和句式
1.Be careful， or you’ll 　　　　　　　　　　　　（弄傷手）.
2.I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（20年沒(méi)有再工作直到） Mr Mandela and the ANC came to power in 1994.
3.I came across my former English teacher 　　　　　　　　　　　　　（當(dāng)我正在公園散步時(shí)）.
4.　　　　　　　　 （看起來(lái)） cats and dogs can live in perfect harmony in the same house.
5.　　　　　　　　　　　　 （他們托著下巴）， they were staring out of the window or up at the ceiling.
維度四：課文語(yǔ)法填空
　　Actually， a lot of highly successful writers have 1.　　　　　　 （previous） faced rejection.Take 2.　　　　　　 example J.K.Rowling.After a total 3.　　　　　　 twelve rejections， one publisher eventually agreed to print 500 copies of her first book， 4.　　　　　　 as we know， Harry Potter became a global success.J.D.Salinger started writing short stories in high school， but later struggled to get his works 5.　　　　　　 （publish）.When The Catcher in the Rye was eventually published， the book became an immediate best-seller and went on 6.　　　　　　　　 （sell） millions and millions of copies.Perhaps the overall prize for perseverance should go 7.　　　　　　 three sisters from Victorian England.They wrote a book of poems under male names.Even when the book sold only two copies， the sisters still didn’t give 8.　　　　　　.Today Charlotte Brontё’s Jane Eyre， Emily Brontё’s Wuthering Heights and Anne Brontё’s Agnes Grey 9.　　　　　 （regard） as classics of world literature.So talent alone isn’t enough to guarantee success.While a lot of hard work and a touch of luck play 10.　　　　　　 part， perseverance is the key.
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　At 10：00 am on Friday， 25 May 2001， Erik Weihenmayer summited Qomolangma， the world’s highest mountain.The 33-year-old man and his team had been on the mountain for two months， climbing up and down between the Base Camp at 17，600 feet and higher Camps 1 and 3.This climbing helped them get used to the high altitude.It also gave them time to carry supplies， such as tents， and precious oxygen tanks to the higher camps.
　　After a final climb to Camp 4 at 26，000 feet， Erik’s team had to wait two weeks through howling storms before trying to reach the summit at 29，035 feet.Erik is tough， though， and he could deal with the wait.Erik Weihenmayer is also blind.He is the first blind person to reach the summit of Qomolangma.
　　Erik was born with a disease that causes blindness， and by age 13， he had completely lost his sight.Erik learned to treat his blindness as an adventure.
　　The pain and suffering that climbers experience at high altitudes is incredible.Lack of oxygen causes the lung to be strained and can make the brain swell.Climbers can lose track of reality and may wander off the side of the mountain or take off their oxygen tanks without realizing it.The cold， harsh conditions do great harm to climbers’ bodies.One advantage Erik has over sighted climbers is that he is not affected by snow-blindness.The glare of the sun on snow makes climbing more difficult for those who are used to being able to see.
　　Despite all of this， Erik loves climbing.He enjoys the teamwork and the bonding between climbers.His fellow climbers say that describing what they see to Erik makes them appreciate the sights more.They respect his abilities and consider Erik an equal member of their team.
　　Erik’s eventual goal is to be the first blind person to climb the highest peak on each of the seven continents.Although he takes his role as a spokesperson for the blind seriously， he doesn’t climb just to prove that blind people can do it.Erik Weihenmayer climbs because it connects him with who he is and makes him feel alive.
1.What does the underlined word “summited” in the first paragraph mean？
A.Came to. B.Took pictures of.
C.Caught sight of. D.Reached the top of.
2.Which of the following is best supported by this passage？
A.Mountain climbing is difficult and dangerous.
B.Blind people can do anything that sighted people can do.
C.The pain and suffering that climbers experience at high altitudes is well known.
D.Erik Weihenmayer regarded his blindness as a misfortune.
3.The most helpful point to Erik in climbing high， difficult mountains is 　　　　.
A.his acceptance of his blindness
B.his mental toughness
C.his not being affected by snow-blindness
D.his desire to enjoy life
4.Which of the following is the main idea of the passage？
A.Mountain climbers must be able to endure a lot of pain.
B.How Erik became an excellent mountain climber.
C.Erik Weihenmayer， though blind， is an excellent mountain climber.
D.Erik Weihenmayer didn’t realize his ambitious target eventually.
B
　　If you could see a movie of your life before you lived it， would you want to live it？Probably not.The excitement of living is that you don’t know what’s coming.
　　Sure， it’s hard to see the uncertainty （不確定性） in such a positive light when you’re out of work， or when you feel like you’re failing.But the uncertainty is really another word for the opportunity.
　　When Allison graduated from Harvard， she had opportunities all over the place but had no idea what she wanted to do.She took a job in consulting but she knew she wouldn’t stay there.She took the GRE and scored so high that she was able to increase her income by teaching students.Still， she didn’t think she wanted to go to graduate school.Allison knew she wasn’t doing what she wanted， but she didn’t know what she wanted.
　　She worried.All her friends were going to graduate school or started their own business.She was lost and felt that she would never find anything out.
　　After six years， many of her friends who went directly to professional （職業(yè)的） school had crises when they graduated because they weren’t sure if they had picked the right profession.And Allison， by having a general plan in mind， got married， moved to the Midwest， and used her consulting experience to get a great job.
　　Allison realized that her years spent being lost were actually just a period during which she was finding her way：time well spent， and time we must all take if we’re being honest with ourselves.
　　The only way to lead an interesting life is to face uncertainties and make choices.Otherwise your life is not your own — it is a path someone else has chosen.Moments of uncertainty are when you create your life， when you become who you are.
　　Uncertainties usually begin with a job hunt， but they don’t end there.Every new role we take on means another round of uncertainty.Instead of fearing them， we are supposed to find some new ways to deal with uncertainties.
5.What can be inferred from the first two paragraphs？
A.Being out of work is a sad thing.
B.The uncertainty is what makes life interesting.
C.Life in a film is more exciting than life in reality.
D.Opportunity never appears when we need it.
6.How did Allison feel about her six years’ experience？
A.Doubtful. B.Sad.
C.Regretful. D.Satisfied.
7.In which way does the author develop the passage？
A.Giving definitions.
B.Giving examples.
C.Deciding the changes in space order.
D.Making comparisons.
8.What is most likely to be discussed in the following paragraph？
A.Ways to deal with uncertainties.
B.The role the uncertainty plays in life.
C.The reason why people fear uncertainties.
D.The one is to blame for uncertainties.
C
　　Maria （1718－1799） was a famous Italian mathematician.She was described in a book as follows：“Maria was a child prodigy （神童），but was also shy.”
　　She stayed at home，teaching the younger children and following her own study.When her mother died after giving birth to twenty-one children，Maria took over the running of the household.At the age of twenty she started a ten-year project，a book bringing together the work on calculus （微積分學(xué)） of Leibnitz and Newton titled Analytic Institutions.Sometimes she would have trouble with a problem，but her mind went on working even in her sleep；she would sleepwalk to her study and back to bed.In the morning，she would find the answer to the problem waiting on her desk.Her book made her famous；she was living proof of what she had argued at nine years old that women had a right to study science.But Maria had other interests in her life apart from mathematics.She had always worked with the poor people in her area，and she had asked her father for separate rooms and turned them into a private hospital.She worked at the hospital （and another） until she died at the age of eighty-one.Maria wrote an important book on mathematics，as well as another unpublished book.She ran a household of over twenty people， and she worked for people who had not had her luck and opportunities.Each one of these things was remarkable，but she did them all.
9.What can we know from the text？
A.Maria was a maths teacher when she was young.
B.Maria lived a rich life in her childhood.
C.Maria was born into a large family.
D.Maria was too shy to teach others.
10.What can be inferred from the text？
A.There were some good schools for children when Maria was young.
B.Women were not allowed to study science when Maria was a little girl.
C.Women had equal rights to learn anything as boys did.
D.Maria had the ability to make enough money to bring up her brothers and sisters when her mother died.
11.According to the text，Maria was so devoted to maths that she 　　　　.
A.forgot everything when she was studying
B.spent over ten years writing her most famous book
C.never slept while doing researches
D.would go on with her study in her dream
12.We know from the text that Maria was also a 　　　　woman.
A.kind-hearted B.beautiful
C.well-born D.rich
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　A lack of motivation can be the biggest barrier to reaching your goals.When you have no motivation to complete a task or even start one， consider adopting the following techniques to develop a plan for self-motivation.　13　.You can make attempts at them to see which one best helps you.
　　Act as if you feel motivated
　　If you’re struggling with motivation， try changing your behavior to trick yourself into feeling more motivated.For example， instead of lying on the couch in your pajamas all day， get dressed and spring into action.　14　.
　　Argue the opposite
　　When you’re feeling unmotivated， you tend to come up with a long list of excuses for not taking any action.You might think， “It’ll be too hard，” or “I’ll never get it done anyway.” These thoughts can keep you stuck and block your progress.　15　.This can help you shift your mindset and remind you that achieving your goal is possible.
　　　16　
　　You might believe that being tough on yourself is the way to motivate yourself.But severe self-criticism doesn’t work.Research suggests that treating yourself with warmth and understanding is a more effective motivator， especially in times of difficulty.So rather than beat yourself up for mistakes， create a gentle inner dialogue.
　　Follow the 10-minute rule
　　　17　.But once you’ve taken that first step， it becomes much easier to keep going.If you’re feeling hesitant about beginning a task， try using the 10-minute rule.Allow yourself to quit after just 10 minutes if you need to.When you reach the 10-minute mark， you’ll probably find that you have enough motivation to continue.
A.Practice self-kindness
B.Having a sense of rules is very important
C.Getting started on a task is usually the hardest part
D.You may find that it will stimulate you to make efforts
E.Learning to challenge them can help you move forward
F.Keep in mind that not every strategy works for everyone
G.Instead， focus on the factors that could lead to your success
13.　　　　　　14.　　　　　　15.　　　　
16.　　　 17.　　　
Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空
　　“There is a long long story 　18　 Tai Chi and me，” says Jose Gago， a Spanish man who has taught Tai Chi in his hometown for almost 36 years.
　　Although the first martial arts school 　19　 （found） in 1982 in Ourense， Spain， Jose did not make the trip to China until 1994 　20　 （further） his study of Tai Chi.Since then， he 　21　 （travel） to China over 20 times.For Jose， Tai Chi is not 　22　 （simple） a sport.　23　 attracts him most is the Taoist philosophy rooted in Tai Chi， of which the main elements consist in the principles of “softness， slowness， balance and rootedness”.
　　His martial arts school， which provides introductory programs for 　24　 （begin）， has approximately 150 students， 　25　 （range） from children under the age of 5 to senior citizens over 70.He has trained thousands of students in Spain， many of 　26　 have won awards in a number of tournaments.
　　Jose’s hometown has hosted a number of free Tai Chi community classes and Tai Chi is acting as an important bridge for 　27　 （culture） exchanges.
18.　　　　　　19.　　　　　　20.　　　　
21.　　　 22.　　　 23.　　　
24.　　　 25.　　　 26.　　　
27.　　　
