資源簡介

Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
維度一：品句填詞
1.The studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more 　　　　　　（復雜的） works.
2.TV 　　　　　　（商業廣告） play an important role in promoting the company’s products among consumers.
3.Under the 　　　　　　（情形；情況）， it seemed better not to tell him about the accident.
4.The gentleman does not want to go to court unless all other 　　　　　　（可供選擇的事物） have failed.
5.While I have only listed two of each， there are obviously many other situations that can 　　　　　　　　（出現）.
6.I’m afraid I can’t go to the party tonight as I’m working the night s　　　　　　.
7.The road and railway line d　　　　　　 at the bottom of the hill.
8.If you have access to stairs， there are n　　　　 exercises you can do using just two stairs.
維度二：詞形轉換
1.During the Chinese New Year， people in some places will buy oranges， which 　　　　　　（symbol） good fortune.
2.He wept for the loss of his grandmother and only then did he realize her deep 　　　　　　（affect）.
3.If you go to an English corner， try to change the types of activities you take part in so that you can improve both 　　　　　　（fluent） and accuracy.
4.I 　　　　　　（sincere） beg your pardon， if I have hurt or offended you.I did it quite unintentionally.
5.My first impression of him was that he was a kind and 　　　　　　　　（thought） correspondent.
6.The employer guarantees that 　　　　　　（qualify） and motivated employees deserve a high salary.
7.Facing the possessions left to him by his father， the man had a 　　　　　　（mix） of emotions.
維度三：固定搭配和句式
1.Skipping breakfast often 　　　　　　（導致） low energy levels and poor concentration.
2.We should 　　　　　　　　　　（充分利用） our teaching facilities to explore their inner world and rate their academic performance.
3.He will 　　　　　　（推遲） the picnic until 1 May， when he will be free.
4.The film is so remarkable that we 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（禁不住愛上它）.
5.　　　　　　　　　　　　 （無論好還是壞），what we can do is move forward.
6.　　　　　　　　　　　　 （說出……是不可能的） what he is going to do.
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　“I wish I grew up back in your childhood，” my 14-year-old son said to me.He has an iPhone that is newer than mine.He has many kind friends.There are many forms of entertainment today and he can find nearly all of human knowledge through the Internet.However， he wishes he grew up in the 1970s and 1980s.“Why？” I asked.My son’s answer involves freedom， risk and over-involvement of adults in kids’ lives.
　　My son has heard his dad tell stories of summer days at the river with his friends.They would jump off the wooden bridge into the water below.My son lives just a few blocks from the same river and the same bridge.The town hasn’t changed， but times have changed.My son knows that if he and his friends try to jump off the bridge and swim as his dad did many times， the most likely outcome （結果） is that some kind adults will call the police.
　　At 14， an age at which， in generations past， most boys were contributing to the wellbeing of their families by working， and my son is ready， able and willing to put his skills and strength to the test in the real world.However， he， like so many other American boys and girls， is prevented by a culture that seems to have raised safety to the highest regard， without considering how a lack of risk might negatively affect kids’ development.
　　Let kids try some risky things — cutting the lawn， using tools and sharp knives， starting a fire， cooking — under the supervision （監管） of an adult who tells them safety rules.Allow your kids to gradually take more responsibility.A kid who helps prepare and cook meals will be better prepared to cook independently.
　　Above all， encourage and praise your kids’ determination.Their desire to deal with challenges and take risks will serve them well in the years to come.
1.Why does the author mention her son？（　　）
A.To praise her son for his creativity.
B.To encourage kids to live a simple life.
C.To introduce the topic of kids’ lacking chances to risk.
D.To show kids’ love for their parents’ childhood life.
2.If trying to jump into the river， the author’s son will probably be 　　　　.（　　）
A.warned of danger
B.stopped by the police
C.praised for his courage
D.punished seriously by his parents
3.What does the author advise parents to do？（　　）
A.Try risky things before their kids.
B.Help their kids complete risky things.
C.Let their kids know the safety rules first.
D.Supervise their kids when they are doing risky things.
4.What might be the best title for this passage？（　　）
A.Let Your Kids Take a Risk！
B.Improve Your Kids’ Determination！
C.Don’t Be Afraid When Facing Challenges！
D.Share Your Childhood Life with Your Kids！
B
　　Ernest Miller Hemingway was an American author and journalist.His unique writing style greatly influenced 20th-century fiction， as did his life of adventure and public image.He won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954.Many of his works are classics of American literature.He published seven novels， six short story collections， and two non-fiction works during his lifetime； a further three novels， four collections of short stories， and three non-fiction works were published posthumously.
