資源簡介

Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
維度一：品句填詞
1.Respecting others is a 　　　　　　（美德） and being respected is a great pleasure.
2.It was 　　　　　　（自私的） of Mary to ask you to pick her up at the airport when you were sick.
3.The application of intelligent robots in libraries makes the job of 　　　　　　（圖書館管理員） easier and easier.
4.Undoubtedly， it is not 　　　　　　（合法的） for restaurants to hire teenagers under 16 years old in China.
5.Last year I passed the driving test and got a driving 　　　　　　（執照）.
6.The two women used some blankets to cover the injured， while others were waiting for the 　　　　　　　　　（救護車） to arrive.
7.Mr White’s short-term aim is to make more money and pay off the home 　　　　　　　（貸款） as soon as possible.
8.Having turned 18， I feel I’m m　　　　　　 enough to be independent of my parents.
9.Costs should be kept to a m　　　　　　， but the quality must be guaranteed.
10.Nowadays few people are able to maintain friendships into a　　　　　　.
維度二：詞形轉換
1.The company’s 　　　　　　（commit） to providing quality at a reasonable price has been vital to its success.
2.Being the world’s first astronaut， Gagarin 　　　　　　　　（instant） became an international celebrity.
3.Helen is not 　　　　　　（suit）for being the monitor because she is not very popular with her classmates.
4.Many contestants are evaluated by the 　　　　（approve） they get through online voting， ignoring their true quality.
5.It’s 　　　　　　（legal） to hunt and kill rare animals.
6.We are 　　　　　　（gradual） changing over to a completely metric system.
7.During his 　　　　　　（elect） campaign he promised to put the economy back on its feet.
8.The economy of China has developed 　　　　　（steady） in recent years.
維度三：固定搭配和句式
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （每天早上鍛煉） helps make us healthy.
2.She doesn’t consider that I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（在這件事上有發言權）.
3.　　　　　　 （無疑地） Lisa is a top student， and she has set a good example for the others in our class.
4.As an adult， you should 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（為……負責） what you have done.
5.My mother was very angry yesterday 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（好像我犯了一個大錯誤）.
6.Plenty of students do not like 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（父母對他們說話的方式）.
維度四：課文語法填空
　　In most countries， turning 18 1.　　　　 （mark） the start of adulthood.In this passage， three young people tell us 2.　　　　 turning 18 means， or meant， to them.
　　16-year-old girl Bethany says turning 18 means she is old enough 3.　　　　 （vote） in the election and have a say on how the government spends the taxes.Though Bethany’s mum， an ambulance driver， worries about her 4.　　　　 （be） behind the wheel， Bethany thinks she can take 5.　　　　 （responsible） for her life and the lives of other people.
Lin Ning， 19-year-old from Shanghai in China， celebrated his 18th birthday just before he 6.　　　　　　　 （go） to university.He expected to feel 7.　　　　 （instant） different， but it wasn’t like that.In fact， the change has been more gradual and subtle than he imagined.Instead of being the selfish teenager he used to be， he has begun to feel more aware 8.　　　　 other people and to develop a stronger sense of social responsibility.
Morgan， 20-year-old from Florida in the US， used to believe he should become 9.　　　　 （independence） at the age of 18， but the reality for him has been very different.Because he contributes to the household bills and his commute to work is quite expensive， he finds 10.　　　　 hard to save any money.
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　Some of my earliest memories involve sitting with my dad in his study every night when he came home from the office. I’d watch as he put his personal items away： his watch， wallet， comb and car keys. They would always occupy the same spot on the table every time.
　　Dad’s comb was jade green.I heard he bought it when he married Mum.Every night， he would smile， hand me the comb and say， “Be a good girl and help Daddy clean it， OK？”
　　I was more than happy to do it.At age five， this kind of task brought me such joy.I would excitedly turn the tap on， and then brush the comb with a used toothbrush as hard as I could.Satisfied that I’d done a good job， I would proudly return the comb to Dad.He would smile at me， and place the comb on top of his wallet.
　　About two years later， Dad left his sales job and started his own wholesale business.I started primary school.That was when things started to change.Dad’s business wasn’t doing so well， and our stable lives started getting shaky.He didn’t come home as much as he used to.And when he did come home， it was always late and I’d already be in bed.I started to get mad.Why didn’t he listen to Mum and just stick to his old job？ Why did he take the risk and place the whole family in trouble？ Over the years， I stopped waiting for him to come home， and stopped going downstairs to check on him.
　　Now 28， I’ve graduated from college and got a job.Dad’s business has also started to get back on track.Yet the uncomfortable silence between Dad and me went on.
　　Two days before my birthday last year， Dad came home early.On that evening， I helped him carry his bags into his study as usual.When I turned to leave， he asked me to clean his comb.I looked at him for a while， then took the comb and headed to the sink.
　　It was the same comb.After cleaning it， I passed it back to Dad.He looked at it and smiled.But this time， I noticed something different.My dad had aged.He had wrinkles next to his eyes when he smiled， yet his smile was still as heart-warming as before.
1.What can we learn from the first three paragraphs？
A.The author would study with Dad every evening.
B.The precious green comb of Dad was made of jade.
C.The earliest memories with Dad were full of joy.
D.The author was unwilling to clean the comb for Dad.
2.What probably made Dad decide to start his own business？
A.He was eager to get everything on track.
B.He wanted to keep his family life stable.
C.He was laid off and had to make a living.
D.He hoped to earn a better life for the family.
3.What emotional changes did the author experience when staying with Dad these years？
A.Cheerful→mad→warm.
B.Mad→satisfied→warm.
C.Satisfied→worried→angry.
D.Warm→concerned→uncomfortable.
4.Which could be the best title for the text？
A.My Dad’s Comb
B.Dad’s Wholesale Business
C.Changes of My Dad
D.My Earliest Memories with Dad
B
　　In a new study of more than 50，000 Korean adolescents， those who used a smartphone for more than 4 hours per day had higher rates of adverse mental health and substance use.Jin Hwa Moon and Jong Ho Cha of Hanyang University Medical Center， Korea， and colleagues presented these findings in the open-access journal PLOS ONE on 6 December 2023.
　　Previous research has shown that smartphone use among adolescents has increased in recent years， and that this usage may be associated with higher risk of adverse health， such as psychiatric disorders （精神紊亂）， sleep issues， and eye-related problems.
　　However， growing evidence suggests that at least some daily Internet usage may be associated with better physical and mental health for adolescents.
　　To deepen understanding of the relationship between adolescents’ use of smartphones and health， Moon， Cha and colleagues analyzed data on more than 50，000 adolescent participants in 2017 and in 2020.The data included the approximate number of daily hours each participant spent on a smartphone as well as various health measures.
　　The researchers found that in 2020， the percentage of adolescents in the study who used a smartphone more than 2 hours per day was 85.7 percent — up from 64.3 percent in 2017.Adolescents who used a smartphone for more than 4 hours per day had higher rates of stress， thoughts of suicide， and substance use than those with usage below 4 hours per day.However， adolescents that used a smartphone 1－2 hours per day encountered fewer problems than adolescents who did not use a smartphone at all.
　　The authors note that this study does not confirm a causal relationship between smartphone use and adverse health outcomes.However， the findings could help inform usage guidelines for adolescents — especially if daily usage continues to rise.
5.What does the underlined word “adverse” in Paragraph 1 probably mean？
A.Related.　　　　　　 B.Negative.
C.Favorable. D.Positive.
6.What can be inferred about the results of the new study？
A.Smartphone use is harmful to teenagers.
B.A growing number of teenagers use smartphones.
C.A proper amount of smartphone use is beneficial.
D.The more use of smartphones， the higher risks of mental health.
7.How did researchers carry out the study？
A.By comparing different studies.
B.By studying adolescents’ health.
C.By analyzing previous information.
D.By collecting data from participants.
8.What would be the best title for the text？
A.Smartphone Use Among Teenagers On the Rise
B.Smartphone Use Accounting for Poor Mental Health
C.Right Smartphone Use Leading to Fewer Problems in Teenagers
D.Overuse of Smartphones Linked to Mental Health Risks in Teenagers
C
　　Does a happy person live longer？ Many studies have convinced us that happiness brings good health， which has resulted in an increasing demand for speakers and products encouraging positive thinking.However， being happy does not promise that one is going to be healthy.There are other factors that influence one’s health and long life such as a person’s genes or even a person’s socio-economic condition.
　　Some research even suggests that positive thinking can be dangerous.Positive thinking， when taken to the extreme， can cause a person to be separated from reality.For example， a person who thinks that staying happy and positive can help him recover from an illness like cancer but later fails to recover from it， may blame himself for not being happy.In this case， positive thinking may potentially make the victim disregard other factors.Sometimes the pursuit of happiness is even associated with serious mental health problems such as depression.
　　All types of happiness are not good for us either.For example， pride， a pleasant feeling， can sometimes rob us of the ability to empathize with others or understand another’s viewpoint.This anti-social behavior can cause people around us to turn away from us， and this could， in turn， make us feel lonely and do harm to our mental and even physical health.
　　Moreover， unpleasant feelings can be beneficial to a person’s well-being.Researchers believe that unpleasant feelings can help us make sense of our challenges and experiences in a way that supports psychological well-being.For example， if I have behaved badly towards my good friend， the feelings of guilt and sadness might motivate me to apologize and ask for forgiveness.The rebuilding of a broken relationship can be a lift to one’s mental well-being.
　　In trying to experience happiness， we should remember that seeking for happiness as an end in itself can be self-defeating， and does not necessarily lead to better health.After all， one will surely experience setbacks and conflicts in life.Instead， learning to cope with negative emotions with a realistic positive attitude is key to a person’s good health.
9.What’s the writer’s opinion in this passage？
A.Negative thinking can be dangerous.
B.Staying happy can bring good health.
C.Unpleasant feelings cannot be beneficial.
D.Happiness cannot ensure one’s good health.
10.When can positive thinking be dangerous according to the passage？
A.When we use it with a realistic attitude to solve problems.
B.When we focus on it as an only determinant of happy life.
C.When we think it one of the necessary factors for good health.
D.When we realize it may rob us of the ability to understand others.
