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2025--2026年高二人教版必修第三冊(cè)英語(yǔ) Unit 4 Space Exploration 單元基礎(chǔ)綜合練習(xí)1【含答案Word版】
一、完形（15空）（本大題共1小題）
閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
Alina's life as an angel of love began in middle school，when，in the planting club of her school，she learned how to grow eggplants.
From then on，she was 1 in growing the eggplants.Later she found a big piece of land in the home backyard to plant seeds，hoping to 2 her crop in fall.
This was 3 than it sounds.She spent all her spare time caring for the plants and she became thinner.However，her great work 24 .Much more than the family can consume，she suddenly had an idea that she should sell some eggplants to 4 funds for local Rescue Center for Blind Children.Her father Barret strongly supported her 26 ，and did some 5 on social media，but he didn't expect his daughter's crop to become a big 28 .
Alina's eggplants 6 well，though eggplants aren't the only choice when people buy vegetables.After all，they knew the earnings were for a good 30 .Within a week，those eggplants helped her raise $1,000! Her father and she 7 every penny to the center.
What she did was very 8 to the center.The head said fundraising 9 much to providing treatment for blind children and her donation can make a difference.
Alina felt very happy，planning to do it with her family all over again next year! In her words，“I get a lot from this 34 ，I'll try my best to use my own hands to help the blind children in the poor 35 .”
1．A．a(chǎn)nnoyed B．stressed C．interested D．weak
2．A．taste B．show C．deliver D．harvest
3．A．harder B．better C．longer D．cheaper
4．A．slowed down B．paid off C．moved on D．faded away
5．A．lend B．post C．return D．raise
6．A．excuse B．problem C．plan D．hobby
7．A．a(chǎn)dvertising B．shopping C．searching D．caring
8．A．deal B．fish C．hit D．hand
9．A．planted B．looked C．grew D．sold
10．A．interest B．cause C．job D．way
11．A．withdrew B．donated C．received D．a(chǎn)ppreciated
12．A．helpful B．financial C．technical D．temporary
13．A．contributes B．connects C．occupies D．removes
14．A．a(chǎn)mbition B．permission C．experience D．invitation
15．A．stores B．families C．schools D．cities
二、閱讀單選（本大題共4小題）
Volunteering is a great way to develop new skills, gain experience and connect with others. If you are interested in volunteering, here are some recommended opportunities.
Invasive Species Management
Placencia, Belize
Make a difference by removing lion-fish, an invasive species destroying reef ecosystems of the Caribbean. Learn to dive while removing lion-fish. Each week will differ but you will be participating in the following areas: Removing Invasive Lion-fish, Whale Shark Observation (if spotted), Biodiversity Identification Dive and Beach Clean-ups.
Marine Research Expedition
Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy
You will join an international crew aboard a sailboat to work for the protection of our seas. And you will learn to collect data, organize and enjoy the sea at its best! Experience the sailing life in one of the world’s best spots for water sports. Gain experience in Marine Research in the field (under water). Get close up to dolphins and whales in the wild.
Wildlife Supporter
Port Elizabeth，South Africa
Volunteer at a Game Reserve that hosts the Big 5 and support the local staff in monitoring the animals. Work up close with the famous Big 5! Join our reserve for orphaned and injured non-dangerous animals. Make a difference in the rescue, recovery and release of wildlife, giving them a second chance at being free and wild again.
Climate and Environmentalist Supporter
Hanga Roa, Chile
Be a volunteer on the amazing Easter Island in the middle of the Pacific Ocean and get involved in climate and nature protection. Responsibilities include teamwork in the climate protection program, collection of plant seeds, control of seed settlement on the plantation, conservation of native seeds and plants and reforestation work.
10．What activity will volunteers do depending on good luck
A．Collect data on a marine animal.
B．Observe whale sharks carefully.
C．Clean dolphins stuck on the beach.
D．Dive under water to see lion-fish.
11．What is Tyrrhenian Sea famous for
A．Its marine life in deep water.
B．Its wild dolphins and whales.
C．Its perfect place for sailing.
D．Its best spot for marine research.
12．Which activity is suitable for volunteers with medical experiences
A．Wildlife Supporter.
B．Marine Research Expedition.
C．Invasive Species Management.
D．Climate and Environmentalist Supporter.
A
The Best Free Tourist Places in America
Alaska: Anchorage Market and Festival
Although Anchorage isn't the capital of Alaska, it is the state's largest city with the largest population. The Anchorage Market and Festival is open and free of charge at weekends. Anchorage is at the beginning of the Tony Knowles Coastal Trail, where walks can last between two hours and a half day. It's free, of course.
Arkansas: The Walmart Museum
Lying in the northwest corner of Arkansas is Bentonville, which gave birth to a little mall you may have heard of. It's Walmart, one of the biggest companies in the world at present. It is free to visit the Walmart Museum, which attracts thousands of visitors every year. And just outside the town is the well known Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art, which is also free.
Connecticut: Yale University
New Haven, Connecticut was the first place in the US to offer pizza to the hungry and the homeless, including students of Yale University. While in New Haven you can go on a tour of the campus (校園), where many beautiful buildings have existed for a long time. It's the university where former President Bush, journalist Bob Woodward, and painter Samuel F.B. Morse studied.
Kansas: Santa Fe Trail
Western Kansas has very little light pollution. So as you travel along, stop once in a while and stare at the night sky. The Santa Fe Trail goes through Kansas and you can still walk the longest remaining distance of the road just outside Dodge City.
13．What may especially attract visitors to Bentonville
A．The chance to find many interesting goods.
B．The chance to get trained in a large company.
C．The chance to get something free in Walmart.
D．The chance to get a good knowledge of Walmart.
14．What can people do in New Haven
A．Enjoy free pizza.
B．Appreciate old buildings.
C．Meet famous people.
D．Attend some free classes.
15．Which place is more attractive to those who enjoy the peaceful night sky
A．Western Kansas.　　　B．Bentonville.
C．Anchorage. D．New Haven.
Astronomers long thought that an odd star system observed by the European Space Agency’s Gaia satellite was a simple case of a star orbiting a black hole. But two astronomers are challenging that claim, finding that the evidence suggests something far stranger: a never-before-seen type of star made of invisible dark matter. The system consists of a sun-like star, and its mysterious dark companion, which is much more massive.
What could that dark companion be Maybe, as suggested, it’s a clump (團(tuán)) of dark matter. Dark matter is an invisible form of matter that makes up the vast majority of the mass of every single galaxy (星系). We still don’t have a solid understanding of its identity. Most theoretical models assume that dark matter is smoothly distributed in each galaxy, but there are models that allow it to come together on itself.
One of these models supposes that dark matter in this case is a new kind of boson (玻色子). These bosons would have the ability to form clumps. Some of them could be the size of entire star systems, but some could be much smaller. The smallest ones could be as small as stars, and they get a new name: boson stars. Boson stars would be entirely invisible. Because dark matter doesn’t interact with other substances or light, we could detect them only through the gravitational influence on their surroundings. The researchers pointed out that a simple model of boson dark matter could produce enough boson stars to make the two astronomers’ finding reasonable.
While it’s unlikely that this is actually the discovery of a boson star, follow-up observations are still urged. Most importantly, this unique system gives us a rare opportunity to study the behaviour of strong gravity, allowing us to examine Einstein’s theory of general relativity to see if it holds. Secondly, if it is a boson star, this system is the perfect experimental set-up. We can keep studying our models of boson stars, see how well they can explain the orbital dynamics of this system and use that information to glimpse into the dark corners of the universe.
16．What does the evidence show about the odd star system
A．Its mass is less than the sun.
B．It is a simple case for astronomers.
C．It is made of a star and a black hole.
D．Its star is made of invisible dark matter.
17．What can we infer about dark matter from paragraph 2
A．It can be gathered.
B．It is solid and inactive.
C．It can be a clump of visible matter.
D．It makes up a minority of the galaxy’s mass.
18．What are boson stars
A．The smallest dark matter.
B．The smallest boson clumps.
C．The smallest boson models.
D．The smallest star systems.
19．What does the author convey in the last paragraph
A．Einstein’s theory holds true.
B．Boson stars have been confirmed.
C．More relevant studies will be needed.
D．A perfect model contains a boson star.
[四川成都第七中學(xué)2024高一期中]In today’s motivational literature, failure is often viewed as something to be celebrated. Inspirational speakers are fond of quoting the words of the novelist Samuel Beckett—“Fail again. Fail better.” It seems that disappointments are an essential stepping stone to success, a turning point in our life story that will ultimately end in victory.
However, psychological researches find most of us struggle to handle failure constructively. In other words, we fail to “fail forward”. We find ways to devalue the task at which we failed, and become less motivated to persevere (堅(jiān)持) and reach our goals. This phenomenon is known as the “sour-grape effect”, which was discovered by Professor Hallgeir Sjastad.
Sjastad explains that “sour-grape effect” is a self-protective mechanism (機(jī)制). “Most of us picture ourselves as able people, so when feedback (反饋) from others suggests the opposite, it poses a serious threat to that self-image,” he says. “The easiest way out is to deny or explain away the outside signal, so we can keep a positive sense of self. We do this even without noticing.”
If you have one bad interview for your dream job, you might convince yourself that you don’t really want it at all, and stop applying for similar positions. The same goes if you fail to impress at a sports trial, or if you lose a singing contest. “We tend to explain away our shortcomings and convince ourselves our ‘Plan C’ is actually our ‘Plan A’,” Sjastad says.
It doesn’t mean we should persevere in goals all the time. It can be healthy to change if the process is no longer making us happy. But the “sour-grape effect” may lead us to come to this decision prematurely, rather than hanging on a little and seeing whether we might learn and improve.
Failures are unavoidable. By learning to face the disappointment instead of devaluing its importance and pretending nothing happened, however, you may find it easier to achieve your goals.
20．Why does the author mention the speech of inspirational speakers in Paragraph 1
A．To offer an approach to handling failure.
B．To introduce a common attitude towards failure.
C．To emphasize the importance of experiencing failure.
D．To discuss the relationship between success and failure.
21．What can we learn from Paragraph 3 about the “sour-grape effect”
A．It does harm to our self-image.
B．It pictures us as perfect people.
C．It protects us from false feedback.
D．It makes us refuse negative feedback to ourselves.
22．What does the underlined word “prematurely” in Paragraph 5 mean
A．Hurriedly. B．Mistakenly. C．Unhappily. D．Carelessly.
23．Which statement would the author most probably agree with
A．Get ready to replace “Plan A” with “Plan C”.
B．Never forget to maintain a positive sense of self.
C．Don’t quit when goals no longer make you happy.
D．Don’t escape when our self-image gets challenged.
三、七選五閱讀（本大題共1小題）
Wish to be humorous but often find your joke never works Some people even think being funny is something people are born with，not to be learned. 1
Tell funny stories.Sometimes，the funniest thing you can do is to tell a funny story. 2 However，your audience will likely find that something that actually happened will be a little more humorous.Think of a few true funny things and tell those stories when it is proper.
Make the end funny.When you try to surprise your friends with a funny story or joke，put the surprise at the end. 3 You might say “And do you know what was in my car when I opened the door，Rebecca A cat！” This will be funnier than saying “And，Rebecca，a cat was in my car when I opened the door！”
4 Check out comedy clubs in your area and study the comedians.What kind of jokes or stories worked with the audience and what didn’t Notice what things made you laugh the most and tell similar stories and jokes in your personal life.You can also watch comedy shows online if you can’t find a local club.
Keep a journal to record funny things.Not only will this help you remember funny stories to tell later，it will also train you to look for comedic moments in your own life. 5 Every time you notice and write down something humorous，you’ll get more practice.
A．Go to a local comedy club.
B．Use your body language to be funny.
C．Sharing jokes is great at some point，too.
D．It might be difficult for you to make others laugh aloud.
E．Over time，this will help you have a better sense of humor.
F．However，the truth is that you can learn to be a funnier person.
G．This will make sure they don’t laugh until you’re finished with your sentence.
四、選詞填空完成句子（本大題共5小題）
從方框中選出合適短語(yǔ)，并用其正確形式填空，其中兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)為多余選項(xiàng)。
be fond of ever since in ruins make up one’s mind right away as usual dig out
24．Once she has ,nothing can change it.
25． middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.
26．Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it .
27．The army organized teams to those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
28．In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay .
用所給短語(yǔ)的正確形式完成句子，其中三個(gè)選項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
a variety of concentrate on lose track of in authority in advance make one’s fortune in harmony with have an effect on
29．Perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people have worked nature.
30．How would you feel if moving to a new town meant your friend
31．The next morning I was to start for the West to .
32．People do what they want and have fun when someone is absent.
33．Weifang is home to kites, where you can buy kites.
用下列單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成下列句子，每個(gè)單詞只能用一次。
globe slim major recycle determine be fluent in brush up reflect on work out annual
34．Apart from knowing some Greek, she Italian and German.
35．To the difficult maths problem, I have consulted my teacher several times.
36．The of the students think highly of what the girl did in the story.
37．The prize is awarded . If you lose a chance this year, you can try next year.
38．Our Chances of winning are than theirs.
39．Jack can’t go to the cinema with you because he needs to on his notes for tomorrow’s exam.
40．She was left to the result of her wrong decision.
41．The threat of warming will eventually force the US to slow down its energy consumption.
42．One important thing in our life is to have a great aim, and the to achieve it.
43．Plastic bottles can be into clothing.
選詞填空
admit affair confirm consist happen humiliate maintain surround
44．He said he didn’t want to her in front of her colleagues.
45．My aunt to be out when I paid her a visit last weekend.
46．Few people nowadays are able to friendships into adulthood.
47．China is playing an increasingly important role in international .
48．So far, no one breaking the window, which annoys him very much.
49．Usually, an article of 3 parts, an introduction, a body and a conclusion.
50．When I was small, I by love and kindness and I felt really happy.
51．If you have booked a room in advance, please call me to your reservation.
短語(yǔ)填空
pass down in the air take advantage of hang over make up for pull up in honour of be rooted in anything but not to mention
52．The taxi and the driver jumped out.
53．The new restaurant has amazing food and great views, its perfect location.
54．The parents who work all day buy many toys to the time that they could not stay with their children together.
55．Proud and arrogant people never hear praise.
56．Honey, relax yourself. Don’t let the unfinished work you.
57．The image of a cowboy hero, as well as cowboy traditions, the rich history of the American West.
58．They finally realized they could the win-win opportunity to achieve their own goal.
59．Humans their skills and knowledge to the next generations through education.
60．He prepared a speech the soldiers who had died in the war.
61．The light was faint and there was romance .