　　Hemingway was born and raised in Oak Park， Illinois.After leaving high school， he worked for a few months as a reporter for The Kansas City Star， before leaving for the Italian front to become an ambulance driver during World War Ⅰ， which became the basis for his novel A Farewell to Arms.
　　In 1922 Hemingway married Hadley Richardson， the first of his four wives， and the couple moved to Paris， where he worked as a foreign correspondent.During his time there he met and was influenced by modernist writers and artists of the 1920s expatriate （僑居海外的） community known as the “Lost Generation”.His novel， The Sun Also Rises， was published in 1926.
　　After divorcing Hadley Richardson in 1927， Hemingway married Pauline Pfeiffer； they divorced following Hemingway’s return from covering the Spanish Civil War， after which he wrote For Whom the Bell Tolls.Martha Gellhorn became his third wife in 1940， but he left her for Mary Welsh after World War Ⅱ.
　　Shortly after the publication of The Old Man and the Sea in 1952， Hemingway went on safari to Africa， where he was almost killed in a plane crash that left him in pain or ill-health for much of the rest of his life.
　　Hemingway had permanent residences in Key West， Florida， and Cuba during the 1930s and 1940s， but in 1959 he moved from Cuba to Ketchum， Idaho， where he died in the summer of 1961.
5.What does Hemingway’s unique writing style have the most influence on？（　　）
A.His life of adventure.
B.His public image.
C.20th-century fiction.
D.American lifestyle.
6.What does the underlined word “posthumously” in the first paragraph mean？（　　）
A.During one’s life.
B.After one’s death.
C.During one’s absence.
D.At one’s presence.
7.What is the setting of the novel A Farewell to Arms？（　　）
A.It is set in Oak Park， Illinois.
B.It is set in his high school.
C.It is set in The Kansas City Star.
D.It is set in the Italian front.
8.How are Hemingway’s novels introduced to readers in the text？（　　）
A.By popularity. B.By time.
C.By importance. D.By subject.
C
　　Most of us set a goal with energy and motivation.If it is achieved， we will feel we are on cloud nine.But in most cases， we can’t reach our goals easily.Why do we often fail to hit the target？ The answer lies in the disconnection between our brains’ evaluation of rewards and the “get it done” realities that influence our behavior.
　　Our brains are reward-driven organs charged by neurotransmitters （神經遞質） that fuel our drives and desires， and it’s easy for us to get carried away in this chemical tsunami.So， when we set up a goal， our focus is on the reward.We picture getting the reward， and how we’ll feel when we make it， which pushes us into action.But once we begin， we come face to face with what’s really required to reach the goal and our focus shifts from reward to effort.
　　In other words， a focus on rewards fuels the pursuit， but a focus on effort takes over when the work starts.For example， getting up early to exercise for a new healthy lifestyle might seem like a good choice， but once your alarm goes off on a cold January morning， the rewards aren’t enough to get you up and out of bed.When we face the reality of our choices， we realize the effort is too much and give up.
　　In fairness， though， we don’t always have the best sense of how much effort something will require， especially if it’s a goal we haven’t pursued before.Getting better at setting goals has much to do with figuring this out and not letting ourselves forget the lesson.
　　Next time， begin our goal pursuits with as much realistic acknowledgment of the effort required as possible.Then， once we begin， refocus back to the reward and continue the efforts.
9.What does the underlined phrase “on cloud nine” in Paragraph 1 mean？（　　）
A.Scared. B.Overjoyed.
C.Restless. D.Weary.
10.What may account for one’s unachieved goal？（　　）
A.Aiming high， working less.
B.Speaking more， doing less.
C.More efforts， less speed.
D.More pains， more gains.
11.What do people often fail to recognize in setting goals？（　　）
A.Duration. B.Effort.
C.Cost. D.Reward.
12.What’s the author’s advice to us？（　　）
A.Refocus back to the goal.
B.Achieve your goal step by step.
C.Accept failure and learn from the past.
D.Set practical goals and work consistently.
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　New Year’s resolutions （決心） usually are like some of those promises that are meant to be broken.The word “New” in the new year， puts a lot of pressure on starting over and turning a new leaf.But you must remember you cannot just become a different person overnight when the clock strikes 12.13.（　　）.Instead of making resolutions that cause you stress， anxiety or more pain， set out this year by.Making resolutions that will encourage self-care.