11.How can unpleasant feelings be beneficial to a person’s well-being？
A.They rebuild a broken relationship.
B.They lead to self-reflection and personal growth.
C.They help keep the problems and challenges away.
D.They prevent long-term negative effects on mental health.
12.Which of the following has the similar meaning of “an end in itself” underlined in the last paragraph？
A.An ultimate goal. B.An individual plan.
C.A final decision. D.A great start.
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　Living with young adults is different from living with the children they once were.　13　.The rules make your entire household run well.Here are four most important rules to establish to help you and your teens get comfortable.
　　Ask for rent or help with bills
　　Get them to pay the cost of living if they have an income.This lets them contribute to the household while also saving up.But this is also an opportunity to train them for a more independent life， where bills are a reality.Make it clear that this isn’t a free ride.Don’t forget things like electric or water bills.　14　.
　　Discuss food arrangements
　　Tell them how much you’re willing to feed or cook for them.When they are living alone， they’ll have to feed themselves.Will they buy their own groceries？ Will they cook their own meals？ 　15　.Ask them to prepare those meals for the household 2－3 nights a week.
　　Assign housework
　　　16　.List all the tasks and choose 4－5 to assign to your teens.Or， prepare them for independent life by letting them handle all their own daily work： they wash their own clothes， clean their own living space， etc.Create a schedule for when they ought to be completed.
　　　17　
　　Let them know that they can’t hang around the house all day.It’s time for them to contribute to the household， and that means finding jobs， or studying to help them find work later.Suggest that they get an entry-level， part-time job.If you’re able， offer to help them pay for school.
A.You’ll need to set some basic rules
B.Order your young adults to go to college
C.Teach your teens to cook some basic meals
D.Encourage them to find work or get education
E.If necessary， have your teens pay their own part
F.You are providing for them as they live under your roof
G.Prepare your teens for the work involved in running a household
13.　　　　　　 14.　　　　　　 15.　　　　
16.　　　 17.　　　
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
基礎知識自測
維度一
1.virtue　2.selfish　3.librarians　4.legal　5.licence
6.ambulance　7.loan　8.mature　9.minimum　10.adulthood
維度二
1.commitment　2.instantly　3.suitable　4.approval
5.illegal　6.gradually　7.election　8.steadily
維度三
1.Taking exercise every morning
2.have a say on the matter　3.No doubt
4.take responsibility for　5.as if I had made a big mistake
6.the way （that/in which） their parents talk to them
維度四
1.marks　2.what　3.to vote　4.being　5.responsibility　6.went　7.instantly　8.of　9.more independent　10.it
素養能力提升
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章以一把梳子為線索，講述了作者小時候喜歡在晚上給父親清理梳子，后來爸爸為了讓家庭生活變得更好，辭職創業，和作者的關系也疏遠了。作者長大找到了一份工作后最終理解了父親。
1.C　細節理解題。根據前三段內容尤其是第三段中的I was more than happy to do it.At age five， this kind of task brought me such joy.可知，作者小時候與父親的相處是非常愉快的。
2.D　細節理解題。根據第四段中的Dad’s business wasn’t doing so well， and our stable lives started getting shaky.可知，作者一家之前的生活是穩定的，后來爸爸為了讓家庭生活變得更好，因此辭職創業。
3.A　推理判斷題。根據第三段中的I was more than happy to do it.和第四段中的I started to get mad.以及最后一段中的yet his smile was still as heart-warming as before可推知，作者這些年和爸爸在一起的情感變化是“快樂→生氣→溫暖”。
4.C　標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文以一把梳子為線索，講述了作者小時候喜歡在晚上給父親清理梳子，后來爸爸為了讓家庭生活變得更好，辭職創業，和作者的關系也疏遠了。作者長大找到了一份工作后最終理解了父親。因此C項（父親的變化）為本文最佳標題。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。一項針對5萬多名韓國青少年的新研究中，那些每天使用智能手機超過4小時的人有更高的不良心理健康和物質使用率。
5.B　詞義猜測題。根據倒數第二段中的Adolescents who used a smartphone ...than those with usage below 4 hours per day.可知，畫線詞所在句子表示“那些每天使用智能手機超過4小時的人有更高的不良心理健康和物質使用率”。畫線詞adverse和negative意思相近。
6.C　推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段最后一句可知，適量使用智能手機是有益的。
7.D　推理判斷題。根據第四段內容可知，研究人員通過收集參與者的數據來進行這項研究。
8.D　標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講的是在一項針對5萬多名韓國青少年的新研究中，那些每天使用智能手機超過4小時的人有更高的不良心理健康和物質使用率。因此D項（過度使用手機與青少年心理健康風險有關）為文章最佳標題。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章提出了快樂并不能保證一個人就會健康，還有其他因素影響一個人的健康和長壽，例如一個人的基因，甚至一個人的社會經濟狀況。學會用現實的積極態度應對消極情緒是一個人健康的關鍵。
9.D　細節理解題。根據第一段最后兩句可知，作者認為快樂并不能保證一個人的健康。
10.B　細節理解題。根據第二段列舉的例子可知，當我們將積極思考視為幸福生活的唯一決定因素時，積極思考可能是危險的。
11.B　推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段內容可知，不愉快的感覺能導致自我反思和個人成長，這有益于一個人的幸福。
12.A　詞義猜測題。根據第一段內容可知，快樂不一定會讓我們健康，我們不能把追求快樂當作目的。此處與首段相呼應，an end in itself意為“目的”，A項（一個最終目標）與畫線部分意思相近。
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了四條幫助你和你的青少年獲得舒適感的重要規則。
13.A　下文提到The rules，空處應承接下文，A項（你需要制定一些基本規則）符合語境。A項中的some basic rules與空后一句中的The rules相呼應。
14.E　上文說明電費水費也需要孩子們分擔，E項（如有必要，讓你的青少年自己支付）承接上文，符合語境。
15.C　上文提出了兩個問題，下文提到讓孩子們自己去準備飯菜，C項（教你的青少年做一些基本的飯菜）回應了上文的問題，符合語境，且some basic meals與下文those meals相呼應。
16.G　本段小標題Assign housework說明家長要給孩子分配任務，空處是對小標題的進一步解釋，G項（讓你的青少年做好參與家庭經營工作的準備）符合語境。
17.D　下文說明不能讓孩子整天待在家里，要讓他們去找工作或者去學習，D項（鼓勵他們找工作或接受教育）符合語境。
5 / 6Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
The Age of Majority
In most countries， [1]turning 18 marks① the start of adulthood②.But what does reaching this milestone③， the age of majority④， really mean？ Will you be completely in charge of⑤ your own life and able to express yourself in new and exciting ways？ What new responsibilities⑥ will this freedom⑦ bring？ Here， three young people tell us [2]what turning 18 means， or meant， to them.
　　[1]動詞-ing短語作主語。
[2]what引導賓語從句，并在從句中作直接賓語。
Bethany　16， Victoria， Australia
I can’t wait to⑧ be 18.One reason is [3]that although I’ve been working ever since⑨ leaving school， I won’t be voting⑩ in the next general election .Why？ Because I still won’t be old enough.Surely ， [4]if you’re old enough to earn a wage and pay taxes ， you should be allowed to have a say on [5]how the government spends them！ I’ve also been taking driving lessons， and in fact I will be taking my driving test on the very day I turn 18.My mum worries about me being behind the wheel .As an ambulance driver， she’s seen a lot of car accidents [6]involving teenagers and thinks the legal age for getting a driving licence should be 21.But I think I’m already mature enough to understand [7]that driving a car also means taking responsibility for my life and the lives of other people.
　　[3]that引導表語從句，從句中含有although引導的讓步狀語從句。
[4]if引導條件狀語從句。
[5]how引導賓語從句，作介詞on的賓語。
[6]動詞-ing短語作后置定語，修飾名詞car accidents。
[7]that引導賓語從句，that在從句中不作成分，可以省略。
Lin Ning　19， Shanghai， China
I celebrated my 18th birthday just before I went to university .I expected to feel instantly different， [8]as if I had closed the door on my childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world.But it wasn’t like that.When I woke up the next day ， [9]there were still rules to obey and lessons to attend.In fact， the change has been more subtle and gradual than I imagined.Instead of being the selfish teenager [10]I used to be， I have begun to feel more aware of other people and to develop a stronger sense of social responsibility .To give an example， I will be signing an organ donation agreement this time tomorrow.This was a big decision for me and I made it without asking my parents （although I knew they would approve ）.Turning 18 also changed the way [11]that society viewed me.I was really surprised when a bank contacted me with a credit card offer.Of course， I would like to have more freedom with money and no doubt I will be getting a credit card at some point， but I currently don’t have a steady income， so getting a credit card might tempt me to spend more money than I have！
　　[8]as if引導方式狀語從句，意為“好像，仿佛，似乎”，從句使用了虛擬語氣。
[9]動詞不定式短語 to obey和to attend作后置定語，分別修飾名詞rules和lessons。
[10]I used to be為定語從句，修飾先行詞teenager，從句省略了關系代詞that或which。
[11]that引導定語從句，修飾先行詞the way。
【讀文清障】
①mark v.標志，意味著
②adulthood n.成年
③milestone n.重大事件，里程碑
④the age of majority
法定成年年齡
⑤in charge of 掌管，負責
⑥responsibility n.責任，義務
⑦freedom n.自由
⑧can’t wait to do sth
迫不及待做某事
⑨ever since 自……以來
⑩vote v.投票；選舉
election n.選舉
general election 大選，普選
surely adv.當然
wage n.（按小時、日或周計算的）工資，薪金
tax n.稅
pay taxes 交稅，納稅
have a say 有發言權
very adj.恰好的，（特指人或事物）正是的
behind the wheel 在駕駛汽車
ambulance n.救護車
involve v.牽涉，涉及
legal adj.合法的
driving licence
駕照，駕駛執照
mature adj.成熟的，明白事理的
take responsibility for
對……負責
go to university 上大學
instantly adv.立即，馬上
childhood n.童年，兒童時代
the next day 第二天
obey v.服從；遵守
subtle adj.難以察覺的；微妙的
gradual adj.逐漸的，逐步的
selfish adj.自私的
a strong sense of social
responsibility
一種強烈的社會責任感
organ donation 器官捐獻
approve v.贊成，同意
view v.看待
credit card 信用卡
currently adv.目前
steady adj.穩定的
tempt v.誘惑，引誘
tempt sb to do sth
誘惑某人做某事
　　Morgan　20， Florida， the US
[12]People say that 18 marks a new chapter in our lives， and that we should become more independent .I used to believe this， but the reality for me has been very different.I assumed I’d already have a well-paid job and that I’d be moving into a rented apartment as soon as I turned 18， but how wrong I was！ My librarian’s salary means that I’ll be living at home with my parents for a while longer.Because I contribute to the household bills and my commute to work is quite expensive， [13]I find it hard to save any money.I’ll be starting a new job next month， however， so maybe things will get easier.I know I could get a bank loan to pay the deposit on my very own apartment， but I don’t feel ready to make that kind of commitment ， and [14]I do like my mom’s cooking.I guess some responsibilities are more about attitude than age.