五、單句（本大題共5小題）
62． (ensure) a correct understanding of the new regulations, we need to clarify some ambiguous points of view and put the system into practice. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
63．Write home as often as possible so as (relieve) your mother from anxiety. （用所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空）
64．Do you know Marie Curie was the first woman (win) the Nobel Prize
65．I was pleased description that I got this job.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）
66．Therefore, the Monkey King as a symbol of being brave and (determine)is deeply loved by our Chinese. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
六、應(yīng)用文寫作（本大題共1小題）
67．假定你是李華，你的朋友John吸煙上癮，已有兩年的煙齡，想戒煙但是很難戒掉。請(qǐng)你給他寫一封信，要點(diǎn)如下：
1. 表示關(guān)心；2. 提出合理化建議；3. 表達(dá)愿望和祝福。
注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。3. 信的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
參考答案
一、完形（15空）
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))的辨析、名詞的詞義辨析、形容詞的詞義辨析、生活故事、記敘文
【答案】1．C
2．D
3．A
4．B
5．D
6．C
7．A
8．C
9．D
10．B
11．B
12．A
13．A
14．C
15．B
【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述Alina賣掉自己種的茄子，并把賣茄子的錢捐給當(dāng)?shù)氐拿ね行模瑸樨毨Ъ彝サ拿ね峁椭?br/>【解析】1．根據(jù)下文“Later she found a big piece of land in the home backyard to plant seeds，hoping to her crop in fall.”可知，后來(lái)Alina開(kāi)始在家里種茄子，說(shuō)明Alina對(duì)種茄子感興趣。故選C。
2．根據(jù)“Later she found a big piece of land in the home backyard to plant seeds”及“in fall”可知，Alina播種是為了在秋天收獲。故選D。
3．根據(jù)下文“She spent all her spare time caring for the plants and she became thinner.”可知，Alina在培育茄子時(shí)花了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，人也變瘦了，說(shuō)明種茄子很難。故選A。
4．根據(jù)下文“Much more than the family can consume，she suddenly had an idea that she should sell some eggplants”可知，Alina培育的茄子產(chǎn)量很高，故推知Alina的勞動(dòng)獲得了回報(bào)。故選B。
5．根據(jù)“for local Rescue Center for Blind Children”和下文的“raise $1,000”可知，Alina打算為該中心籌集資金。故選D。
6．根據(jù)上文“she suddenly had an idea that she should sell some eggplants to funds for local Rescue Center for Blind Children”可知，為當(dāng)?shù)氐拿と藘和仍行幕I集資金還只是Alina的一個(gè)想法和打算，故推知Barret支持的是Alina的計(jì)劃和打算。故選C。
7．根據(jù)“but he didn't expect his daughter's crop to become a big ”可知，女兒的收成成了網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的大熱門，故推知父親在網(wǎng)上為女兒宣傳。故選A。
8．根據(jù)“Within a week，those eggplants helped her raise $1,000！”可知，茄子賣得很好，一周就籌集了1 000美元，故推知Alina的茄子極受歡迎，成了大熱門。故選C。
9．根據(jù)下文“Within a week，those eggplants helped her raise $1,000！”可知，茄子賣得很好。故選D。
10．Alina打算將賣茄子的錢捐給當(dāng)?shù)氐拿と藘和仍行模@些收入是用來(lái)做慈善事業(yè)的。故選B。
11．根據(jù)下文“The head said fundraising much to providing treatment for blind children and her donation can make a difference.”可知，Alina將賺的錢都捐了出去。故選B。
12．根據(jù)“her donation can make a difference”可知，Alina的捐款起到了很大的作用。故推知Alina所作的事情對(duì)盲童救援中心很有幫助。故選A。
13．根據(jù)“her donation can make a difference”可知，籌款為盲童提供治療做出了很大貢獻(xiàn)。contribute to有助于。故選A。
14．根據(jù)上文可知，文章主要講述Alina賣茄子，為盲童捐款，幫助盲童的故事和經(jīng)歷。故選C。
15．根據(jù)文章整體的描述可知，籌集資金應(yīng)該是為了幫助貧困家庭的盲童。故選B。
二、閱讀單選
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】應(yīng)用文、推理判斷、社會(huì)、細(xì)節(jié)理解
【答案】
10．B
11．C
12．A
【詳解】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)志愿者項(xiàng)目的情況以及要求。
10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Invasive Species Management部分的Whale Shark Observation (if spotted)可知，如果志愿者們運(yùn)氣好，他們可以近距離看到鯨鯊。故選B。
11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Marine Research Expedition部分的Experience the sailing life in one of the world’s best spots for water sports.可知，Tyrrhenian Sea以其完美的航行場(chǎng)所而聞名。故選C。
12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)Wildlife Supporter部分的Make a difference in the rescue, recovery and release of wildlife, giving them a second chance at being free and wild again.可知，野生動(dòng)物支持者適合有醫(yī)療經(jīng)驗(yàn)的志愿者。故選A。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】旅游、細(xì)節(jié)理解、說(shuō)明文
【答案】
13．D；
14．B；
15．A　
【詳解】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，向我們介紹了美國(guó)最好的幾個(gè)免費(fèi)旅游景點(diǎn)。
13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Arkansas: The Walmart Museum部分中的It is free to visit the Walmart Museum, which attracts thousands of visitors every year.可知，游客可以在這里免費(fèi)參觀沃爾瑪博物館，了解沃爾瑪公司。故選D項(xiàng)。
14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Connecticut: Yale University部分中的While in New Haven you can go on a tour of the campus, where many beautiful buildings have existed for a long time.可知，在紐黑文市，游客可以參觀耶魯大學(xué)的校園，欣賞古老的建筑。故選B項(xiàng)。
15．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Kansas：Santa Fe Trail部分中的Western Kansas has very little light pollution. So as you travel along, stop once in a while and stare at the night sky.可知，堪薩斯西部的光污染并不嚴(yán)重，所以游客可以在那里盡情欣賞夜空。故選A項(xiàng)。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】工作與職業(yè)、推理判斷、科普知識(shí)、細(xì)節(jié)理解、說(shuō)明文
【答案】
16．D
17．A
18．B
19．C
【詳解】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，天文學(xué)家一直認(rèn)為，歐洲航天局蓋亞衛(wèi)星觀測(cè)到的一個(gè)奇怪的恒星系統(tǒng)是一顆恒星圍繞黑洞運(yùn)行的簡(jiǎn)單例子。但兩位天文學(xué)家正在挑戰(zhàn)這一說(shuō)法，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)證據(jù)表明了一些更奇怪的東西：一種從未見(jiàn)過(guò)的恒星，由看不見(jiàn)的暗物質(zhì)組成。這個(gè)系統(tǒng)由一顆類似太陽(yáng)的恒星和它神秘的暗物質(zhì)伴星組成，后者的質(zhì)量要大得多。
16．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中But two astronomers are challenging that claim, finding that the evidence suggests something far stranger: a never-before-seen type of star made of invisible dark matter. The system consists of a sun-like star, and its mysterious dark companion, which is much more massive.可知，關(guān)于這個(gè)奇怪的恒星系統(tǒng)，這些證據(jù)表明了它的恒星是由看不見(jiàn)的暗物質(zhì)構(gòu)成的。故選D項(xiàng)。
17．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中Dark matter is an invisible form of matter that makes up the vast majority of the mass of every single galaxy. We still don’t have a solid understanding of its identity. Most theoretical models assume that dark matter is smoothly distributed in each galaxy, but there are models that allow it to come together on itself.可知，從第二段我們可以推斷出暗物質(zhì)是可以聚集的。故選A項(xiàng)。
18．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中These bosons would have the ability to form clumps. Some of them could be the size of entire star systems, but some could be much smaller. The smallest ones could be as small as stars, and they get a new name: boson stars.可知，玻色子星是最小的玻色子團(tuán)。故選B項(xiàng)。
19．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Secondly, if it is a boson star, this system is the perfect experimental set-up. We can keep studying our models of boson stars, see how well they can explain the orbital dynamics of this system and use that information to glimpse into the dark corners of the universe.可推知，作者在最后一段傳達(dá)了需要更多相關(guān)研究的信息。故選C項(xiàng)。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】推理判斷、文學(xué)、詞句猜測(cè)、說(shuō)明文
【答案】
20．B
21．D
22．A
23．D
【詳解】本文是一篇議論文。大多數(shù)人難以積極地應(yīng)對(duì)失敗，在失敗時(shí)就會(huì)貶低自己的任務(wù)，缺乏動(dòng)力去堅(jiān)持目標(biāo)，這種心理現(xiàn)象就是酸葡萄效應(yīng)。但酸葡萄效應(yīng)可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響，所以我們要學(xué)會(huì)面對(duì)失敗，而不是一味地貶低失敗的事情并假裝一切沒(méi)有發(fā)生，這樣才能讓我們更容易達(dá)到我們的目標(biāo)。
20．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的In today’s motivational literature, failure is often viewed as something to be celebrated. Inspirational speakers are fond of quoting the words of the novelist Samuel Beckett—“Fail again. Fail better.”可知，作者提到勵(lì)志演講者引用的話是想證明如今的勵(lì)志文學(xué)常常將失敗視為值得慶祝的事情，由此可推測(cè)出，作者想要介紹對(duì)待失敗的普遍態(tài)度。故選B。
21．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的Sjastad explains that ‘sour-grape effect’ is a self-protective mechanism. “Most of us picture ourselves as able people, so when feedback from others suggests the opposite, it poses a serious threat to that self-image,” he says.和The easiest way out is to deny or explain away the outside signal, so we can keep a positive sense of self.可知，“酸葡萄效應(yīng)”是一種自我保護(hù)機(jī)制，當(dāng)外部反饋與自我形象不一致時(shí)，我們就會(huì)否認(rèn)或?yàn)檫@種外部信號(hào)辯解，從而保護(hù)自己。由此可推測(cè)出，“酸葡萄效應(yīng)”會(huì)否認(rèn)外界對(duì)于我們的負(fù)面反饋。故選D。
22．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞后的rather than hanging on a little and seeing whether we might learn and improve可知，而不是堅(jiān)持一會(huì)兒，看看我們是否可以學(xué)習(xí)和提高，這里應(yīng)與rather than后的內(nèi)容相反，表示的是我們會(huì)提前做出不再堅(jiān)持這種決定，prematurely意為“提前地。過(guò)早地，倉(cāng)促地”，與A項(xiàng)“匆忙地”意思最接近。
23．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的By learning to face the disappointment instead of devaluing its importance and pretending nothing happened, however, you may find it easier to achieve your goals.可知，作者在最后建議要學(xué)會(huì)面對(duì)失敗帶來(lái)的失望，而不是貶低失敗并假裝一切都沒(méi)發(fā)生過(guò)，這樣會(huì)更加有助于實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。由此可推測(cè)出，作者認(rèn)為當(dāng)我們的自我形象受到質(zhì)疑時(shí)，不要一味地逃避。故選D。
三、七選五閱讀
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】方法和策略、說(shuō)明文
【答案】24．F25．C26．G27．A28．E
【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了幽默感是可以后天培養(yǎng)的，并介紹了一些方法幫助讀者養(yǎng)成幽默感。
【解析】
24．空前一句講有些人認(rèn)為幽默是天生的，無(wú)法后天習(xí)得，而下文介紹了一些可以讓自己變得幽默的方式，選項(xiàng)F中的“However”是對(duì)上文的否定，內(nèi)容又引出下文讓自己變得更幽默的方法，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。
25．空前兩句建議講有趣的故事，空后一句再次說(shuō)明一些真正發(fā)生的事可能更幽默，可推知空處提及了虛構(gòu)的故事，選項(xiàng)C中的“at some point，too”承接上文，“jokes”又與下文的真實(shí)故事形成對(duì)比。故選C。
26．上文建議要把驚喜放到結(jié)尾。選項(xiàng)G內(nèi)容上延續(xù)上文，說(shuō)明了把驚喜放到結(jié)尾會(huì)達(dá)到的效果。故選G。
27．空處位于段首，為本段中心句。根據(jù)下文“Check out comedy clubs in your area and study the comedians.”可知，本段建議讀者去當(dāng)?shù)氐南矂【銟?lè)部。選項(xiàng)A與下文內(nèi)容一致。故選A。
28．本段中心句“Keep a journal to record funny things.”講述了可以通過(guò)寫日記的方式記錄有趣的事情。選項(xiàng)E內(nèi)容上延續(xù)了上文，說(shuō)明了長(zhǎng)期來(lái)看這樣做的好處。故選E。
四、選詞填空完成句子
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】不定式的一般式：to+動(dòng)詞原形、介詞短語(yǔ)、副詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)、時(shí)間副詞
【答案】
24．made up her mind；
25．Ever since；
26．right away；
27．dig out；
28．in ruins
【詳解】
24．考查固定短語(yǔ)和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：她一旦下了決心，什么也改變不了。根據(jù)后文nothing can change it.以及句意“下定決定”可知短語(yǔ)為make up one’s mind，結(jié)合上文she has可知為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故填made up her mind。
25．考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：從中學(xué)起，我姐姐王薇和我就夢(mèng)想著進(jìn)行一次偉大的自行車旅行。根據(jù)后文middle school以及句意“從……起”可知短語(yǔ)為ever since，句首單詞首字母要大寫。故填Ever since。
26．考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：想象你的家開(kāi)始搖晃，你必須馬上離開(kāi)。根據(jù)上文Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it以及句意“馬上”可知短語(yǔ)為right away。故填right away。
27．考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：軍隊(duì)組織隊(duì)伍挖出被困者，埋葬死者。根據(jù)后文those who were trapped以及句意“挖出”可知短語(yǔ)為dig out，此處為不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填dig out。
28．考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：可怕的15秒鐘后，一座大城市變成了一片廢墟。根據(jù)上文In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay以及句意“成為廢墟”可知短語(yǔ)為lie in ruins，故填in ruins。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】不定式的一般式：to+動(dòng)詞原形、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)、動(dòng)名詞的一般式：doing、動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)、名詞短語(yǔ)
【答案】
29．in harmony with
30．losing track of
31．make my fortune
32．in authority
33．a(chǎn) variety of
【詳解】
29．考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意：也許最重要的是人們與自然和諧相處的方式。此處缺少介詞短語(yǔ)充當(dāng)方式狀語(yǔ)， 表示“和諧地”。故填in harmony with。
30．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)以及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：如果搬到一個(gè)新城鎮(zhèn)意味著失去朋友的蹤跡，你會(huì)有什么感覺(jué)？此處是條件狀語(yǔ)從句缺少賓語(yǔ)表示“失去朋友”，應(yīng)使用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)losing track of的動(dòng)名詞形式充當(dāng)mean的賓語(yǔ)。故填losing track of。
31．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)以及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：第二天早上，我要?jiǎng)由砣ノ鞑堪l(fā)大財(cái)。此處使用不定式充當(dāng)目的狀語(yǔ)。故填make my fortune。
32．考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意：當(dāng)當(dāng)權(quán)者不在場(chǎng)時(shí)，人們可以隨心所欲，盡情玩樂(lè)。此處充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)修飾不定代詞someone表示“當(dāng)權(quán)者”。故填in authority。
33．考查名詞短語(yǔ)。句意：濰坊是風(fēng)箏的故鄉(xiāng)，在那里你可以買到各種各樣的風(fēng)箏。此處缺少名詞短語(yǔ)a variety of修飾名詞表示“各種各樣的”。故填a variety of。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))的辨析、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)、名詞的詞義辨析、形容詞的詞義辨析
【答案】34．is fluent in 35．work out 36．majority 37．a(chǎn)nnually 38．slimmer 39．brush up 40．reflect on 41．global 42．determination 43．recycled
【詳解】34．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：除了懂一些希臘語(yǔ)外，她還精通意大利語(yǔ)和德語(yǔ)。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“精通”，應(yīng)使用短語(yǔ)be fluent in，該句描述的是一般事實(shí)，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)“she”為第三人稱單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用is。故填is fluent in。
35．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：為了解出這道數(shù)學(xué)難題，我已經(jīng)咨詢了老師好幾次。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“解出、算出”，應(yīng)使用短語(yǔ)work out，此處為動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)，所以用動(dòng)詞原形。故填work out。
36．考查名詞。句意：大多數(shù)學(xué)生對(duì)故事中女孩的行為評(píng)價(jià)很高。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“大多數(shù)”，應(yīng)使用名詞“majority”，構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)the majority of，意為“大多數(shù)”。故填majority。
37．考查副詞。句意：這個(gè)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)是每年頒發(fā)的。如果你今年失去了機(jī)會(huì)，明年可以再試。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“每年地”，應(yīng)使用副詞“annually”作狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞“is awarded”。故填annually。
38．考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：我們獲勝的機(jī)會(huì)比他們的要小。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“更小的”，應(yīng)使用形容詞“slim”的比較級(jí)“slimmer”，作表語(yǔ)。故填slimmer。
39．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：杰克不能和你一起去看電影，因?yàn)樗枰獜?fù)習(xí)明天考試的筆記。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“復(fù)習(xí)”，應(yīng)使用短語(yǔ)brush up，need to do sth.為固定搭配，意為“需要做某事”，所以此處用動(dòng)詞原形。故填brush up。
40．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：她被置于不得不反思自己錯(cuò)誤決定的結(jié)果的境地。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“反思”，應(yīng)使用短語(yǔ)reflect on，此處為動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，所以用動(dòng)詞原形。故填reflect on。
41．考查形容詞。句意：全球變暖的威脅最終將迫使美國(guó)減緩其能源消耗。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“全球的”，應(yīng)使用形容詞“global”作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞“warming”。故填global。
42．考查名詞。句意：我們生活中的一件重要事情是有一個(gè)偉大的目標(biāo)，以及實(shí)現(xiàn)它的決心。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“決心”，應(yīng)使用名詞“determination”，與前面的a great aim并列，與不定式一起作表語(yǔ)。故填determination。
43．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：塑料瓶可以被回收制成衣服。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“回收”，應(yīng)使用動(dòng)詞“recycle”，與主語(yǔ)“Plastic bottles”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過(guò)去分詞與be動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填recycled。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】be able to、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)的基本用法和結(jié)構(gòu)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)、不定式的一般式：to+動(dòng)詞原形、動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)、可數(shù)名詞及其單、復(fù)數(shù)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、語(yǔ)法一致
【答案】
44．humiliate
45．happened
46．maintain
47．a(chǎn)ffairs
48．has admitted
49．consists
50．was surrounded
51．confirm
【詳解】
44．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：他說(shuō)他不想在她的同事面前羞辱她。根據(jù)句意可知?jiǎng)釉~humiliate“羞辱”符合題意，want to后接動(dòng)詞原形。故填humiliate。
45．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：上周末我去拜訪姑姑時(shí)，她碰巧不在家。根據(jù)句意短語(yǔ)happen to do sth.“碰巧做某事”符合題意，空處為主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)last weekend可知，陳述過(guò)去的事情用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填happened。
46．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：現(xiàn)在很少有人能把友誼維持到成年。根據(jù)句意動(dòng)詞maintain“維持”符合題意，be able to后接動(dòng)詞原形。故填maintain。
47．考查名詞。句意：中國(guó)在國(guó)際事務(wù)中起著越來(lái)越重要的作用。根據(jù)句意可知名詞affair“事務(wù)”符合題意，作賓語(yǔ)，表達(dá)此意時(shí)該詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填affairs。
48．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：到目前為止，沒(méi)人承認(rèn)打破窗戶，這讓他很生氣。根據(jù)句意可知?jiǎng)釉~admit“承認(rèn)”符合題意，admit doing sth.“承認(rèn)做了某事”是固定搭配；空處為主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)so far判斷為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，no one作主語(yǔ)看作第三人稱單數(shù)，故填has admitted。
49．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：通常，一篇論文由引言、正文和結(jié)論三部分組成。根據(jù)句意可知?jiǎng)釉~consist“由……組成”符合題意，consist of“由……組成”是固定搭配，空處為句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，陳述客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填consists。
50．考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：小時(shí)候，我總是被愛(ài)和善良圍繞著，那時(shí)我真的很開(kāi)心。結(jié)合句意動(dòng)詞surround“包圍”符合題意，空處為句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，陳述過(guò)去的事情，且主語(yǔ)I和surround之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填was surrounded。
51．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：如果你提前預(yù)定了房間，請(qǐng)打電話向我確認(rèn)。根據(jù)句意可知?jiǎng)釉~confirm“確認(rèn)”符合題意，此處用其原形和to構(gòu)成不定式，作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填confirm。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)的基本用法和結(jié)構(gòu)、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)、固定句式和習(xí)語(yǔ)、表能力
【答案】
52．pulled up 53．not to mention 54．make up for 55．a(chǎn)nything but 56．hang over 57．is rooted in 58．take advantage of 59．pass down 60．in honour of 61．in the air
【解析】52．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：出租車停下，司機(jī)跳了下來(lái)。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“停下”應(yīng)為pull up，根據(jù)并列句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞jumped out可知，此處應(yīng)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填pulled up。
53．考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：這家新餐廳有美味的食物和美麗的景色，更不用說(shuō)它完美的位置了。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“更不必說(shuō)”應(yīng)為not to mention。故填not to mention
54．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：整天工作的父母買很多玩具來(lái)彌補(bǔ)不能和孩子在一起的時(shí)間。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“彌補(bǔ)”應(yīng)為make up for，位于不定式符號(hào)to之后，所以使用動(dòng)詞原形，此處不定式短語(yǔ)作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填make up for。
55．考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：驕傲自大的人除了贊美什么也聽(tīng)不到。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“根本不，絕不”應(yīng)為anything but。故填anything but。
56．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：親愛(ài)的，放松點(diǎn)。不要讓未完成的工作困擾著你。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“困擾”應(yīng)為hang over，根據(jù)let sb. do意為“讓某人做某事”可知，此處應(yīng)為動(dòng)詞原形。故填hang over。
57．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：牛仔英雄的形象，以及牛仔的傳統(tǒng)，都根植于美國(guó)西部豐富的歷史。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“植根于”應(yīng)為be rooted in，該句描述的時(shí)客觀事實(shí)，所以使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且as well as連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，使用就遠(yuǎn)原則，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于The image of a cowboy hero。故填is rooted in。
58．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：他們終于意識(shí)到他們可以利用這個(gè)雙贏的機(jī)會(huì)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“利用”應(yīng)為take advantage of，位于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could之后，所以此處使用動(dòng)詞原形。故填take advantage of。
59．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：人類通過(guò)教育把他們的技能和知識(shí)傳給下一代。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“流傳”應(yīng)為pass down，且此處講述的是客觀事實(shí)，所以使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)意義，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用動(dòng)詞原形。故填pass down。
60．考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意：他準(zhǔn)備了一篇演講，以紀(jì)念在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中犧牲的士兵。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“為紀(jì)念……”應(yīng)為in honour of。故填in honour of。
61．考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意：光線微弱，空氣中彌漫著浪漫的氣息。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“空氣中”應(yīng)為in the air。故填in the air。
五、單句
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)
62．【答案】To ensure
【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：為了確保正確地理解新法規(guī)，我們需要講清楚一些模棱兩可的觀點(diǎn)，并將該制度付諸實(shí)踐。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空白處在句子中做目的狀語(yǔ)，應(yīng)使用動(dòng)詞不定式，故填To ensure。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)
63．【答案】to relieve
【詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：盡可能多地給家寫信，以減輕母親的焦慮。so as to表示“為了，以便”，后面接動(dòng)詞原形,它在句子中作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填to relieve。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)
64．【答案】to win
【詳解】the first, the last, the only, the very, the right等所修飾的名詞或代詞后常接動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語(yǔ)，此處the first woman與win之間為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系。故填to win。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】其他介詞
65．【答案】beyond
【詳解】考查介詞。句意：得到了這份工作讓我喜不勝言。結(jié)合句意表達(dá)“難以言表，難以描述”用beyond description。故填beyond。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】形容詞作表語(yǔ)
66．【答案】determined
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：因此，孫悟空作為勇敢和堅(jiān)定的象征深受我們中國(guó)人的喜愛(ài)。結(jié)合句意及空前的being brave and可知應(yīng)填形容詞形式determined，與brave并列，作表語(yǔ)。故填determined。
六、應(yīng)用文寫作
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、建議信、申請(qǐng)、請(qǐng)求和建議
67．【答案】Dear John,
Knowing that you fail to give up smoking, I am worried. My suggestions are as follows.Firstly, you have to be aware of the disadvantages of smoking. If you are not aware of it, you won’t have the mind to do it. Then what you need is a strong mind. There is a saying,” Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind on it.” So, a strong mind is important. What’s more, I have other practical tips. If you really want to smoke, you can have a chew gum instead of smoking. After a while, your desire to smoke will fade away gradually. Last, give yourself some awards. When you find that you have made some progress, you can give yourself some awards.
Hope you can give up smoking successfully and have a healthy body.
Yours,
LiHua
【分析】
本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文，假定考生是李華，你的朋友John吸煙上癮，已有兩年的煙齡，想戒煙但是很難戒掉。請(qǐng)你給他寫一封信。
【詳解】
1. 詞匯積累
建議：advice→ suggestion
重要的：significant→ important
而不是： rather than→ instead of
擔(dān)憂的：anxious→ worried
2. 句式拓展
簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句
原句：My suggestions are as follows.