　　To start fresh this New Year’s Day， here are a few tips setting realistic new years’ resolutions in order to avoid the burden of disappointment next year.
　　Choose a very specific goal
　　Unclear plans like “lose weight” “exercise more” or “write more” are goals with no teeth.
　　They are unclear plans and desires， and are very easy to explain away due to how unclear they are.14.（　　）.Such goals with a certain task， are much more doable than unclear goals.
　　15.（　　）
　　Once you have chosen your goals， make a very detailed plan of how you will reach that goal.Having a plan and a pathway can help you imagine your progress and won’t make you impatient for immediate results.That way you will have already imagined what progress would look like for you in say， 3 months， 5 months， 7 months or every day depending on your goals.
　　Get yourself a social group
　　In today’s social media world， it is easy to find a group of like-minded individuals interested in sharing your goal.Get yourself a social group like this.However， just as there is this bright side to having a social group， the problem is the pressure.Don’t get consumed by social media and what others are doing.16.（　　）.
　　Accept failure and forgive yourself
　　17.（　　）.Accept this failure， own it and forgive yourself.Being hard on yourself will only do you more harm， so instead learn from what went wrong and instead of quitting the resolution at the end of next year， see it through until you reach your goal.
A.Make a plan to reach that goal
B.Be patient with your progress
C.Instead， set goals like “exercise 20 minutes every day” or “lose 15 pounds”
D.Despite all your efforts， it is possible that you might fail or make a mistake
E.Therefore， new year’s resolutions usually end up in failure
F.Change is a difficult process — the key words being “difficult” and “process”
G.Remember you have this group only for support， not for comparison
Ⅲ.應用文寫作
　　假定你是李華，你市將在12月3日“國際殘疾人日”舉行活動，目前正在招募志愿者，請你用英語寫一封申請信，內容包括：
　　1.提出申請；
　　2.你的優勢。
注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；
2.請按如下格式作答。
參考詞匯：國際殘疾人日International Day of Disabled Persons
Dear Sir or Madam，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　 　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　
Yours，
Li Hua
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
基礎知識自測
維度一
1.complex　2.commercials 　3.circumstances　
4.alternatives　5.arise　6.shift　7.diverge　8.numerous
維度二
1.symbolize　2.affection　3.fluency　4.sincerely　
5.thoughtful　6.qualified　7.mixture
維度三
1.results in
2.make the most of
3.put off
4.cannot help but fall in love with it
5.Whether good or bad
6.There is no telling
素養能力提升
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。通過描述孩子的愿望，作者認為孩子應該在成人的監護下適當從事一些冒險的事情，家長不應該一味地保護孩子。
1.C　推理判斷題。根據第一段首句和末句可知，作者兒子希望回到作者那時候的童年。這說明孩子羨慕作者那時的童年，而在問到為什么時，作者兒子的回答中涉及“自由、冒險以及成年人的過度干預”；再結合下文中作者論述的關于成年人如何培養孩子的問題可推斷，作者提到她的兒子是為了引出本文的話題：孩子缺乏冒險機會。
2.B　細節理解題。根據第二段末句可知，作者兒子知道，如果跳下河去游泳的話，好心的成年人會報警，也就是說，警察會來阻止作者兒子隨意跳下河去游泳。
3.D　細節理解題。根據第四段首句可知，作者建議，在有家長監管的情況下，讓孩子去嘗試一些有風險的事情，也就是說，在孩子做危險的事情時監督他們。
4.A　標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了作者認為孩子應該在家長的監督下進行一些適當的冒險事情。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了作家海明威，他一生中寫了很多名著，他的冒險生活和公共形象也對后代有很大影響。
5.C　細節理解題。根據第一段中的His unique writing style greatly influenced 20th-century fiction可知，海明威獨特的寫作風格對20世紀的小說影響最大。
6.B　詞義猜測題。根據語境可知，畫線詞與上文中的during his lifetime作對比，因此posthumously意為“在某人去世后”。
7.D　細節理解題。根據第二段中的before leaving for the Italian front to become an ambulance driver during World War Ⅰ， which became the basis for his novel A Farewell to Arms可知，小說A Farewell to Arms以意大利前線為背景。