　　[12]本句中含有兩個that引導的并列的賓語從句。
[13]本句中it作形式賓語，動詞不定式短語to save any money作真正的賓語。
[14]句中do用來強調謂語動詞like。
independent adj.獨立的；自主的
assume v.假定；假設；認為
librarian n.圖書館管理員
household adj.家庭的
commute n.每天上班的路程
deposit n.訂金
pay the deposit on ...
支付……的訂金
commitment n.投入，花費；承諾
【參考譯文】
成　年
在大多數國家，進入18歲便意味著成年。但是到達成年這一里程碑到底意味著什么呢？你將完全主宰自己的生活嗎？你能夠用新奇的、激動人心的方式來表達自己嗎？獲得這種自由又會帶來什么新的責任呢？接下來，有三位年輕人會為我們講述年滿18歲對他們意味著什么，或是曾經意味著什么。
貝薩妮　16歲，澳大利亞 維多利亞州
我簡直等不及想要到18歲了。其中一個原因是雖然我一畢業就工作了，但是我依然不能在下一屆大選中投票。為什么？因為我依然不滿18歲。當然，如果你已經掙工資并且交稅了，那你應該對政府在支配稅收方面有一定的話語權。我也一直在學習駕駛，并且我會在18歲當天就去考駕照。媽媽十分擔心我開車，作為一名救護車司機，她目睹過太多涉及青少年的車禍，她認為考駕照的法定年齡應該推遲到21歲。但是我覺得自己已經足夠成熟，知道開車也意味著要對自己和他人的生命負責。
林寧　19歲，中國 上海
上大學前我剛滿18歲。我曾經期待馬上會有不一樣的感覺，就好像自己關閉了童年的大門，踏進一個全新的成人世界。但是事實并非如此。第二天我醒來時，仍然有需要遵守的規則，需要參加的課程。事實上，這種變化比我想象的更微小，更平緩。相比自己之前那個自私的青少年角色，我已經開始更多地關注別人，并且去培養更強烈的社會責任感。比如說，明天這個時候我將會簽署器官捐贈意向書。這對我來說是一個重大的決定，做出這個決定我并未征求父母的意見（雖然我知道他們會同意的）。滿18歲后，社會對待我的方式也改變了。有家銀行給我打電話讓我辦理信用卡的時候，我非常驚訝。雖然我想在花錢方面更為自由，而且毫無疑問我將在未來的某個時間獲得一張信用卡，但是我現在還沒有穩定的收入，所以現在辦理的話可能會讓我透支！
　　摩根　20歲，美國 佛羅里達州
人們都說18歲意味著翻開人生的新篇章，我們應該變得更獨立。我曾經也這樣認為，但是事實并非如此。我以為我一到18歲就有了一份薪水不錯的工作，能搬進自己租的公寓，我是多么異想天開呀！作為一個圖書館管理員，我的工資只夠我繼續長時間和父母住在一起。因為我要分擔家庭賬單，而且我的通勤費用很高，所以我發現攢錢非常困難。不過下個月我會開始一份新工作，也許情況能有所好轉。我知道我可以通過貸款來支付購買自己公寓的訂金，但我還無法向銀行做出這種重大的承諾，而且我真的很喜歡吃媽媽做的飯。我覺得要想負起一些責任，更多的是關乎態度，而不是年齡。
第一步：析架構理清脈絡
Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
第二步：知細節明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.Which of the following words can be used to describe Bethany’s attitude towards growing up？
A.Eager and excited.
B.Indifferent and expectant.
C.Disappointed and different.
D.Responsible and cautious.
2.What does Lin Ning think being an adult means？
A.It means he can go to university.
B.It means he can celebrate his birthday freely.
C.It means he needn’t obey rules or attend lessons.
D.It means he should have a stronger sense of social responsibility.
3.Why will Morgan be living at home with his parents for a while longer？
A.He has a well-paid job.
B.He has to start a new job next month.
C.He is independent as expected.
D.He earns a low salary working as a librarian.
4.What does the word “commitment” in the last paragraph probably mean？
A.Hope.　　　　　　　 B.Promise.
C.Willingness. D.Belief.
5.What’s the main idea of the text？
A.Views about the right to vote.
B.Young people should leave home when they grow up.
C.What the age of majority means to different people.
D.The age of majority varies in different countries.
第三步：拓思維品質提升
Discuss the following questions with your partner.
1.What does turning 18 mean to you？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
2.Do you think it is necessary to set a legal adult age？ Why？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第四步：品語言妙筆生輝
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences to show the change of the mood.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.Read the passage carefully and find a sentence about simile （比喻） in the part of Lin Ning.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第五步：析難句表達升級
1.One reason is that although I’ve been working ever since leaving school， I won’t be voting in the next general election.
句式分析 that although I’ve been working ever since leaving school， I won’t be voting in the next general election為that 引導的　　　　從句，although I’ve been working ever since leaving school為although引導的　　　　從句。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.Surely， if you’re old enough to earn a wage and pay taxes， you should be allowed to have a say on how the government spends them！
句式分析 if you’re old enough to earn a wage and pay taxes為if引導的　　　　從句，how the government spends them為how引導的　　　　從句。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.But I think I’m already mature enough to understand that driving a car also means taking responsibility for my life and the lives of other people.
句式分析 that引導　　　　從句，作　　　　　　的賓語；動詞-ing短語taking ...作動詞means的　　　　語。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.I expected to feel instantly different， as if I had closed the door on my childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world.
句式分析 as if I had closed the door on my childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world為as if引導的　　　　從句。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5.I assumed I’d already have a well-paid job and that I’d be moving into a rented apartment as soon as I turned 18， but how wrong I was！
句式分析 I’d already have a well-paid job and that I’d be moving into a rented apartment as soon as I turned 18是由and連接的兩個　　　　從句，引導詞都是that，在第一個賓語從句中that　　　　省略，而第二個賓語從句中that　　　　省略。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅰ　核心詞匯集釋
election n.選舉
【教材原句】　One reason is that although I’ve been working ever since leaving school， I won’t be voting in the next general election.
其中一個原因是雖然我一畢業就工作了，但是我依然不能在下一屆大選中投票。
【用法】
（1）win/lose an election 當/落選；選舉獲勝/失敗
hold an election 舉行選舉
（2）elect v. 選舉，推選；選擇，決定
elect to do sth 決定/選擇做某事
elect sb （as/to be）＋職位 選某人為……（職位名詞前不加冠詞）
【佳句】　It is not surprising that she was elected （as/to be） monitor； she is a capable and intelligent girl.
她當選班長一點都不奇怪。她是個既能干又聰明的女孩。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Everyone was allowed to vote regardless of skin colour to celebrate South Africa’s first 　　　　　　（elect） in 1994.
②Nowadays，increasing numbers of people elect 　　　　　　（work） at home to avoid their distant commutes.
【寫美】　補全句子
③聽說你被選為學生會主席，我寫信向你表示祝賀。（祝賀信）
Hearing you 　　　　　　　　　　　　of the Students’ Union， I’m writing to express my congratulations to you.
legal adj.合法的
【教材原句】　As an ambulance driver， she’s seen a lot of car accidents involving teenagers and thinks the legal age for getting a driving licence should be 21. 作為一名救護車司機，她目睹過太多涉及青少年的車禍，她認為考駕照的法定年齡應該推遲到21歲。
【用法】
（1）It is legal/illegal （for sb） to do sth （某人）做某事是合法/違法的
legal holiday/age　　　法定假期/年齡
legal action 法律訴訟
（2）illegal adj. 違法的，犯法的
（3）legally adv. 合法地，法律上
【佳句】　She threatened to take legal action against the hospital.
她揚言要起訴醫院。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①It’s illegal 　　　　　　（drive） after drinking alcohol in China.
②I wonder which of them is 　　　　　　（legal） responsible for the accident.
【寫美】　補全句子
③在中國，對于男性來說，結婚的法定年齡是22歲。
In China， for men， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　is 22.
take responsibility for 對……負責
【教材原句】　But I think I’m already mature enough to understand that driving a car also means taking responsibility for my life and the lives of other people.
但是我覺得自己已經足夠成熟，知道開車也意味著要對自己和他人的生命負責。
【用法】
（1）have （the/a） responsibility to do ... 有責任/有義務做……
It is one’s responsibility to do sth
做某事是某人的責任
a sense of responsibility 責任感
（2）responsible adj. 有責任的，應負責任的
be responsible for 對……負責
【佳句】　Born into a traditional family， Rick was brought up to value the sense of responsibility.
瑞克出生在一個傳統家庭，從小就被教育要有責任感。
【聯想】　表示“對……負責”還可用bear/shoulder responsibility for來表達。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①It’s the police’s responsibility 　　　　　　（protect） the travellers， so they should be responsible 　　　　　　the accidents that happened to them.
②Although he is a man with 　　　　sense of responsibility， he is at a loss what to do for his hometown.
【寫美】　一句多譯
③最重要的是你要對你的行為承擔責任。
→What is most important is that you need to 　　　　　　　　　　　　your actions first.（responsibility）
→What is most important is that you need to 　　　　　　　　　　　　your actions first.（responsible）
instantly adv.立即，馬上
【教材原句】　I expected to feel instantly different， as if I had closed the door on my childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world.