拓展句：My suggestions are as follows，which will be of benefit to you.
【點(diǎn)睛】
[高分句型1] If you really want to smoke, you can have a chew gum instead of smoking.（if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句）
[高分句型2] Knowing that you fail to give up smoking, I am woirred.（現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)）
第 page number 頁(yè)，共 number of pages 頁(yè)
第 page number 頁(yè)，共 number of pages 頁(yè)2025--2026年高二人教版必修第三冊(cè)英語(yǔ) Unit 4 Space Exploration 單元基礎(chǔ)綜合練習(xí)2【含答案Word版】
一、完形（15空）（本大題共1小題）
Standing on the top of Mount Tai，I watched the sun rising through the cloud and taking its place in the sky.I haven't seen many 1 ，but I can feel that seeing one from the top of Mount Tai must be one of the best ways to 1 the beauty of nature.
When I left for China，the 2 of climbing Mount Tai had not even 3 me.I was going to China to 4 its language，history and culture and gain a better understanding of international agricultural trade between my country and China.
Now I have stayed in China for a few weeks.In Beijing，my team have 5 friendship with many Chinese students.Through our broken Chinese and their 6 English，we are still able to teach each other about our cultures.We 7 that we are all just students working towards the same 8 of having careers，families and lives and trying to make the world better.Cultural differences seem 9 —even the language almost completely differs from our own.But their daily lives are similar to our own routines(常規(guī))． 11 ，people worry about the same things we do here.They are 10 food safety，pay close attention to the government and feel the effects of the economic markets.
This 11 makes me realize how many cultures my country has in common with other countries around the world.More importantly，it makes me 12 for travel，and I am looking forward to having more 13 to engage in cross-cultural communication and learning.
1．A．clouds B．sunrises C．mountains D．tops
2．A．describe B．select C．imagine D．experience
3．A．thought B．a(chǎn)im C．mission D．origin
4．A．belonged to B．occurred to C．fallen to D．turned to
5．A．discover B．study C．spread D．update
6．A．developed B．sought C．kept D．showed
7．A．spoken B．brief C．poor D．unique
8．A．a(chǎn)ssume B．claim C．realize D．expect
9．A．chance B．reason C．function D．goal
10．A．tiny B．striking C．powerful D．terrible
11．A．Besides B．Otherwise C．However D．Anyhow
12．A．a(chǎn)ddicted to B．confused about C．used to D．concerned about
13．A．a(chǎn)dventure B．course C．climbing D．journey
14．A．eager B．energetic C．a(chǎn)mazed D．tired
15．A．tendencies B．measures C．opportunities D．a(chǎn)pplications
二、閱讀單選（本大題共4小題）
A
Four days before Christmas in 1968, Frank Borman, James Lovell and William Anders had an adventure out to the moon, becoming the first human beings to near and orbit our closest neighbour in space. On Christmas Eve, they pointed a TV camera out of the window of Apollo 8 and showed a global audience of one billion the ancient moon moving slowly below their spaceship. As that movie played, Anders began reading, “In the beginning, God created the heaven and the earth…”
“I didn’t choose it,” he said, when all three astronauts met to mark the 50th anniversary of their moon flight, at Chicago’s Museum of Science and Industry, where their spaceship is displayed.
When the three men returned to Earth on December 27, they were surrounded by a sea of joy. That kind of collective joy—born of collective effort—can seem beyond us now. From the factory floor to the three men in the spaceship, an estimated (估計(jì)) 400,000 people had a hand in making the moon flight possible. Behind the joy there was also a dark danger Apollo 8 might face. If the astronauts made it into the moon orbit but their engine failed to fire when it was time to return, rescue would be impossible. They would circle the moon forever. But the astronauts did come home, and in the process they gave the world another gift: the celebrated photograph that came to be known as Earthrise.
Even fifty years later, Borman and Lovell continued to play jokes on Anders, 85 then.
“I’m still trying to figure out who did it,” said Borman, with a wink (眨眼睛)．
“You did it, I think,” Lovell answered.
“William did it,” Borman admitted. “He didn’t want me to take it at first,” Anders said.
“I have never said it before publicly,” said Borman, “but I’m just proud that I was able to fly with these two talented guys. You did a really good job.”
14．The men pointed a camera out of the window of Apollo 8 .
A．to show the moon to the world
B．to read some sentences to the audience
C．to do some research into the ancient moon
D．to record what they were doing in the spacecraft
15．What danger might the Apollo 8 astronauts face
A．Their engine might explode in the orbit.
B．They wouldn’t land on the moon successfully.
C．They might have no chance to return to Earth.
D．Their spaceship might catch fire in the returning journey.
16．How old was William Anders when he went into space in Apollo 8
A．27. B．30. C．35. D．50.
17．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to
A．The flight. B．The Earth. C．The reading. D．The picture.
[廣東茂名2024高一期中]Becoming old may not be something that’s yet to cross your mind. But aging is going to defeat us one day, so it’s something we’d all like to control.
It would be great to have a long, healthy and happy life, and that’s why scientists are constantly seeking out what we need to do to achieve it. We all know that regular exercise is good for us. In recent years we’ve been told to aim to walk 10,000 steps a day to remain healthy. But the latest piece of research might make you happy if you’re someone who walks at a fast speed. That’s because the speed at which people walk in their 40s is a sign of how much their brains and their bodies are aging.
The BBC’s Philippa Roxby writes that tests on 1,000 people found that slower walkers tended to show signs of “accelerated (加速的) aging”. Their lungs, teeth and immune systems were in worse shape than those walking faster. The study also found not only did slower walkers’ bodies age more quickly, their faces looked older and they had smaller brains. This might be seen as a wake-up call for people with a slower speed to work out. But it might be too late; researchers say they were able to predict the walking speed of 45-year-olds using the results of intelligence, language and sport skills tests from when they were aged three. They also suggest that even in early life, there are signs showing which people will have a healthier life.
So, what’s the point of knowing that a slower walking speed might mean a smaller brain Researchers say measuring walking speed at a younger age and understanding what this might mean could be a way of testing treatments to slow human aging.
18．What does the latest research show
A．The speed of walking is a sign of aging.
B．Regular exercise is good for our health.
C．Slower walkers tend to be younger.
D．Walking 10,000 steps a day is helpful.
19．How did the researchers get the result
A．By carrying out surveys.
B．By searching information on the Internet.
C．By doing tests on some people.
D．By performing experiments in the lab.
20．What can we know about slower walkers according to paragraph 3
A．Their teeth were in better shape.
B．Their faces looked younger.
C．They should try to exercise less.
D．They had smaller brains.
21．What is the best title of the passage
A．Forever Young B．Slow walking and aging
C．Slow Life D．Walk slowly, Live happily
A
What do Neil Armstrong，Ed White and today’s astronauts have in common They all wear a white spacesuit.Beyond NASA，space programs in countries like Russia and China also use white suits.This basic color has saved countless astronauts’ lives.NASA didn’t always have white spacesuits.Their very first manned spaceflight，Project Mercury，used silver suits，but none of those astronauts actually explored the vacuum(真空) of space.And that’s the key because out there，spacesuits have to be highly reflective.And the best color for that isn’t silver，but white.
Here on Earth，our atmosphere protects us from 77% of the sun’s radiation(輻射)．But astronauts in space don’t have that natural protection，making them easily hurt by extreme temperatures，severe sunburn，and even cancer-causing cell damage.So to prevent that，they wear white suits that reflect the sun’s harmful radiation.
But those white EVA suits aren’t the only garment(衣服) in an astronaut’s closet.When heading into space or coming home，NASA astronauts wear a bright orange suit similar in color to the safety vests Air Force pilots wear，and it’s for similar reasons that loud orange stands out against the blue ocean and sky and is perfect for attracting attention.
That being said，times are changing.Nowadays we have more ways of finding out astronauts in need of rescue like GPS，so space agencies are now free to get creative with their color choices.NASA and other programs are already starting to use other colors like deep blue and mustard yellow.In the future，they could look a lot different because NASA is heading to Mars.It will be the longest crewed space mission to date，taking as long as three years from start to finish，and during that time，astronauts could suffer from boredom or depression.That’s where colorful spacesuits could be useful.
22．What is the benefit of wearing white spacesuits
A．Providing protection against sunlight.
B．Building team spirit among astronauts.
C．Avoiding damaging the vacuum of space.
D．Guarding astronauts from solar radiation.
23．What can be inferred from paragraph 3
A．Astronauts in bright orange are easy to spot for rescue crews.
B．Astronauts have to prepare white EVA suits diverse in pattern.
C．Loud orange is the color of choice for dangerous space missions.
D．The safety vests Air Force pilots wear are popular with astronauts.
24．Why will NASA use colorful spacesuits for the space mission to Mars
A．To set a new trend of spacesuits.
B．To brighten up the dull space life.
C．To show astronauts’ creative minds.
D．To meet the demand of space agencies.
25．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Do Spacesuits Always Stay White
B．How Do Spacesuits Protect Astronauts
C．Do Colorful Spacesuits Have Advantages
D．Why Is White So Popular with Astronauts
If asked whether space exploration should continue, most Americans would give an immediate response either in favour of continuing or in favour of ending space exploration. A common response would be that space exploration is a waste of money. An average American, uneducated on the subject, might believe that the government is wasting billions of dollars on the research that has no value. Someone ignorant of the subject might say that a space shuttle goes up once in a while and that is about all that happens. Research is ongoing and continues when there are no shuttles being launched. This also costs the government money. Does the extreme cost of space exploration make sense
One argument is that the government is wasting money on the research not being used on Earth. Actually, the money goes to workers and scientists that support National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) missions, and goes to major companies that play important roles in major sectors of the US economy. Boeing is a partner of NASA for aircraft, the same company that makes commercial aircraft for the airline industry.
Another benefit of continuing space exploration is the many spinoff technologies (衍生技術(shù)) it provides. The artificial heart resulted from experiments on the space shuttle. The handheld Jaws of Life used to save victims from car accidents originated from the system used to separate the space shuttle from its booster rockets (助推火箭). Insulation in homes that keeps them warm and energy efficient is based on the technology used to insulate the space shuttle.
There are direct benefits to the economy provided by NASA missions as well as spinoff technologies. These advances are found in food, building materials, medical procedures and the vehicles we drive. While it can be proved that billions of dollars that could be used elsewhere is being spent on space exploration, the benefits it provides outweigh the negative aspects. As a matter of fact, the money spent helps to improve the quality of our lives.
26．How is Paragraph 2 mainly developed
A．By listing data. B．By offering analyses.
C．By giving some examples. D．By presenting research findings.
27．What is the function of Jaws of Life
A．To save people from traffic accidents.
B．To do experiments on the space shuttle.
C．To keep houses warm and energy efficient.
D．To separate the space shuttle from its booster rockets.
28．What does the author think of space exploration
A．It has changed our life completely. B．It costs too much money.
C．It has nothing to do with us. D．It benefits us in many ways.
29．What would be the best title for the text
A．Benefits of Space Exploration
B．Is Space Exploration Worth the Cost
C．How to Make Space Exploration Affordable
D．Missions of the NASA Space Shuttle Programme
三、七選五閱讀（本大題共1小題）
Mars is truly a fascinating planet for those of us here on Earth. 1 It is about half as big as Earth and is often referred to as the Red Planet because of its red surface.
The Red Planet has the largest volcano in the solar system—Olympus Mons. 2 That’s about three times the height of Mount Qomolangma.
Mars also has an atmosphere，but it is very thin and made up mostly of carbon dioxide.Because of its thin atmosphere and greater distance from the Sun，Mars is much colder than Earth. 3 The dust storms of Mars can grow so big that sometimes they blanket the entire planet and last for months.The poles on Mars are a lot like Antarctica，capped by ice，but much of Mars’ ice is made from carbon dioxide，not water.
Scientists believe that studying Mars can help answer some of the key questions about our planet Earth，or even the universe.
4 Since 1960，more than half of all attempted Mars missions have failed.The USA，Russia，the European Space Agency，and several other countries have lost many spacecraft in their quest to explore the Red Planet.However，they will still continue their explorations.Chinese experts are confident about their plan to explore Mars，in spite of the many challenges.The first Mars unmanned spacecraft was launched from Wenchang in 2020.But it is only the beginning of deep voyages into outer space. 5
A．It is roughly 27 kilometres high.
B．Missions to Mars have never been easy.
C．Mars，however，today has no active volcanoes.
D．The temperature at the planet’s surface varies widely.
E．However，Mars does have weather，with clouds and winds.
F．China will continue to explore the mysteries of the universe.
G．It is one of the few planets that we can see with our own eyes.
四、選詞填空完成句子（本大題共5小題）
Directions: Complete the following sentences by using the words in the box. Each word in the box can only be used once. There are two words more than you need.
A．staged B．blamed C． determined D．partnered E. quoted F. symbolized
30．The torch the ancient Greek athletic ideals, and it burnt throughout the Games.
31．The Student Union an exhibition to popularize fine artworks from students.
32．A famous line from the well-received movie is in the discussion.
33．They with technology companies to enhance teaching efficiency.
選詞填空
back down; challenge; think through; make a contribution; option; argue; look forward to; desire; struggle; angry
34．Teenagers have both a new for independence and a continued need for your parents’ love and support.
35．Sometimes John Li to control his feelings. How he wishes he could be more calm and patient.
36．After Maggie the problem, she explained her actions and feelings calmly, listen carefully, and address her parents’ concerns.
37．There are lots of in the dining hall including bread and butter, chicken pic and puddings, but I still missed my mum’s cooking.
38．Heated and cold silences are common between teenagers and their parents.
39．When it all gets too much, your parents are often the first target of your .
40．Through this healthy discussion, Daniel learned when to and understood that it was not a shame to admit he was wrong.
41．Although there was not as much homework as I was used to, it was still .
42．In fact, I’m being more independent and responsible for my own learning.
43．I can to my class discussion, because I am able to express myself clearly in English now.
look forward·to,take up,out of curiosity, keep sb company, look up to
44．I organizing the activity with the help of my best friends.
45．Learning that he was anxious and annoyed，I decided to .
46．These exchange students have been attending the lecture.
47．Each of us him because he is outgoing，helpful and warm-hearted.
48． ，I followed the guy to the dark room.
從上面默寫核心短語(yǔ)中選擇合適的完成下列句子
49．Lacking relevant knowledge，he is not good at such problems.
50．My car broke down on the way to the beach because petrol had .
51．My laziness has my current terrible situation.
52． ，I succeeded in solving the problem.
53．The agency has launched campaigns to arouse the citizens’ awareness of protecting the environment.
請(qǐng)?jiān)诜娇蛑羞x擇合適的短語(yǔ)并用正確形式填入橫線中, 使句子完整連貫。
注意：(1)每個(gè)短語(yǔ)至多只能使用一次；(2)方框中有一個(gè)多余短語(yǔ)。
get across date back to take into account make an impact on contribute to on the edge of one’s seat the other way round be determined to due to make a comment about live up to
54．The research revealed that the discovery of this material could prehistoric times.
55．Academic performance will be when you are applying to a university.
56．The film was so exciting that it had me until the last moment.
57．Artificial intelligence has already our lives in many ways.
58． make his dream come true, Ben worked harder than before.
59．Do not others casually just based on their appearances.
60．Influenced by the movie, he decided to his parent`s expectations.
61．His hard work and dedication has the success of the project.
62．I thought your plan would work, but it was .
63．The accident was the carelessness of the driver.
五、單句（本大題共5小題）
64．His failure (defend) quickly enough led to losing the match. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
65．A man dressed in a black coat was observed (enter) the house and later the owner found all the valuable things stolen.
66．Some of us were eager (take) part in the class activities while others were nervous and anxious.
67．She was about (leave) when some guests came.
68．They set up a scientific organisation (explore) the unknown world.
六、應(yīng)用文寫作（本大題共1小題）
69．最近你校就《狼來(lái)了》這則寓言故事及其寓意展開(kāi)討論，大家踴躍發(fā)表自己的看法。請(qǐng)你給《21世紀(jì)學(xué)生英文報(bào)·高中版》的“Your Words” 欄目寫一篇英文稿件，要點(diǎn)如下：
1、該故事的寓意；
2、怎樣做一名誠(chéng)信的學(xué)生(舉例說(shuō)明)；
3、你的看法(誠(chéng)信的重要性)。
注意：
1、寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右；
2、可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；
3、開(kāi)頭已為你寫好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
Almost all of us heard the story “Here Comes the Wolf” when we were little kids.