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)自測(cè)
維度一
1.informed　2.pace　3.outcome　4.guarantee
5.Nevertheless　6.debts　7.rejection　8.classics
維度二
1.Rarely　2.criticism　3.perseverance　4.response
5.informed　6.delightful　7.rejection
維度三
1.get/have your hands injured
2.did not work again for twenty years until
3.while I was walking in the park
4.It seems that
5.With their chins on their hands
維度四
1.previously　2.for　3.of　4.and　5.published　6.to sell
7.to　8.up　9.are regarded　10.a
素養(yǎng)能力提升
Ⅰ.
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了盲人Erik Weihenmayer在2001年5月25日星期五上午10點(diǎn)登上了世界最高峰——珠穆朗瑪峰，描述了他們?cè)谂实沁^(guò)程中遇到的困難，Erik和隊(duì)友的關(guān)系以及Erik對(duì)登山的看法。
1.D　詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中的He is the first blind person to reach the summit of Qomolangma.以及畫線詞后的Qomolangma， the world’s highest mountain可知，此處表示Erik Weihenmayer登上了珠穆朗瑪峰的山頂。由此推測(cè)，畫線詞意為“到達(dá)山頂，到達(dá)最高點(diǎn)”。
2.A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的The pain and suffering ...harm to climbers’ bodies.可知，登山者會(huì)遇到缺氧、失去意識(shí)、寒冷、雪盲等種種困難，人身安全受到嚴(yán)重威脅。由此可推知，這篇文章最支持“登山既困難又危險(xiǎn)”的觀點(diǎn)。
3.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的One advantage Erik ...being able to see.可知，Erik不會(huì)受到雪盲癥的影響是他登山的一種優(yōu)勢(shì)。由此可知，在攀登高難度山峰時(shí)，這是對(duì)Erik最有幫助的一點(diǎn)。
4.C　主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了盲人Erik Weihenmayer在2001年5月25日星期五上午10點(diǎn)登上了世界最高峰——珠穆朗瑪峰，描述了他們?cè)谂实沁^(guò)程中遇到的困難，Erik和隊(duì)友的關(guān)系以及Erik對(duì)登山的看法。
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。文章旨在說(shuō)明生活中的不確定性對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)也是機(jī)遇。
5.B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的The excitement of living is that you don’t know what’s coming.可知，不確定性讓生活變得有趣。
6.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的Allison realized that her years spent being lost were actually just a period during which she was finding her way ...可知，Allison對(duì)自己過(guò)去幾年的經(jīng)歷是滿意的。
7.B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三至六段描述可知，本文列舉了Allison的例子來(lái)論證觀點(diǎn)，因此，作者通過(guò)舉例來(lái)展開(kāi)全文。
8.A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的Instead of fearing them， we are supposed to find some new ways to deal with uncertainties.可知，下文有可能會(huì)討論怎樣處理不確定因素。
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇人物傳記。文章主要介紹了意大利著名數(shù)學(xué)家瑪麗亞的成功經(jīng)歷和她為別人做出的貢獻(xiàn)。
9.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句可知，她媽媽有21個(gè)孩子，所以她出生在一個(gè)大家庭。
10.B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的she was living proof of what she had argued at nine years old that women had a right to study science可推知，當(dāng)時(shí)是不允許女性學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)的。
11.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的Sometimes she would have trouble with a problem， but her mind went on working even in her sleep； she would sleepwalk to her study and back to bed.可知，她對(duì)工作執(zhí)著到睡覺(jué)時(shí)也會(huì)夢(mèng)游進(jìn)書房工作。
12.A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段后半部分的描述可知，她為別人做了很多事，說(shuō)明她不僅是一位偉大的數(shù)學(xué)家，還是一個(gè)心地善良的人。
Ⅱ.
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了提升自己的動(dòng)力的策略。
13.F　上文講述可以采用一些技巧自我激勵(lì)，下文講述要找到對(duì)自己最有幫助的，由此推斷策略不是對(duì)每個(gè)人都有效。F項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。
14.D　根據(jù)小標(biāo)題Act as if you feel motivated可知，本段講述要行動(dòng)起來(lái)，上文舉例說(shuō)明要行動(dòng)起來(lái)，因此推斷D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境，說(shuō)明行動(dòng)起來(lái)會(huì)激勵(lì)你努力，D項(xiàng)中的it指代上文提到的spring into action。
15.G　上文闡述沒(méi)有動(dòng)力的時(shí)候，會(huì)尋找很多的借口，因此推斷空處應(yīng)提出解決辦法。G項(xiàng)提出解決辦法，把注意力集中在能夠讓你成功的因素上，也就是積極的東西上，上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。
16.A　根據(jù)下文可知，本段建議友好地對(duì)待自己，這是一種更有效的動(dòng)力，因此A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。
17.C　根據(jù)下文可知，此處講述開(kāi)始的階段是最困難的，因此C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。
Ⅲ.
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了從事太極拳教學(xué)的西班牙人Jose Gago的事跡。
18.between　考查介詞。between ... and ...意為“……和……之間”，為固定搭配。故填between。
19.was founded　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in 1982可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；又因?yàn)橹髡Z(yǔ)是the first martial arts school，與found之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，故填was founded。
20.to further　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此句的謂語(yǔ)是did not make，空處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式；又因表示目的，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式，表示他來(lái)中國(guó)的目的是“進(jìn)修”。故填to further。
21.has travel（l）ed　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)上文的Since then和下文的over 20 times可知，該句的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；該句的主語(yǔ)為he，與travel是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且為第三人稱單數(shù)，故填has travel（l）ed。
22.simply　考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處應(yīng)用副詞作狀語(yǔ)。故填simply。
23.What　考查名詞性從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，what在從句中作主語(yǔ)，表示“最吸引他的是……”。故填What。
24.beginners　考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，for后應(yīng)用名詞作賓語(yǔ)，表示“初學(xué)者”，又因beginner是可數(shù)名詞，此處表示不止一個(gè)初學(xué)者，故填beginners。
25.ranging　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是has，空處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，又因range與students之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞-ing形式，故填ranging。
26.whom　考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，逗號(hào)后面為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞students，所以由many of whom來(lái)引導(dǎo)，whom作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)，指代students，故填whom。
27.cultural　考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞修飾名詞exchanges。故填cultural。
6 / 6Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
[1]We Regret① to Inform② You ...
　　“We regret to inform you ...” These are the words that every writer dreads③ receiving， but words every writer knows well.[2]The response④ from a publisher comes back and the writer eagerly opens and reads it， their hearts sinking when they reach that final sentence.You may have spent years giving⑤ up your weekends and free time to write your life’s work， yet still this is often not enough.Everyone knows that success rarely⑥ happens overnight， but perhaps not many know that a lot of highly successful writers have previously faced rejection⑦.
　　[1] [標(biāo)題賞析]作者把We regret to inform you ...作為本文的標(biāo)題和首句，把We are delighted to inform you ...作為結(jié)尾句，首句和尾句在句式結(jié)構(gòu)方面相同，只有些許差別，即regret和are delighted意義相悖，這也正是本文行文妙趣之處。首句和尾句之間，作者描述了三個(gè)典型的“失敗——堅(jiān)持——成功”的事例，證明了如何把We regret to inform you ...變?yōu)閃e are delighted to inform you ...。
　　[2]本句是and連接的并列句。在后一個(gè)分句中，their hearts sinking 是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。
　　Take for example⑧ J.K.Rowling.When she received her first rejection letter， she decided that it meant she now had something in common⑨ with her favourite writers， and stuck it on her kitchen wall.Rowling had spent years surviving on little money， spending all her time writing.When she finally finished her first book， she received comments from publishers along the lines of “too difficult for children”， “too long”， “Children would not be interested in it”.Nevertheless⑩， she persevered .“I wasn’t going to give up until every single publisher turned me down ， but I often feared that would happen，” she later posted.After a total of twelve rejections， one publisher eventually agreed to print 500 copies of her first book， and [3]as we know， Harry Potter became a global success， with over 400 million books sold and translated into more than seventy different languages.
　　[3]as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)。
　　All too often writers of great works have had to face criticism along with rejection.J.D.Salinger started writing short stories in high school， but later struggled to [4]get his works published.“We feel that we don’t know the central character well enough” was the criticism he received on his manuscript for The Catcher in the Rye.Despite rejections from several publishers， J.D.Salinger refused to give up.[5]Even when serving in the US Army during the Second World War， he carried six chapters of The Catcher in the Rye with him and worked on the novel throughout his war service.When it was eventually published， the book became an immediate best-seller and went on to sell millions and millions of copies.
　　[4]get his works published是“使役動(dòng)詞get＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)。his works是賓語(yǔ)；published是過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，his works與publish 之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。
　　[5]這是一個(gè)省略句，屬于時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的省略。其完整形式是when he was serving ...Second World War。因主句的主語(yǔ)和從句的主語(yǔ)一致且從句謂語(yǔ)中包含be動(dòng)詞的某種形式，故省略了從句的“主語(yǔ)＋be”部分。
　　Perhaps the overall prize for perseverance should go to three sisters from Victorian England who dreamt of seeing their words in print.This， however， was a time when women were not encouraged to become writers.As the then Poet Laureate， Robert Southey， wrote to one of them：“Literature cannot be the business of a woman’s life， and it ought not to be.” Nevertheless， the sisters didn’t stop trying .Their response was to write a book of poems under male names.Even when the book sold only two copies， the sisters still didn’t give up.They started writing novels， and today Charlotte Brontё’s Jane Eyre， Emily Brontё’s Wuthering Heights and Anne Brontё’s Agnes Grey are regarded as classics of world literature .In fact，[6] it is within the pages of Jane Eyre that we can find these words：“I honour endurance ， perseverance， industry， talent；because these are the means [7] by which men achieve great ends ...”
　　So， it seems that talent alone isn’t enough to guarantee success.While a lot of hard work and a touch of luck play a part， perseverance is the key.[8]Keep trying and eventually you will read the words “We are delighted to inform you ...”