我曾經期待馬上會有不一樣的感覺，就好像自己關閉了童年的大門，踏進一個全新的成人世界。
【用法】
（1）instantly ...＝the instant ...　　一……就……
（2）instant adj.立即的，立刻的；速食的，方便的
n. 瞬間，片刻
in an instant 立即，馬上
for an instant 瞬間，片刻
【佳句】　We can now communicate instantly with people on the other side of the world.
我們現在可以與世界另一端的人進行即時溝通。
【聯想】　表示“一……就……”，引導時間狀語從句的還有immediately/directly， as soon as，the moment/minute/second等。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Just 　　　　an instant I came to realise he wasn’t going to obey the rule from his subtle expression.
②They forgot all their fears and miseries 　　　　　　　　an instant.
③He shook me by the hand and we opened a conversation 　　　　　　（instant）.
【寫美】　一句多譯
④看到分數的那一刻，瑪麗高興地跳起來。
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， she jumped with delight.（instant）
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， she jumped with delight.（instantly）
approve v.贊成，同意；批準，通過（計劃、要求等）
【教材原句】　This was a big decision for me and I made it without asking my parents （although I knew they would approve）. 這對我來說是一個重大的決定，做出這個決定我并未征求父母的意見（雖然我知道他們會同意的）。
【用法】
（1）approve sth　 批準/通過某事
approve of （sb/sb’s） doing sth 同意/贊成（某人）做某事
（2）approval n. 贊成，同意；批準，通過，認可
win/earn sb’s approval 贏得某人的同意/贊成/認可
【佳句】　We would be grateful if you could approve our proposal.
如果您批準我們的提議，我們將不勝感激。（感謝信）
【點津】　“同意/贊成某人做某事”不可說成approve sb to do sth。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①I would appreciate it if my application could get your 　　　　　　（approve）.
②He told his plan to his friends， most of whom approved of him 　　　　　　（carry） it out immediately.
【寫美】　補全句子
③至于我，我贊成這項禁令。限塑令使中國符合日益增長的減少塑料袋使用的國際趨勢。（環境保護）
As for me， 　　　　　　　　　. The ban on plastic bags brings China in line with a growing international trend to cut plastic bag use.
no doubt無疑地；必定
【教材原句】　Of course， I would like to have more freedom with money and no doubt I will be getting a credit card at some point ...
雖然我想在花錢方面更為自由，而且毫無疑問我將在未來的某個時間獲得一張信用卡……
【用法】
（1）doubt v.　　　懷疑，不確定；不信任
n. 懷疑，不確定
doubt whether/if ... 懷疑是否……（用于肯定句）
doubt that ... 懷疑（用于否定句或疑問句）
（2）beyond/without/out of doubt 毫無疑問/確實地
【佳句】　No doubt that the Earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activities that have caused the global warming.
毫無疑問，地球正變得更加暖和，正是人類活動導致了全球變暖。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①There is no doubt 　　　　　　you can get along well with them.
②There is some doubt 　　　　　　John will come on time.
③　　　　　　 doubt these rumours added further fuel to the flames.
【寫美】　補全句子
④我絲毫都不懷疑我們對環境的污染是不可挽回的。（環境保護）
I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　we are polluting the environment beyond redemption.
assume vt.認為；假定，假設
【教材原句】　I assumed I’d already have a well-paid job and that I’d be moving into a rented apartment as soon as I turned 18， but how wrong I was！
我以為我一到18歲就有了一份薪水不錯的工作，能搬進自己租的公寓，我是多么異想天開呀！
【用法】
（1）assume ...to be ... 假定/假設……是……
It is assumed that ...　　 一般認為……
（2）assumption n. 假定，假設
make an assumption 認為；假定
（3）assuming/assume that ... 假設/假定……
【佳句】　She assumed that her parents would feel proud of her great talent.
她認為她的父母會為她的才華感到驕傲。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the 　　　　　　　　（assume） you’ve made.
【寫美】　補全句子
②人們普遍認為我們應該保護好這些古建筑。（報道）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 we should well preserve these ancient buildings.
suitable adj.合適的
【教材原句】　Choose another suitable title for the passage and give your reasons.
為這篇文章選擇另一個合適的標題并給出你的理由。
【用法】
（1）be suitable for　　 　適合……
be suitable to do sth 適合做某事
（2）suit v.適合（某人）；適宜；滿足（某人）需要；合（某人）心意
suit ...to ... 使……適合……
（3）suit n. 西裝，套裝
【佳句】　Please let me know what time suits you best. I am available anytime next weekend.
請告訴我什么時間最適合你。下周末我什么時候都有空。（道歉信）
【練透】　單句語法填空
①A good teacher should suit his lessons 　　　　　　the age of his students.
②Having qualifications to teach golf，I am greatly convinced that I am suitable 　　　　（act） as a coach in your club.
【寫美】　補全句子
③因為我流利的英語，我相信我適合這個志愿者工作。
Because of my fluent English， I am convinced that I 　　　　　　　　the volunteer work.
Part Ⅱ　重點句型解構
句型公式：as if引導狀語從句或表語從句
【教材原句】　I expected to feel instantly different， as if I had closed the door on my childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world.
我曾經期待馬上會有不一樣的感覺，就好像自己關閉了童年的大門，踏進一個全新的成人世界。
【用法】
as if/though意為“似乎，好像”，既可以引導表語從句也可以引導狀語從句。
（1）如果as if/though所引導的從句表示的情況是真實的或極有可能發生的，句子要用陳述語氣。
（2）如果as if/though所引導的從句只是表示一種假設的情況，從句的謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣，其形式如下：
①表示與現在事實相反的假設，從句謂語動詞用一般過去時（從句中be動詞常用were）；
②表示與過去事實相反的假設，從句謂語動詞用過去完成時。
【點津】　當as if/though引導的從句的主語和主句的主語一致，并且從句中有be的某種形式時，從句中的主語和系動詞可以省略，后面直接跟名詞、形容詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式或分詞。
【寫美】　微寫作
①當一支鉛筆部分放入水中時，它看起來好像斷了一樣。
When a pencil is partly put into water， it looks 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
②他張了張嘴，似乎要對我說些什么，然后搖頭走開了。（動作鏈描寫）
He opened his mouth 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　and then went away， shaking his head.
③他凝視著她，愣住了。他覺得好像他的心都不跳了。
He stared at her， shocked. He felt 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
④看天空中的云！看起來好像要下雨了。
Look at the clouds in the sky！It looks 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
the way 作先行詞的定語從句
【教材原句】　Turning 18 also changed the way that society viewed me.
滿18歲后，社會對待我的方式也改變了。
【用法】
（1）句中that society viewed me為定語從句，修飾先行詞the way；從句引導詞為that，在從句中作狀語。
（2）way（方式，方法）后的定語從句的引導詞有兩種：
①在way后面的從句中，如果引導詞作主語、賓語或表語，要用that或which引導定語從句，引導詞作賓語時可以省略。
②在way后面的從句中，如果引導詞作狀語，則用that或in which引導定語從句，也可以省略引導詞。
【品悟】　I don’t like the way （that/in which） you talk to the librarian of our university library. 我不喜歡你和我們大學圖書館的圖書館管理員說話的方式。
【寫美】　句型轉換/微寫作
①The way that the professor explained the question was quite simple.
→The way 　　　　　　　　the professor explained the question was quite simple.
②近年來，人們生活中的交流方式發生了巨大的變化。我們也需要改變我們思考問題的方式。
Great changes have taken place in the way of communication in people’s lives in recent years.We also need to change the way 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
③他向我們解釋的那種方法很簡單。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 was quite simple.
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
【文本透析·剖語篇】
第一步
1.vote　2.licence　3.more aware of　4.responsibility
5.live　6.attitude
第二步
1－5　ADDBC
第三步
1.Turning 18 means that I am a grown-up.And I will share more responsibilities and care more about my parents.
2.Legally speaking， our society needs to set a line to let people completely undertake their rights and duties. What’s more， setting a legal adult age helps us develop a sense of responsibility consciously. Knowing we are legal adults，we will force ourselves to think deeply and behave maturely. It is a necessary boost （促進） for our mental growth.
第四步
1.（1）I can’t wait to be 18.
（2）But I think I’m already mature enough to understand that driving a car also means taking responsibility for my life and the lives of other people.
（3）I expected to feel instantly different.
（4）I used to believe this， but the reality for me has been very different.
2.I expected to feel instantly different， as if I had closed the door on my childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world.
第五步
1.表語　讓步狀語
其中一個原因是雖然我一畢業就工作了，但是我依然不能在下一屆大選中投票。
2.條件狀語　賓語
當然，如果你已經掙工資并且交稅了，那你應該對政府在支配稅收方面有一定的話語權。
3.賓語　understand　賓
但是我覺得自己已經足夠成熟，知道開車也意味著要對自己和他人的生命負責。
4.方式狀語
我曾經期待馬上會有不一樣的感覺，就好像自己關閉了童年的大門，踏進一個全新的成人世界。
5.賓語　可　不可
我以為我一到18歲就有了一份薪水不錯的工作，能搬進自己租的公寓，我是多么異想天開呀！
【核心知識·巧突破】
核心詞匯集釋
1.①election　②to work
③were elected （as/to be） chairman
2.①to drive　②legally　③the legal age to get married
3.①to protect； for　②a　③take/bear/shoulder responsibility for； be responsible for
4.①for　②in　③instantly　④The instant Mary caught sight of the score； Instantly Mary caught sight of the score
5.①approval　②carrying　③I approve of the ban
6.①that　②whether/if　③Without/Beyond
④have no doubt that/don’t doubt that
7.①assumption　②It is generally assumed that
8.①to　②to act　③am suitable for
重點句型解構
1.①as if/though it were broken　②as if to say something to me　③as if/though his heart had stopped　④as if/though it is going to rain
2.①in which　②（that/in which） we think about matters
③The way （which/that） he explained to us
12 / 12(共121張PPT)
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
1
篇章助解·釋疑難
目 錄
2
文本透析·剖語篇
4
課時檢測·提能力
3
核心知識·巧突破
篇章助解·釋疑難
力推課前預習
1
The Age of Majority
In most countries， [1]turning 18 marks① the start of adulthood
②.But what does reaching this milestone③， the age of majority④， really
mean？ Will you be completely in charge of⑤ your own life and able to
express yourself in new and exciting ways？ What new responsibilities⑥
will this freedom⑦ bring？ Here， three young people tell us [2]what
turning 18 means， or meant， to them.