參考答案
一、完形（15空）
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】副詞的詞義辨析、動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))的辨析、名詞的詞義辨析、夾敘夾議、形容詞的詞義辨析、文化
【答案】1．B
2．D
3．A
4．B
5．B
6．A
7．C
8．C
9．D
10．B
11．A
12．D
13．D
14．A
15．C
【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要講述了通過(guò)到中國(guó)旅行，作者對(duì)旅行產(chǎn)生了渴望，并期待有更多機(jī)會(huì)進(jìn)行跨文化交流和學(xué)習(xí)。
【解析】1．由文章第一句“Standing on the top of Mount Tai，I watched the sun rising through the cloud and taking its place in the sky.”可知，此處指看日出，故選B。
2．describe描述；select挑選；imagine想象；experience體驗(yàn)。由上文“but I can feel that seeing one from the top of Mount Tai must be one of the best ways to”和下文“the beauty of nature”可知，作者認(rèn)為從泰山頂上看日出一定是體驗(yàn)自然之美的最好方式之一，故選D。
3．thought想法；aim目的；mission任務(wù)；origin起源。由下文“of climbing Mount Tai had not even ____ me”可知，此處指作者去爬泰山的想法，故選A。
4．由上文“of climbing Mount Tai had not even”和下文“me”可知，作者沒(méi)有想過(guò)要去爬泰山，occur to sb為固定搭配，意為“某人想起”，故選B。
5．discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；study學(xué)習(xí)；spread傳播；update更新。由下文“its language，history and culture”可知，作者到中國(guó)是為了學(xué)習(xí)中國(guó)的語(yǔ)言、歷史和文化，故選B。
6．develop發(fā)展；seek尋找；keep保留；show展示。由下文“friendship with many Chinese students”可知，作者的團(tuán)隊(duì)成員與許多中國(guó)學(xué)生建立了友誼，故選A。
7．spoken口語(yǔ)的；brief簡(jiǎn)短的；poor不熟練的；unique獨(dú)一無(wú)二的。由本句“Through our broken Chinese...still able to teach each other about our cultures.”可知，與作者交流的中國(guó)學(xué)生英語(yǔ)不好，故選C。
8．a(chǎn)ssume假設(shè)；claim聲稱；realize意識(shí)到；expect期望。由下文“that we are all just students...trying to make the world better”可知，作者和中國(guó)學(xué)生意識(shí)到他們之間有共同的東西，故選C。
9．chance機(jī)會(huì)；reason原因；function功能；goal目標(biāo)。由下文“of having careers，families and lives and trying to make the world better”可知，這些是他們共同的目標(biāo)，故選D。
10．tiny微小的；striking顯著的；powerful有力的；terrible可怕的。由下文“even the language almost completely differs from our own”可知，文化差異很顯著，故選B。
11．由上文“But their daily lives are similar to our own routines(常規(guī))．”可知，空前和空后都是在介紹他們的共同之處，此處應(yīng)用besides，表示“此外”。故選A。
12．be addicted to沉迷于；be confused about對(duì)……困惑；be used to習(xí)慣于；be concerned about對(duì)……關(guān)心。由下文“food safety，pay close attention to the government and feel the effects of the economic markets”可知，人們關(guān)心食品安全問(wèn)題，故選D。
13．由第二段提到的內(nèi)容和下文可知，此處指作者到中國(guó)的這次旅行，故選D。
14．eager渴望的；energetic精力充沛的；amazed驚訝的；tired累的。由下文“I am looking forward to...communication and learning”可知，作者對(duì)旅行產(chǎn)生了渴望，期待能有更多機(jī)會(huì)去進(jìn)行跨文化交流和學(xué)習(xí)，故選A。
15．tendency傾向；measure措施；opportunity機(jī)會(huì)；application申請(qǐng)。由上文“I am looking forward to having more”和下文“to engage in cross-cultural communication and learning”可知，作者期待能有更多機(jī)會(huì)去進(jìn)行跨文化交流和學(xué)習(xí)。故選C。
二、閱讀單選
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】推理判斷、社會(huì)、細(xì)節(jié)理解、記敘文、詞句猜測(cè)
【答案】
14．A；
15．C；
16．C；
17．D　
【詳解】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了1968年12月21日，弗蘭克·博爾曼、詹姆斯·洛弗爾和威廉·安德斯冒險(xiǎn)前往月球，成為第一批靠近月球并繞月飛行的人類。在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，他們還給了世界另一份禮物：一張后來(lái)被稱為“地出”的著名的照片。
14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的On Christmas Eve, they pointed a TV camera out of the window of Apollo 8 and showed a global audience of one billion the ancient moon moving slowly below their spaceship.可知，這些人把一臺(tái)電視攝像機(jī)對(duì)準(zhǔn)“阿波羅8號(hào)”的窗外，是為了向世界展示月球，故選A項(xiàng)。
15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的If the astronauts made it into the moon orbit but their engine failed to fire when it was time to return, rescue would be impossible. They would circle the moon forever.可推斷出，“阿波羅8號(hào)”上的宇航員面臨的危險(xiǎn)是他們可能沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)返回地球，故選C項(xiàng)。
16．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Even fifty years later, Borman and Lovell continued to play jokes on Anders, 85 then.可知，威廉·安德斯乘“阿波羅8號(hào)”進(jìn)入太空時(shí)的年齡是：85－50＝35。故選C項(xiàng)。
17．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文… they gave the world another gift: the celebrated photograph that came to be known as Earthrise.可推斷出“it”指代的是上文的“photograph”，故選D項(xiàng)。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】主旨大意、科普知識(shí)、細(xì)節(jié)理解、說(shuō)明文
【答案】
18．A
19．C
20．D
21．B
【詳解】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究，走得慢會(huì)導(dǎo)致衰老加速，而快速走路的人會(huì)更加健康，因此我們要在年輕的時(shí)候就改變生活方式，快速走路，來(lái)延長(zhǎng)健康的精神和身體狀態(tài)。
18．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中But the latest piece of research might make you happy if you’re someone who walks at a fast speed. That’s because the speed at which people walk in their 40s is a sign of how much their brains and their bodies are aging.可知，最新的研究表明，走路的速度是衰老程度的標(biāo)志。故選A項(xiàng)。
19．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中The BBC’s Philippa Roxby writes that tests on 1,000 people found that slower walkers tended to show signs of “accelerated aging”.可知，研究人員是通過(guò)對(duì)一些人們進(jìn)行測(cè)試得到這個(gè)結(jié)果的。故選C項(xiàng)。
20．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中The study also found not only did slower walkers’ bodies age more quickly, their faces looked older and they had smaller brains.可知，走路慢的人的大腦也更小。故選D項(xiàng)。
21．主旨大意題。分析全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究，走的慢會(huì)導(dǎo)致衰老加速，而快速走路的人會(huì)更加健康，所以B項(xiàng)“走路慢和衰老”能概括文章大意，適合用作文章標(biāo)題。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】主旨大意、推理判斷、科普知識(shí)、細(xì)節(jié)理解、說(shuō)明文
【答案】22．D23．A24．B25．A
【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了太空服并不總是白色的，隨著時(shí)代和科技的進(jìn)步，它們也可以是其他顏色。
【解析】22．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段末句可知，穿白色太空服的好處是保護(hù)宇航員不受太陽(yáng)輻射的傷害。故選D。
23．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“...loud orange stands out against the blue ocean and sky and is perfect for attracting attention.”可知，亮橙色非常引人注目。由此推知，穿亮橙色太空服的宇航員比較容易被救援人員發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選A。
24．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“...astronauts could suffer from boredom or depression.That’s where colorful spacesuits could be useful.”可推知，美國(guó)宇航局把火星任務(wù)的太空服制成彩色的是為了照亮單調(diào)的太空生活。故選B。
25．標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段和最后一段內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了太空服并不總是白色的，隨著時(shí)代和科技的進(jìn)步，它們也可以是其他顏色。故A項(xiàng)“太空服總是白色的嗎？”適合作為本文標(biāo)題，符合文章主旨，并引起讀者注意。故選A。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】主旨大意、推理判斷、科普知識(shí)、細(xì)節(jié)理解、說(shuō)明文
【答案】
26．B
27．A
28．D
29．B
【詳解】花費(fèi)大量資金用于太空探索值得嗎？作者列舉了太空探索的好處，如提供衍生技術(shù)以及帶來(lái)直接的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益等。
26．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的Actually, the money goes to workers and scientists和goes to major companies that play important roles可知，事實(shí)上，錢花在了工作人員和科學(xué)家以及在美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)中起重要作用的公司身上。這是給出的分析說(shuō)明。故選B項(xiàng)。
27．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的第三句可知，救生顎的作用是挽救出車禍的人。故選A項(xiàng)。
28．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的第一句及最后一段內(nèi)容可知，作者認(rèn)為太空探索有很多好處。故選D項(xiàng)。
29．主旨大意題。文章第一段提出問(wèn)題(Does the extreme cost of space exploration make sense？)，文章最后給出回答(As a matter of fact, the money spent helps to improve the quality of our lives.)，由此可知，本文是在討論用于太空探索的錢花得值不值。故選B項(xiàng)。
三、七選五閱讀
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】科普知識(shí)、說(shuō)明文
【答案】30．G
31．A
32．E
33．B
34．F
【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了火星的自然環(huán)境以及人類對(duì)火星的探索。
【解析】30．根據(jù)上下文可知，本句與后句并列，都是在整體上介紹火星，G選項(xiàng)中It指代Mars。故G選項(xiàng)“它是少數(shù)幾個(gè)我們能用肉眼看到的行星之一”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。
31．根據(jù)上下文可知，本句應(yīng)提到奧林匹斯山的高度。故A選項(xiàng)“它大約27千米高”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。
32．根據(jù)上下文可知，本句應(yīng)提到火星上的氣候，后文提到了沙塵暴，可見(jiàn)火星上有風(fēng)，故E選項(xiàng)“然而，火星確實(shí)有天氣，有云和風(fēng)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。
33．根據(jù)后句可知，很多火星任務(wù)都失敗了，可見(jiàn)火星任務(wù)并不容易實(shí)施。故B選項(xiàng)“火星任務(wù)從來(lái)都不容易”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。
34．根據(jù)空前三句可知，本句為本段最后一句，應(yīng)承接上文繼續(xù)說(shuō)明中國(guó)對(duì)宇宙的探索，故F選項(xiàng)“中國(guó)將繼續(xù)探索宇宙的奧秘”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。
四、選詞填空完成句子
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)的基本用法和結(jié)構(gòu)、動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))的辨析
【答案】
30．F
31．A
32．E
33．D
【詳解】
30．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：火炬象征著古希臘的體育理想，并在整個(gè)奧運(yùn)會(huì)中燃燒。symbolized“象征”符合句意，是動(dòng)詞symbolize的過(guò)去式，作謂語(yǔ)。故選F。
31．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：學(xué)生會(huì)舉辦了一個(gè)展覽來(lái)推廣學(xué)生的優(yōu)秀作品。staged“舉辦”符合句意，是動(dòng)詞stage的過(guò)去式，作謂語(yǔ)。故選A。
32．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：討論中引用了這部廣受歡迎的電影中的一句名言。quoted“引用”符合句意，是動(dòng)詞quote的過(guò)去分詞，和is構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，作謂語(yǔ)。故選E。
33．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：他們與科技公司合作提高教學(xué)效率。partnered“同……合作”符合句意，是動(dòng)詞partner的過(guò)去式，作謂語(yǔ)。故選D。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)的基本用法和結(jié)構(gòu)、以-ed和-ing結(jié)尾的形容詞、動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))的辨析、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)、可數(shù)名詞及其單、復(fù)數(shù)、名詞作賓語(yǔ)、名詞的詞義辨析、形容詞作定語(yǔ)、現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式：doing、現(xiàn)在分詞表正在進(jìn)行、語(yǔ)法一致
【答案】
34．desire
35．struggles
36．thought through
37．options
38．a(chǎn)rguments
39．a(chǎn)nger
40．back down
41．challenging
42．looking forward to
43．make a contribution
【詳解】
34．考查名詞。句意：青少年對(duì)獨(dú)立有了新的渴望，對(duì)父母的愛(ài)和支持也有了持續(xù)的需求。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空前是不定冠詞a和形容詞，所以空處應(yīng)填單數(shù)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，根據(jù)后文“for independence”可知，應(yīng)是desire意為“渴望”符合語(yǔ)境。故填desire。
35．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：有時(shí)約翰·李很難控制自己的感情。他多么希望自己能更冷靜、更有耐心。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，前句缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，所以空處填動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)后文“How he wishes he could be more calm and patient.”可知，應(yīng)是struggle意為“艱難”符合語(yǔ)境，根據(jù)sometimes可知用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是John Li，為第三人稱單數(shù)。故填struggles。
36．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：麥琪想了想問(wèn)題后，冷靜地解釋了自己的行為和感受，認(rèn)真傾聽(tīng)，并解決了父母的擔(dān)憂。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，從句缺少謂語(yǔ)，所以空處填動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)后文“she explained her actions and feelings calmly, listen carefully, and address her parents’ concerns.”可知，應(yīng)是think through意為“充分考慮”符合語(yǔ)境，根據(jù)主句謂語(yǔ)explained可知，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填thought through。
37．考查名詞。句意：餐廳里有很多選擇，包括黃油面包、雞肉餡餅和布丁，但我還是很想念媽媽做的菜。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，lots of+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞，所以空處應(yīng)填名詞，根據(jù)后文“including bread and butter, chicken pic and puddings, but I still missed my mum’s cooking.”可知，應(yīng)是option意為“選擇”符合語(yǔ)境，可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)lots of可知用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填options。
38．考查名詞。句意：青少年和父母之間激烈的爭(zhēng)論和冷淡的沉默是很常見(jiàn)的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空前是形容詞，所以空處應(yīng)填名詞作主語(yǔ)，根據(jù)后文“cold silences”可知，應(yīng)是argue的名詞形式argument意為“爭(zhēng)論”符合語(yǔ)境，根據(jù)silences可知用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填arguments。
39．考查名詞。句意：當(dāng)一切變得太過(guò)分時(shí)，你的父母往往是你憤怒的第一個(gè)目標(biāo)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空前是形容詞性物主代詞，所以空處應(yīng)填名詞作賓語(yǔ)，根據(jù)前文“When it all gets too much”可知，應(yīng)是angry的名詞形式anger意為“憤怒”符合語(yǔ)境。故填anger。
40．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：通過(guò)這次健康的討論，丹尼爾學(xué)會(huì)了何時(shí)退讓，并明白承認(rèn)自己錯(cuò)了并不可恥。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，特殊疑問(wèn)詞+to do，空前的to是不定式的標(biāo)志，所以空處填動(dòng)詞原形，根據(jù)后文“understood that it was not a shame to admit he was wrong.”可知，應(yīng)是back down意為“退讓”符合語(yǔ)境。故填back down。
41．考查形容詞。句意：雖然作業(yè)沒(méi)有我習(xí)慣的那么多，但仍然很有挑戰(zhàn)性。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空前是系動(dòng)詞，所以空處應(yīng)填形容詞作表語(yǔ)，根據(jù)前文“Although there was not as much homework as I was used to”以及此處修飾it代指作業(yè)，應(yīng)是用修飾物的-ing形容詞challenging意為“具有挑戰(zhàn)性的”符合語(yǔ)境。故填challenging。
42．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：事實(shí)上，我期待著更加獨(dú)立，對(duì)自己的學(xué)習(xí)負(fù)責(zé)。根據(jù)后文“being more independent and responsible for my own learning.”可知，應(yīng)是look forward to意為“期待”符合語(yǔ)境，根據(jù)句意，此處用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，空前已有be動(dòng)詞，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填looking forward to。
43．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：我可以為我的課堂討論做出貢獻(xiàn)，因?yàn)槲椰F(xiàn)在可以用英語(yǔ)清楚地表達(dá)自己。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空前是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can，所以空處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形，根據(jù)后文“to my class discussion, because I am able to express myself clearly in English now.”可知，應(yīng)是make a contribution意為“做出貢獻(xiàn)”符合文意。故填make a contribution。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】一般過(guò)去時(shí)的基本用法和結(jié)構(gòu)、不定式的一般式：to+動(dòng)詞原形、動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)
【答案】44．took up
45．keep him company
46．looking forward to
47．looks up to
48．Out of curiosity
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)、固定句式和習(xí)語(yǔ)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)
【答案】
49．figuring out
50．run out
51．resulted in
52．In closing
53．a(chǎn)ll kinds of
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】do作助動(dòng)詞、不定式的一般式：to+動(dòng)詞原形、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)、表能力、過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)意義
【答案】
54．date back to 55．taken into account 56．on the edge of my seat 57．made an impact on 58．Determined to 59．make a comment about 60．live up to 61．contributed to 62．the other way round 63．due to
【解析】54．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：研究表明，這種材料的發(fā)現(xiàn)可以追溯到史前時(shí)代。根據(jù)空后“prehistoric times”可推測(cè)，空處指的是“可追溯到……”；出現(xiàn)在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后，用動(dòng)詞原形。短語(yǔ)“date back to”，意為“追溯到”，符合句意。故填date back to。
55．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：當(dāng)你申請(qǐng)大學(xué)時(shí)，學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)會(huì)被考慮在內(nèi)。根據(jù)從句“when you are applying to a university”可知，當(dāng)申請(qǐng)大學(xué)時(shí)，主語(yǔ)“Academic performance”將會(huì)被“考慮進(jìn)去”。動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)“take into account”，意為“將……考慮進(jìn)去”，符合句意，和主語(yǔ)“Academic performance”之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故填taken into account。
56．考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意：這部電影太激動(dòng)人心了，直到最后一刻我都緊張得要命。根據(jù)上文“The film was so exciting”可知，電影非常激動(dòng)人心，由此可知，我非常“緊張”。短語(yǔ)“on the edge of one’s seat”，意為“坐在椅子邊、緊張”，符合句意。故填on the edge of my seat。
57．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：人工智能已經(jīng)在很多方面影響著我們的生活。根據(jù)主語(yǔ)“Artificial intelligence”以及空后的“our lives in many ways”可推測(cè)，空處指的是“有影響”。動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)“make an impact on”，意為“對(duì)……有影響”，符合句意；出現(xiàn)在助動(dòng)詞“has”后，用過(guò)去分詞形式。故填made an impact on。
58．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：為了實(shí)現(xiàn)他的夢(mèng)想，本比以前更加努力地工作。根據(jù)主句“Ben worked harder than before.”可判斷，Ben是為了實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想才更加努力工作。動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)“be determined to”，意為“下定決心做某事”，符合句意；和主句主語(yǔ)Ben之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞形式。故填Determined to。
59．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：不要根據(jù)別人的外表隨便評(píng)價(jià)別人。根據(jù)下文“based on their appearances”可知，空處指的是“評(píng)價(jià)”別人。短語(yǔ)“make a comment about”，意為“對(duì)……發(fā)表評(píng)論”符合句意；出現(xiàn)在助動(dòng)詞之后，用動(dòng)詞原形。故填make a comment about。
60．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：受這部電影的影響，他決定不辜負(fù)父母的期望。根據(jù)空后的“his parent`s expectations”可判斷，空處指的是“達(dá)到、不辜負(fù)”；動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)“l(fā)ive up to”，意為“達(dá)到、不辜負(fù)”，符合句意；出現(xiàn)在動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)后，用動(dòng)詞原形。故填live up to。
61．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：他的辛勤工作和奉獻(xiàn)精神促成了這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的成功。根據(jù)主語(yǔ)“His hard work and dedication”以及空后的“the success of the project”可判斷，主語(yǔ)“他的辛勤工作和奉獻(xiàn)精神”帶來(lái)了“這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的成功”。動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)“contribute to”，意為“導(dǎo)致、帶來(lái)”，符合句意；出現(xiàn)在助動(dòng)詞“has”之后，用過(guò)去分詞形式。故填contributed to。
62．考查短語(yǔ)。句意：我原以為你的計(jì)劃會(huì)奏效，但結(jié)果恰恰相反。根據(jù)空前的“but”可判斷，本句和上文存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。短語(yǔ)“the other way round”意為“與之相反”，符合句意。故填the other way round。
63．考查短語(yǔ)。句意：事故是由于司機(jī)的粗心造成的。主語(yǔ)“The accident”的發(fā)生是因?yàn)榭蘸蟮摹皌he carelessness of the driver”。短語(yǔ)“due to”，意為“因?yàn)椤保暇湟狻９侍頳ue to。
五、單句
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】不定式的一般式：to+動(dòng)詞原形、動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)
64．【答案】to defend
【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：他未能足夠迅速地進(jìn)行防守導(dǎo)致輸?shù)袅吮荣悺！癴ailure to do sth.”是固定搭配，意為“未能做某事”，名詞failure后常用不定式作后置定語(yǔ)。故填to defend。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】不定式的一般式：to+動(dòng)詞原形、動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)
65．【答案】to enter
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】不定式的一般式：to+動(dòng)詞原形、動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)
66．【答案】to take
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】不定式的一般式：to+動(dòng)詞原形、動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)
67．【答案】to leave
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)
68．【答案】to explore
六、應(yīng)用文寫作
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、其他應(yīng)用文、哲理感悟
69．【答案】
Almost all of us heard the story “Here Comes the Wolf” when we were little kids.What we can learn from the story is that we must be honest and telling a lie is terrible.
As students，honesty is especially important.By giving honest answers to questions in the exam，not only can we learn about our own strengths and weaknesses in our study，but we can help our teachers evaluate our study as well.Therefore，we can make great progress in our study.Besides，we should finish our homework independently and return books when it is due.If we promise to do something，we should keep our word and try our best to do it well.
As far as I'm concerned，honesty is a good virtue.People who are honest can always gain others' respect.A liar is always looked down upon and once you lie，people will never believe you even if you speak the truth.Only in an honest way are we able to make more friends and gain their cooperation to achieve our goals.
第 page number 頁(yè)，共 number of pages 頁(yè)
第 page number 頁(yè)，共 number of pages 頁(yè)2025--2026年高二人教版必修第三冊(cè)英語(yǔ) Unit 4 Space Exploration 單元基礎(chǔ)綜合練習(xí)3【含答案Word版】
一、完形（15空）（本大題共1小題）
For a little girl growing up in Colombia，a science career with NASA may seem impossible.Trujillo，however，is an aerospace 1 who leads a team at the NASA laboratory 2 for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover (火星探測(cè)器)．
How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe to 3 exploring it That's a tale of 4 written in the stars.
Born in 1983，even as a young girl Trujillo was 5 of her passion for science.But she doubted how far she'd be able to 6 in a male-dominated field.Then her dad offered to send her to Miami.Only 17 at the time，she 7 the offer.
Trujillo took a series of housekeeping 8 to put herself through Miami Dade College.Sometimes she was cleaning bathrooms to help pay her way through her 9 .But she didn't 10 ，“I saw everything coming my way as an opportunity.”
Then came another life-changing moment.She became the first Hispanic(西班牙語(yǔ)國(guó)家的) woman to be 10 to the NASA Academy.Later，she became an engineer at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center.