　　[6]這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)within the pages of Jane Eyre。
　　[7] by which men achieve great ends是“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞means。之所以用介詞by是因?yàn)樵摻樵~與先行詞常構(gòu)成“by ...means”的慣用搭配。
　　[8]本句是“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”句型。其中祈使句相當(dāng)于一個(gè)if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，and之后的句子相當(dāng)于主句。
【讀文清障】
①regret v.感到遺憾；惋惜
regret to do 對(duì)要做的事感到遺憾（還未做）
regret doing 后悔做過(guò)……（已經(jīng)做完）
②inform v.通知，告知
inform sb of sth 告知某人某事
③dread v.畏懼，懼怕
④response n.回答，答復(fù)；回應(yīng)
respond v.回答，回應(yīng)，作出反應(yīng)
⑤spend some time （in） doing sth 花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事
spend some time on sth 在某事上花了一些時(shí)間
⑥r(nóng)arely adv.很少，難得
rare adj.罕見(jiàn)的，稀有的
⑦rejection n.拒絕，否決
reject vt.拒絕，抵制
⑧take for example sb/sth＝take sb/sth for example 以某人/某物為例；就拿某人/某物來(lái)說(shuō)吧
⑨have sth in common 有共同之處
have much/a lot in common 有很多共同之處
have little/nothing in common 沒(méi)有共同之處
⑩nevertheless adv.然而，不過(guò)
persevere v.鍥而不舍，堅(jiān)持不懈
perseverance n.毅力；韌性
turn down 拒絕
turn up 調(diào)大；到達(dá)，出現(xiàn)
Harry Potter 《哈利·波特》
criticism n.批評(píng)；指責(zé)
criticize v.批評(píng)；指責(zé)
start doing/to do sth 開(kāi)始做某事
struggle to do 努力做
struggle to one’s feet 掙扎著站起來(lái)
manuscript n.手稿，底稿
best-seller n.暢銷書；暢銷產(chǎn)品
go on to do sth 接著做另一件事
go on doing sth 繼續(xù)做（原來(lái)的）某事
three sisters from Victorian England 指英國(guó)十九世紀(jì)著名作家“勃朗特三姐妹”。
stop doing sth 停止正在做的事
stop to do sth 停下來(lái)做另一件事
classic n.名著；經(jīng)典作品
classical adj.古典的；傳統(tǒng)的
world literature 世界文學(xué)
within the pages of 在……書里
endurance n.（忍）耐力
endure v.忍耐，忍受
guarantee v.保證；確保
a touch of luck 一點(diǎn)運(yùn)氣
delighted adj.愉快的，高興的
be delighted to do sth 很高興地做某事
delight n.使人高興的事
delightful adj.令人愉快的，令人高興的
【參考譯文】
我們抱歉地通知您……
　　“我們抱歉地通知您……”這句話，對(duì)每個(gè)作家來(lái)說(shuō)，既可怕又熟悉。出版商給了回信，作家急切地拆開(kāi)來(lái)讀，但讀到這最后一句，心隨即跌落谷底。你可能已經(jīng)花費(fèi)數(shù)年，放棄了周末和空閑時(shí)間去創(chuàng)作你的畢生作品，但這往往還不夠。大家都明白，成功不是一朝一夕可以獲得的；但也許很多人都不知道，很多卓越的作家也都曾被拒稿。
　　以J.K.羅琳為例。當(dāng)她收到第一封拒稿信時(shí)，她決定把這看作是自己與喜愛(ài)的作家之間有了共同之處，并把這封信貼在廚房的墻上。羅琳過(guò)了很多年拮據(jù)的生活，她把所有時(shí)間都用來(lái)寫作。當(dāng)她終于完成第一本書時(shí)，出版商給出的評(píng)價(jià)卻是“對(duì)孩子來(lái)說(shuō)太難理解”“太長(zhǎng)”“孩子們不會(huì)感興趣”等等。盡管如此，她依然堅(jiān)持不懈。“我不會(huì)放棄的，除非所有的出版商都拒絕我。不過(guò)我常常擔(dān)心這真的會(huì)發(fā)生。”她后來(lái)說(shuō)。在收到12封拒稿信后，終于有家出版商同意將她的第一本書印刷500冊(cè)。我們都知道，《哈利·波特》后來(lái)在全球大獲成功，銷量超過(guò)4億冊(cè)，被翻譯成了70多種不同的語(yǔ)言。
　　在被回絕的同時(shí)還要遭受批評(píng)，這在那些寫出偉大作品的作家身上太普遍了。J.D.塞林格從高中時(shí)就開(kāi)始寫短篇小說(shuō)了，但之后他的作品卻難以發(fā)表。“我們覺(jué)得自己無(wú)法充分理解中心人物。”這是《麥田里的守望者》的手稿受到的批評(píng)。即使被多家出版商回絕，J.D.塞林格也從未放棄。甚至在二戰(zhàn)期間，他在美國(guó)陸軍服役時(shí)，還隨身攜帶了《麥田里的守望者》一書的六章內(nèi)容，繼續(xù)對(duì)小說(shuō)進(jìn)行修改。最終，這本書一經(jīng)出版，便立刻成為暢銷書，賣出了上千萬(wàn)冊(cè)。
　　也許，堅(jiān)持不懈的最高榮譽(yù)應(yīng)該頒給來(lái)自英國(guó)維多利亞時(shí)代的三姐妹。她們夢(mèng)想著看到自己的作品出版。然而，這是一個(gè)不鼓勵(lì)女性成為作家的時(shí)代。當(dāng)時(shí)的桂冠詩(shī)人，羅伯特·騷塞，在給她們其中一位的信中寫道：“文學(xué)不可能也不應(yīng)該成為女人的事業(yè)。”盡管如此，三姐妹并沒(méi)有放棄嘗試。她們的應(yīng)對(duì)方式是以男性名字為筆名寫了一本詩(shī)集。雖然這本詩(shī)集只賣出了兩冊(cè)，但她們還是沒(méi)有放棄，轉(zhuǎn)而開(kāi)始寫小說(shuō)。如今，夏洛蒂·勃朗特的《簡(jiǎn)·愛(ài)》、艾米莉·勃朗特的《呼嘯山莊》和安妮·勃朗特的《艾格妮絲·格雷》被認(rèn)為是世界文學(xué)的經(jīng)典之作。其實(shí)，這正印證了我們?cè)凇逗?jiǎn)·愛(ài)》中讀到的：“我崇尚忍耐、堅(jiān)毅、勤奮、天賦；因?yàn)橹挥幸揽窟@些，人們才能實(shí)現(xiàn)宏大的目標(biāo)……”
　　因此，僅靠天賦似乎不足以保證獲得成功。不懈的努力和一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)運(yùn)氣固然很重要，但堅(jiān)持不懈才是關(guān)鍵。堅(jiān)持下去，你終會(huì)收到這樣的回復(fù)：“我們高興地通知您……”
第一步：析架構(gòu)理清脈絡(luò)
Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
第二步：知細(xì)節(jié)明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.How did J.K.Rowling react when she received her first rejection？
A.She began to doubt her ability of writing.
B.She thought about the way to be out of the ordinary.
C.She was depressed at the comments from the publishers.
D.She gave up the first book and began to write another one.
2.What was the result of J.K.Rowling’s first book？
A.It was sold to a publisher.
B.It was thrown into the fire.
C.It became a global success.
D.It became a part of another book.
3.What did J.D.Salinger have in common with J.K.Rowling？
A.Neither of them got married.
B.Both of them were bilingual.
C.Both of them once suffered from poverty.
D.Both of them were filled with perseverance.
4.Why did the three sisters publish one of their books under male names？
A.Because that book was forbidden then.
B.Because a man’s book was more expensive.
C.Because they were not as famous as those men.
D.Because women were not encouraged to be writers at that time.
第三步：品語(yǔ)言妙筆生輝
1.Read the second paragraph carefully and find the sentence to describe J.K.Rowling’s eventual outcome.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.Read the third paragraph carefully and find the sentence to give an example to describe J.D.Salinger’s perseverance.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第四步：拓思維品質(zhì)提升
Discuss the following questions with your partner.
1.If you meet with difficulty in learning， what will you do？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.What do you think of the famous authors in the passage？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第五步：析難句表達(dá)升級(jí)
1.The response from a publisher comes back and the writer eagerly opens and reads it， their hearts sinking when they reach that final sentence.
句式分析 本句是and連接的并列句。their hearts sinking when they reach that final sentence是　　　　　　　結(jié)構(gòu)；when引導(dǎo)　　　　　　從句。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.Everyone knows that success rarely happens overnight， but perhaps not many know that a lot of highly successful writers have previously faced rejection.
句式分析 本句是but連接的　　　　。兩個(gè)分句中的that都引導(dǎo)　　　　從句。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.When she received her first rejection letter，she decided that it meant she now had something in common with her favourite writers， and stuck it on her kitchen wall.
句式分析 本句是復(fù)合句。When引導(dǎo)　　　　　　從句；she decided that it meant ...是主句；其中that引導(dǎo)　　　　從句。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.After a total of twelve rejections， one publisher eventually agreed to print 500 copies of her first book，and as we know，Harry Potter became a global success，with over 400 million books sold and translated into more than seventy different languages.
句式分析 本句是and連接的并列句。第二個(gè)分句中as we know是　　　　　　從句；with over 400 ...是　　　　　　。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅰ　核心詞匯集釋
inform v.通知，告知
【教材原句】　We regret to inform you ... 我們抱歉地通知您……
【用法】
（1）inform sb that ...　　通知某人……
inform sb of/about sth 通知某人某事
inform sb to do sth 通知某人做某事
keep sb informed of ...隨時(shí)向某人報(bào)告……，使某人隨時(shí)了解……
（2）information n. [U] 情報(bào)，消息，資料
【佳句】　We want to inform you that you must pay off all your debts by next Sunday.
我們想通知你，下周日之前你必須還清所有債務(wù)。
【點(diǎn)津】　常見(jiàn)的“動(dòng)詞＋sb＋of sth”結(jié)構(gòu)匯萃：
cure sb of sth 治愈某人的病；改掉某人的壞習(xí)慣
remind sb of sth 使某人想起某情況
rob sb of sth 搶劫某人某物
warn sb of sth 警告某人有某情況
accuse sb of sth 控告某人某事
convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事
【練透】　單句語(yǔ)法填空
①I’ve just been informed 　　　　　　　　（attend） an important conference， so I will arrange for my colleague Li Lei to pick you up.
②They made a promise that they would inform me 　　　　　　any progress they had made.
③The three prize-winning scientists mostly worked separately， although they exchanged 　　　　　　（inform） about their research.
④Now the Internet keeps us 　　　　　　（inform） of what is going on around the world at any time.
【寫美】　一句多譯
⑤有任何進(jìn)展我們都會(huì)隨時(shí)通知你。
→We will 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
→We will 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
response n.回答；響應(yīng)
【教材原句】　The response from a publisher comes back and the writer eagerly opens and reads it， their hearts sinking when they reach that final sentence.
出版商給了回信，作家急切地拆開(kāi)來(lái)讀，但讀到這最后一句，心隨即跌落谷底。
【用法】
（1）respond to　　對(duì)……作出回應(yīng)/反應(yīng)/答復(fù)
respond that ...　回答說(shuō)……
（2）response n. 回應(yīng)，回復(fù)
in response to 對(duì)……的答復(fù)/反應(yīng)
make a/no response to 對(duì)……作出回應(yīng)/不予回答
【佳句】　He was smiling and responding in pride， looking back at her as if to say，“You got that right.”
他微笑著，自豪地回應(yīng)，回頭看著她，好像在說(shuō)：“你說(shuō)得對(duì)。”（語(yǔ)言、動(dòng)作描寫）
【練透】　單句語(yǔ)法填空
①Don’t respond 　　　　　　　any e-mails requesting personal information， no matter how official they look.
②I’m writing in 　　　　　　（respond） to your advertisement for a temporary position as a writer.
【寫美】　補(bǔ)全句子
③I want to know why the teacher 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the student’s mistake.
我想知道老師為什么沒(méi)有對(duì)這個(gè)學(xué)生所犯的錯(cuò)誤作出反應(yīng)。
take for example ...（＝take ...for example）以……為例
【教材原句】　Take for example J.K.Rowling. 以J.K.羅琳為例。
【用法】
（1）give an example of　　　舉個(gè)例子說(shuō)明……
set an example to 給……樹(shù)立榜樣
follow one’s example 效仿某人的做法
（2）take notice of 注意到；留意
take advantage of 利用
take one’s time 慢慢來(lái)
take it easy 別緊張，放松點(diǎn)
【佳句】　Take Qian Xuesen for example.He left America and returned to China when his country needed him.