　　[1]動詞-ing短語作主語。
[2]what引導賓語從句，并在從句中作直接賓語。
【讀文清障】
①mark v.標志，意味著
②adulthood n.成年
③milestone n.重大事件，里程碑
④the age of majority 法定成年年齡
⑤in charge of 掌管，負責
⑥responsibility n.責任，義務
⑦freedom n.自由
Bethany　16， Victoria， Australia
I can’t wait to⑧ be 18.One reason is [3]that although I’ve been
working ever since⑨ leaving school， I won’t be voting⑩ in the next
general election .Why？ Because I still won’t be old enough.Surely
， [4]if you’re old enough to earn a wage and pay taxes ， you
should be allowed to have a say on [5]how the government spends
them！ I’ve also been taking driving lessons， and in fact I will be taking my driving test on the very day I turn 18.My mum worries about me being
behind the wheel .As an ambulance driver， she’s seen a lot of car
accidents [6]involving teenagers and thinks the legal age for getting a
driving licence should be 21.But I think I’m already mature enough
to understand [7]that driving a car also means taking responsibility for
my life and the lives of other people.
　　[3]that引導表語從句，從句中含有although引導的讓步狀語
從句。
[4]if引導條件狀語從句。
[5]how引導賓語從句，作介詞on的賓語。
[6]動詞-ing短語作后置定語，修飾名詞car accidents。
[7]that引導賓語從句，that在從句中不作成分，可以省略。
⑧can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事
⑨ever since 自……以來
⑩vote v.投票；選舉
election n.選舉
general election 大選，普選
surely adv.當然
wage n.（按小時、日或周計算的）工資，薪金
tax n.稅pay taxes 交稅，納稅
have a say 有發言權
very adj.恰好的，（特指人或事物）正是的
behind the wheel 在駕駛汽車
ambulance n.救護車
involve v.牽涉，涉及
legal adj.合法的
driving licence 駕照，駕駛執照
mature adj.成熟的，明白事理的
take responsibility for 對……負責
Lin Ning　19， Shanghai， China
I celebrated my 18th birthday just before I went to university .I
expected to feel instantly different， [8]as if I had closed the door on my
childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world.But it wasn’t like
that.When I woke up the next day ， [9]there were still rules to obey
and lessons to attend.In fact， the change has been more subtle and
gradual than I imagined.Instead of being the selfish teenager [10]I
used to be， I have begun to feel more aware of other people and to
develop a stronger sense of social responsibility .To give an example，
I will be signing an organ donation agreement this time tomorrow.This
was a big decision for me and I made it without asking my parents
（although I knew they would approve ）.Turning 18 also changed the
way [11]that society viewed me.I was really surprised when a bank
contacted me with a credit card offer.Of course， I would like to have
more freedom with money and no doubt I will be getting a credit card at
some point， but I currently don’t have a steady income， so getting
a credit card might tempt me to spend more money than I have！
　　[8]as if引導方式狀語從句，意為“好像，仿佛，似乎”，從句使
用了虛擬語氣。
[9]動詞不定式短語 to obey和to attend作后置定語，分別修飾名詞
rules和lessons。
[10]I used to be為定語從句，修飾先行詞teenager，從句省略了關
系代詞that或which。
[11]that引導定語從句，修飾先行詞the way。
go to university 上大學
instantly adv.立即，馬上
childhood n.童年，兒童時代
the next day 第二天
obey v.服從；遵守
subtle adj.難以察覺的；微妙的
gradual adj.逐漸的，逐步的
selfish adj.自私的
a strong sense of social responsibility一種強烈的社會責任感
organ donation 器官捐獻
approve v.贊成，同意
view v.看待
credit card 信用卡
currently adv.目前
steady adj.穩定的
tempt v.誘惑，引誘
tempt sb to do sth 誘惑某人做某事
Morgan　20， Florida， the US
[12]People say that 18 marks a new chapter in our lives， and that
we should become more independent .I used to believe this， but the
reality for me has been very different.I assumed I’d already have a
well-paid job and that I’d be moving into a rented apartment as soon as I
turned 18， but how wrong I was！ My librarian’s salary means that
I’ll be living at home with my parents for a while longer.Because I
contribute to the household bills and my commute to work is quite
expensive， [13]I find it hard to save any money.I’ll be starting a new
job next month， however， so maybe things will get easier.
I know I could get a bank loan to pay the deposit on my very own
apartment， but I don’t feel ready to make that kind of commitment ，
and [14]I do like my mom’s cooking.I guess some responsibilities are
more about attitude than age.
　　[12]本句中含有兩個that引導的并列的賓語從句。
[13]本句中it作形式賓語，動詞不定式短語to save any money作真
正的賓語。
[14]句中do用來強調謂語動詞like。
independent adj.獨立的；自主的
assume v.假定；假設；認為
librarian n.圖書館管理員
household adj.家庭的
commute n.每天上班的路程
deposit n.訂金
pay the deposit on ... 支付……的訂金
commitment n.投入，花費；承諾
【參考譯文】
成　年
在大多數國家，進入18歲便意味著成年。但是到達成年這一里程
碑到底意味著什么呢？你將完全主宰自己的生活嗎？你能夠用新奇
的、激動人心的方式來表達自己嗎？獲得這種自由又會帶來什么新的
責任呢？接下來，有三位年輕人會為我們講述年滿18歲對他們意味著
什么，或是曾經意味著什么。
貝薩妮　16歲，澳大利亞 維多利亞州
我簡直等不及想要到18歲了。其中一個原因是雖然我一畢業就工
作了，但是我依然不能在下一屆大選中投票。為什么？因為我依然不
滿18歲。當然，如果你已經掙工資并且交稅了，那你應該對政府在支
配稅收方面有一定的話語權。我也一直在學習駕駛，并且我會在18歲
當天就去考駕照。媽媽十分擔心我開車，作為一名救護車司機，她目
睹過太多涉及青少年的車禍，她認為考駕照的法定年齡應該推遲到21
歲。但是我覺得自己已經足夠成熟，知道開車也意味著要對自己和他
人的生命負責。
林寧　19歲，中國 上海
上大學前我剛滿18歲。我曾經期待馬上會有不一樣的感覺，就好
像自己關閉了童年的大門，踏進一個全新的成人世界。但是事實并非
如此。第二天我醒來時，仍然有需要遵守的規則，需要參加的課程。
事實上，這種變化比我想象的更微小，更平緩。相比自己之前那個自
私的青少年角色，我已經開始更多地關注別人，并且去培養更強烈的
社會責任感。比如說，明天這個時候我將會簽署器官捐贈意向書。這
對我來說是一個重大的決定，做出這個決定我并未征求父母的意見
（雖然我知道他們會同意的）。滿18歲后，社會對待我的方式也改變
了。有家銀行給我打電話讓我辦理信用卡的時候，我非常驚訝。
雖然我想在花錢方面更為自由，而且毫無疑問我將在未來的某個時間
獲得一張信用卡，但是我現在還沒有穩定的收入，所以現在辦理的話
可能會讓我透支！
人們都說18歲意味著翻開人生的新篇章，我們應該變得更獨立。
我曾經也這樣認為，但是事實并非如此。我以為我一到18歲就有了一
份薪水不錯的工作，能搬進自己租的公寓，我是多么異想天開呀！作
為一個圖書館管理員，我的工資只夠我繼續長時間和父母住在一起。
因為我要分擔家庭賬單，而且我的通勤費用很高，所以我發現攢錢非
常困難。不過下個月我會開始一份新工作，也許情況能有所好轉。我
知道我可以通過貸款來支付購買自己公寓的訂金，但我還無法向銀行
做出這種重大的承諾，而且我真的很喜歡吃媽媽做的飯。我覺得要想
負起一些責任，更多的是關乎態度，而不是年齡。
　　摩根　20歲，美國 佛羅里達州
文本透析·剖語篇
助力語篇理解
2
第一步：析架構理清脈絡
Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
第二步：知細節明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1. Which of the following words can be used to describe Bethany’s
attitude towards growing up？
A. Eager and excited.
B. Indifferent and expectant.
C. Disappointed and different.
D. Responsible and cautious.
2. What does Lin Ning think being an adult means？
A. It means he can go to university.
B. It means he can celebrate his birthday freely.
C. It means he needn’t obey rules or attend lessons.
D. It means he should have a stronger sense of social responsibility.
3. Why will Morgan be living at home with his parents for a while
longer？
A. He has a well-paid job.
B. He has to start a new job next month.
C. He is independent as expected.
D. He earns a low salary working as a librarian.
4. What does the word “commitment” in the last paragraph probably
mean？
A. Hope. B. Promise.
C. Willingness. D. Belief.
5. What’s the main idea of the text？
A. Views about the right to vote.
B. Young people should leave home when they grow up.
C. What the age of majority means to different people.
D. The age of majority varies in different countries.
第三步：拓思維品質提升
Discuss the following questions with your partner.
1. What does turning 18 mean to you？


　Turning 18 means that I am a grown-up.And I will share more
responsibilities and care more about my parents.　
2. Do you think it is necessary to set a legal adult age？ Why？






　Legally speaking， our society needs to set a line to let people
completely undertake their rights and duties. What’s more， setting a
legal adult age helps us develop a sense of responsibility consciously.
Knowing we are legal adults，we will force ourselves to think deeply
and behave maturely. It is a necessary boost （促進） for our mental
growth.　
第四步：品語言妙筆生輝
1. Read the passage carefully and find the sentences to show the change of
the mood.







（1）I can’t wait to be 18.　
　（2）But I think I’m already mature enough to understand that
driving a car also means taking responsibility for my life and the lives
of other people.　
（3）I expected to feel instantly different.　
　（4）I used to believe this， but the reality for me has been very
different.　