In 2021，when the Perseverance rover 11 on the surface of Mars，it was 12 by commentary(解說(shuō)) from Trujillo in NASA's first-ever Spanish-language 13 .
Trujillo's own story is 14 that just beyond the barrier(阻礙) lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to reach for the stars.
1．A．a(chǎn)stronaut B．pilot C．engineer D．guide
2．A．eager B．responsible C．concerned D．grateful
3．A．a(chǎn)ctually B．hardly C．typically D．fortunately
4．A．innocence B．kindness C．perseverance D．sympathy
5．A．certain B．tolerant C．a(chǎn)fraid D．fond
6．A．respond B．rise C．search D．a(chǎn)pply
7．A．made up B．turned up C．picked up D．took up
8．A．a(chǎn)ims B．a(chǎn)ctivities C．positions D．courses
9．A．studies B．buys C．recreations D．trips
10．A．note B．panic C．reform D．complain
11．A．a(chǎn)pplied B．a(chǎn)dmitted C．a(chǎn)ppointed D．introduced
12．A．slid B．a(chǎn)rose C．landed D．waited
13．A．a(chǎn)ccompanied B．updated C．improved D．powered
14．A．theory B．broadcast C．criticism D．performance
15．A．inspiration B．information C．competence D．proof
二、閱讀單選（本大題共4小題）
A
[四川巴中2022高一期末]We would like to invite you to enjoy Summer Camping at Pipsico Scout Reservation! You can enjoy various activities here. To learn more, please read on.
Sports & Other Activities
With over 10 acres of fields within the heart of Camp Lions, you and your family can enjoy many games and outdoor activities without an extra fee. Pipsico is unable to provide any recreational (娛樂(lè)的) equipment, but our gaga ball pit, frisbee golf course, and volleyball court are available for use, so feel free to bring your own equipment and use those spaces!
Pool
It’s open to everyone from Friday to Sunday. Guests may enjoy, relax or get exercise in our 25 metre swimming pool! If you want to swim on workdays, please contact our staff and we will try our best to meet your requests (including nighttime and early morning swims) during your stay.
Boating
Boating on the James River is available from Friday to Sunday. Guests may enjoy boating (kayaking and canoeing) on the James River. Everyone, no matter of age, must wear a lifejacket at all times while boating. Boating will be allowed from 9 am to noon and 1 pm to 4 pm upon request. We’ll have a lifeguard on duty at all times while boating.
Shooting Sports
It’s open on Saturdays by appointment and other times by special request. Advanced reservations are required for this experience. A minimum of 48 hours of notice must be given by e mailing Camping@. Tickets for this experience will be sold through the Trading Post for 22 Rifle, Shotgun Trap, or Archery.
15．What can Pipsico provide tourists with
A．Recreational equipment.
B．Volleyballs.
C．Golf balls.
D．Fields.
16．When can tourists go boating on the James River
A．From 9 am to noon every day.
B．Anytime in the daytime on workdays.
C．In the daytime at 3 pm at weekends.
D．Only in the afternoons from Friday to Sunday.
17．What is special about shooting sports
A．Tourists are required to experience all of them.
B．Tourists should make a reservation in advance.
C．Tourists can only experience them on Saturdays.
D．Tourists must buy tickets at most two days in advance.
[湖南長(zhǎng)沙長(zhǎng)郡中學(xué)2024高一期中]Welcome to our school. You can do a lot of things e and join us.
Timetable
Sunday 8:30—11:30 Personal Inventions (發(fā)明物) You can see many inventions by the students; You may also bring your own inventions. Monday 19:00—21:00 Space and Man Dr. Thomas West If you want to know more about the universe (宇宙).
Wednesday 19:30—21:00 Modern Medicine Mrs. Lucy Green Would you like to know medical science Friday 18:30—21:00 Computer Science Mr. Harry Morison from Harvard University Learn to use Photoshop skills.
18．You may have a chance to introduce your inventions on .
A．Monday B．Wednesday C．Friday D．Sunday
19．If you want to learn something about the universe, when can you go to the class
A．19:00 to 21:00 on Monday. B．8:30 to 11:30 on Sunday.
C．18:30 to 21:00 on Friday. D．19:30 to 21:00 on Wednesday.
20．What can we know from the table
A．We only see many inventions by the teachers.
B．We know Mr. Morison is from Harvard University.
C．We can learn Photoshop skills on Tuesday.
D．You may learn about a disease on Sunday.
[湖北武漢武鋼三中2024高一月考]Crocodiles today look very similar to ones from 200 million years ago. There are also very few species alive today—just 25. Other animals such as lizards （蜥蜴） and birds have achieved a diversity of many thousands of species in the same amount of time or less.
Prehistory also saw types of crocodile we don’t see today, including giants as big as dinosaurs, plant-eaters, fast runners and snake-like forms that lived in the sea. The rate of their evolution is generally slow, but occasionally they evolve more quickly because the environment has changed. In particular, their evolution speeds up when the climate is warmer, and their body size increases.
The body size of crocodiles is important because it interacts with how fast animals grow, how much food they need, how big their populations are and how likely they are to become extinct. The limited diversity of crocodiles and their apparent lack of evolution is a result of a slow evolutionary rate. It seems the crocodiles arrived at a body plan that was very efficient and perfect enough that they didn’t need to change it in order to survive. This perfection could be one explanation why crocodiles survived Cretaceous period （白堊紀(jì)）, in which the dinosaurs died out.
Crocodiles generally develop better in warm conditions because they cannot control their body temperature and require warmth from the environment. The climate during the age of dinosaurs was warmer than it is today, and that may explain why there were many more varieties of crocodiles than we see now. Being able to draw energy from the sun means they do not need to eat as much as a warm-blooded animal like a bird or a mammal （哺乳動(dòng)物）.
21．What influenced the evolution of crocodiles most
A．Their number. B．The climate. C．Their habits. D．Food resources.
22．Why did crocodiles go slowly in evolution
A．As a result of their good appetite.
B．Because of their perfect body type.
C．Owing to so many dinosaurs around.
D．Due to their limited ability to reproduce.
23．We can infer from the last paragraph that crocodiles .
A．a(chǎn)re warm-blooded animals B．like cold living conditions
C．eat less than mammals D．a(chǎn)re fiercer than dinosaurs
24．What is the text mainly about
A．The history of crocodiles,
B．Ancient animals’ evolution.
C．Residents of the Cretaceous period.
D．The “stop-start” pattern of crocodiles’ evolution.
[四川成都第七中學(xué)2024高一期中]In today’s motivational literature, failure is often viewed as something to be celebrated. Inspirational speakers are fond of quoting the words of the novelist Samuel Beckett—“Fail again. Fail better.” It seems that disappointments are an essential stepping stone to success, a turning point in our life story that will ultimately end in victory.
However, psychological researches find most of us struggle to handle failure constructively. In other words, we fail to “fail forward”. We find ways to devalue the task at which we failed, and become less motivated to persevere (堅(jiān)持) and reach our goals. This phenomenon is known as the “sour-grape effect”, which was discovered by Professor Hallgeir Sjastad.
Sjastad explains that “sour-grape effect” is a self-protective mechanism (機(jī)制). “Most of us picture ourselves as able people, so when feedback (反饋) from others suggests the opposite, it poses a serious threat to that self-image,” he says. “The easiest way out is to deny or explain away the outside signal, so we can keep a positive sense of self. We do this even without noticing.”
If you have one bad interview for your dream job, you might convince yourself that you don’t really want it at all, and stop applying for similar positions. The same goes if you fail to impress at a sports trial, or if you lose a singing contest. “We tend to explain away our shortcomings and convince ourselves our ‘Plan C’ is actually our ‘Plan A’,” Sjastad says.
It doesn’t mean we should persevere in goals all the time. It can be healthy to change if the process is no longer making us happy. But the “sour-grape effect” may lead us to come to this decision prematurely, rather than hanging on a little and seeing whether we might learn and improve.
Failures are unavoidable. By learning to face the disappointment instead of devaluing its importance and pretending nothing happened, however, you may find it easier to achieve your goals.
25．Why does the author mention the speech of inspirational speakers in Paragraph 1
A．To offer an approach to handling failure.
B．To introduce a common attitude towards failure.
C．To emphasize the importance of experiencing failure.
D．To discuss the relationship between success and failure.
26．What can we learn from Paragraph 3 about the “sour-grape effect”
A．It does harm to our self-image.
B．It pictures us as perfect people.
C．It protects us from false feedback.
D．It makes us refuse negative feedback to ourselves.
27．What does the underlined word “prematurely” in Paragraph 5 mean
A．Hurriedly. B．Mistakenly. C．Unhappily. D．Carelessly.
28．Which statement would the author most probably agree with
A．Get ready to replace “Plan A” with “Plan C”.
B．Never forget to maintain a positive sense of self.
C．Don’t quit when goals no longer make you happy.
D．Don’t escape when our self-image gets challenged.
三、七選五閱讀（本大題共1小題）
閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Benefits of Space Exploration
On April 12,1961,the Russian astronaut Yuri Gagarin became the first human to journey to outer space.The age of space exploration started that day.　16　 Well,the answer is simple.The benefits of space,including medical,technological and economic benefits,are more than the dangers of it.
·Medical benefits
　17　.Analyzing the effects of zero-gravity on blood circulation(循環(huán))led to many discoveries on how to prevent some types of heart failure.And the experiments and measurements of bone strength and bone loss in astronauts have helped doctors better understand bone diseases.
·　18　
The space race has led to technological advancements in the shortest period of time,such as vacuum-sealed(真空密封的)food,fireproof materials and modern vacuum cleaners.　19　.Yet,we even don’t know that some NASA engineers originally developed them for the Apollo program that took humankind to the moon.As you can see,it is important for us to keep pushing the limits of space exploration.Who knows what kind of new technologies could be developed that will make our lives easier in the future.
·Creation of STEM jobs
Space exploration is one of the industries that require the largest percentage of STEM (Science,Technology,Engineering,and Mathematics) jobs.A lot of those jobs are positions for engineers,data analysts,doctors,biologists and so on.Although these positions require highly qualified people to fill them,they are some of the highest-paid jobs in the market.　20　.
A．Space tourism industry
B．Development of new technologies
C．Is exploring space a waste of time and money
D．Today,we still use them in our daily lives
E．So,the growing space industry creates high-paid jobs
F．The medical benefits of space exploration reach every area of the human body
G．Why should we spend so much time and money to explore dangerous environments
四、選詞填空完成句子（本大題共5小題）
從方框里選擇合適的詞語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空
means/way/method/ approach
29．Swimming is my favorite sport. There is nothing like swimming as a of keeping fit.
30．New of teaching foreign languages are adopted in this university.
31．He had strange to make his classes lively and interesting.
32．His to solving the problems were not proper.
選詞填空
break away from, keep your eyes open, add to, date back to, join to, as well as, belong to
33． for opportunities.
34．Having nothing to the list, he gave it back to his assistant.
35．In the 16th century, the Wales the UK.
36．Part of East Africa will the rest of Africa.
37．Many foreigners are fond of the local snacks Qing dynasty.
38．Children should be educated not to touch anything others without permission.
39．Many graduates their beloved professor have attended the graduation ceremony.
選詞填空
boost, grasp, suspect, defend, motivate, expose, deny
40．I believe the publication of this book next month his confidence.
41．He that it was his fault and wouldn’t apologize.
42．At that moment, I began whether to tell her the truth.
43．You must the opportunity when there is one.
44．Keep indoors and don’t your skin to the sun.
45．His courage in civil rights inspired many people.
decorate beyond generous intelligent function keep track of try out adap t to
46．It's very of you to lend me your book.
47．The machine doesn't well in cold weather.
48．After 30 years, the town has changed recognition.
49．Anyone with musical talent can fo r the competition.
50．When important festivals approach, we will the houses.
51．Every time I go out for a walk, I use this app to my steps.
52．To become an astronaut, you must be enough to get a related college degree.
53．Scientists are concerned that it's difficult for animals to the climate change.
54．This education system the needs of the students.
55．The second half of the game was boring with the first.
56．She had been waiting for Simon to the barrier between them.
57．His father did not his son’s choice.
58．What can you from the given data
59．The tests those carried out last year, so I feel very surprised．
五、單句（本大題共5小題）
60．During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together (share) a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）
61．He hurried to the station, only (find) the train gone. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
62．They arrived at the airport, only (inform) that the flight had been cancelled due to the snowstorm. （所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）
63． （reduce） air pollution, this city required citizens to use clean fuel.
64．It (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon (construct).
六、應(yīng)用文寫作（本大題共1小題）
65．最近，學(xué)校要組織一次倡議活動(dòng)，主題為“Save water”。請(qǐng)你以學(xué)生會(huì)的名義根據(jù)此主題寫一封英文倡議書。要點(diǎn)如下：
1、水的重要性(至少兩點(diǎn))；
2、你的建議(至少兩點(diǎn))。
注意：1、詞數(shù)80左右；
2、開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；
3、可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
參考詞匯：shortage 短缺
Dear schoolmates，
The Students' Council
參考答案
一、完形（15空）
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】副詞的詞義辨析、動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))的辨析、名詞的詞義辨析、形容詞的詞義辨析、生活故事、記敘文
【答案】1．C
2．B
3．A
4．C
5．A
6．B
7．D
8．C
9．A
10．D
11．B
12．C
13．A
14．B
15．D
【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Trujillo靠著努力和毅力一步步成為美國(guó)宇航局工程師的故事。
【解析】1．根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“Later，she became an engineer at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center.”可知，她是美國(guó)宇航局的一名工程師。故選C。
2．此空是前面laboratory的后置定語(yǔ)，根據(jù)句意以及選項(xiàng)可知，此處表示這間實(shí)驗(yàn)室的職責(zé)。故選B。
3．此空對(duì)應(yīng)前面的“simply dreaming about”，表示從夢(mèng)想探索宇宙變成了在現(xiàn)實(shí)中真正地探索宇宙。故選A。
4．innocence單純，純真；kindness善良；perseverance堅(jiān)持不懈，毅力；sympathy同情。根據(jù)第四段中她的努力和堅(jiān)持可知，此處表達(dá)她的整個(gè)經(jīng)歷是一個(gè)關(guān)于毅力和堅(jiān)持的故事。故選C。
5．certain肯定的；tolerant容忍的；afraid害怕的；fond喜歡的。根據(jù)下文“But she doubted how far...”可知，與后文的懷疑相對(duì)比，她很確定自己對(duì)科學(xué)的熱情和喜愛(ài)，故選A。
6．respond回應(yīng)；rise上升，到達(dá)較高位置；search搜索；apply申請(qǐng)。根據(jù)空后“in a male-dominated field”并結(jié)合句意以及選項(xiàng)可知，此處表達(dá)在這樣一個(gè)男性主導(dǎo)的領(lǐng)域里，Trujillo不知道自己能走多遠(yuǎn)，地位能提高多少，故選B。
7．make up構(gòu)成；turn up調(diào)高；pick up撿起；take up接受。根據(jù)上文她爸爸提出送她去邁阿密及下文Trujillo努力支付學(xué)費(fèi)可知，此處表示她接受了爸爸讓她去邁阿密的提議。故選D。
8．根據(jù)空前定語(yǔ)housekeeping以及句意可知，此處表達(dá)她給別人做家務(wù)活，也就是通過(guò)家務(wù)工作掙錢讓自己完成學(xué)業(yè)，因此position符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。
9．上文提到她通過(guò)做家務(wù)掙錢讀完大學(xué)，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，所以此處表示她打掃浴室來(lái)支付學(xué)業(yè)費(fèi)用，故選A。
10．note注意；panic恐慌；reform改革；complain抱怨。上文提到為了完成學(xué)業(yè)，她要做家務(wù)、打掃浴室，結(jié)合此句中的轉(zhuǎn)折詞“But”以及空后“我把遇到的一切都當(dāng)作機(jī)會(huì)”可知，此處表達(dá)盡管學(xué)業(yè)完成不易，但是她不抱怨，故選D。
11．a(chǎn)pply申請(qǐng)，應(yīng)用；admit承認(rèn)，準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入；appoint任命；introduce介紹。根據(jù)上文“接著又是一個(gè)改變?nèi)松臅r(shí)刻”可推知，此處表示她被美國(guó)宇航局學(xué)院錄取，這是她人生的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)。故選B。
12．根據(jù)此空的主語(yǔ)“the Perseverance rover”和空后地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)“on the surface of Mars”可知，此處表示的是“毅力號(hào)”探測(cè)器在火星表面著陸，故選C。
13．a(chǎn)ccompany伴隨，陪伴；update更新；improve提高，改善；power推動(dòng)。結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，解說(shuō)是伴隨著探測(cè)器的著陸被播報(bào)的，故選A。
14．結(jié)合上文分析以及選項(xiàng)可知，“毅力號(hào)”在火星著陸時(shí)，伴隨著Trujillo用西班牙語(yǔ)所做的解說(shuō)廣播，故選B。
15．此空后that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，解釋說(shuō)明此空名詞的內(nèi)容，根據(jù)句意和選項(xiàng)，此處表示她的故事是在證明：只要越過(guò)障礙，就有一個(gè)充滿機(jī)遇的宇宙在等待著任何愿意努力完成壯舉的人，故選D。
二、閱讀單選
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】應(yīng)用文、細(xì)節(jié)理解、節(jié)假日活動(dòng)
【答案】
15．D；
16．C；
17．B　
【詳解】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了一個(gè)夏令營(yíng)中的四項(xiàng)活動(dòng)。
15．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Sports & Other Activities部分中Pipsico is unable to provide any recreational equipment, but our gaga ball pit, frisbee golf course, and volleyball court are available for use… use those spaces！可知，它為游客提供場(chǎng)地。故選D項(xiàng)。
16．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Boating 部分中Boating on the James River is available from Friday to Sunday.和Boating will be allowed from 9 am to noon and 1 pm to 4 pm upon request.可知，周末下午三點(diǎn)游客可以在此劃船。故選C項(xiàng)。
17．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Shooting Sports部分中Advanced reservations are required for this experience.可知，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目需要游客提前訂票。故選B項(xiàng)。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】學(xué)校生活、應(yīng)用文、細(xì)節(jié)理解
【答案】
18．D
19．A
20．B
【詳解】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了某一學(xué)校里幾項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的具體安排，如時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和主題等。
18．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Sunday部分中的You may also bring your own inventions.可知，在周天你可能有機(jī)會(huì)介紹自己的發(fā)明。故選D。
19．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Monday部分中的If you want to know more about the universe.可知，星期一19:00—21:00可以了解一些宇宙知識(shí)。故選A。
20．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Friday部分中的Mr. Harry Morison from Harvard University可知，哈里·莫里森先生來(lái)自哈佛大學(xué)。故選B。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】主旨大意、動(dòng)物植物、推理判斷、細(xì)節(jié)理解、說(shuō)明文
【答案】
21．B
22．B
23．C
24．D
【詳解】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了鱷魚的進(jìn)化主要受氣候的影響最大，他們的體型適應(yīng)了生存的需求。