8.B　細節理解題。根據第二段和下文的in 1922、 in 1926、 in 1927、 in 1940、 in 1952、 in 1959和in the summer of 1961可知，本文是按照時間順序把海明威的小說介紹給讀者的。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了人們確立目標的過程及放棄的原因，并提出了建議。
9.B　詞義猜測題。根據文章首句和畫線詞所在句可知，如果我們設立的目標實現了，我們就會感到很開心。由此推測，畫線詞與overjoyed意思相近。
10.A　推理判斷題。根據第三段第一句和最后一句可知，人們可能因為豐厚的回報而確立較高的目標，但當為此付出行動時，卻發現要想實現這個目標需要付出很多努力，這時，如果努力不夠，目標可能就無法實現。
11.B　推理判斷題。根據第二段第二句及倒數第二段第一句可知，人們確立目標時，會關注到如果成功則會帶來回報，而不會意識到需要付出多少努力。
12.D　細節理解題。根據最后一段內容可知，作者建議人們設定切實可行的目標，并為之持續努力。
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如何制訂并有效完成新年計劃。
13.F　根據空前一句可知，改變不是瞬間就可以實現的，所填句應與此銜接，表示改變會是一個緩慢或艱難的過程。F項（改變是一個艱難的過程，關鍵詞是“困難”和“過程”）符合語境。
14.C　根據本段小標題以及設空前后句可知，空處表示要設定具體的目標，與前句形成對比，與后句形成呼應。C項（相反，設定像“每天鍛煉20分鐘”或“減掉15磅”這樣的目標）承上啟下。
15.A　設空處為本段小標題。根據段中make a very detailed plan及Having a plan and ...for immediate results.可知，本段建議大家制訂一個相應的計劃以達到目標。A項概括了該段內容。
16.G　空前兩句指出，加入社交群體有正反兩方面，并提出建議：“不要沉迷于社交群體和別人在做什么。”由此推斷，所填句會解釋提出此建議的緣由，即“加入社交群體的目的是要獲得支持或幫助，而不是比較”。G項承接上文內容。
17.D　根據段落小標題可知，本段主要講述實現新年計劃的過程會困難重重，雖然你會很努力，但失敗是不可避免的，你也會因此而犯錯。D項（盡管你盡了全力，還是有可能失敗或犯錯誤）符合語境。
Ⅲ.
Dear Sir or Madam，
I’m Li Hua， a middle school student.Knowing that an activity will be held on the International Day of Disabled Persons， I apply to be a volunteer.
Firstly， I have a good command of English， which can make me communicate with foreigners well.Secondly， I’m outgoing， and I like dealing with others.Thirdly， I have done a lot of volunteer work during my free time， so I have much experience.
I would appreciate it if you could give me a chance.I’m looking forward to your early reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
5 / 5Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
The Road Not Taken
　Two roads diverged in a yellow wood，
　And sorry I could not travel both
　And be one traveler， long I stood
　And looked down one as far as I could
　To where it bent in the undergrowth①；
　Then took the other， as just as fair，
　And having perhaps the better claim，
　Because it was grassy and wanted wear；
　Though as for that， the passing there
　Had worn them really about the same，
　And both that morning equally lay
　In leaves no step had trodden black.
　Oh， I kept the first for another day！
　Yet knowing how way leads on to way，
　I doubted if I should ever come back.
　I shall be telling this with a sigh
　Somewhere ages and ages hence：
　Two roads diverged in a wood， and I —
　I took the one less traveled by，
　And that has made all the difference.
　　Lines from the poem The Road Not Taken are often quoted② in speeches of all kinds③.The poem has been set to④ music by a number of artists and used in numerous⑤television commercials.[1] It has in fact become one of the most famous American poems of all time⑥， not only because of its natural style， but also because of its thoughtful⑦ insights into⑧ human nature.
　　[1]本句為簡單句，not only ...but also ...連接并列的原因狀語。
　　[2] When reading The Road Not Taken， one cannot help but see in one’s mind images of a peaceful wood deep within the
【讀文清障】
①undergrowth n.（長在大樹下或周邊的）下木層，下層灌木叢
②quote v.引用；引述
③of all kinds各種各樣的
④be set to被設為；被改編為……
⑤numerous adj.許多的，很多的
⑥of all time有史以來
⑦thoughtful adj.認真思考的，深思的
⑧insight into對……的深刻理解；洞察力
countryside. Paths in the woods are often used to symbolize⑨ how our lives progress⑩ and change.The lines “Two roads diverged in a yellow wood，/And sorry I could not travel both” give us a visual representation of the choices that we face and the decisions that we need to make.Life throws many alternatives at us on a daily basis .These range from the basic “What should I wear today？” to the key issues of what subject to study at university or what job to do after graduation.Of course， the greatest dilemmas arise from moral problems， when we are uncertain which choice results in doing the right thing.