2. Read the passage carefully and find a sentence about simile （比喻）
in the part of Lin Ning.


　I expected to feel instantly different， as if I had closed the door on
my childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world.　
第五步：析難句表達升級
1. One reason is that although I’ve been working ever since leaving
school， I won’t be voting in the next general election.
句式分析 that although I’ve been working ever since leaving
school， I won’t be voting in the next general election為that 引導
的 從句，although I’ve been working ever since leaving
school為although引導的 從句。
自主翻譯

表語　
讓步狀語　
其中一個原因是雖然我一畢業就工作了，但是我依然
不能在下一屆大選中投票。　
2. Surely， if you’re old enough to earn a wage and pay taxes， you
should be allowed to have a say on how the government spends them！
句式分析 if you’re old enough to earn a wage and pay taxes為if引導
的 從句，how the government spends them為how引導
的 從句。
自主翻譯

條件狀語　
賓語　
當然，如果你已經掙工資并且交稅了，那你應該對政
府在支配稅收方面有一定的話語權。　
3. But I think I’m already mature enough to understand that driving a car
also means taking responsibility for my life and the lives of other
people.
句式分析 that引導 從句，作 的賓語；動詞-
ing短語taking ...作動詞means的 語。
自主翻譯

賓語　
understand　
賓　
但是我覺得自己已經足夠成熟，知道開車也意味著要
對自己和他人的生命負責。　
4. I expected to feel instantly different， as if I had closed the door on my
childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world.
句式分析 as if I had closed the door on my childhood and stepped into
a whole new adult world為as if引導的 從句。
自主翻譯

方式狀語　
我曾經期待馬上會有不一樣的感覺，就好像自己關閉
了童年的大門，踏進一個全新的成人世界。　
5. I assumed I’d already have a well-paid job and that I’d be moving
into a rented apartment as soon as I turned 18， but how wrong I was！
句式分析 I’d already have a well-paid job and that I’d be moving
into a rented apartment as soon as I turned 18是由and連接的兩個
從句，引導詞都是that，在第一個賓語從句中that 省略，而
第二個賓語從句中that 省略。
自主翻譯

賓
語　
可　
不可　
我以為我一到18歲就有了一份薪水不錯的工作，能搬
進自己租的公寓，我是多么異想天開呀！　
核心知識·巧突破
探究課堂重點
3
Part Ⅰ　核心詞匯集釋
election n.選舉
【教材原句】　One reason is that although I’ve been working ever
since leaving school， I won’t be voting in the next general election. 其
中一個原因是雖然我一畢業就工作了，但是我依然不能在下一屆大選
中投票。
【用法】
（1）win/lose an election 當/落選；選舉獲勝/失敗
hold an election　　舉行選舉
（2）elect v.　　選舉，推選；選擇，決定
elect to do sth　　決定/選擇做某事
elect sb （as/to be）＋職位 選某人為……（職位名詞前不加冠詞）
【佳句】　It is not surprising that she was elected （as/to be）
monitor； she is a capable and intelligent girl.她當選班長一點都不奇
怪。她是個既能干又聰明的女孩。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Everyone was allowed to vote regardless of skin colour to celebrate
South Africa’s first （elect） in 1994.
②Nowadays，increasing numbers of people elect （work）
at home to avoid their distant commutes.
election　
to work　
【寫美】　補全句子
③聽說你被選為學生會主席，我寫信向你表示祝賀。（祝賀信）
Hearing you of the Students’
Union， I’m writing to express my congratulations to you.
were elected （as/to be） chairman　
legal adj.合法的
【教材原句】　As an ambulance driver， she’s seen a lot of car
accidents involving teenagers and thinks the legal age for getting a driving
licence should be 21.
作為一名救護車司機，她目睹過太多涉及青少年的車禍，她認為考駕
照的法定年齡應該推遲到21歲。
【用法】
（1）It is legal/illegal （for sb） to do sth　（某人）做某事是合法/違
法的
legal holiday/age　　法定假期/年齡
legal action　　法律訴訟
（2）illegal adj.　　違法的，犯法的
（3）legally adv.　　合法地，法律上
【練透】　單句語法填空
①It’s illegal （drive） after drinking alcohol in China.
②I wonder which of them is （legal）responsible for the
accident.
to drive　
legally　
【佳句】　She threatened to take legal action against the hospital. 她揚
言要起訴醫院。
【寫美】　補全句子
③在中國，對于男性來說，結婚的法定年齡是22歲。
In China， for men， is 22.
the legal age to get married　
take responsibility for 對……負責
【教材原句】　But I think I’m already mature enough to understand
that driving a car also means taking responsibility for my life and the
lives of other people.
但是我覺得自己已經足夠成熟，知道開車也意味著要對自己和他人的
生命負責。
【用法】
（1）have （the/a） responsibility to do ... 有責任/有義務做……
It is one’s responsibility to do sth　　做某事是某人的責任
a sense of responsibility　　責任感
（2）responsible adj.　　有責任的，應負責任的
be responsible for　　對……負責
【佳句】　Born into a traditional family， Rick was brought up to value
the sense of responsibility.
瑞克出生在一個傳統家庭，從小就被教育要有責任感。
【聯想】　表示“對……負責”還可用bear/shoulder responsibility for
來表達。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①It’s the police’s responsibility （protect） the
travellers， so they should be responsible the accidents that
happened to them.
②Although he is a man with sense of responsibility， he is at a loss
what to do for his hometown.
to protect　
for　
a　
【寫美】　一句多譯
③最重要的是你要對你的行為承擔責任。
→What is most important is that you need to
your actions first.（responsibility）
→What is most important is that you need to your
actions first.（responsible）
take/bear/shoulder
responsibility for　
be responsible for
instantly adv.立即，馬上
【教材原句】　I expected to feel instantly different， as if I had closed
the door on my childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world.
我曾經期待馬上會有不一樣的感覺，就好像自己關閉了童年的大門，
踏進一個全新的成人世界。
【用法】
（1）instantly ... ＝the instant ...　　一……就……
（2）instant adj.　　立即的，立刻的；速食的，方便的
n.　　瞬間，片刻
in an instant　　立即，馬上
for an instant　　瞬間，片刻
【佳句】　We can now communicate instantly with people on the other
side of the world.
我們現在可以與世界另一端的人進行即時溝通。
【聯想】　表示“一……就……”，引導時間狀語從句的還有
immediately/directly， as soon as，the moment/minute/second等。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Just an instant I came to realise he wasn’t going to obey the
rule from his subtle expression.
②They forgot all their fears and miseries an instant.
③He shook me by the hand and we opened a conversation
（instant）.
for　
in　
instantly　
【寫美】　一句多譯
④看到分數的那一刻，瑪麗高興地跳起來。
→ ， she jumped with
delight.（instant）
→ ， she jumped with
delight.（instantly）
The instant Mary caught sight of the score　
Instantly Mary caught sight of the score　
approve v.贊成，同意；批準，通過（計劃、要求等）
【教材原句】　This was a big decision for me and I made it without
asking my parents （although I knew they would approve）.
這對我來說是一個重大的決定，做出這個決定我并未征求父母的意見
（雖然我知道他們會同意的）。
【用法】
（1）approve sth　　批準/通過某事
approve of （sb/sb’s） doing sth　　同意/贊成（某人）做某事
（2）approval n.　　贊成，同意；批準，通過，認可
win/earn sb’s approval　　贏得某人的同意/贊成/認可
【佳句】　We would be grateful if you could approve our proposal.
如果您批準我們的提議，我們將不勝感激。（感謝信）
【點津】　“同意/贊成某人做某事”不可說成approve sb to do sth。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①I would appreciate it if my application could get your
（approve）.
②He told his plan to his friends， most of whom approved of
him （carry） it out immediately.
approval　
carrying　
【寫美】　補全句子
③至于我，我贊成這項禁令。限塑令使中國符合日益增長的減少塑料
袋使用的國際趨勢。（環境保護）
As for me， . The ban on plastic bags brings
China in line with a growing international trend to cut plastic bag use.
I approve of the ban　
no doubt無疑地；必定
【教材原句】　Of course， I would like to have more freedom with
money and no doubt I will be getting a credit card at some point ...
雖然我想在花錢方面更為自由，而且毫無疑問我將在未來的某個時間
獲得一張信用卡……
【用法】
（1）doubt v.　　　懷疑，不確定；不信任
n.　　懷疑，不確定
doubt whether/if ...　　懷疑是否……（用于肯定句）
doubt that ...　　懷疑（用于否定句或疑問句）
（2）beyond/without/out of doubt　　毫無疑問/確實地
【佳句】　No doubt that the Earth is becoming warmer and that it is
human activities that have caused the global warming.
毫無疑問，地球正變得更加暖和，正是人類活動導致了全球變暖。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①There is no doubt you can get along well with them.
②There is some doubt John will come on time.
③ doubt these rumours added further fuel to the
flames.
that　
whether/if　
Without/Beyond　
【寫美】　補全句子
④我絲毫都不懷疑我們對環境的污染是不可挽回的。（環境保護）
I we are polluting the
environment beyond redemption.
have no doubt that/don’t doubt that　
assume vt.認為；假定，假設
【教材原句】　I assumed I’d already have a well-paid job and that
I’d be moving into a rented apartment as soon as I turned 18， but how
wrong I was！
我以為我一到18歲就有了一份薪水不錯的工作，能搬進自己租的公
寓，我是多么異想天開呀！
【用法】
（1）assume ...to be ... 假定/假設……是……
It is assumed that ...　　　一般認為……
（2）assumption n.　　假定，假設
make an assumption　　認為；假定
（3）assuming/assume that ...　　假設/假定……
【佳句】　She assumed that her parents would feel proud of her great
talent.
她認為她的父母會為她的才華感到驕傲。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on
the （assume） you’ve made.
assumption　
【寫美】　補全句子
②人們普遍認為我們應該保護好這些古建筑。（報道）
we should well preserve these ancient
buildings.
It is generally assumed that　
suitable adj.合適的
【教材原句】　Choose another suitable title for the passage and give
your reasons.