以錢學(xué)森為例。當(dāng)他的國(guó)家需要他的時(shí)候，他離開(kāi)了美國(guó)回到了中國(guó)。
【練透】　單句語(yǔ)法填空
①The only way to succeed is to take 　　　　　easy step by step， so don’t be so nervous.
②It’s very kind of you to take notice 　　　　our policy not to encourage people to use plastic bags.
③There is a lot of time left.You can take 　　　　　　（you） time.
【寫美】　補(bǔ)全句子
④To begin with， I’m crazy about robots and I want to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
首先，我對(duì)機(jī)器人很著迷，我想利用這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)更多地了解它們。
have sth in common （with sb/sth） （和某人或某物）有共同之處
【教材原句】　When she received her first rejection letter， she decided that it meant she now had something in common with her favourite writers， and stuck it on her kitchen wall.
當(dāng)她收到第一封拒稿信時(shí)，她決定把這看作是自己與喜愛(ài)的作家之間有了共同之處，并把這封信貼在廚房的墻上。
【用法】
have everything in common　一切都相同
have much/a lot in common 有很多共同之處
have not much/little/nothing in common沒(méi)有多少/（幾乎）沒(méi)有共同之處
in common 共有
in common with ... 與……相同
【佳句】　They are friends and have a lot in common， so they are willing to have a talk with each other.
他們是朋友，有很多共同點(diǎn)，所以他們?cè)敢饣ハ嘟徽劇?br/>【練透】　單句語(yǔ)法填空
①Britain， in common 　　　　　　many other industrialized countries， has experienced major changes over the last 100 years.
②Two entirely separate islands， or countries， might have different languages， and most likely have nothing 　　　　　　common.
【寫美】　翻譯句子
③如果我和我姑姑有什么共同之處的話， 那就是我們的微笑。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
turn down 拒絕；調(diào)小/低
【教材原句】　I wasn’t going to give up until every single publisher turned me down ...
我不會(huì)放棄的，除非所有的出版商都拒絕我……
【用法】
turn away 　　　拒絕……入內(nèi)；把……打發(fā)走
turn up 出現(xiàn)；露面；調(diào)大
turn out 證明是；結(jié)果是；趕走；生產(chǎn)
turn over 打翻；翻身；移交
【佳句】　 I can’t figure out why Tom turned down the job offer.After all， he has been out of work for a long time.
我不明白湯姆為什么拒絕了那份工作機(jī)會(huì)。畢竟，他已經(jīng)失業(yè)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。
【練透】　單句語(yǔ)法填空
①All the tables were taken up， so we were turned 　　　　　　from the restaurant.
②Don’t worry.I’m sure your missing glasses will turn 　　　　　　sooner or later.
③Everything went well and the plan we had been opposed to turned 　　　　　　to be a success.
④Yesterday the invitation to the party was turned 　　　　　　by Linda because she had another plan.
guarantee v.保證；確保 n.保修單；保證
【教材原句】　So， it seems that talent alone isn’t enough to guarantee success.
因此，僅靠天賦似乎不足以保證獲得成功。
【用法】
（1）guarantee to do sth　保證做某事
guarantee sb sth 保證某人某事
guarantee that ... 保證/確保……
be guaranteed to do sth 肯定會(huì)/必定會(huì)做某事
（2）under guarantee 在保修期內(nèi)
【佳句】　The very purpose of the CPC’s leadership of the people in developing people’s democracy is to guarantee and support their position as masters of the country.
中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人民發(fā)展人民民主就是要保證和支持人民當(dāng)家作主的地位。
【練透】　單句語(yǔ)法填空
①Due to a large number of e-mails we get， we cannot guarantee 　　　　　　　　（publish） every single message we receive.
②Your watch is still 　　　　　　guarantee.You can have it repaired free of charge.
③If you yell at him， he 　　　　　　　　（guarantee） to do the opposite of what you want.
【寫美】　一句多譯
④我能保證你會(huì)對(duì)結(jié)果很滿意。
→I 　　　　　　　　　　　　you will be satisfied with the result.（guarantee v.）
→I 　　　　　　　　　　　　you will be satisfied with the result.（guarantee n.）
delighted adj.愉快的，高興的
【教材原句】　We are delighted to inform you ...我們高興地通知您……
【用法】
（1）be delighted at/with/by 對(duì)……感到高興
be delighted to do sth 很高興做某事
（2）delight n. 高興；使人高興的事
vt. 使高興
to one’s delight 令某人高興的是
take delight in （doing） sth 以（做）某事為樂(lè)
with delight 高興地
（3）delightful adj. 令人愉快的
【佳句】　To my delight， the results of the test are excellent， and I got full marks.Next I will share my experience with you.
讓我高興的是，這次考試成績(jī)很好， 而且我得了滿分。接下來(lái)我會(huì)和你們分享我的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
【練透】　單句語(yǔ)法填空/補(bǔ)全句子
①We are delighted 　　　　　　the news that we are going to spend our summer vacation in Hainan.
②Only when you take great delight 　　　　　reading and begin reading good books will you taste the pleasure of reading.
③　　　　　　　　， I was chosen from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.
令我高興的是，我從幾百位申請(qǐng)者中被選出來(lái)參加開(kāi)幕式。
【寫美】　翻譯句子
④得知你最近一直在學(xué)中文，我非常高興。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅱ　重點(diǎn)句型解構(gòu)
句型公式：with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：with＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)
【教材原句】　...and as we know， Harry Potter became a global success， with over 400 million books sold and translated into more than seventy different languages.
……我們都知道，《哈利·波特》后來(lái)在全球大獲成功，銷量超過(guò)4億冊(cè)，被翻譯成了70多種不同的語(yǔ)言。
【用法】
句中with over 400 million books sold and translated into more than seventy different languages是with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作狀語(yǔ)； books與sell、translate是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以用動(dòng)詞-ed形式。另外，with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)還可用作定語(yǔ)。
with＋賓語(yǔ)＋
【品悟】　With the money held firmly in my hand， I stood as far away from my dad as possible.
我手里緊緊地握著錢，站在離父親盡可能遠(yuǎn)的地方。
【寫美】　微寫作
①桂林是中國(guó)最受歡迎的旅游目的地之一，整個(gè)城市傍水而建。（景點(diǎn)介紹）
Guilin is one of the most popular tourist destinations in China， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
②愿意選擇二胡社團(tuán)的學(xué)生最少，占10％，其他社團(tuán)占17％。（投稿）
The least students， accounting for 10％， are willing to choose Erhu Club， 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
③因?yàn)橄轮芤灰M(jìn)行英語(yǔ)測(cè)試，本周末我不能和你一起打籃球了。（道歉信）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I can’t play basketball with you this weekend.
句型公式：祈使句＋and＋陳述句
【教材原句】　Keep trying and eventually you will read the words “We are delighted to inform you ...”堅(jiān)持下去，你終會(huì)收到這樣的回復(fù)：“我們高興地通知您……”
【用法】
本句是“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”句型。其中祈使句相當(dāng)于一個(gè)if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句， and之后的句子相當(dāng)于主句。基本句型如下：
（1）祈使句＋and＋陳述句＝If ...＋主句
（2）祈使句＋or/or else/otherwise＋陳述句＝If（從句是祈使句的否定句） ...＋主句
【品悟】　Learn about the general history of the Tang Dynasty， and you’ll understand the Tang Poems better.
了解唐朝的歷史概況，那么你就會(huì)更好地理解唐詩(shī)。
【點(diǎn)津】　在“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”句型中，也可以用“名詞＋并列連詞and＋陳述句”表示。
【寫美】　微寫作
①學(xué)會(huì)對(duì)煩惱一笑置之，你就不太可能會(huì)抑郁。（建議信）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 you are less likely to get depressed.
②尊重他人，你就會(huì)贏得他人的尊重。（演講稿）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 respect from others.
③少壯不努力，老大徒傷悲。（演講稿）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
【文本透析·剖語(yǔ)篇】
第一步
1.rarely　2.rejection　3.twelve　4.criticism　5.are regarded　6.perseverance
第二步
1－4　BCDD
第三步
1.After a total of twelve rejections， one publisher eventually agreed to print 500 copies of her first book， and as we know， Harry Potter became a global success， with over 400 million books sold and translated into more than seventy different languages.
2.Even when serving in the US Army during the Second World War， he carried six chapters of The Catcher in the Rye with him and worked on the novel throughout his war service.
第四步
1.Success rarely happens overnight.I will honour endurance， perseverance， industry， talent， because these are the means by which men achieve great ends.
2.They are respectable because all of them stuck to their dreams and gained remarkable achievements.
第五步
1.獨(dú)立主格　時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)
出版商給了回信，作家急切地拆開(kāi)來(lái)讀，但讀到這最后一句，心隨即跌落谷底。
2.并列句　賓語(yǔ)
大家都明白，成功不是一朝一夕可以獲得的；但也許很多人都不知道，很多卓越的作家也都曾被拒稿。
3.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)　賓語(yǔ)
當(dāng)她收到第一封拒稿信時(shí)，她決定把這看作是自己與喜愛(ài)的作家之間有了共同之處，并把這封信貼在廚房的墻上。
4.非限制性定語(yǔ)　with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)
在收到12封拒稿信后，終于有家出版商同意將她的第一本書印刷500冊(cè)。我們都知道，《哈利·波特》后來(lái)在全球大獲成功，銷量超過(guò)4億冊(cè)，被翻譯成了70多種不同的語(yǔ)言。
【核心知識(shí)·巧突破】
核心詞匯集釋
1.①to attend　②of/about　③information　④informed
⑤inform you of/about any development； keep you informed of any development
2.①to　②response　③made no response to
3.①it　②of　③your　④take advantage of this opportunity to learn more about them
4.①with　②in　③If I have something in common with my aunt， that’s our smiles.
5.①away　②up　③out　④down
6.①to publish　②under　③is guaranteed　④can guarantee that； can give you a guarantee that
7.①at/with/by　②in　③To my delight　④I am more than delighted to know you have been learning Chinese recently.
重點(diǎn)句型解構(gòu)
1.①with the whole city built around water
②with other clubs making up 17％
③With an English test to take next Monday
2.①Learn to laugh off your worries， and
②Treat others with respect， and you will win
③Work hard while you are young， or you’ll regret.
10 / 11(共122張PPT)
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
1
篇章助解·釋疑難
目 錄
4
課時(shí)檢測(cè)·提能力
3
核心知識(shí)·巧突破
2
文本透析·剖語(yǔ)篇
篇章助解·釋疑難
力推課前預(yù)習(xí)
1
[1]We Regret① to Inform② You ...
　　“We regret to inform you ...” These are the words that every
writer dreads③ receiving， but words every writer knows well.[2]The
response④ from a publisher comes back and the writer eagerly opens
and reads it， their hearts sinking when they reach that final
sentence.You may have spent years giving⑤ up your weekends and free
time to write your life’s work， yet still this is often not
enough.Everyone knows that success rarely⑥ happens overnight， but
perhaps not many know that a lot of highly successful writers have
previously faced rejection⑦.