　　[2]本句為復合句。when引導時間狀語從句，when后省略了“主語（one）＋系動詞（is）”；cannot help but see為“cannot help but do sth”結構，意為“忍不住做某事”。
[3] Whether big or small， what all our choices have in common is that they lead to specific consequences .Once we make a decision， in most circumstances ， there is no going back.Although the writer of the poem considers taking the other path another day， he knows it’s unlikely that he will ever have the opportunity to do so.[4] Like the writer， all we can do is look backwards “with a sigh” and imagine what could have been.
　　[3]本句中what引導主語從句；that引導表語從句。whether ...or ...意為“是……還是……；無論……”。
[4]all作主句主語，其后的定語從句中含有實義動詞do的某種形式時，作表語的不定式可以省略不定式符號to。
This sigh ， this wondering whether we made the right choice， is understandable .Although we may be free to choose which path to take， this choice isn’t easy when those two paths look similar.[5] Presented with two job offers， for instance， we may wonder exactly what it is we’re choosing between. What if ， in choosing one， we are unknowingly turning down other future opportunities？ Will we ever even find out [6] whether we made the right choice？
　　[5]本句為復合句。Presented with two job offers為過去分詞短語作時間狀語； what it is we’re choosing between作wonder的賓語。
[6]whether引導賓語從句。
Ultimately， the road ahead — the road through our lives — is a mixture of choice and chance.And when we are approaching the end of that road， how will we remember the journey？ How will we look back on our lives？ In the poem， the writer doubts his choice， thinking that in the future “ages and ages hence”， he may claim that he took the “less traveled” road.[7] Some of us do take a more unusual path through life， and while it may be a harder one to follow， it can also lead to new adventures and experiences. Nonetheless ， part of the art of decision-making is learning to make the most of our decisions.Instead of looking back with regret ， we should be facing our future with energy and optimism， for the choices are ours， and ours only.
　　[7]本句為and連接的并列句。在第一個分句中，“do＋動詞原形”對謂語動詞進行強調；在第二個分句中，while引導讓步狀語從句。
⑨symbolize v.象征，代表
symbol n.象征
⑩progress v.進步；改進；進展
diverge v.（兩條路）岔開，分開
a visual representation視覺體現
alternative n.可供選擇的事物
on a daily basis每天
range from ...to ...
從……到……變化/不同
dilemma n.進退兩難的境地，困境
arise v.（由……）引起
arise from產生于，起因于
moral adj.道德的；道義上的
result in導致
have ...in common有相同之處
specific consequence特定的后果
circumstance n.情況，情形
in most circumstances在大多數情況下
consider v.考慮
consider doing sth 考慮做某事
sigh n.嘆息
understandable adj.可以理解的
understand v.理解；明白
what if ...要是……怎么辦？
unknowingly adv.未意識到地；不知不覺地
turn down拒絕
find out發現，找出，查明
mixture n. 混合； 混合體
a mixture of……的混合物/混合體
look back on回顧，回首
claim v.聲稱
unusual adj.非同尋常的；罕見的；獨特的
usual adj.普通的，尋常的
lead to導致
adventure n.冒險
nonetheless adv.盡管如此
make the most of充分利用
with regret 遺憾地
【參考譯文】
未選擇的路
　　金黃色林中兩條路各奔一方，
可惜我無法兼顧，
身在旅途，我久久佇立，
極目望向一條路的盡頭，
它蜿蜒拐進遠方的灌木叢；
但我卻選了另外一條路，公正公平，
抑或有更佳理由，
它荒草萋萋，誘人涉足；
即便如此，旅人的足跡