為這篇文章選擇另一個合適的標題并給出你的理由。
【用法】
（1）be suitable for　　 　適合……
be suitable to do sth　　適合做某事
（2）suit v.　　適合（某人）；適宜；滿足（某人）需要；合（某
人）心意
suit ...to ...　　使……適合……
（3）suit n.　　西裝，套裝
【佳句】　Please let me know what time suits you best. I am available
anytime next weekend.
請告訴我什么時間最適合你。下周末我什么時候都有空。（道歉信）
【練透】　單句語法填空
①A good teacher should suit his lessons the age of his students.
②Having qualifications to teach golf，I am greatly convinced that I am
suitable （act） as a coach in your club.
to　
to act　
【寫美】　補全句子
③因為我流利的英語，我相信我適合這個志愿者工作。
Because of my fluent English， I am convinced that I
the volunteer work.
am suitable for　
Part Ⅱ　重點句型解構
句型公式：as if引導狀語從句或表語從句
【教材原句】　I expected to feel instantly different， as if I had closed
the door on my childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world.
我曾經期待馬上會有不一樣的感覺，就好像自己關閉了童年的大門，
踏進一個全新的成人世界。
【用法】
as if/though意為“似乎，好像”，既可以引導表語從句也可以引導狀
語從句。
（1）如果as if/though所引導的從句表示的情況是真實的或極有可能
發生的，句子要用陳述語氣。
（2）如果as if/though所引導的從句只是表示一種假設的情況，從句
的謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣，其形式如下：
①表示與現在事實相反的假設，從句謂語動詞用一般過去時（從句
中be動詞常用were）；
②表示與過去事實相反的假設，從句謂語動詞用過去完成時。
【點津】　當as if/though引導的從句的主語和主句的主語一致，并且
從句中有be的某種形式時，從句中的主語和系動詞可以省略，后面直
接跟名詞、形容詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式或分詞。
【寫美】　微寫作
①當一支鉛筆部分放入水中時，它看起來好像斷了一樣。
When a pencil is partly put into water， it looks
.
②他張了張嘴，似乎要對我說些什么，然后搖頭走開了。（動作
鏈描寫）
He opened his mouth and then went
away， shaking his head.
as if/though it were
broken　
as if to say something to me　
③他凝視著她，愣住了。他覺得好像他的心都不跳了。
He stared at her， shocked. He felt
.
④看天空中的云！看起來好像要下雨了。
Look at the clouds in the sky！It looks .
as if/though his heart had
stopped　
as if/though it is going to rain　
the way 作先行詞的定語從句
【教材原句】　Turning 18 also changed the way that society viewed
me. 滿18歲后，社會對待我的方式也改變了。
【用法】
（1）句中that society viewed me為定語從句，修飾先行詞the way；
從句引導詞為that，在從句中作狀語。
（2）way（方式，方法）后的定語從句的引導詞有兩種：
①在way后面的從句中，如果引導詞作主語、賓語或表語，要用that
或which引導定語從句，引導詞作賓語時可以省略。
②在way后面的從句中，如果引導詞作狀語，則用that或in which引導
定語從句，也可以省略引導詞。
【品悟】　I don’t like the way （that/in which） you talk to the
librarian of our university library. 我不喜歡你和我們大學圖書館的圖書
館管理員說話的方式。
【寫美】　句型轉換/微寫作
①The way that the professor explained the question was quite simple.
→The way the professor explained the question was quite
simple.
②近年來，人們生活中的交流方式發生了巨大的變化。我們也需要改
變我們思考問題的方式。
Great changes have taken place in the way of communication in people’s
lives in recent years.We also need to change the way
.
③他向我們解釋的那種方法很簡單。
was quite simple.
in which　
（that/in which）
we think about matters　
The way （which/that） he explained to us　
課時檢測·提能力
培育學科素養
4
維度一：品句填詞
1. Respecting others is a （美德） and being respected is a
great pleasure.
2. It was （自私的） of Mary to ask you to pick her up at the
airport when you were sick.
3. The application of intelligent robots in libraries makes the job
of （圖書館管理員） easier and easier.
virtue　
selfish　
librarians　
4. Undoubtedly， it is not （合法的） for restaurants to hire
teenagers under 16 years old in China.
5. Last year I passed the driving test and got a driving （執
照）.
6. The two women used some blankets to cover the injured， while others
were waiting for the （救護車） to arrive.
7. Mr White’s short-term aim is to make more money and pay off the
home （貸款） as soon as possible.
legal　
licence　
ambulance　
loan　
8. Having turned 18， I feel I’m m enough to be independent of
my parents.
9. Costs should be kept to a m ， but the quality must be
guaranteed.
10. Nowadays few people are able to maintain friendships into
a .
ature　
inimum　
dulthood　
維度二：詞形轉換
1. The company’s （commit） to providing quality at
a reasonable price has been vital to its success.
2. Being the world’s first astronaut， Gagarin （instant）
became an international celebrity.
3. Helen is not （suit）for being the monitor because she is
not very popular with her classmates.
4. Many contestants are evaluated by the （approve） they
get through online voting， ignoring their true quality.
commitment　
instantly　
suitable　
approval　
5. It’s （legal） to hunt and kill rare animals.
6. We are （gradual） changing over to a completely
metric system.
7. During his （elect） campaign he promised to put the
economy back on its feet.
8. The economy of China has developed （steady） in recent
years.
illegal　
gradually　
election　
steadily　
維度三：固定搭配和句式
1. （每天早上鍛煉） helps make us
healthy.
2. She doesn’t consider that I （在這件事
上有發言權）.
3. （無疑地） Lisa is a top student， and she has set a
good example for the others in our class.
4. As an adult， you should （為……負責）
what you have done.
Taking exercise every morning　
have a say on the matter　
No doubt　
take responsibility for　
5. My mother was very angry yesterday
（好像我犯了一個大錯誤）.
6. Plenty of students do not like
（父母對他們說話的方式）.
as if I had made a big
mistake　
the way （that/in which） their parents
talk to them　
維度四：課文語法填空
　　In most countries， turning 18 1. （mark） the start of
adulthood.In this passage， three young people tell us 2.
turning 18 means， or meant， to them.
marks　
what　
　　16-year-old girl Bethany says turning 18 means she is old enough
3. （vote） in the election and have a say on how the
government spends the taxes.Though Bethany’s mum， an ambulance
driver， worries about her 4. （be） behind the wheel，
Bethany thinks she can take 5. （responsible） for her
life and the lives of other people.
to vote　
being　
responsibility　
Lin Ning， 19-year-old from Shanghai in China， celebrated his 18th
birthday just before he 6. （go） to university.He expected to
feel 7. （instant） different， but it wasn’t like that.In
fact， the change has been more gradual and subtle than he
imagined.Instead of being the selfish teenager he used to be， he has
begun to feel more aware 8. other people and to develop a stronger
sense of social responsibility.
went　
instantly　
of　
Morgan， 20-year-old from Florida in the US， used to believe he
should become 9. （independence） at the age of
18， but the reality for him has been very different.Because he contributes
to the household bills and his commute to work is quite expensive， he
finds 10. hard to save any money.
more independent　
it　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　Some of my earliest memories involve sitting with my dad in his
study every night when he came home from the office. I’d watch as he
put his personal items away： his watch， wallet， comb and car keys.
They would always occupy the same spot on the table every time.
　　Dad’s comb was jade green.I heard he bought it when he married
Mum.Every night， he would smile， hand me the comb and say， “Be
a good girl and help Daddy clean it， OK？”
　　I was more than happy to do it.At age five， this kind of task brought
me such joy.I would excitedly turn the tap on， and then brush the comb
with a used toothbrush as hard as I could.Satisfied that I’d done a good
job， I would proudly return the comb to Dad.He would smile at me，
and place the comb on top of his wallet.
　　About two years later， Dad left his sales job and started his own
wholesale business.I started primary school.That was when things started
to change.Dad’s business wasn’t doing so well， and our stable lives
started getting shaky.He didn’t come home as much as he used to.And
when he did come home， it was always late and I’d already be in bed.I
started to get mad.Why didn’t he listen to Mum and just stick to his old
job？ Why did he take the risk and place the whole family in trouble？
Over the years， I stopped waiting for him to come home， and stopped
going downstairs to check on him.
　　Now 28， I’ve graduated from college and got a job.Dad’s
business has also started to get back on track.Yet the uncomfortable
silence between Dad and me went on.
　　Two days before my birthday last year， Dad came home early.On
that evening， I helped him carry his bags into his study as usual.When I
turned to leave， he asked me to clean his comb.I looked at him for a
while， then took the comb and headed to the sink.
　　It was the same comb.After cleaning it， I passed it back to Dad.He
looked at it and smiled.But this time， I noticed something different.My
dad had aged.He had wrinkles next to his eyes when he smiled， yet his
smile was still as heart-warming as before.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章以一把梳子為線索，講述了作
者小時候喜歡在晚上給父親清理梳子，后來爸爸為了讓家庭生活變
得更好，辭職創業，和作者的關系也疏遠了。作者長大找到了一份
工作后最終理解了父親。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章以一把梳子為線索，講述了作
者小時候喜歡在晚上給父親清理梳子，后來爸爸為了讓家庭生活變
得更好，辭職創業，和作者的關系也疏遠了。作者長大找到了一份
工作后最終理解了父親。
1. What can we learn from the first three paragraphs？
A. The author would study with Dad every evening.
B. The precious green comb of Dad was made of jade.
C. The earliest memories with Dad were full of joy.
D. The author was unwilling to clean the comb for Dad.
解析：　細節理解題。根據前三段內容尤其是第三段中的I was
more than happy to do it.At age five， this kind of task brought me
such joy.可知，作者小時候與父親的相處是非常愉快的。
2. What probably made Dad decide to start his own business？
A. He was eager to get everything on track.
B. He wanted to keep his family life stable.
C. He was laid off and had to make a living.
D. He hoped to earn a better life for the family.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第四段中的Dad’s business wasn’t
doing so well， and our stable lives started getting shaky.可知，作者
一家之前的生活是穩定的，后來爸爸為了讓家庭生活變得更好，因
此辭職創業。
3. What emotional changes did the author experience when staying with
Dad these years？
A. Cheerful→mad→warm.
B. Mad→satisfied→warm.
C. Satisfied→worried→angry.
D. Warm→concerned→uncomfortable.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據第三段中的I was more than happy to
do it.和第四段中的I started to get mad.以及最后一段中的yet his
smile was still as heart-warming as before可推知，作者這些年和爸爸
在一起的情感變化是“快樂→生氣→溫暖”。
4. Which could be the best title for the text？
A. My Dad’s Comb
B. Dad’s Wholesale Business
C. Changes of My Dad
D. My Earliest Memories with Dad
解析：　標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文以一把梳子為線索，
講述了作者小時候喜歡在晚上給父親清理梳子，后來爸爸為了讓家
庭生活變得更好，辭職創業，和作者的關系也疏遠了。作者長大找
到了一份工作后最終理解了父親。因此C項（父親的變化）為本文
最佳標題。
B
　　In a new study of more than 50，000 Korean adolescents， those
who used a smartphone for more than 4 hours per day had higher rates of
adverse mental health and substance use.Jin Hwa Moon and Jong Ho Cha
of Hanyang University Medical Center， Korea， and colleagues
presented these findings in the open-access journal PLOS ONE on 6
December 2023.