21．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的The rate of their evolution is generally slow, but occasionally they evolve more quickly because the environment has changed. In particular, their evolution speeds up when the climate is warmer, and their body size increases.可知，鱷魚的進(jìn)化速度通常很慢，但由于環(huán)境變化，它們有時(shí)進(jìn)化地更快了。特別是當(dāng)氣候變暖時(shí)它們的進(jìn)化加快，并且它們的體型增大。由此可知，氣候因素對(duì)鱷魚的進(jìn)化影響最大。故選B項(xiàng)。
22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的It seems the crocodiles arrived at a body plan that was very efficient and perfect enough that they didn’t need to change it in order to survive.可知，似乎鱷魚的身體結(jié)構(gòu)非常有效和完美，它們不需要為了生存而改變它。由此可知，鱷魚進(jìn)化緩慢是因?yàn)閾碛辛送昝赖捏w型。故選B項(xiàng)。
23．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的Being able to draw energy from the sun means they do not need to eat as much as a warm-blooded animal like a bird or a mammal.可知，能夠從太陽(yáng)中吸收能量意味著他們不需要像鳥(niǎo)類或哺乳動(dòng)物這樣的溫血?jiǎng)游镞M(jìn)食那么多。由此可知，鱷魚比哺乳動(dòng)物吃得少。故選C項(xiàng)。
24．主旨大意題。文章主要講的是鱷魚，因此B項(xiàng)的“古代動(dòng)物的進(jìn)化”不正確；文章主要講的鱷魚不只生活在白堊紀(jì)時(shí)代，因此C項(xiàng)的“白堊紀(jì)時(shí)期的居民”不正確。文章的第二段主要講的是“鱷魚的進(jìn)化受氣候的影響最大”，第三段主要講的是“鱷魚進(jìn)化緩慢是其身型的因素”，最后一段主要講的是“鱷魚更適應(yīng)溫暖的氣候而且能夠從太陽(yáng)中吸收能量”。由此可知，文章的主要講述鱷魚的進(jìn)化。故選D項(xiàng)。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】推理判斷、文學(xué)、詞句猜測(cè)、說(shuō)明文
【答案】
25．B
26．D
27．A
28．D
【詳解】本文是一篇議論文。大多數(shù)人難以積極地應(yīng)對(duì)失敗，在失敗時(shí)就會(huì)貶低自己的任務(wù)，缺乏動(dòng)力去堅(jiān)持目標(biāo)，這種心理現(xiàn)象就是酸葡萄效應(yīng)。但酸葡萄效應(yīng)可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響，所以我們要學(xué)會(huì)面對(duì)失敗，而不是一味地貶低失敗的事情并假裝一切沒(méi)有發(fā)生，這樣才能讓我們更容易達(dá)到我們的目標(biāo)。
25．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的In today’s motivational literature, failure is often viewed as something to be celebrated. Inspirational speakers are fond of quoting the words of the novelist Samuel Beckett—“Fail again. Fail better.”可知，作者提到勵(lì)志演講者引用的話是想證明如今的勵(lì)志文學(xué)常常將失敗視為值得慶祝的事情，由此可推測(cè)出，作者想要介紹對(duì)待失敗的普遍態(tài)度。故選B。
26．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的Sjastad explains that ‘sour-grape effect’ is a self-protective mechanism. “Most of us picture ourselves as able people, so when feedback from others suggests the opposite, it poses a serious threat to that self-image,” he says.和The easiest way out is to deny or explain away the outside signal, so we can keep a positive sense of self.可知，“酸葡萄效應(yīng)”是一種自我保護(hù)機(jī)制，當(dāng)外部反饋與自我形象不一致時(shí)，我們就會(huì)否認(rèn)或?yàn)檫@種外部信號(hào)辯解，從而保護(hù)自己。由此可推測(cè)出，“酸葡萄效應(yīng)”會(huì)否認(rèn)外界對(duì)于我們的負(fù)面反饋。故選D。
27．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞后的rather than hanging on a little and seeing whether we might learn and improve可知，而不是堅(jiān)持一會(huì)兒，看看我們是否可以學(xué)習(xí)和提高，這里應(yīng)與rather than后的內(nèi)容相反，表示的是我們會(huì)提前做出不再堅(jiān)持這種決定，prematurely意為“提前地。過(guò)早地，倉(cāng)促地”，與A項(xiàng)“匆忙地”意思最接近。
28．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的By learning to face the disappointment instead of devaluing its importance and pretending nothing happened, however, you may find it easier to achieve your goals.可知，作者在最后建議要學(xué)會(huì)面對(duì)失敗帶來(lái)的失望，而不是貶低失敗并假裝一切都沒(méi)發(fā)生過(guò)，這樣會(huì)更加有助于實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。由此可推測(cè)出，作者認(rèn)為當(dāng)我們的自我形象受到質(zhì)疑時(shí)，不要一味地逃避。故選D。
三、七選五閱讀
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】科普知識(shí)、說(shuō)明文
【答案】29．G
30．F
31．B
32．D
33．E
【分析】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了太空探索的好處。
【解析】29．下文“Well,the answer is simple.”可知,空處是一個(gè)問(wèn)題,結(jié)合下文“The benefits of space,including medical,technological and economic benefits,are more than the dangers of it.”介紹太空探索帶來(lái)的好處遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于它的危險(xiǎn)可知,空處應(yīng)該是在問(wèn)為什么需要探索太空,G項(xiàng)符合,選項(xiàng)中關(guān)鍵詞“dangerous”和照應(yīng)空后詞“dangers”。
30．根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Medical benefits”可知,本段主要介紹太空探索的醫(yī)療好處,F項(xiàng)符合,選項(xiàng)中“The medical benefits”呼應(yīng)小標(biāo)題。
31．根據(jù)小標(biāo)題下的“The space race has led to...fireproof materials and modern vacuum cleaners.”可知,本段主要講述了太空探索帶來(lái)了科技的進(jìn)步,B項(xiàng)適合作本段的小標(biāo)題。
32．根據(jù)空前句“The space race has led to...fireproof materials and modern vacuum cleaners.”可知,太空競(jìng)賽帶來(lái)了科技進(jìn)步,如真空密封食品、防火材料和現(xiàn)代真空吸塵器,D項(xiàng)承接上文,其中“them”代指上文提到的“vacuum-sealed(真空密封的)food,fireproof materials and modern vacuum cleaners”。
33．上文“Space exploration is one of the industries...they are some of the highest-paid jobs in the market.”可知,太空探索創(chuàng)造了高薪工作,E項(xiàng)符合,是對(duì)前文的總結(jié),空前關(guān)鍵詞“the highest-paid jobs”呼應(yīng)選項(xiàng)中的“high-paid jobs”。
四、選詞填空完成句子
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)、可數(shù)名詞及其單、復(fù)數(shù)、名詞作主語(yǔ)
【答案】
29．means；
30．methods；
31．way；
32．a(chǎn)pproaches
【詳解】
29．考查名詞。句意：游泳是我最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)。沒(méi)有什么方法比游泳更能保持健康了。means表示“方法，手段”，單復(fù)數(shù)相同，其后可以跟of doing，表示“做某事的方法或手段”。此處是指保持健康的一種方法或手段。故填means。
30．考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)和主謂一致。句意：這所大學(xué)采用了新的外語(yǔ)教學(xué)方法。method一般指（系統(tǒng)的）一套方法，其后可以跟of doing。外語(yǔ)教學(xué)方法是指一套系統(tǒng)的方法。根據(jù)are可知，主語(yǔ)應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填methods。
31．考查名詞。句意：他有奇特的方法使他的課生動(dòng)有趣。way表示“方法”，其后可用to do不定式作后置定語(yǔ)。故填way。
32．考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)和主謂一致。句意：他解決問(wèn)題的方法不恰當(dāng)。名詞approach意為“方法”，其后應(yīng)用介詞to構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)approach to“......的方法”。根據(jù)were可知，主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)。故填approaches。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】一般將來(lái)時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)、動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)、固定句式和習(xí)語(yǔ)、現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)、現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)意義、祈使句的肯定形式、語(yǔ)法一致
【答案】
33．Keep your eyes open
34．a(chǎn)dd to
35．was joined to
36．break away from
37．dating back to
38．belonging to
39．a(chǎn)s well as
【詳解】
33．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：睜大眼睛留心尋找機(jī)會(huì)。動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)keep your eyes open“睜大眼睛、留心”符合句意，祈使句開(kāi)頭用動(dòng)詞原形。句首字母大寫，故填Keep your eyes open。
34．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：由于沒(méi)有什么可添加的，他把它還給了他的助手。動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)add to“添加到”符合句意，和前文to構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語(yǔ)。故填add to。
35．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：在16世紀(jì)，威爾士加入了英國(guó)。動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)join to“加入到”符合句意，和主語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)In the 16th century可知，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)the Wales為單數(shù)，主謂一致，故填was joined to。
36．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：東非的一部分地區(qū)將與非洲其他地區(qū)分離。動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)break away from“脫離”符合句意，動(dòng)詞原形和will構(gòu)成一般將來(lái)時(shí)。故填break away from。
37．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：許多外國(guó)人喜歡追溯到清朝時(shí)期的當(dāng)?shù)匦〕浴?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)date back to“回溯至”符合句意，此處為非謂語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞和前文the local snacks之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用其現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。故填dating back to。
38．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：應(yīng)該教育孩子，不要在未經(jīng)允許的情況下觸摸任何屬于他人的東西。動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)belong to“屬于”符合句意，此處為非謂語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞和前文anything之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用其現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。故填belonging to。
39．考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：許多畢業(yè)生和他們深愛(ài)的教授都參加了畢業(yè)典禮。固定短語(yǔ)as well as“以及，和”符合句意，連接前后文主語(yǔ)。故填as well as。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】一般將來(lái)時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)的基本用法和結(jié)構(gòu)、不定式的一般式：to+動(dòng)詞原形、動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)、動(dòng)名詞的一般式：doing、動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)
【答案】
40．will boost
41．denied
42．to suspect
43．grasp
44．expose
45．defending
【詳解】
40．考查動(dòng)詞和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我相信下個(gè)月出版這本書將增強(qiáng)他的信心。空處為賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)句意和“his confidence”可知，此處指增強(qiáng)信心，動(dòng)詞boost“增強(qiáng)”符合題意；結(jié)合語(yǔ)境陳述將來(lái)的事情，應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。故填will boost。
41．考查動(dòng)詞和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：他否認(rèn)這是他的錯(cuò)，不愿道歉。空處為主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)“wouldn’t apologize”可知，此處指否認(rèn)是他自己的錯(cuò)誤，動(dòng)詞deny“否認(rèn)”符合題意；陳述過(guò)去的事情，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填denied。
42．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在那一刻，我開(kāi)始懷疑是否應(yīng)該告訴她真相。根據(jù)“whether to tell her the truth”可知，此處指懷疑是否要告知她真相，動(dòng)詞suspect“懷疑”符合題意，因suspect表示人的心理活動(dòng)，位于begin后只能用不定式形式。故填to suspect。
43．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：有機(jī)會(huì)時(shí)你一定要抓住。根據(jù)“the opportunity when there is one.”可知，此處指抓住機(jī)會(huì)，動(dòng)詞grasp“抓住”符合題意，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must后接動(dòng)詞原形。故填grasp。
44．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：待在室內(nèi)，不要讓皮膚暴露在陽(yáng)光下。根據(jù)“Keep indoors”和“your skin to the sun”可知，此處指不要讓皮膚暴露在陽(yáng)光下，動(dòng)詞expose“使……接觸，暴露”符合題意，助動(dòng)詞 don’t后接動(dòng)詞原形。故填expose。
45．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：他捍衛(wèi)民權(quán)的勇氣激勵(lì)了許多人。根據(jù)“civil rights inspired many people.”可知，此處指捍衛(wèi)民權(quán)，動(dòng)詞defend“捍衛(wèi)”符合題意，介詞in后接defend的動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語(yǔ)。故填defending。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】will、不及物動(dòng)詞、不定式的一般式：to+動(dòng)詞原形、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)、及物動(dòng)詞、形容詞作表語(yǔ)、表能力
【答案】
46．generous
47．function
48．beyond
49．try out
50．decorate
51．keep track of
52．intelligent
53．a(chǎn)dapt to
【詳解】
46．考查形容詞。句意：你把你的書借給我真是太慷慨了。根據(jù)空前的“It's”，這里應(yīng)用形容詞，作表語(yǔ)。結(jié)合空后的“l(fā)end me your book”，這里是說(shuō)你非常慷慨。generous意為“慷慨的”。故填generous。
47．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：這臺(tái)機(jī)器在寒冷的天氣里運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)不好。根據(jù)空前的“doesn't”，空處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形。根據(jù)空后的“well”，這里是說(shuō)機(jī)器運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)不好。function意為“運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)”，為不及物動(dòng)詞。故填function。
48．考查介詞。句意:30年后，這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)已經(jīng)變得讓人認(rèn)不出來(lái)了。change beyond recognition意為“變得面目全非，滄海桑田”，為固定搭配。故beyond。
49．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：任何有音樂(lè)天賦的人都可以參加比賽的選拔。根據(jù)空前的can，這里應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形。根據(jù)空后的“for the competition”可知，這里表示參加比賽的選拔，try out for意為“參加……的選拔(或試演)”。故填try out。
50．考查動(dòng)詞。句意:當(dāng)重要的節(jié)日臨近時(shí)，我們會(huì)裝飾房子。根據(jù)句中的“important festivals approach”，重大節(jié)日到來(lái)時(shí)需要裝飾房子。decorate意為“裝飾”，為及物動(dòng)詞。故填decorate。
51．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：每次我出去散步時(shí)，我都會(huì)使用這個(gè)應(yīng)用程序來(lái)記錄我的步數(shù)。根據(jù)空后的“my steps”，這里是說(shuō)用應(yīng)用程序紀(jì)錄步數(shù)。keep track of意為“了解……的情況/動(dòng)態(tài)”。故填keep track of。
52．考查形容詞。句意：要成為一名宇航員，你必須足夠聰明以便獲得相關(guān)的大學(xué)學(xué)位。根據(jù)空后的“get a related college degree”，這里是說(shuō)要聰明到能夠獲得相關(guān)大學(xué)學(xué)位。intelligent意為“聰明的”。故填intelligent。
53．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：科學(xué)家們擔(dān)心動(dòng)物很難適應(yīng)氣候變化。根據(jù)空后的“the climate change”，這里是說(shuō)適應(yīng)氣候變化。空前有不定式符號(hào)to，這里應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形。adapt to意為“適應(yīng)”。故填adapt to。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、不定式的一般式：to+動(dòng)詞原形、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)、語(yǔ)法一致
【答案】
54．is appropriate to 55．by comparison 56．break down 57．a(chǎn)pprove of 58．make inferences 59．a(chǎn)re identical to
【解析】54．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：這種教育制度適合學(xué)生的需要。短語(yǔ)be appropriate to“適合于，對(duì)……很合適”符合句意，此句陳述現(xiàn)在事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，This education system作主語(yǔ)，be用第三人稱單數(shù)。故填is appropriate to。
55．考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意：與上半場(chǎng)相比，比賽的下半場(chǎng)有些無(wú)聊。介詞短語(yǔ)by comparison“相比較”符合句意，by comparison with sth.意為“與……相比較”。故填by comparison。
56．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：她一直在等待西蒙打破他們之間的隔閡。動(dòng)詞搭配wait for sb to do sth意為“等待某人做某事”，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形與空前的to構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞不定式，break down“破壞，消除”為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，符合句意。故填break down。
57．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：他父親不贊成他兒子的選擇。設(shè)空處在句中作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，approve of“同意，贊成”為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，符合句意；由空前“His father did not”可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形。故填approve of。
58．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：從給定的數(shù)據(jù)中你能得出什么推論？設(shè)空處在句中作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，make inferences“做出推斷”為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，符合句意；由空前的“What can you”可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形。故填make inferences。
59．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：這些測(cè)試與去年進(jìn)行的測(cè)試完全相同，所以我感到非常驚訝。短語(yǔ)be identical to“ 與……完全同樣的，相同的”符合句意；由句意可知，此句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，The tests作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填are identical to。
五、單句
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)
60．【答案】to share
【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：過(guò)中秋節(jié)的時(shí)候，家人們通常會(huì)團(tuán)聚在一起吃飯、賞月和品嘗月餅。根據(jù)句意可知家人們團(tuán)聚在一起的目的是吃飯、賞月和品嘗月餅,因此用不定式to share作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填to share。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)
61．【答案】to find
【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：他匆匆趕到車站，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)火車已經(jīng)開(kāi)走了。短語(yǔ)only to do sth.，表示“結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)……”，不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，表示一種意料之外的結(jié)果，故填to find。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)
62．【答案】to be informed
【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：他們到了機(jī)場(chǎng)，卻被告知由于暴風(fēng)雪航班已經(jīng)取消了。此處為only to do結(jié)構(gòu)，不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，表示“不料竟會(huì)……”，且they與inform構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用to be done形式。故填to be informed。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)
63．【答案】To reduce
【解析】句意為：為了減少空氣污染，該市要求市民用清潔燃料。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處應(yīng)用不定式短語(yǔ)作目的狀語(yǔ)。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)、語(yǔ)法一致
64．【答案】means；is constructed
【詳解】句意為：它意味著我們有機(jī)會(huì)獲得關(guān)于月球是如何構(gòu)成的信息。第一個(gè)設(shè)空處是主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)賓語(yǔ)從句中的have可知，此處敘述的是現(xiàn)在的情況，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是It，所以謂語(yǔ)使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式means；第二個(gè)設(shè)空處是介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，且construct與從句主語(yǔ)the moon之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，再由上下文可知，此處應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句主語(yǔ)the moon是單數(shù)，故填is constructed。
六、應(yīng)用文寫作
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、建議信、文化
65．【答案】
Dear schoolmates，
It is universally assumed that water is the origin of life.Hardly can we survive without it.Besides，we use water to further the development of agriculture and industry.
However，a huge amount of water is being wasted every day.I'm here to call for all of you to save water as much as possible.Firstly，stop wasting or polluting water.For example，never leave the tap running while brushing your teeth.Secondly，we can save water by following the golden rule: reduce，reuse and recycle.
Facing water shortage，we should spring into action before it runs out.
The Students' Council
第 page number 頁(yè)，共 number of pages 頁(yè)
第 page number 頁(yè)，共 number of pages 頁(yè)2025--2026年高二人教版必修第三冊(cè)英語(yǔ) Unit 4 Space Exploration 單元基礎(chǔ)綜合練習(xí)4【含答案Word版】
一、完形（15空）（本大題共1小題）
We had a tornado (龍卷風(fēng)) touchdown near the school, and as expected, we took emergency precautions.It was a day we never wanted to happen, but 1 prepared for throughout the school year.I wasn't even in the classroom when it happened.I had taken a student with me to the workroom to help 2 items for a project.When the alarm started 3 ， I immediately took my student's hand and 4 as fast as I could back to the classroom.
Never had I imagined needing to put our tornado 5 to use.I never imagined actually needing to 6 my students up against the wall, and have them crouch down (蹲下) with their knees and heads touching the ground, hands on the backs of their heads.Their hearts were 7 so fast that they couldn't catch their breath, and the 8 filled their eyes looking up at me as they asked if their families and friends were going to be okay.
In the midst of the very 9 and dangerous situation, my students 10 themselves with the attitudes and mindsets of children much 11 than them.Never in my life had I seen my students 12 directions so quickly without hesitation.Even though some tears 13 down, my students were brave.They had such a firm 14 in my assistant and me that they were able to be 100% calm.They were brave beyond their 15 today and for that, I am very proud.
Right now, I look back on the day and I am thankful for our safety, courage, and bravery.
1．A．hardly B．continually C．safely D．suddenly
2．A．buy B．deliver C．gather D．swap
3．A．coming about B．blowing down C．sending up D．going off
4．A．called B．ran C．drove D．stepped
5．A．drills B．warnings C．events D．details
6．A．get B．put C．line D．set
7．A．beating B．jumping C．driving D．striking
8．A．courage B．fear C．hope D．disaster
9．A．vivid B．unique C．frightening D．practical
10．A．enjoyed B．handled C．provided D．injured
11．A．older B．smarter C．healthier D．luckier
12．A．a(chǎn)nnounce B．describe C．recite D．follow
13．A．looked B．lay C．rolled D．turned
14．A．purpose B．interest C．belief D．progress
15．A．a(chǎn)bilities B．grades C．memories D．years
二、閱讀單選（本大題共4小題）
Yellowstone National Park, located in Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming, was established as the first national park in the United States. The park is a popular destination for visitors who engical (生態(tài)的) tourism as it offers forests, mountains, and many ecosystems to explore. Some of Yellowstone’s most well known landmarks are its geothermal (地?zé)岬? hot springs and geysers (間歇泉), the most famous of which is named Old Faithful.