讓兩條路看起來相差無幾，　　　那天清晨落葉滿地，
兩條路都未經腳印污染。
啊，我留下第一條路改日再探！
明知道路徑延綿，
我不確定是否還能回到這里。
也許多年之后在某個地方，
我會回顧往事輕聲嘆息：
樹林中有兩條路，而我——
我選擇了人跡較少的那一條，
從此，它為我帶來了全新的人生軌跡。
《未選擇的路》這首詩中的詩句常常在各種演講中被引用。許多藝術家為這首詩譜了曲，它還被運用于大量的電視廣告之中。事實上，它已經成為美國歷史上最著名的詩歌之一，這不僅是因為其自然的風格，還因為其對人性的深刻洞察。
閱讀《未選擇的路》總會讓人腦海中不禁浮現出鄉村深處靜謐的樹林。林間小路往往象征我們人生中的進步和變化。“金黃色林中兩條路各奔一方，可惜我無法兼顧”這兩句話生動地展現了我們面臨的選擇以及需要做出的決定。生活每天都會向我們拋出許多選擇，不僅包括“我今天應該穿什么”這樣的小問題，也包括大學應該學什么專業或者畢業后應該做什么工作這樣的重大問題。當然，最大的困境往往源于道德問題，因為我們不確定哪個選擇才是正確的。
無論我們的選擇是大是小，它們都有一個共同點，那就是它們都會帶來某種結果。在大多數情況下，一旦我們做了選擇，就沒有退路。雖然這首詩的作者考慮改天再探索另一條路，但是他也知道獲得這種機會的可能性微乎其微。就像作者一樣，我們能做的只有在回首往事時“輕聲嘆息”，幻想事情本可以成為什么樣子。
　　這一聲嘆息，以及我們對是否做出了正確選擇的顧慮都是可以理解的。雖然我們可以自由地選擇走哪一條路，但是當兩條路看起來大同小異時，其實很難做選擇。比如當我們同時面對兩個工作機會時，我們可能會思索到底我們是在什么當中選擇。如果我們選擇了一份工作而在不知不覺中放棄了其他未來的機會，那該怎么辦？而我們又甚至能否發現自己是否做出了正確的選擇呢？
　　最后，前方的路，也就是我們的人生之路，其實是由選擇和機會交織而成的。當我們快走到盡頭時，我們會如何銘記這段旅途？我們會如何回顧自己的一生？在這首詩中，作者質疑了自己的選擇，在“多年之后”的未來，他可能會承認自己選擇了一條“人跡較少”的路。生活中確實會有一些人選擇不尋常的道路，雖然路途更加艱難，但也會帶來新的奇遇和經歷。盡管如此，就做決定的藝術而言，一部分就在于學會充分利用我們的決定。我們應該積極樂觀地面對未來，而非帶著遺憾回顧過去，因為選擇在于我們自己，而且它們只屬于我們自己。
第一步：析架構理清脈絡
Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks.
第二步：知細節明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.Why has The Road Not Taken become one of the most famous American poems of all time？（　　）
A.Because of its natural style.
B.Because of its rhythm and rhyme.
C.Because of its thoughtful insights into human nature.
D.Both A and C.
2.How can we think of The Road Not Taken from the second paragraph？（　　）
A.The poem is about the scene of countryside.
B.The poem is about the choice we will be faced with.
C.The poem is about the job which we like.
D.The poem is about the study in the college.
3.Why would we sigh after making a decision？（　　）
A.Because we have no way back.
B.Because we know we are wrong.
C.Because we will act like writers.
D.Because we want to make another decision.
4.What is the attitude of the author of this article to the decision？（　　）
A.Regretful.　　　　　　 B.Doubtful.
C.Cautious. D.Positive.
第三步：析難句表達升級
1.Whether big or small， what all our choices have in common is that they lead to specific consequences.
句式分析 句中what引導　　　　　　從句，that引導　　　　　　從句。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.Although we may be free to choose which path to take， this choice isn’t easy when those two paths look similar.
句式分析 句中although引導　　　　　　從句，when引導　　　　　　從句。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　
Part Ⅰ　核心詞匯集釋
cannot help but do sth 不得不做某事，只好做某事
【教材原句】　When reading The Road Not Taken， one cannot help but see in one’s mind images of a peaceful wood deep within the countryside.
閱讀《未選擇的路》總會讓人腦海中不禁浮現出鄉村深處靜謐的樹林。
【用法】
不得不做某事 do nothing but do sth/have no choice but to do sth 別無選擇，只有做某事 （2）can’t help doing sth 禁不住做某事
【佳句】　Much as I was heartbroken， I couldn’t help but look forward to the bright future.盡管我極為悲傷，但我還是忍不住期待著光明的未來。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Sometimes we can’t choose but 　　　　　（carry） out the order.