　　Previous research has shown that smartphone use among adolescents
has increased in recent years， and that this usage may be associated with
higher risk of adverse health， such as psychiatric disorders （精神紊
亂）， sleep issues， and eye-related problems.
　　However， growing evidence suggests that at least some daily
Internet usage may be associated with better physical and mental health for
adolescents.
　　To deepen understanding of the relationship between adolescents’
use of smartphones and health， Moon， Cha and colleagues analyzed
data on more than 50，000 adolescent participants in 2017 and in
2020.The data included the approximate number of daily hours each
participant spent on a smartphone as well as various health measures.
　　The researchers found that in 2020， the percentage of adolescents in
the study who used a smartphone more than 2 hours per day was 85.7
percent — up from 64.3 percent in 2017.Adolescents who used a
smartphone for more than 4 hours per day had higher rates of stress，
thoughts of suicide， and substance use than those with usage below 4
hours per day.However， adolescents that used a smartphone 1－2 hours
per day encountered fewer problems than adolescents who did not use a
smartphone at all.　
　　The authors note that this study does not confirm a causal relationship
between smartphone use and adverse health outcomes.However， the
findings could help inform usage guidelines for adolescents — especially if
daily usage continues to rise.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。一項針對5萬多名韓國青少年的新研
究中，那些每天使用智能手機超過4小時的人有更高的不良心理健康
和物質使用率。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。一項針對5萬多名韓國青少年的新研
究中，那些每天使用智能手機超過4小時的人有更高的不良心理健康
和物質使用率。
5. What does the underlined word “adverse” in Paragraph 1 probably
mean？
A. Related. B. Negative.
C. Favorable. D. Positive.
解析：　詞義猜測題。根據倒數第二段中的Adolescents who used
a smartphone ...than those with usage below 4 hours per day.可知，
畫線詞所在句子表示“那些每天使用智能手機超過4小時的人有更
高的不良心理健康和物質使用率”。畫線詞adverse和negative意思
相近。
6. What can be inferred about the results of the new study？
A. Smartphone use is harmful to teenagers.
B. A growing number of teenagers use smartphones.
C. A proper amount of smartphone use is beneficial.
D. The more use of smartphones， the higher risks of mental health.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段最后一句可知，適量使用
智能手機是有益的。
7. How did researchers carry out the study？
A. By comparing different studies.
B. By studying adolescents’ health.
C. By analyzing previous information.
D. By collecting data from participants.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據第四段內容可知，研究人員通過收集
參與者的數據來進行這項研究。
8. What would be the best title for the text？
A. Smartphone Use Among Teenagers On the Rise
B. Smartphone Use Accounting for Poor Mental Health
C. Right Smartphone Use Leading to Fewer Problems in Teenagers
D. Overuse of Smartphones Linked to Mental Health Risks in Teenagers
解析：　標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講的是在一項針
對5萬多名韓國青少年的新研究中，那些每天使用智能手機超過4小
時的人有更高的不良心理健康和物質使用率。因此D項（過度使用
手機與青少年心理健康風險有關）為文章最佳標題。
C
　　Does a happy person live longer？ Many studies have convinced us
that happiness brings good health， which has resulted in an increasing
demand for speakers and products encouraging positive
thinking.However， being happy does not promise that one is going to be
healthy.There are other factors that influence one’s health and long life
such as a person’s genes or even a person’s socio-economic condition.
　　Some research even suggests that positive thinking can be
dangerous.Positive thinking， when taken to the extreme， can cause a
person to be separated from reality.For example， a person who thinks
that staying happy and positive can help him recover from an illness like
cancer but later fails to recover from it， may blame himself for not being
happy.In this case， positive thinking may potentially make the victim
disregard other factors.Sometimes the pursuit of happiness is even
associated with serious mental health problems such as depression.
　　All types of happiness are not good for us either.For example，
pride， a pleasant feeling， can sometimes rob us of the ability to
empathize with others or understand another’s viewpoint.This anti-social
behavior can cause people around us to turn away from us， and this
could， in turn， make us feel lonely and do harm to our mental and even
physical health.
　　Moreover， unpleasant feelings can be beneficial to a person’s well-
being.Researchers believe that unpleasant feelings can help us make sense
of our challenges and experiences in a way that supports psychological
well-being.For example， if I have behaved badly towards my good
friend， the feelings of guilt and sadness might motivate me to apologize
and ask for forgiveness.The rebuilding of a broken relationship can be a
lift to one’s mental well-being.
　　In trying to experience happiness， we should remember that seeking
for happiness as an end in itself can be self-defeating， and does not
necessarily lead to better health.After all， one will surely experience
setbacks and conflicts in life.Instead， learning to cope with negative
emotions with a realistic positive attitude is key to a person’s good health.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章提出了快樂并不能保證一個人
就會健康，還有其他因素影響一個人的健康和長壽，例如一個人的
基因，甚至一個人的社會經濟狀況。學會用現實的積極態度應對消
極情緒是一個人健康的關鍵。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章提出了快樂并不能保證一個人
就會健康，還有其他因素影響一個人的健康和長壽，例如一個人的
基因，甚至一個人的社會經濟狀況。學會用現實的積極態度應對消
極情緒是一個人健康的關鍵。
9. What’s the writer’s opinion in this passage？
A. Negative thinking can be dangerous.
B. Staying happy can bring good health.
C. Unpleasant feelings cannot be beneficial.
D. Happiness cannot ensure one’s good health.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第一段最后兩句可知，作者認為快樂
并不能保證一個人的健康。
10. When can positive thinking be dangerous according to the passage？
A. When we use it with a realistic attitude to solve problems.
B. When we focus on it as an only determinant of happy life.
C. When we think it one of the necessary factors for good health.
D. When we realize it may rob us of the ability to understand others.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第二段列舉的例子可知，當我們
將積極思考視為幸福生活的唯一決定因素時，積極思考可能是
危險的。
11. How can unpleasant feelings be beneficial to a person’s well-being？
A. They rebuild a broken relationship.
B. They lead to self-reflection and personal growth.
C. They help keep the problems and challenges away.
D. They prevent long-term negative effects on mental health.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段內容可知，不愉快的感
覺能導致自我反思和個人成長，這有益于一個人的幸福。
12. Which of the following has the similar meaning of “an end in itself”
underlined in the last paragraph？
A. An ultimate goal.
B. An individual plan.
C. A final decision.
D. A great start.
解析：　詞義猜測題。根據第一段內容可知，快樂不一定會讓
我們健康，我們不能把追求快樂當作目的。此處與首段相呼應，
an end in itself意為“目的”，A項（一個最終目標）與畫線部分
意思相近。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　Living with young adults is different from living with the children
they once were. 　13　.The rules make your entire household run
well.Here are four most important rules to establish to help you and your
teens get comfortable.
　　Ask for rent or help with bills
Get them to pay the cost of living if they have an income.This lets
them contribute to the household while also saving up.But this is also an
opportunity to train them for a more independent life， where bills are a
reality.Make it clear that this isn’t a free ride.Don’t forget things like
electric or water bills. 　14　.
　　
　　 Discuss food arrangements
Tell them how much you’re willing to feed or cook for them.When
they are living alone， they’ll have to feed themselves.Will they buy
their own groceries？ Will they cook their own meals？ 　15　.Ask them
to prepare those meals for the household 2－3 nights a week.
　　Assign housework
　　 　16　.List all the tasks and choose 4－5 to assign to your
teens.Or， prepare them for independent life by letting them handle all
their own daily work： they wash their own clothes， clean their own
living space， etc.Create a schedule for when they ought to be completed.
　　 　17　
　　Let them know that they can’t hang around the house all day.It’s
time for them to contribute to the household， and that means finding
jobs， or studying to help them find work later.Suggest that they get an
entry-level， part-time job.If you’re able， offer to help them pay for
school.
A. You’ll need to set some basic rules
B. Order your young adults to go to college
C. Teach your teens to cook some basic meals
D. Encourage them to find work or get education
E. If necessary， have your teens pay their own part
F. You are providing for them as they live under your roof
G. Prepare your teens for the work involved in running a household
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了四條幫助你和你的
青少年獲得舒適感的重要規則。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了四條幫助你和你的
青少年獲得舒適感的重要規則。
13. A　下文提到The rules，空處應承接下文，A項（你需要制定一些
基本規則）符合語境。A項中的some basic rules與空后一句中的The
rules相呼應。
14. E　上文說明電費水費也需要孩子們分擔，E項（如有必要，讓你
的青少年自己支付）承接上文，符合語境。
15. C　上文提出了兩個問題，下文提到讓孩子們自己去準備飯菜，C
項（教你的青少年做一些基本的飯菜）回應了上文的問題，符合語
境，且some basic meals與下文those meals相呼應。
16. G　本段小標題Assign housework說明家長要給孩子分配任務，空
處是對小標題的進一步解釋，G項（讓你的青少年做好參與家庭經營
工作的準備）符合語境。
17. D　下文說明不能讓孩子整天待在家里，要讓他們去找工作或者
去學習，D項（鼓勵他們找工作或接受教育）符合語境。
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