　　[1] [標(biāo)題賞析]作者把We regret to inform you ...作為本文的標(biāo)題
和首句，把We are delighted to inform you ...作為結(jié)尾句，首句和尾
句在句式結(jié)構(gòu)方面相同，只有些許差別，即regret和are delighted意義
相悖，這也正是本文行文妙趣之處。首句和尾句之間，作者描述了三
個(gè)典型的“失敗——堅(jiān)持——成功”的事例，證明了如何把We regret
to inform you ...變?yōu)閃e are delighted to inform you ...。
　　[2]本句是and連接的并列句。在后一個(gè)分句中，their hearts
sinking 是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。
【讀文清障】
①regret v.感到遺憾；惋惜
regret to do 對(duì)要做的事感到遺憾（還未做）
regret doing 后悔做過(guò)……（已經(jīng)做完）
②inform v.通知，告知
inform sb of sth 告知某人某事
③dread v.畏懼，懼怕
④response n.回答，答復(fù)；回應(yīng)
respond v.回答，回應(yīng)，作出反應(yīng)
⑤spend some time （in） doing sth 花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事
spend some time on sth 在某事上花了一些時(shí)間
⑥r(nóng)arely adv.很少，難得
rare adj.罕見(jiàn)的，稀有的
⑦rejection n.拒絕，否決
reject vt.拒絕，抵制
　　Take for example⑧ J. K. Rowling.When she received her first
rejection letter， she decided that it meant she now had something in
common⑨ with her favourite writers， and stuck it on her kitchen
wall.Rowling had spent years surviving on little money， spending all
her time writing.When she finally finished her first book， she
received comments from publishers along the lines of “too difficult for
children”， “too long”，
“Children would not be interested init”.Nevertheless⑩， she persevered .“I wasn’t going to give up until every single publisher turned me down ， but I often feared that would happen，” she later posted.After a total of twelve rejections， one publisher eventually agreed to print 500 copies of her first book， and [3]as we know， Harry Potter became a global success， with over 400 million books sold and translated into more than seventy different languages.
　[3]as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)。
⑧take for example sb/sth＝take sb/sth for example 以某人/某物為
例；就拿某人/某物來(lái)說(shuō)吧
⑨have sth in common 有共同之處
have much/a lot in common 有很多共同之處
have little/nothing in common 沒(méi)有共同之處
⑩nevertheless adv.然而，不過(guò)
persevere v.鍥而不舍，堅(jiān)持不懈
perseverance n.毅力；韌性
turn down 拒絕
turn up 調(diào)大；到達(dá)，出現(xiàn)
Harry Potter 《哈利·波特》
　　　All too often writers of great works have had to face criticism
along with rejection.J. D. Salinger started writing short stories in
high school， but later struggled to [4]get his works published.“We
feel that we don’t know the central character well enough” was the
criticism he received on his manuscript for The Catcher in the
Rye.Despite rejections from several publishers， J. D.
Salinger refused to give up.[5]Even when serving in the US Army
during the Second World War， he carried six chapters of The Catcher
in the Rye with him and worked on the novel throughout his war
service.When it was eventually published， the book became an
immediate best-seller and went on to sell millions and millions of
copies.
　　[4]get his works published是“使役動(dòng)詞get＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”
結(jié)構(gòu)。his works是賓語(yǔ)；published是過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，his
works與publish 之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。
　　[5]這是一個(gè)省略句，屬于時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的省略。其完整形式是
when he was serving ...Second World War。因主句的主語(yǔ)和從句的主
語(yǔ)一致且從句謂語(yǔ)中包含be動(dòng)詞的某種形式，故省略了從句的“主語(yǔ)
＋be”部分。
criticism n.批評(píng)；指責(zé)
criticize v.批評(píng)；指責(zé)
start doing/to do sth 開(kāi)始做某事
struggle to do 努力做
struggle to one’s feet 掙扎著站起來(lái)
manuscript n.手稿，底稿
best-seller n.暢銷書；暢銷產(chǎn)品
go on to do sth 接著做另一件事
go on doing sth 繼續(xù)做（原來(lái)的）某事
　　Perhaps the overall prize for perseverance should go to three
sisters from Victorian England who dreamt of seeing their words in
print.This， however， was a time when women were not encouraged
to become writers.As the then Poet Laureate， Robert Southey，
wrote to one of them：“Literature cannot be the business of a
woman’s life， and it ought not to be.” Nevertheless， the sisters
didn’t stop trying .Their response was to write a book of poems
under male names.Even when the book sold only two copies， the
sisters still didn’t give up.
They started writing novels， and today Charlotte Brontё’s Jane Eyre，
Emily Brontё’s Wuthering Heights and Anne Brontё’s Agnes Grey are
regarded as classics of world literature .In fact，[6] it is within the
pages of Jane Eyre that we can find these words：“I honour
endurance ， perseverance， industry， talent；because these are
the means [7] by which men achieve great ends ...”
　　So， it seems that talent alone isn’t enough to guarantee
success.While a lot of hard work and a touch of luck play a part，
perseverance is the key.[8]Keep trying and eventually you will read the
words “We are delighted to inform you ...”
　　[6]這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)within the pages of Jane
Eyre。
　　[7] by which men achieve great ends是“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的
定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞means。之所以用介詞by是因?yàn)樵摻樵~與先行
詞常構(gòu)成“by ...means”的慣用搭配。
　　[8]本句是“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”句型。其中祈使句相當(dāng)于一個(gè)
if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，and之后的句子相當(dāng)于主句。
three sisters from Victorian England 指英國(guó)十九世紀(jì)著名作家“勃
朗特三姐妹”。
stop doing sth 停止正在做的事
stop to do sth 停下來(lái)做另一件事
classic n.名著；經(jīng)典作品
classical adj.古典的；傳統(tǒng)的
world literature 世界文學(xué)
within the pages of 在……書里
endurance n.（忍）耐力
endure v.忍耐，忍受
guarantee v.保證；確保
a touch of luck 一點(diǎn)運(yùn)氣
delighted adj.愉快的，高興的
be delighted to do sth 很高興地做某事
delight n.使人高興的事
delightful adj.令人愉快的，令人高興的
【參考譯文】
我們抱歉地通知您……
　　“我們抱歉地通知您……”這句話，對(duì)每個(gè)作家來(lái)說(shuō)，既可怕又熟
悉。出版商給了回信，作家急切地拆開(kāi)來(lái)讀，但讀到這最后一句，心
隨即跌落谷底。你可能已經(jīng)花費(fèi)數(shù)年，放棄了周末和空閑時(shí)間去創(chuàng)作
你的畢生作品，但這往往還不夠。大家都明白，成功不是一朝一夕可
以獲得的；但也許很多人都不知道，很多卓越的作家也都曾被拒稿。
　　以J. K. 羅琳為例。當(dāng)她收到第一封拒稿信時(shí)，她決定把這看作
是自己與喜愛(ài)的作家之間有了共同之處，并把這封信貼在廚房的墻
上。羅琳過(guò)了很多年拮據(jù)的生活，她把所有時(shí)間都用來(lái)寫作。當(dāng)她終
于完成第一本書時(shí)，出版商給出的評(píng)價(jià)卻是“對(duì)孩子來(lái)說(shuō)太難理
解”“太長(zhǎng)”“孩子們不會(huì)感興趣”等等。盡管如此，她依然堅(jiān)持不懈。
“我不會(huì)放棄的，除非所有的出版商都拒絕我。不過(guò)我常常擔(dān)心這真
的會(huì)發(fā)生。”她后來(lái)說(shuō)。在收到12封拒稿信后，終于有家出版商同意
將她的第一本書印刷500冊(cè)。我們都知道，《哈利·波特》后來(lái)在全球
大獲成功，銷量超過(guò)4億冊(cè)，被翻譯成了70多種不同的語(yǔ)言。
　　在被回絕的同時(shí)還要遭受批評(píng)，這在那些寫出偉大作品的作家身
上太普遍了。J. D. 塞林格從高中時(shí)就開(kāi)始寫短篇小說(shuō)了，但之后他
的作品卻難以發(fā)表。“我們覺(jué)得自己無(wú)法充分理解中心人物。”這是
《麥田里的守望者》的手稿受到的批評(píng)。即使被多家出版商回絕，J.
D. 塞林格也從未放棄。甚至在二戰(zhàn)期間，他在美國(guó)陸軍服役時(shí)，還
隨身攜帶了《麥田里的守望者》一書的六章內(nèi)容，繼續(xù)對(duì)小說(shuō)進(jìn)行修
改。最終，這本書一經(jīng)出版，便立刻成為暢銷書，賣出了上千萬(wàn)冊(cè)。
　　也許，堅(jiān)持不懈的最高榮譽(yù)應(yīng)該頒給來(lái)自英國(guó)維多利亞時(shí)代的三
姐妹。她們夢(mèng)想著看到自己的作品出版。然而，這是一個(gè)不鼓勵(lì)女性
成為作家的時(shí)代。當(dāng)時(shí)的桂冠詩(shī)人，羅伯特·騷塞，在給她們其中一
位的信中寫道：“文學(xué)不可能也不應(yīng)該成為女人的事業(yè)。”盡管如此，
三姐妹并沒(méi)有放棄嘗試。她們的應(yīng)對(duì)方式是以男性名字為筆名寫了一
本詩(shī)集。雖然這本詩(shī)集只賣出了兩冊(cè)，但她們還是沒(méi)有放棄，轉(zhuǎn)而開(kāi)
始寫小說(shuō)。如今，夏洛蒂·勃朗特的《簡(jiǎn)·愛(ài)》、艾米莉·勃朗特的《呼
嘯山莊》和安妮·勃朗特的《艾格妮絲·格雷》被認(rèn)為是世界文學(xué)的經(jīng)
典之作。其實(shí)，這正印證了我們?cè)凇逗?jiǎn)·愛(ài)》中讀到的：“我崇尚忍
耐、堅(jiān)毅、勤奮、天賦；因?yàn)橹挥幸揽窟@些，人們才能實(shí)現(xiàn)宏大的目標(biāo)……”
　　因此，僅靠天賦似乎不足以保證獲得成功。不懈的努力和一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)
運(yùn)氣固然很重要，但堅(jiān)持不懈才是關(guān)鍵。堅(jiān)持下去，你終會(huì)收到這樣
的回復(fù)：“我們高興地通知您……”
文本透析·剖語(yǔ)篇
助力語(yǔ)篇理解
2
第一步：析架構(gòu)理清脈絡(luò)
Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
第二步：知細(xì)節(jié)明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1. How did J. K. Rowling react when she received her first rejection？
A. She began to doubt her ability of writing.
B. She thought about the way to be out of the ordinary.
C. She was depressed at the comments from the publishers.
D. She gave up the first book and began to write another one.
2. What was the result of J. K. Rowling’s first book？
A. It was sold to a publisher.
B. It was thrown into the fire.
C. It became a global success.
D. It became a part of another book.
3. What did J. D. Salinger have in common with J. K. Rowling？
A. Neither of them got married.
B. Both of them were bilingual.
C. Both of them once suffered from poverty.
D. Both of them were filled with perseverance.
4. Why did the three sisters publish one of their books under male
names？
A. Because that book was forbidden then.
B. Because a man’s book was more expensive.
C. Because they were not as famous as those men.
D. Because women were not encouraged to be writers at that time.
第三步：品語(yǔ)言妙筆生輝
1. Read the second paragraph carefully and find the sentence to
describe J. K. Rowling’s eventual outcome.