Last fall, Lisa and her friends decided to take a camping trip to Yellowstone National Park. They arranged to stay at one of the park’s many convenient campsites. For their camping trip，they brought their backpacks, sleeping bags, and a cooler of food and drinks. They set up their tents immediately upon arriving at their campsite.
During their trip, Lisa and her friends hiked the many trails (小道) of the park, exploring its natural surroundings. In the forest, they saw a lot of local wildlife. Lisa was blown away by a family of grizzly bears, some gray wolves, and even bald eagles flying overhead. Unexpectedly, she seemed to quite enjoy being in such a great place. They were well protected. Outside of the woods, they admired the beauty of some of Yellowstone’s natural waterfalls.
Since Yellowstone contains many hot springs and the world’s largest area of active geysers, Lisa and her friends visited many different geyser sites.They even spent an afternoon swimming in Yellowstone’s Boiling River. Of all of the sites, Lisa and her friends agreed that Old Faithful was the most impressive. Lisa and her friends waited patiently for the geyser to erupt. After about 40 minutes, a stream of boiling water over 100 feet tall sprayed (噴灑) from the ground and up into the air. Luckily, no one got wet!
16．What is the first paragraph mainly about
A．An introduction to Yellowstone National Park.
B．Reasons for building Yellowstone National Park.
C．The history of Yellowstone National Park.
D．Benefits of Yellowstone National Park.
17．What did Lisa and her friends decide to do last fall
A．To do volunteering in Yellowstone National Park.
B．To take a trip to Yellowstone National Park.
C．To find a campsite for travelers.
D．To do some wildlife research.
18．How did Lisa feel when she saw the wildlife
A．Uninterested. B．Surprised.
C．Curious. D．Fearful.
19．What did Lisa and her friends do at Old Faithful
A．They cleaned the site.
B．They played with water.
C．They waited for the geyser to erupt.
D．They had a look at some wild animals.
Rivers are very important. Humans rely on them for food and water. But rivers can destroy things, too. They can flood, or rise over their banks, making the water run into the nearby land. Floods can also kill humans and wildlife. However, floods are not always bad. Some ecosystems need them every once in a while.
Flooding can not only drown animals but also destroy habitats. For example, a flood in India in 2012 killed many one-horned rhinos. Flood waters can pick up dirt from riverbanks, which makes the water dirty. Too much dirt will clog rivers and streams, preventing the river from flowing. Sometimes flood waters can carry pollution to the sea and harm marine (海洋的) life. In addition, flood waters can carry disease, including hepatitis A and cholera.
However, not everything about floods is bad. Sometimes they bring new life to ecosystems. Flood waters carry nutrients (營(yíng)養(yǎng)物) to the nearby land. Over time, the water dries up and leaves behind particles (微粒) of dirt and mud. The particles are called sediment (沉淀物) which can be good due to its ability to improve the dirt and helps plants grow. Floods are important to some animals as well. For instance, some animals see floods as a sign that it is time to mate or migrate. Floods leave sediment on river beds where baby fish can grow and carry nutrients for small animals in the water to eat. Moreover, in dry seasons, water might dry up, but floods help refill the wetlands, keeping the ecosystem going.
Floods are a part of nature. They can destroy living things and the environment. But some ecosystems need floods to survive.
20．What’s the possible meaning of the underlined word “clog” in paragraph 2
A．Block. B．Pollute. C．Become. D．Develop.
21．How do floods help ecosystems
A．Tiny fish going with floods feed some animals.
B．Floods make all the animals migrate more easily.
C．Nutrients carried by floods can make soil richer.
D．Floods can clean the dirt and help plants grow.
22．What’s the main idea of paragraph 3
A．The way in which floods feed animals. B．The benefits of floods to ecosystems.
C．An effective means of improving soil. D．The reason for people’s hating floods.
23．What’s the best title of this article
A．The Good Effects of Flooding B．The Secret of Flooding
C．Floods—a Part of Nature D．Floods—Everything Is So Bad
Antarctica (南極洲) is a great, icy land, surrounded by the huge Southern Ocean. The ice in Antarctica doesn’t just cover the land. There’s also a large area of sea ice, which floats (漂浮) on the ocean’s surface.
Scientists have been measuring the area of the sea ice in Antarctica since 1979. For most of this time, Antarctica has seemed to be almost not influenced by the changing weather conditions experienced in other parts of the planet. In fact, until recent years, Antartica’s sea ice area mainly set records for growing.
That began to change around 2016. Now, for several years, the area of Antartica’s sea ice has been getting smaller. This year, the US National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) reported that Antartica’s sea ice reached its maximum on September 10 — almost two weeks earlier than normal. And the sea ice was at a new record low — not just by a little bit, but by a lot.
The last time Antartica’s low sea ice set a record at the end of winter was in 1986. And this year, there’s about 1.03 million square kilometers less sea ice than in 1986. It’s hard to picture such a large area, but it’s around 1.6 times the size of France.
Scientists are still trying to understand what is driving the change in Antarctica. Ted Scambos, a research scientist at the University of Colorado, says, “Antarctica’s ice levels have always changed some, but the situation this year is pointing towards warmer ocean conditions around the area.”
The new low record has scientists worried. The sea ice is important, because it helps cool the planet. When it’s frozen, sea ice reflects sunlight back out into space. But when the sea ice melts (融化), the water left behind is darker, and takes in and keeps more heat.
24．What did NSIDC find about the sea ice in Antarctica this year
A．It protected the wildlife in the ocean. B．It grew and covered a wider area.
C．It turned out to be difficult to observe. D．It reached a new record low level.
25．Why does the author mention France in paragraph 4
A．To present the total area of the country.
B．To introduce a new topic for discussion.
C．To show the sharp loss of Antarctica’s sea ice.
D．To explain the position of the wonderful land.
26．What causes the change in Antarctica according to Ted Scambos
A．Low rainfall. B．Rising temperatures.
C．Cold weather. D．Short summer months.
27．What can we know about Antarctica’s sea ice
A．It’s key to the earth’s cooling system. B．It’s just a short-term problem.
C．It reminds us to find water resources. D．It offers humans a bright future.
Sea ice in the Antarctic (南極) area fell to a record low this year. The drop is a result of rising temperatures worldwide. And there is no quick method to make up for the ice drop, and the recovery (恢復(fù)) has a long way to go, scientists said recently in a new study.
Antarctica’s smallest summer ice cover fell further to a new low in February. This year’s sea ice minimum (最小值) is 20 percent lower than the average (平均值) over the last 40 years. The sea ice loss equals an area nearly 10 times that of New Zealand.
The warming of Earth’s surface driven by the burning of coal, gas and oil has made Antarctica more likely to suffer from extreme (極端的) events. And the result is almost “certain” to get worse, the study said. Climate change will “l(fā)ead to increases in the size and rate”of heat waves, broken ice shelves and drops in sea ice, it said.
The effects of the Earth’s warming on Antarctica and the surrounding ocean have been uncertain. Scientists have had problems measuring how much the Earth’s warming is altering the thickness of Antarctic ice.
But from events such as the fast drop in sea ice, it is “scientifically reasonable” to suppose that extreme events are going to become worse as temperatures rise worldwide, said Martin Siegert of the University of Exeter, another study co-writer.
Siegert described the temperature increase as completely surprising. Siegert added that luckily the event had happened during the Antarctic winter, instead of summer, or it would have caused melting (融化) on the surface of the East Antarctic ice cover, which has so far been saved from melting.
Siegert used the term “fragile”, meaning easily broken or damaged, to describe Antarctica. “Antarctica is fragile as an environment, but extreme events test that fragility,” he said.
28．What do the scientists think of the recovery of Antarctic sea ice
A．It is hopeful. B．It is difficult.
C．It is on its way. D．It can’t be prevented.
29．Why does the author mention New Zealand
A．To explain the size of sea ice loss. B．To show the position of ice cover.
C．To describe how far Antarctica is. D．To state sea ice is connected to New Zealand.
30．What does the underlined word ”altering“ in paragraph 4 mean
A．Adding. B．Pressing.
C．Changing. D．Protecting.
31．What might have caused worse results according to Siegert
A．Antarctic sea ice is recovering too slowly.
B．The Antarctic ice cover is continuously moving.
C．The environment of Antarctica is easy to break.
D．Extreme events happen in Antarctic summer.
三、七選五閱讀（本大題共1小題）
[江西臨川一中2021高一月考]An earthquake can strike without warning. But many injuries and deaths from this kind of natural disaster can be prevented if people follow these safety tips.
If you're inside a building, stay there! One of the most dangerous things to do in an earthquake is to try to leave a building. 32 Drop down onto the ground. Get under an object that is not easily damaged. Hold on to it until the shaking stops. You can also get to a corner formed by two walls with your arms over your head. If you're in bed when the quake hits, stay there and protect your head with a pillow.
33 Don't take shelter under trees, streetlights, telegraph poles or tall buildings. If you are driving, stop as quickly as possible and stay away from overpasses, buildings, bridges or anything else that might fall or collapse over you. 34
If you are trapped in the ruins, cover your mouth with a handkerchief or a piece of clothing. Use your cellphone to call for help if possible. Don't shout. 35 Tap on a pipe or the wall so rescuers can find you.
Be prepared for aftershocks. 36 However, sometimes they even happen months later. Therefore, if you are not in a safe position after the first shock, you should move quickly but carefully to a safer place.
A．Don't move about or kick up dust.
B．If you're outside, go to an open space.
C．Shouting can cause you to breathe in dust.
D．Don't park your car under a tree or any tall object.
E．Take a good hold of your cellphone in the building.
F．They can happen in the first hours after the earthquake.
G．Most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out.
四、選詞填空完成句子（本大題共5小題）
選詞填空
37．The new law does not the land used for farming.
38．After the earthquake, the whole city lay .
39．His friend has ill health for some years.
40．He isn’t seriously injured but he is .
41．She has an unhappy time recently.
42．We can gain time if we this field.
用damage、ruin、destroy、harm、hurt的適當(dāng)形式填空
43．There are many ancient temples which have fallen into .
44．That town was in a big fire.
45．What they said and did the relations between the two countries.
46．His words my feelings.
47．Drinking too much can one’s health.
選詞填空
48．Try to and just tell me what happened.
49．Children’s lives are every time they cross this road.
50．They had to sleep after the earthquake.
51．Dan and I usually to cook.
52． , I would like to thank you for offering me this opportunity.
53．The emergency services were with medical advice.
54．I want you to my daughter.
55．She looked around to that she was alone.
選詞填空
56．Turn off the water supply before repairs.
57．All doubts had been .
58．There’s a list of repairs your arm.
59．Darren has decided to football at the end of this season.
60．She couldn’t at her critics.
61．The report figures from six different European cities.
62．When the police arrived, the crowd scattered (分散) .
63． your hand if you need more paper.
請(qǐng)用方框中單詞的正確形式完成句子。
injure arrange confident power create
64．Have you made all your travel
65．Two players are out of the team because of .
66．That inventor designed a new kind of machine.
67．I felt I was doing well and my began to grow.
68．An athlete should have a body and a strong mind.
五、單句（本大題共5小題）
69．Everyone was shock, thinking the world must be coming to end. (用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)
70．Only ten people _______ the big fire.These ________ considered their _______ to be a lucky thing.(survive)
71．Doing push-ups every day makes it easy for me (keep) slim.
72．The number of medals that the excellent champion had won (be) 10.
73．The film ________ you are looking forward to seeing will be on tomorrow.
六、應(yīng)用文寫作（本大題共1小題）
74．假如你是學(xué)生會(huì)主席，你校要舉辦一場(chǎng)關(guān)于食品安全的講座。請(qǐng)你以學(xué)生會(huì)的名義發(fā)一則通知，內(nèi)容包括：
1、講座的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)；
2、講座的具體內(nèi)容。
注意：1、寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80字左右；
2、請(qǐng)按以下格式作答。
Notice
參考答案
一、完形（15空）
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】副詞的詞義辨析、動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))的辨析、名詞的詞義辨析、形容詞的詞義辨析、自然生態(tài)、記敘文
【答案】
1．B
2．C
3．D
4．B
5．A
6．C
7．A
8．B
9．C
10．B
11．A
12．D
13．C
14．C
15．D
【詳解】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了龍卷風(fēng)在作者學(xué)校附近登陸，他們采取了緊急避險(xiǎn)措施。雖然學(xué)生們都很害怕，但是他們都表現(xiàn)出超出年紀(jì)的勇敢和冷靜。回顧那一天，作者對(duì)大家的安全、勇氣和勇敢而充滿欣慰。
1．根據(jù)前文as expected和后文prepared for throughout the school year可知，作者他們整個(gè)學(xué)年都在不斷地(continually)為應(yīng)對(duì)龍卷風(fēng)做準(zhǔn)備。故選B項(xiàng)；
2．結(jié)合后文items for a project可知，作者當(dāng)時(shí)正帶一個(gè)學(xué)生去工作間幫忙為一個(gè)項(xiàng)目收集物品。故選C項(xiàng)；
3．根據(jù)前文the alarm started可知，此處指警報(bào)開(kāi)始響起。come about意為“發(fā)生”；blow down意為“吹倒”；send up意為“使(價(jià)值)上升”；go off意為“(警報(bào)器)發(fā)出響聲”。故選D項(xiàng)；
4．結(jié)合后文as fast as I could back to the classroom可知，龍卷風(fēng)來(lái)襲，作者應(yīng)是以最快速度跑回教室的。故選B項(xiàng)；
5．結(jié)合前文prepared for it throughout the school year可知，作者的學(xué)校一直在為應(yīng)對(duì)龍卷風(fēng)做準(zhǔn)備，此處表示他們之前應(yīng)對(duì)龍卷風(fēng)的演練派上了用場(chǎng)。故選A項(xiàng)；
6．根據(jù)后文my students up against the wall可知，作者讓學(xué)生靠墻排成一排。line up意為“(使)排成行”。故選C項(xiàng)；
7．根據(jù)后文they couldn't catch their breath可知，學(xué)生們非常緊張，所以此處指學(xué)生們心跳加速。beat意為“(心臟)跳動(dòng)”； jump意為“跳躍”；drive意為“駕駛”；strike意為“擊打”。故選A項(xiàng)；
8．根據(jù)常識(shí)和前文they couldn't catch their breath可知，龍卷風(fēng)來(lái)襲，學(xué)生們肯定都是很恐懼的。故選B項(xiàng)；
9．結(jié)合后文and dangerous situation可知，此處指恐怖和危險(xiǎn)的情況。vivid意為“生動(dòng)的”；unique意為“獨(dú)特的”；frightening意為“嚇人的”；practical意為“實(shí)際的”。故選C項(xiàng)；
10．結(jié)合后文with the attitudes and mindsets of children much than them可知，此處指學(xué)生們可以用成熟的態(tài)度和心態(tài)來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)龍卷風(fēng)。handle oneself意為“應(yīng)對(duì)”。故選B項(xiàng)；
11．根據(jù)后文than them可知，此處表示學(xué)生們以比他們年齡大很多的孩子的態(tài)度和心態(tài)去面對(duì)危機(jī)。倒數(shù)第二段中的They were brave beyond their 也是提示。故選A項(xiàng)。　；
12．根據(jù)前文作者讓學(xué)生們蹲下、手抱在頭后以及后文directions可知，此處指學(xué)生們遵從指示。follow directions意為“遵從指示”。故選D項(xiàng)；
13．結(jié)合前文some tears可知，此處指眼淚滾落下來(lái)。roll down意為“(眼淚)滾落”。故選C項(xiàng)；
14．結(jié)合前文學(xué)生們都很冷靜勇敢，聽(tīng)從老師和助手的指示可知，他們很信任作者及其助手。purpose意為“目的”；interest意為“興趣”；belief意為“信任”；progress意為“進(jìn)展”。故選C項(xiàng)；
15．根據(jù)前文They were brave beyond their可知，作者認(rèn)為學(xué)生們表現(xiàn)出了超出年齡的勇敢，對(duì)學(xué)生們的表現(xiàn)感到驕傲。故選D項(xiàng)。
二、閱讀單選
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】主旨大意、地理、推理判斷、旅游、細(xì)節(jié)理解、自然生態(tài)、記敘文
【答案】
16．A
17．B
18．B
19．C
【詳解】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Lisa和她的朋友們結(jié)伴瀏覽黃石國(guó)家公園的過(guò)程。
16．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Yellowstone National Park, located in Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming, was established as the first national park in the United States. The park is a popular destination for visitors who engical (生態(tài)的) tourism as it offers forests, mountains, and many ecosystems to explore. (黃石國(guó)家公園位于愛(ài)達(dá)荷州、蒙大拿州和懷俄明州，是美國(guó)第一個(gè)國(guó)家公園。這個(gè)公園是喜歡生態(tài)旅游的游客的熱門目的地，因?yàn)樗猩帧⑸矫}和許多生態(tài)系統(tǒng)可供探索。)”等內(nèi)容可知，第一段的主要介紹了黃石國(guó)家公園。故選A項(xiàng)。
17．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Last fall, Lisa and her friends decided to take a camping trip to Yellowstone National Park. (去年秋天，Lisa和她的朋友們決定去黃石國(guó)家公園露營(yíng)。)”可知，Lisa和她的朋友們?nèi)ツ昵锾鞗Q定去黃石國(guó)家公園旅行。故選B項(xiàng)。
18．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Lisa was blown away by a family of grizzly bears, some gray wolves, and even bald eagles flying overhead. Unexpectedly, she seemed to quite enjoy being in such a great place. (Lisa被一群灰熊、一些灰狼，甚至頭頂上飛過(guò)的禿鷹所震撼。出乎意料的是，她似乎很喜歡待在這樣一個(gè)好地方。)”可知，當(dāng)Lisa看到黃石國(guó)家公園的野生動(dòng)物時(shí)，她感到十分驚奇。故選B項(xiàng)。
19．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Of all of the sites, Lisa and her friends agreed that Old Faithful was the most impressive. Lisa and her friends waited patiently for the geyser to erupt. (在所有的景點(diǎn)中，Lisa和她的朋友們一致認(rèn)為Old Faithful是最令人印象深刻的。Lisa和她的朋友們耐心地等待著間歇泉的噴發(fā)。)”可知，Lisa和她的朋友們?cè)贠ld Faithful等待間歇泉噴發(fā)。故選C項(xiàng)。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】推理判斷、細(xì)節(jié)理解、自然生態(tài)、詞句猜測(cè)、說(shuō)明文