　After a total of twelve rejections， one publisher eventually
agreed to print 500 copies of her first book， and as we know，
Harry Potter became a global success， with over 400 million books
sold and translated into more than seventy different languages.　
2. Read the third paragraph carefully and find the sentence to give an
example to describe J. D. Salinger’s perseverance.



　Even when serving in the US Army during the Second World
War， he carried six chapters of The Catcher in the Rye with him
and worked on the novel throughout his war service.　
第四步：拓思維品質(zhì)提升
Discuss the following questions with your partner.
1. If you meet with difficulty in learning， what will you do？



2. What do you think of the famous authors in the passage？


　Success rarely happens overnight.I will honour endurance，
perseverance， industry， talent， because these are the means by
which men achieve great ends.　
　They are respectable because all of them stuck to their dreams
and gained remarkable achievements.　
第五步：析難句表達(dá)升級(jí)
1. The response from a publisher comes back and the writer eagerly
opens and reads it， their hearts sinking when they reach that final
sentence.
句式分析 本句是and連接的并列句。their hearts sinking when they
reach that final sentence是 結(jié)構(gòu)；when引導(dǎo)
從句。
自主翻譯

獨(dú)立主格　
時(shí)間狀
語(yǔ)　
出版商給了回信，作家急切地拆開(kāi)來(lái)讀，但讀到這最
后一句，心隨即跌落谷底。　
2. Everyone knows that success rarely happens overnight， but
perhaps not many know that a lot of highly successful writers have
previously faced rejection.
句式分析 本句是but連接的 。兩個(gè)分句中的that都引
導(dǎo) 從句。
自主翻譯

并列句　
賓語(yǔ)　
大家都明白，成功不是一朝一夕可以獲得的；但也許
很多人都不知道，很多卓越的作家也都曾被拒稿。　
3. When she received her first rejection letter，she decided that it
meant she now had something in common with her favourite
writers， and stuck it on her kitchen wall.
句式分析 本句是復(fù)合句。When引導(dǎo) 從句；she
decided that it meant ...是主句；其中that引導(dǎo) 從句。
自主翻譯

時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)　
賓語(yǔ)　
當(dāng)她收到第一封拒稿信時(shí)，她決定把這看作是自己與
喜愛(ài)的作家之間有了共同之處，并把這封信貼在廚房的墻上。　
4. After a total of twelve rejections， one publisher eventually agreed
to print 500 copies of her first book，and as we know，Harry Potter
became a global success，with over 400 million books sold and
translated into more than seventy different languages.
句式分析 本句是and連接的并列句。第二個(gè)分句中as we know
是 從句；with over 400 ...是 。
自主翻譯


非限制性定語(yǔ)　
with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)　
在收到12封拒稿信后，終于有家出版商同意將她的第
一本書印刷500冊(cè)。我們都知道，《哈利·波特》后來(lái)在全球大獲成
功，銷量超過(guò)4億冊(cè)，被翻譯成了70多種不同的語(yǔ)言。　
核心知識(shí)·巧突破
探究課堂重點(diǎn)
3
Part Ⅰ　核心詞匯集釋
inform v.通知，告知
【教材原句】　We regret to inform you ... 我們抱歉地通知您……
【用法】
（1）inform sb that ...　　通知某人……
inform sb of/about sth　　通知某人某事
inform sb to do sth　　通知某人做某事
keep sb informed of ...隨時(shí)向某人報(bào)告……，使某人隨時(shí)了解……
（2）information n.　　[U] 情報(bào)，消息，資料
【佳句】　We want to inform you that you must pay off all your debts
by next Sunday.
我們想通知你，下周日之前你必須還清所有債務(wù)。
【點(diǎn)津】　常見(jiàn)的“動(dòng)詞＋sb＋of sth”結(jié)構(gòu)匯萃：
cure sb of sth 治愈某人的病；改掉某人的壞習(xí)慣
remind sb of sth 使某人想起某情況
rob sb of sth 搶劫某人某物
warn sb of sth 警告某人有某情況
accuse sb of sth 控告某人某事
convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事
【練透】　單句語(yǔ)法填空
①I’ve just been informed （attend） an important
conference， so I will arrange for my colleague Li Lei to pick you up.
②They made a promise that they would inform me any
progress they had made.
③The three prize-winning scientists mostly worked separately，
although they exchanged （inform） about their
research.
④Now the Internet keeps us （inform） of what is
going on around the world at any time.
to attend　
of/about　
information　
informed　
【寫美】　一句多譯
⑤有任何進(jìn)展我們都會(huì)隨時(shí)通知你。
→We will .
→We will .
inform you of/about any development　
keep you informed of any development　
response n.回答；響應(yīng)
【教材原句】　The response from a publisher comes back and the
writer eagerly opens and reads it， their hearts sinking when they
reach that final sentence.
出版商給了回信，作家急切地拆開(kāi)來(lái)讀，但讀到這最后一句，心隨即
跌落谷底。
（1）respond to　　對(duì)……作出回應(yīng)/反應(yīng)/答復(fù)
respond that ...　回答說(shuō)……
（2）response n.　　回應(yīng)，回復(fù)
in response to　　對(duì)……的答復(fù)/反應(yīng)
make a/no response to　　對(duì)……作出回應(yīng)/不予回答
【用法】
【佳句】　He was smiling and responding in pride， looking back at
her as if to say，“You got that right.”
他微笑著，自豪地回應(yīng)，回頭看著她，好像在說(shuō)：“你說(shuō)得對(duì)。”（語(yǔ)
言、動(dòng)作描寫）
【練透】　單句語(yǔ)法填空
①Don’t respond any e-mails requesting personal
information， no matter how official they look.
②I’m writing in （respond） to your advertisement for
a temporary position as a writer.
【寫美】　補(bǔ)全句子
③I want to know why the teacher the
student’s mistake.
我想知道老師為什么沒(méi)有對(duì)這個(gè)學(xué)生所犯的錯(cuò)誤作出反應(yīng)。
to　
response　
made no response to　
take for example ...（＝take ...for example）以……為例
【教材原句】　Take for example J. K. Rowling. 以J. K. 羅琳為例。
【用法】
（1）give an example of　　　舉個(gè)例子說(shuō)明……
set an example to　　給……樹(shù)立榜樣
follow one’s example　　效仿某人的做法
（2）take notice of 　　注意到；留意
take advantage of 　　利用
take one’s time 　　慢慢來(lái)
take it easy 　　別緊張，放松點(diǎn)
【佳句】　Take Qian Xuesen for example.He left America and
returned to China when his country needed him.以錢學(xué)森為例。當(dāng)他
的國(guó)家需要他的時(shí)候，他離開(kāi)了美國(guó)回到了中國(guó)。
【練透】　單句語(yǔ)法填空
①The only way to succeed is to take easy step by step， so don’t
be so nervous.
②It’s very kind of you to take notice our policy not to
encourage people to use plastic bags.
③There is a lot of time left.You can take （you） time.
it　
of　
your　
【寫美】　補(bǔ)全句子
④To begin with， I’m crazy about robots and I want to
.
首先，我對(duì)機(jī)器人很著迷，我想利用這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)更多地了解它們。
take
advantage of this opportunity to learn more about them　
have sth in common （with sb/sth） （和某人或某物）有共同之處
【教材原句】　When she received her first rejection letter， she
decided that it meant she now had something in common with her
favourite writers， and stuck it on her kitchen wall.
當(dāng)她收到第一封拒稿信時(shí)，她決定把這看作是自己與喜愛(ài)的作家之間
有了共同之處，并把這封信貼在廚房的墻上。
have everything in common　一切都相同
have much/a lot in common　　有很多共同之處
have not much/little/nothing in common沒(méi)有多少/（幾乎）沒(méi)有共同
之處
in common　　共有
in common with ...　　與……相同
【用法】
【佳句】　They are friends and have a lot in common， so they are
willing to have a talk with each other.
他們是朋友，有很多共同點(diǎn)，所以他們?cè)敢饣ハ嘟徽劇?br/>【練透】　單句語(yǔ)法填空
①Britain， in common many other industrialized
countries， has experienced major changes over the last 100 years.
②Two entirely separate islands， or countries， might have different
languages， and most likely have nothing common.
with　
in　
【寫美】　翻譯句子
③如果我和我姑姑有什么共同之處的話， 那就是我們的微笑。

If I have something in common with my aunt， that’s our smiles.　
turn down 拒絕；調(diào)小/低
【教材原句】　I wasn’t going to give up until every single publisher
turned me down ...
我不會(huì)放棄的，除非所有的出版商都拒絕我……
【用法】
turn away 　　　拒絕……入內(nèi)；把……打發(fā)走
turn up 　　出現(xiàn)；露面；調(diào)大
turn out 　　證明是；結(jié)果是；趕走；生產(chǎn)
turn over 　　打翻；翻身；移交
【佳句】　 I can’t figure out why Tom turned down the job
offer.After all， he has been out of work for a long time.我不明白湯姆
為什么拒絕了那份工作機(jī)會(huì)。畢竟，他已經(jīng)失業(yè)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。
【練透】　單句語(yǔ)法填空
①All the tables were taken up， so we were turned from the
restaurant.
②Don’t worry.I’m sure your missing glasses will turn sooner
or later.
③Everything went well and the plan we had been opposed to
turned to be a success.
④Yesterday the invitation to the party was turned by Linda
because she had another plan.
away　
up　
out　
down　
guarantee v.保證；確保 n.保修單；保證
【教材原句】　So， it seems that talent alone isn’t enough to
guarantee success.因此，僅靠天賦似乎不足以保證獲得成功。
【用法】
（1）guarantee to do sth　保證做某事
guarantee sb sth 　　保證某人某事
guarantee that ...　　保證/確保……
be guaranteed to do sth 　　肯定會(huì)/必定會(huì)做某事
（2）under guarantee 　　在保修期內(nèi)
【佳句】　The very purpose of the CPC’s leadership of the people in
developing people’s democracy is to guarantee and support their
position as masters of the country.
中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人民發(fā)展人民民主就是要保證和支持人民當(dāng)家作主的
地位。
【練透】　單句語(yǔ)法填空
①Due to a large number of e-mails we get， we cannot guarantee
（publish） every single message we receive.
②Your watch is still guarantee.You can have it repaired
free of charge.
③If you yell at him， he （guarantee） to do the
opposite of what you want.
to
publish　
under　
is guaranteed　
【寫美】　一句多譯
④我能保證你會(huì)對(duì)結(jié)果很滿意。
→I you will be satisfied with the result.
（guarantee v.）
→I you will be satisfied with the
result.（guarantee n.）
can guarantee that　
can give you a guarantee that　
delighted adj.愉快的，高興的
【教材原句】　We are delighted to inform you ...我們高興地通知
您……
【用法】
（1）be delighted at/with/by 對(duì)……感到高興
be delighted to do sth　　很高興做某事
（2）delight n.　　高興；使人高興的事
vt.　　使高興
to one’s delight　　令某人高興的是
take delight in （doing） sth　　以（做）某事為樂(lè)
with delight 　　高興地
（3）delightful adj.　　令人愉快的
【佳句】　To my delight， the results of the test are excellent， and I
got full marks.Next I will share my experience with you.
讓我高興的是，這次考試成績(jī)很好， 而且我得了滿分。接下來(lái)我會(huì)
和你們分享我的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
【練透】　單句語(yǔ)法填空/補(bǔ)全句子
①We are delighted the news that we are going to spend
our summer vacation in Hainan.
②Only when you take great delight reading and begin reading
good books will you taste the pleasure of reading.
at/with/by　
in　
③ ， I was chosen from hundreds of applicants to
attend the opening ceremony.令我高興的是，我從幾百位申請(qǐng)者中被
選出來(lái)參加開(kāi)幕式。
【寫美】　翻譯句子
④得知你最近一直在學(xué)中文，我非常高興。


To my delight　
　I am more than delighted to know you have been learning Chinese
recently.　
Part Ⅱ　重點(diǎn)句型解構(gòu)
句型公式：with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：with＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)
【教材原句】　...and as we know， Harry Potter became a global
success， with over 400 million books sold and translated into more
than seventy different languages.
……我們都知道，《哈利·波特》后來(lái)在全球大獲成功，銷量超過(guò)4億
冊(cè)，被翻譯成了70多種不同的語(yǔ)言。
【用法】
我手里緊緊地握著錢，站在離父親盡可能遠(yuǎn)的地方。
【品悟】　With the money held firmly in my hand， I stood as far
away from my dad as possible.
【寫美】　微寫作
①桂林是中國(guó)最受歡迎的旅游目的地之一，整個(gè)城市傍水而建。（景
點(diǎn)介紹）
Guilin is one of the most popular tourist destinations in
China， .
②愿意選擇二胡社團(tuán)的學(xué)生最少，占10％，其他社團(tuán)占17％。
（投稿）
The least students， accounting for 10％， are willing to choose Erhu
Club， .
with the whole city built around water　
with other clubs making up 17％　
③因?yàn)橄轮芤灰M(jìn)行英語(yǔ)測(cè)試，本周末我不能和你一起打籃球了。
（道歉信）
， I can’t play
basketball with you this weekend.
With an English test to take next Monday　
句型公式：祈使句＋and＋陳述句
【教材原句】　Keep trying and eventually you will read the words
“We are delighted to inform you ...”
堅(jiān)持下去，你終會(huì)收到這樣的回復(fù)：“我們高興地通知您……”
【用法】
本句是“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”句型。其中祈使句相當(dāng)于一個(gè)if引導(dǎo)
的條件狀語(yǔ)從句， and之后的句子相當(dāng)于主句。基本句型如下：
（1）祈使句＋and＋陳述句＝If ...＋主句
（2）祈使句＋or/or else/otherwise＋陳述句＝If（從句是祈使句的否
定句） ...＋主句
【品悟】　Learn about the general history of the Tang Dynasty， and
you’ll understand the Tang Poems better.
了解唐朝的歷史概況，那么你就會(huì)更好地理解唐詩(shī)。
【點(diǎn)津】　在“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”句型中，也可以用“名詞＋并列
連詞and＋陳述句”表示。
【寫美】　微寫作
①學(xué)會(huì)對(duì)煩惱一笑置之，你就不太可能會(huì)抑郁。（建議信）
you are less likely to get
depressed.
Learn to laugh off your worries， and　
②尊重他人，你就會(huì)贏得他人的尊重。（演講稿）
respect from others.
③少壯不努力，老大徒傷悲。（演講稿）

Treat others with respect， and you will win　
Work hard while you are young， or you’ll regret.　
課時(shí)檢測(cè)·提能力
培育學(xué)科素養(yǎng)
4
維度一：品句填詞
1. He has been （通知） that he doesn’t qualify for the
scholarship because of his poor academic performance.
2. As the technology continues to develop at a fast （速
度）， however， questions arise about how to use it appropriately.
3. Whatever the （結(jié)果） of the war， there will be no
winners.
informed　
pace　
outcome　
4. If I do chance to find out where she is， I （保證）
to inform you immediately.
5. Their project got stuck. （然而）， Tu would not
acknowledge defeat.
6. His parents both died in the traffic accidents， leaving him a lot of
d .
7. Her proposal met with unanimous r .
8. As the composer grows older， he likes to reread the c
regularly.
guarantee　
Nevertheless　
ebts　
ejection　
lassics　
維度二：詞形轉(zhuǎn)換
1. （rare） does he go shopping， for his wife does all that
for the family.
2. You get a lot of （criticize）， but you just have to
carry on regardless.
3. His courage and （persevere） carried him
through the difficulties as well as sharpened his skills.
4. A range of green campaigns have been launched globally
in （respond） to the gravity of the climate crisis.
Rarely　
criticism　
perseverance　
response　
5. People are usually well （inform） of what is
happening due to the advanced media， such as television，
newspapers and the Internet.
6. Lily got full marks in answering the complicated problem， which
was a （delight） result.
7. He started writing as a side hustle （副業(yè)） and he faced a lot
of （reject） before getting his first book published.
informed　
delightful　
rejection　
維度三：固定搭配和句式
1. Be careful， or you’ll （弄傷手）.
2. I （20年沒(méi)有再工作
直到） Mr Mandela and the ANC came to power in 1994.
3. I came across my former English teacher
（當(dāng)我正在公園散步時(shí)）.
4. （看起來(lái)） cats and dogs can live in perfect
harmony in the same house.
5. （他們托著下巴）， they were
staring out of the window or up at the ceiling.
get/have your hands injured　
did not work again for twenty years until　
while I was walking in
the park　
It seems that　
With their chins on their hands　
維度四：課文語(yǔ)法填空
　　Actually， a lot of highly successful writers have 1.
（previous） faced rejection.Take 2. example J. K.
Rowling.After a total 3. twelve rejections， one publisher
eventually agreed to print 500 copies of her first book， 4. as
we know， Harry Potter became a global success.J. D. Salinger started
writing short stories in high school， but later struggled to get his
works
previously　
for　
of　
and　
5. （publish）.When The Catcher in the Rye was eventually
published， the book became an immediate best-seller and went on
6. （sell） millions and millions of copies.Perhaps the
overall prize for perseverance should go 7. three sisters from
Victorian England.They wrote a book of poems under male
names.Even when the book sold only two copies， the sisters still
didn’t give
published　
to sell　
to　
8. .Today Charlotte Brontё’s Jane Eyre， Emily Brontё’s Wuthering
Heights and Anne Brontё’s Agnes Grey 9. （regard）
as classics of world literature.So talent alone isn’t enough to guarantee
success.While a lot of hard work and a touch of luck play 10.
part， perseverance is the key.
up　
are regarded　
a　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　At 10：00 am on Friday， 25 May 2001， Erik Weihenmayer
summited Qomolangma， the world’s highest mountain.The 33-year-
old man and his team had been on the mountain for two months，
climbing up and down between the Base Camp at 17，600 feet and
higher Camps 1 and 3.This climbing helped them get used to the high
altitude.It also gave them time to carry supplies， such as tents， and
precious oxygen tanks to the higher camps.
　　After a final climb to Camp 4 at 26，000 feet， Erik’s team had
to wait two weeks through howling storms before trying to reach the
summit at 29，035 feet.Erik is tough， though， and he could deal
with the wait.Erik Weihenmayer is also blind.He is the first blind
person to reach the summit of Qomolangma.
　　Erik was born with a disease that causes blindness， and by age
13， he had completely lost his sight.Erik learned to treat his blindness
as an adventure.
　　The pain and suffering that climbers experience at high altitudes
is incredible.Lack of oxygen causes the lung to be strained and can
make the brain swell.Climbers can lose track of reality and may
wander off the side of the mountain or take off their oxygen tanks
without realizing it.The cold， harsh conditions do great harm to
climbers’ bodies.One advantage Erik has over sighted climbers is that
he is not affected by snow-blindness.The glare of the sun on snow
makes climbing more difficult for those who are used to being able to
see.
　　Despite all of this， Erik loves climbing.He enjoys the teamwork
and the bonding between climbers.His fellow climbers say that
describing what they see to Erik makes them appreciate the sights
more.They respect his abilities and consider Erik an equal member of
their team.
　　Erik’s eventual goal is to be the first blind person to climb the
highest peak on each of the seven continents.Although he takes his role
as a spokesperson for the blind seriously， he doesn’t climb just to
prove that blind people can do it.Erik Weihenmayer climbs because it
connects him with who he is and makes him feel alive.
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了盲人Erik
Weihenmayer在2001年5月25日星期五上午10點(diǎn)登上了世界最高峰—
—珠穆朗瑪峰，描述了他們?cè)谂实沁^(guò)程中遇到的困難，Erik和隊(duì)友
的關(guān)系以及Erik對(duì)登山的看法。
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了盲人Erik
Weihenmayer在2001年5月25日星期五上午10點(diǎn)登上了世界最高峰—
—珠穆朗瑪峰，描述了他們?cè)谂实沁^(guò)程中遇到的困難，Erik和隊(duì)友
的關(guān)系以及Erik對(duì)登山的看法。
1. What does the underlined word “summited” in the first paragraph
mean？
A. Came to. B. Took pictures of.
C. Caught sight of. D. Reached the top of.
解析：　詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中的He is the first blind person
to reach the summit of Qomolangma.以及畫線詞后的
Qomolangma， the world’s highest mountain可知，此處表示Erik
Weihenmayer登上了珠穆朗瑪峰的山頂。由此推測(cè)，畫線詞意為
“到達(dá)山頂，到達(dá)最高點(diǎn)”。
2. Which of the following is best supported by this passage？
A. Mountain climbing is difficult and dangerous.
B. Blind people can do anything that sighted people can do.
C. The pain and suffering that climbers experience at high altitudes is
well known.
D. Erik Weihenmayer regarded his blindness as a misfortune.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的The pain and
suffering ...harm to climbers’ bodies.可知，登山者會(huì)遇到缺氧、失
去意識(shí)、寒冷、雪盲等種種困難，人身安全受到嚴(yán)重威脅。由此可
推知，這篇文章最支持“登山既困難又危險(xiǎn)”的觀點(diǎn)。
3. The most helpful point to Erik in climbing high， difficult
mountains is 　　　　.
A. his acceptance of his blindness
B. his mental toughness
C. his not being affected by snow-blindness
D. his desire to enjoy life
解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的One advantage
Erik ...being able to see.可知，Erik不會(huì)受到雪盲癥的影響是他登山
的一種優(yōu)勢(shì)。由此可知，在攀登高難度山峰時(shí)，這是對(duì)Erik最有幫
助的一點(diǎn)。
4. Which of the following is the main idea of the passage？
A. Mountain climbers must be able to endure a lot of pain.
B. How Erik became an excellent mountain climber.
C. Erik Weihenmayer， though blind， is an excellent mountain
climber.
D. Erik Weihenmayer didn’t realize his ambitious target eventually.
解析：　主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了盲人Erik
Weihenmayer在2001年5月25日星期五上午10點(diǎn)登上了世界最高
峰——珠穆朗瑪峰，描述了他們?cè)谂实沁^(guò)程中遇到的困難，Erik和
隊(duì)友的關(guān)系以及Erik對(duì)登山的看法。
B
　　If you could see a movie of your life before you lived it， would
you want to live it？Probably not.The excitement of living is that you
don’t know what’s coming.
　　Sure， it’s hard to see the uncertainty （不確定性） in such a
positive light when you’re out of work， or when you feel like you’re
failing.But the uncertainty is really another word for the opportunity.