【答案】
20．A
21．C
22．B
23．C
【詳解】
20．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“Flood waters can pick up dirt from riverbanks, which makes the water dirty. (洪水會(huì)從河岸上帶走泥土，使河水變臟。)”、“Too much dirt (太多的泥土)”以及“preventing the river from flowing. (阻止河流流動(dòng)。)”可知，洪水會(huì)沿途吸收泥土，而太多的泥土?xí)氯拥溃灾劣诤铀魈食霈F(xiàn)困難。由此可推測(cè)此處的clog的意思應(yīng)該是“堵塞”。A. Block阻擋；B. Pollute污染；C. Become成為；D. Develop發(fā)展。故選A項(xiàng)。
21． 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“However, not everything about floods is bad. Sometimes they bring new life to ecosystems. Flood waters carry nutrients to the nearby land. Over time, the water dries up and leaves behind particles of dirt and mud. The particles are called sediment which can be good due to its ability to improve the dirt and helps plants grow. (然而，并非所有關(guān)于洪水的事情都是不好的。有時(shí)它們會(huì)給生態(tài)系統(tǒng)帶來(lái)新的生命。洪水把養(yǎng)分帶到附近的土地上。隨著時(shí)間的推移，水干涸了，留下了灰塵和泥漿顆粒。這些顆粒被稱為沉積物，因?yàn)樗芨纳仆寥溃瑤椭参锷L(zhǎng)，所以是有益的。)”可知，洪水沿途所攜帶的營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)可以使土壤更肥沃，從而更好地幫助生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選C項(xiàng)。
22．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“However, not everything about floods is bad. Sometimes they bring new life to ecosystems. (然而，并非所有關(guān)于洪水的事情都是不好的。有時(shí)它們會(huì)給生態(tài)系統(tǒng)帶來(lái)新的生命。)”以及“Floods are important to some animals as well. (洪水對(duì)一些動(dòng)物也很重要)”以及“Moreover, in dry seasons, water might dry up, but floods help refill the wetlands, keeping the ecosystem going.(此外，在旱季，水可能會(huì)干涸，但洪水有助于補(bǔ)充濕地，保持生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn))”可知，文章第三段主要講的是洪水對(duì)于生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的好處。故選B項(xiàng)。
23．標(biāo)題判斷題。通讀全文，可以看到文章前兩段主要講洪水對(duì)于生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的不利的方面，第三段主要講洪水對(duì)于生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的益處，文章最后一段“Floods are a part of nature. They can destroy living things and the environment. But some ecosystems need floods to survive. (洪水是自然的一部分。它們會(huì)破壞生物和環(huán)境。但有些生態(tài)系統(tǒng)需要洪水才能生存。)”總結(jié)全文，點(diǎn)明主題——洪水是大自然的一部分。所以“洪水是大自然的一部分”作為標(biāo)題最合適。故選C項(xiàng)。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】推理判斷、環(huán)境保護(hù)、細(xì)節(jié)理解、自然生態(tài)、說(shuō)明文
【答案】
24．D
25．C
26．B
27．A
【詳解】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了，今年南極洲的海冰面積創(chuàng)下歷史新低，引發(fā)科學(xué)家擔(dān)憂。
24．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中“Now, for several years, the area of Antartica’s sea ice has been getting smaller. This year, the US National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) reported that Antartica’s sea ice reached its maximum on September 10 — almost two weeks earlier than normal. And the sea ice was at a new record low — not just by a little bit, but by a lot. (現(xiàn)在，幾年來(lái)，南極洲的海冰面積一直在變小。今年，美國(guó)國(guó)家冰雪數(shù)據(jù)中心（NSIDC）報(bào)告稱，南極洲的海冰在9月10日達(dá)到最大值，比正常情況早了近兩周。海冰也創(chuàng)下了歷史新低——不僅少一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)，而且少很多)”可知，NSIDC今年對(duì)南極洲海冰的檢測(cè)，發(fā)現(xiàn)南極洲的海冰面積達(dá)到了歷史新低。故選D項(xiàng)。
25．推理判斷題。由第四段“The last time Antartica’s low sea ice set a record at the end of winter was in 1986. And this year, there’s about 1.03 million square kilometers less sea ice than in 1986. It’s hard to picture such a large area, but it’s around 1.6 times the size of France. (上一次南極洲在1986年冬季結(jié)束時(shí)創(chuàng)下海冰面積少紀(jì)錄。今年的海冰面積比1986年減少了約103萬(wàn)平方公里。很難想象這么大的面積，但它的面積大約是法國(guó)的1.6倍)”可知，30多年的時(shí)間，南極洲海冰消失的面積相當(dāng)于法國(guó)國(guó)土面積，這是很大的面積，提到法國(guó)是為了顯示南極洲海冰的急劇減少。故選C項(xiàng)。
26．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二段中Ted Scambos說(shuō)的話“Antarctica’s ice levels have always changed some, but the situation this year is pointing towards warmer ocean conditions around the area.”(南極洲的冰平面總是有一些變化，但今年的情況表明，該地區(qū)周圍的海洋條件更加溫暖)”可知，Ted Scambos認(rèn)為氣溫上升導(dǎo)致了南極洲的變化。故選B項(xiàng)。
27．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段中“The sea ice is important, because it helps cool the planet. When it’s frozen, sea ice reflects sunlight back out into space. But when the sea ice melts (融化), the water left behind is darker, and takes in and keeps more heat. (海冰很重要，因?yàn)樗兄诶鋮s地球。當(dāng)海冰結(jié)冰時(shí)，它會(huì)將陽(yáng)光反射回太空。但當(dāng)海冰融化時(shí)，留下的水會(huì)變黑，吸收并保持更多的熱量)”可知，海冰對(duì)地球有冷卻作用，說(shuō)明南極洲的海冰是地球冷卻系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵。故選A項(xiàng)。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】推理判斷、細(xì)節(jié)理解、自然生態(tài)、詞句猜測(cè)、說(shuō)明文
【答案】
28．B
29．A
30．C
31．D
【詳解】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章談?wù)摰脑掝}是南極洲的海冰降至歷史最低點(diǎn)。這種下降是全球氣溫上升的結(jié)果。科學(xué)家們?cè)谧罱囊豁?xiàng)新研究中說(shuō)，沒(méi)有什么快速的辦法來(lái)彌補(bǔ)冰的下降。
28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容“And there is no quick method to make up for the ice drop, and the recovery(恢復(fù))has a long way to go, scientists said recently in a new study. (科學(xué)家們?cè)谧罱囊豁?xiàng)新研究中說(shuō)，沒(méi)有快速的方法來(lái)彌補(bǔ)冰的下降，恢復(fù)還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走)”可知，南極海冰的恢復(fù)是很困難的。故選B。
29．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容“This year’s sea ice minimum (最小值) is 20 percent lower than the average (平均值) over the last 40 years. The sea ice loss equals an area nearly 10 times that of New Zealand. (今年的海冰最小值比過(guò)去40年的平均值低20%。海冰損失相當(dāng)于新西蘭面積的近10倍)”可知，作者提到了新西蘭來(lái)解釋海冰損失的規(guī)模。故選A。
30．詞句猜測(cè)題。 根據(jù)此處前文“measuring how much the Earth’s warming (測(cè)量地球變暖的程度)”以及后文“the thickness of Antarctic ice. (南極冰的厚度)”的內(nèi)容可知，地球變暖會(huì)改變對(duì)南極冰層厚度程度。此處altering的意思是“改變”, 與changing是同義詞。故選C。
31．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容“Siegert added that luckily the event had happened during the Antarctic winter, instead of summer, or it would have caused melting(融化)on the surface of the East Antarctic ice cover, which has so far been saved from melting. (西格特補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，幸運(yùn)的是，這一事件發(fā)生在南極的冬季，而不是夏季，否則它將導(dǎo)致南極東部冰蓋表面融化，到目前為止，南極東部冰蓋還沒(méi)有融化)”可知， 如果發(fā)生在夏季，有可能會(huì)發(fā)生極端事件。故選D。
三、七選五閱讀
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】安全與急救、申請(qǐng)、請(qǐng)求和建議、說(shuō)明文
【答案】
32．G
33．B
34．D
35．C
36．F
【詳解】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了在地震中如何防止傷亡的一些安全建議。
32．根據(jù)前文中的One of the most dangerous things to do in an earthquake is to try to leave a building.可知，此處承接前文，應(yīng)說(shuō)明許多的傷害都是發(fā)生在建筑物內(nèi)的人盡力離開(kāi)建筑物的時(shí)候。故選G項(xiàng)。
33．根據(jù)上一段提到的在室內(nèi)的安全做法，和空后的Don't take shelter under trees, streetlights, telegraph poles or tall buildings.可知，此處是指在戶外的安全做法，即要到空曠的地方。故選B項(xiàng)。
34．根據(jù)前文中的If you are driving, stop as quickly as possible and stay away from overpasses, buildings, bridges or anything else that might fall or collapse over you.可知，此處應(yīng)承接前文，指出不要把你的車停在樹(shù)下或任何高的物體下。故選D項(xiàng)。
35．前文中的Don't shout.與 C項(xiàng)(大叫可能會(huì)讓你吸入灰塵)銜接自然，故選C項(xiàng)。
36．前文中的Be prepared for aftershocks.與F項(xiàng)(它們可能發(fā)生在地震后的前幾個(gè)小時(shí)之內(nèi))銜接自然，故選F項(xiàng)。
四、選詞填空完成句子
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】do作助動(dòng)詞、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、語(yǔ)法一致
【答案】
37．refer to；
38．in ruins；
39．suffered from；
40．in shock；
41．gone through；
42．cut across
【分析】
考查選詞填空。
37．考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：新法律不涉及用作耕種的土地。結(jié)合句意表示“涉及”短語(yǔ)為refer to，根據(jù)上文does not可知應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形。故填refer to。
38．考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：地震后，整個(gè)城市成了一片廢墟。結(jié)合句意表示“一片廢墟”短語(yǔ)為in ruins。故填in ruins。
39．考查固定短語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：他的朋友幾年來(lái)一直遭受著不健康的困擾。結(jié)合句意表示“遭受”短語(yǔ)為suffer from。結(jié)合下文for some years可知為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故填suffered from。
40．考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：他傷勢(shì)不重，但處于休克狀態(tài)。結(jié)合句意表示“休克”短語(yǔ)為in shock。故填in shock。
41．考查固定短語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：她最近經(jīng)歷了一段不愉快的時(shí)光。結(jié)合句意表示“經(jīng)歷；度過(guò)”短語(yǔ)為go through,結(jié)合下文recently可知為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故填gone through。
42．考查固定短語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：如果我們抄近路穿過(guò)這塊地，就能爭(zhēng)取時(shí)間。結(jié)合句意表示“抄近路通過(guò)”短語(yǔ)為cut across，且此處為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為we，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形。故填cut across。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】一般過(guò)去時(shí)的基本用法和結(jié)構(gòu)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)、可數(shù)名詞及其單、復(fù)數(shù)、表能力
【答案】
43．ruins；
44．destroyed；
45．damaged；
46．hurt；
47．harm##damage
【詳解】
43．考查名詞。句意：有許多古老的廟宇已成為廢墟。根據(jù)句意可知，空處應(yīng)填名詞，fall into ruins為固定搭配，意為“成為廢墟”。故填ruins。
44．考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：那個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)在一場(chǎng)大火中被毀了。destroy表示“毀壞”，損壞徹底、程度嚴(yán)重，無(wú)法修復(fù)，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，此處應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞和was構(gòu)成一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填destroyed。
45．考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)。句意：他們的言行損害了兩國(guó)之間的關(guān)系。damage一般指局部的損壞，不能發(fā)揮正常的功能而不是徹底性地破壞，經(jīng)修復(fù)后仍可使用。設(shè)空處為主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞said和did可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填damaged。
46．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：他的話傷了我的感情。hurt可以指對(duì)肉體造成的疼痛感，也指對(duì)情感造成傷害，其結(jié)果可以明顯感覺(jué)到，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知陳述過(guò)去的事情，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填hurt。
47．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：飲酒過(guò)多會(huì)損害健康。harm和damage指造成肉體或精神上的痛苦或損害，而且經(jīng)常是隱性的。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后接動(dòng)詞原形。故填harm/damage。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)、固定句式和習(xí)語(yǔ)、祈使句的肯定形式、語(yǔ)法一致
【答案】
48．stay calm##keep calm；
49．in danger；
50．in the open air；
51．take turns；
52．First of all；
53．on hand；
54．stay away from；
55．make sure
【分析】
本大題用所給短語(yǔ)的正確形式填空。做這種練習(xí)時(shí)，首先要弄清所給短語(yǔ)的意思，分析每個(gè)句子，根據(jù)具體的語(yǔ)境來(lái)判斷缺少的部分的意思找到正確的短語(yǔ)，再根據(jù)在句子所做的成份確定其時(shí)態(tài)及語(yǔ)態(tài)，是謂語(yǔ)還是非謂語(yǔ)。更要注意的是有些是固定搭配和習(xí)慣用法，遵行英語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣用法，才能正確地完成本題。
48．考查語(yǔ)境及固定搭配。句意：保持冷靜，告訴我發(fā)生了什么事。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，本空可填“stay /keep calm”意為“保持冷靜”。本句是祈使句，所以要用動(dòng)詞原形，故填stay/keep calm。
49．考查語(yǔ)境及固定搭配。句意：孩子們每次過(guò)這條路都有生命危險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境“every time they cross this road”可知，此處是指孩子們過(guò)這條馬路，會(huì)有危險(xiǎn)。固定搭配“in danger ”意為“處于危險(xiǎn)中”，故填in danger。
50．考查語(yǔ)境及固定搭配。句意：地震后他們不得不在室外睡覺(jué)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境“after the earthquake”可知，地城震發(fā)生后，可知“在戶外睡覺(jué)”符合題意，而“in the open air”意為“在露天里，在室外”，故填in the open air。
51．考查語(yǔ)境及固定搭配。句意：丹和我通常輪流做飯。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此空在句中做謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)“usually”可知要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是兩個(gè)人是復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填take turns。
52．考查語(yǔ)境及固定搭配。句意：首先，我要感謝你們給我這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和常識(shí)可知，此處要用“first of all”，意為“首先”。因?yàn)楸驹~在句首，所以first第一個(gè)字母要大寫，故填First of all。
53．考查語(yǔ)境及固定搭配。句意：急救服務(wù)隨時(shí)提供醫(yī)療建議。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處是指急救服務(wù)隨時(shí)可提供。根據(jù)提供的短語(yǔ)可知，“on hand”意為“在手邊，在場(chǎng)”。故本空填on hand。
54．考查語(yǔ)境及固定搭配。句意：我要你離我女兒遠(yuǎn)點(diǎn)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，本空是指“離......遠(yuǎn)點(diǎn)”，“stay away from”意為“離......遠(yuǎn)點(diǎn)”，故填stay away from。
55．考查語(yǔ)境及固定搭配。句意：她環(huán)顧四周，確定自己是一個(gè)人。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此句是指環(huán)顧四周以確定自己是獨(dú)自一人。固定搭配“make sure”意為“確信/確定”，故填make sure。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、不定式的一般式：to+動(dòng)詞原形、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)、固定句式和習(xí)語(yǔ)、祈使句的肯定形式、表能力、語(yǔ)法一致、過(guò)去完成時(shí)
【答案】
56．carrying out；
57．swept away；
58．a(chǎn)s long as；
59．give up；
60．strike out；
61．is based on；
62．in all directions；
63．Put；up
【分析】
考查選詞填空。
56．考查固定短語(yǔ)和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在進(jìn)行修理之前，先把水關(guān)掉。結(jié)合句意表示“實(shí)施；進(jìn)行”短語(yǔ)為carry out，且before為介詞后跟動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)。故填carrying out。
57．考查固定短語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：一切疑慮都煙消云散了。結(jié)合句意表示“一掃而空”短語(yǔ)為sweep away，結(jié)合上文All doubts had been可知，此處為過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填swept away。
58．考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：有一份和你手臂一樣長(zhǎng)的需要修理清單。結(jié)合句意表示“和……一樣長(zhǎng)”短語(yǔ)為as long as。故填as long as。
59．考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：達(dá)倫決定在這個(gè)賽季結(jié)束后放棄足球。結(jié)合句意表示“放棄”短語(yǔ)為give up，結(jié)合上文decide to do sth.可知，此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形。故填give up。
60．考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：她無(wú)法反駁那些批評(píng)她的人。結(jié)合句意表示“反駁；猛烈抨擊”短語(yǔ)為strike out，結(jié)合上文couldn’t可知，此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形。故填strike out。
61．考查固定短語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：該報(bào)告是基于六個(gè)不同歐洲城市的數(shù)據(jù)。結(jié)合句意表示“以……為基礎(chǔ)；基于”短語(yǔ)為be based on，此處描述客觀事實(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為report，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)。故填is based on。
62．考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：警察一到，人群就四散開(kāi)來(lái)。結(jié)合句意表示“向四面八方”短語(yǔ)為in all directions。故填in all directions。
63．考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：如果需要更多的紙，請(qǐng)舉手。結(jié)合句意表示“舉起”短語(yǔ)為put up，此處為祈使句，句首動(dòng)詞用原形。故填Put和up。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】介詞、可數(shù)名詞及其單、復(fù)數(shù)、形容詞的基本形式、過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)意義
【答案】
64．a(chǎn)rranged
65．injury
66．creative
67．confidence
68．powerful
【詳解】
64．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：你安排好你的旅程了嗎？這里是考查動(dòng)詞make的用法，根據(jù)句意，這里是說(shuō)安排旅程，故選arrange。句中的travel和arrange之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，即make sth. done“使某事被做”，arrange用過(guò)去分詞形式。故填arranged。
65．考查名詞。句意：兩名運(yùn)動(dòng)員因?yàn)槭軅顺隽吮荣悺ecause of后面接名詞，因?yàn)閛f是個(gè)介詞，后面需要接名詞構(gòu)成介賓結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)句意，這里是說(shuō)由于受傷退出，故選injure，injure的名詞形式為injury。故填injury。
66．考查形容詞。句意：那個(gè)富有創(chuàng)造力的發(fā)明家設(shè)計(jì)出了一款新型機(jī)器。根據(jù)句意以及句子成分分析，橫線上缺少形容詞，create的形容詞creative符合題意。故填creative。
67．考查名詞。句意：我感覺(jué)到我做的很好，我的信心開(kāi)始增長(zhǎng)。根據(jù)前面的doing well可知，后面是說(shuō)更有自信，故選confident。根據(jù)句子成分分析，my后面需填名詞。故填confidence。
68．考查形容詞。句意：運(yùn)動(dòng)員應(yīng)該有強(qiáng)健的體魄和堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意志。根據(jù)后面的strong mind可知，前面說(shuō)的是強(qiáng)有力的身體，故選power。橫線上的詞修飾body，需填形容詞形式。故填powerful。
五、單句
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】不定冠詞、介詞短語(yǔ)
69．【答案】 in an
【詳解】考查介詞和冠詞。句意：每個(gè)人都震驚了，認(rèn)為世界一定要結(jié)束了。第一空為短語(yǔ)in shock表示“震驚”；第二空為短語(yǔ)come to an end表示“結(jié)束”。故填①in；②an。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】一般過(guò)去時(shí)的基本用法和結(jié)構(gòu)、不可數(shù)名詞、可數(shù)名詞及其單、復(fù)數(shù)、名詞作主語(yǔ)、名詞作賓語(yǔ)
70．【答案】survived survivors survival
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】不定式的一般式：to+動(dòng)詞原形、動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)
71．【答案】to keep
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】一般過(guò)去時(shí)的基本用法和結(jié)構(gòu)
72．【答案】was
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】that/which引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句
73．【答案】that/which
六、應(yīng)用文寫作
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】一般將來(lái)時(shí)、通知/海報(bào)、飲食
74．【答案】范文：
Notice
To help us students better know about the safety of food, our school will hold a lecture on it in the school hall from 3:30 pm to 5:30 pm this Saturday.
The lecture will be given by Mr Li, who has been studying the safety of food for years. Mr Li will state the health habits we should develop. He will also show where dangerous food comes from with photos and videos. Most importantly, he will teach us ways to give first aid when food safety accidents happen.
Please be sure to attend it on time .
The Students’ Union
April 20th 2024
【詳解】1、 詞匯積累
了解：know about→understand
養(yǎng)成……習(xí)慣：develop…h(huán)abits→form…h(huán)abits
重要地：importantly→significantly
發(fā)生：happen→occur
2、 句式拓展
同義句轉(zhuǎn)換
原句：Mr Li will state the health habits we should develop. He will also show where dangerous food comes from with photos and videos.
拓展句：Mr Li will not only state the health habits we should develop, but also show where dangerous food comes from with photos and videos.
【點(diǎn)睛】〖高分句型1〗The lecture will be given by Mr Li, who has been studying the safety of food for years.(使用了who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)
〖高分句型2〗Most importantly, he will teach us ways to give first aid when food safety accidents happen. (使用了不定式作后置定語(yǔ)、when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句)
第 page number 頁(yè)，共 number of pages 頁(yè)
第 page number 頁(yè)，共 number of pages 頁(yè)

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