　　When Allison graduated from Harvard， she had opportunities
all over the place but had no idea what she wanted to do.She took a job
in consulting but she knew she wouldn’t stay there.She took the GRE
and scored so high that she was able to increase her income by
teaching students.Still， she didn’t think she wanted to go to graduate
school.Allison knew she wasn’t doing what she wanted， but she
didn’t know what she wanted.
　　She worried.All her friends were going to graduate school or
started their own business.She was lost and felt that she would never
find anything out.
　　After six years， many of her friends who went directly to
professional （職業(yè)的） school had crises when they graduated
because they weren’t sure if they had picked the right profession.And
Allison， by having a general plan in mind， got married， moved to
the Midwest， and used her consulting experience to get a great job.
　　Allison realized that her years spent being lost were actually just a
period during which she was finding her way：time well spent， and
time we must all take if we’re being honest with ourselves.
　　The only way to lead an interesting life is to face uncertainties and
make choices.Otherwise your life is not your own — it is a path
someone else has chosen.Moments of uncertainty are when you create
your life， when you become who you are.
　　Uncertainties usually begin with a job hunt， but they don’t end
there.Every new role we take on means another round of
uncertainty.Instead of fearing them， we are supposed to find some
new ways to deal with uncertainties.
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。文章旨在說(shuō)明生活中的不確定性對(duì)
我們來(lái)說(shuō)也是機(jī)遇。
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。文章旨在說(shuō)明生活中的不確定性對(duì)
我們來(lái)說(shuō)也是機(jī)遇。
5. What can be inferred from the first two paragraphs？
A. Being out of work is a sad thing.
B. The uncertainty is what makes life interesting.
C. Life in a film is more exciting than life in reality.
D. Opportunity never appears when we need it.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的The excitement of
living is that you don’t know what’s coming.可知，不確定性
讓生活變得有趣。
6. How did Allison feel about her six years’ experience？
A. Doubtful. B. Sad.
C. Regretful. D. Satisfied.
解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的Allison realized that
her years spent being lost were actually just a period during which
she was finding her way ...可知，Allison對(duì)自己過(guò)去幾年的經(jīng)歷是滿
意的。
7. In which way does the author develop the passage？A. Giving
definitions.
B. Giving examples.
C. Deciding the changes in space order.
D. Making comparisons.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三至六段描述可知，本文列舉了
Allison的例子來(lái)論證觀點(diǎn)，因此，作者通過(guò)舉例來(lái)展開(kāi)全文。
8. What is most likely to be discussed in the following paragraph？
A. Ways to deal with uncertainties.
B. The role the uncertainty plays in life.
C. The reason why people fear uncertainties.
D. The one is to blame for uncertainties.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的Instead of fearing
them， we are supposed to find some new ways to deal with
uncertainties.可知，下文有可能會(huì)討論怎樣處理不確定因素。
C
　　Maria （1718－1799） was a famous Italian mathematician.She
was described in a book as follows：“Maria was a child prodigy （神
童），but was also shy.”
　　She stayed at home，teaching the younger children and following
her own study.When her mother died after giving birth to twenty-one
children，Maria took over the running of the household.At the age of
twenty she started a ten-year project，a book bringing together the
work on calculus （微積分學(xué)） of Leibnitz and Newton titled Analytic
Institutions.Sometimes she would have trouble with a problem，but
her mind went on working even in her sleep；she would sleepwalk to
her study and back to bed.In the morning，she would find the answer
to the problem waiting on her desk.Her book made her famous；
she was living proof of what she had argued at nine years old that
women had a right to study science.But Maria had other interests in
her life apart from mathematics.She had always worked with the poor
people in her area，and she had asked her father for separate rooms
and turned them into a private hospital.She worked at the hospital
（and another） until she died at the age of eighty-one.Maria wrote an
important book on mathematics，as well as another unpublished
book.She ran a household of over twenty people， and she worked for
people who had not had her luck and opportunities.Each one of these
things was remarkable，but she did them all.
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇人物傳記。文章主要介紹了意大利著名數(shù)學(xué)
家瑪麗亞的成功經(jīng)歷和她為別人做出的貢獻(xiàn)。
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇人物傳記。文章主要介紹了意大利著名數(shù)學(xué)
家瑪麗亞的成功經(jīng)歷和她為別人做出的貢獻(xiàn)。
9. What can we know from the text？
A. Maria was a maths teacher when she was young.
B. Maria lived a rich life in her childhood.
C. Maria was born into a large family.
D. Maria was too shy to teach others.
解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句可知，她媽媽有21個(gè)孩
子，所以她出生在一個(gè)大家庭。
10. What can be inferred from the text？
A. There were some good schools for children when Maria was young.
B. Women were not allowed to study science when Maria was a little
girl.
C. Women had equal rights to learn anything as boys did.
D. Maria had the ability to make enough money to bring up her
brothers and sisters when her mother died.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的she was living proof of
what she had argued at nine years old that women had a right to
study science可推知，當(dāng)時(shí)是不允許女性學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)的。
11. According to the text，Maria was so devoted to maths that
she 　　　　.
A. forgot everything when she was studying
B. spent over ten years writing her most famous book
C. never slept while doing researches
D. would go on with her study in her dream
解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的Sometimes she would
have trouble with a problem， but her mind went on working even
in her sleep； she would sleepwalk to her study and back to bed.可
知，她對(duì)工作執(zhí)著到睡覺(jué)時(shí)也會(huì)夢(mèng)游進(jìn)書房工作。
12. We know from the text that Maria was also a 　　　　 woman.
A. kind-hearted B. beautiful
C. well-born D. rich
解析：　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段后半部分的描述可知，她為
別人做了很多事，說(shuō)明她不僅是一位偉大的數(shù)學(xué)家，還是一個(gè)心
地善良的人。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　A lack of motivation can be the biggest barrier to reaching your
goals.When you have no motivation to complete a task or even start
one， consider adopting the following techniques to develop a plan for
self-motivation. 　13　.You can make attempts at them to see which
one best helps you.
　　　Act as if you feel motivated
　If you’re struggling with motivation， try changing your behavior
to trick yourself into feeling more motivated.For example， instead of
lying on the couch in your pajamas all day， get dressed and spring
into action. 　14　.
　　
　Argue the opposite
　When you’re feeling unmotivated， you tend to come up with a
long list of excuses for not taking any action.You might think， “It’ll
be too hard，” or “I’ll never get it done anyway.” These thoughts can
keep you stuck and block your progress. 　15　.This can help you shift
your mindset and remind you that achieving your goal is possible.
　
　　　 　16　
You might believe that being tough on yourself is the way to
motivate yourself.But severe self-criticism doesn’t work.Research
suggests that treating yourself with warmth and understanding is a
more effective motivator， especially in times of difficulty.So rather
than beat yourself up for mistakes， create a gentle inner dialogue.
　　
　　Follow the 10-minute rule
　17　.But once you’ve taken that first step， it becomes much
easier to keep going.If you’re feeling hesitant about beginning a task，
try using the 10-minute rule.Allow yourself to quit after just 10
minutes if you need to.When you reach the 10-minute mark， you’ll
probably find that you have enough motivation to continue.
A. Practice self-kindness
B. Having a sense of rules is very important
C. Getting started on a task is usually the hardest part
D. You may find that it will stimulate you to make efforts
E. Learning to challenge them can help you move forward
F. Keep in mind that not every strategy works for everyone
G. Instead， focus on the factors that could lead to your success
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了提升自己的動(dòng)力的
策略。
13. F　上文講述可以采用一些技巧自我激勵(lì)，下文講述要找到對(duì)自己
最有幫助的，由此推斷策略不是對(duì)每個(gè)人都有效。F項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。
14. D　根據(jù)小標(biāo)題Act as if you feel motivated可知，本段講述要行動(dòng)
起來(lái)，上文舉例說(shuō)明要行動(dòng)起來(lái)，因此推斷D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境，說(shuō)明行動(dòng)
起來(lái)會(huì)激勵(lì)你努力，D項(xiàng)中的it指代上文提到的spring into action。
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了提升自己的動(dòng)力的
策略。
15. G　上文闡述沒(méi)有動(dòng)力的時(shí)候，會(huì)尋找很多的借口，因此推斷空
處應(yīng)提出解決辦法。G項(xiàng)提出解決辦法，把注意力集中在能夠讓你成
功的因素上，也就是積極的東西上，上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。
16. A　根據(jù)下文可知，本段建議友好地對(duì)待自己，這是一種更有效的
動(dòng)力，因此A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。
17. C　根據(jù)下文可知，此處講述開(kāi)始的階段是最困難的，因此C項(xiàng)符
合語(yǔ)境。
Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空
　　“There is a long long story 　18　 Tai Chi and me，” says Jose
Gago， a Spanish man who has taught Tai Chi in his hometown for
almost 36 years.
　　Although the first martial arts school 　19　 （found） in 1982 in
Ourense， Spain， Jose did not make the trip to China until
1994 　20　 （further） his study of Tai Chi.Since then， he 　21　
（travel） to China over 20 times.For Jose， Tai Chi is not 　22　
（simple） a sport. 　23　 attracts him most is the Taoist philosophy
rooted in Tai Chi， of which the main elements consist in the
principles of “softness， slowness， balance and rootedness”.
　　His martial arts school， which provides introductory programs
for 　24　 （begin）， has approximately 150 students， 　25　
（range） from children under the age of 5 to senior citizens over
70.He has trained thousands of students in Spain， many of 　26　
have won awards in a number of tournaments.
　　Jose’s hometown has hosted a number of free Tai Chi community
classes and Tai Chi is acting as an important bridge for 　27　
（culture） exchanges.
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了從事太極拳教學(xué)的西班
牙人Jose Gago的事跡。
18. between　考查介詞。between ... and ...意為“……和……之間”，
為固定搭配。故填between。
19. was founded　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)
in 1982可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；又因?yàn)橹髡Z(yǔ)是the first martial
arts school，與found之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，故填
was founded。
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了從事太極拳教學(xué)的西班
牙人Jose Gago的事跡。
20. to further　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此句的謂語(yǔ)是did not make，空處
應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式；又因表示目的，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式，表示他來(lái)中
國(guó)的目的是“進(jìn)修”。故填to further。
21. has travel（l）ed　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)上文的
Since then和下文的over 20 times可知，該句的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；
該句的主語(yǔ)為he，與travel是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且為第三人稱單數(shù)，故填has
travel（l）ed。
22. simply　考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處應(yīng)用副詞作狀
語(yǔ)。故填simply。
23. What　考查名詞性從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為what引導(dǎo)的
主語(yǔ)從句，what在從句中作主語(yǔ)，表示“最吸引他的是……”。故填
What。
24. beginners　考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，for后應(yīng)用名詞作
賓語(yǔ)，表示“初學(xué)者”，又因beginner是可數(shù)名詞，此處表示不止一個(gè)
初學(xué)者，故填beginners。
25. ranging　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是has，空處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)
詞，又因range與students之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞-ing形
式，故填ranging。
26. whom　考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，逗號(hào)后面為非限制性
定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞students，所以由many of whom來(lái)引導(dǎo)，
whom作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)，指代students，故填whom。
27. cultural　考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞修
飾名詞exchanges。故填cultural。
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