②The instant she heard that she had failed the exam， she couldn’t help 　　　　　（burst） into tears.
【寫美】　補全句子
③When our friends turn to us for help， we 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
當朋友向我們求助時，我們必須盡力。
alternative n.可供選擇的事物 adj.可選擇的
【教材原句】　Life throws many alternatives at us on a daily basis.
生活每天都在向我們拋出許多選擇。
【用法】
have the alternative of doing ...　　　　　　　　　　有做……的選擇 have no alternative but to do ... 別無選擇只好做…… an alternative to ... ……的替代品
【佳句】　It’s a good idea to choose an alternative destination， in case your first-choice tourist spot is not available.
選一個別的目的地是一個不錯的主意，以防你不能去你的首選旅游景點。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①In order to reduce pollution， we must find an alternative 　　　　　　fossil fuel that is being used today.
②During high school， students often have the alternative 　　　　　　participating in various clubs.
【寫美】　同義句轉換
③Lacking money，I have no choice but to give up the plan.
→Lacking money，I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the plan.
arise （arose， arisen） v.（由……）引起；產生，出現；起床，起身
【教材原句】　Of course，the greatest dilemmas arise from moral problems，when we are uncertain which choice results in doing the right thing.
當然，最大的困境往往源于道德問題，因為我們不確定哪個選擇才是正確的。
【用法】
（1）arise from＝arise out of由……引起；因……產生 （2）rise （rose，risen） vi. 上升，升起，升高；上漲 （3）raise （raised，raised） vt. 　　　提升；舉起；提起；（使）直立，站立；增加，提高（數量、水平等）；籌集，募集 （4）arouse （aroused，aroused） vt. 激起，喚醒；使……奮發
【佳句】　One of the problems arising from the present economic situation is that the price is rising sharply， of course， partly because some illegal businessmen raise it on purpose， which has aroused some objections.
當前經濟形勢產生的問題之一是價格迅速上漲，當然，部分原因是一些不法商販故意提高價格；這種現象已經引起了一片反對之聲。
【練透】　語段語法填空
As we all know， the problems between parents and children ①　　　　　　 （arise） from lack of communication.Although the standard of living ②　　　　　　　　 （raise）， Tom couldn’t get along well with his mother.His mother ③　　　　　　 （arise） the moment the sun ④　　　　　　 （rise） in the east.She worked hard day and night to support the family.As a result， she was badly ill， which ⑤　　　　 （arouse） Tom eventually.
【寫美】　補全句子
⑥It 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　of the impact human activities have on the planet.它源于人們越來越意識到人類活動對地球的影響。
circumstance n.情況，情形
【教材原句】　Once we make a decision，in most circumstances，there is no going back.
在大多數情況下，一旦我們做了選擇，就沒有退路。
【用法】
according to circumstances　視情況而定 in/under the circumstances 在這種情況下；既然如此 in/under no circumstances 決不（置于句首時，句子需要部分倒裝）
【佳句】　I can’t imagine a circumstance in which I would be willing to steal.我無法想象我在什么情況下會愿意去偷東西。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①　　　　　　 such circumstances， he began to be skeptical about his own judgment.
②Doctor Smith often varies the treatment according 　　　　　　circumstances.
【寫美】　補全句子
③Under no circumstances 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 once I set them.
一旦設定了學習目標，我決不會放棄它們。
mixture n.混合；混合體
【教材原句】　Ultimately，the road ahead — the road through our lives — is a mixture of choice and chance.最后，前方的路，也就是我們的人生之路，其實是由選擇和機會交織而成的。
【用法】
（1）a mixture of ...and ... ……和……的混合（體） （2）mix v.　　　　 　（使）混合，摻和，融合 mix ...with/and ... 把……與……混合 mix ...up with ... 把……和……搞混了；把……和……結合起來 （3）mixed adj. 混合的；混雜的
【佳句】　Nancy’s first reaction to the news was a mixture of joy and anger.南希對這個消息的第一反應是既高興又生氣。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①This creation attracted a lot of attention due to its 　　　　　　（mix） of modern and traditional Chinese elements.
②You can mix protein-rich foods 　　　　　a variety of fruits and vegetables.
【寫美】　補全句子
③People often 　　　　　　　　　　　　his elder brother because they’re so alike.
人們常常把他和他的哥哥搞混了，因為他們長得太像了。
affection n.喜愛，鐘愛；慈愛
【教材原句】　For example，the rose could represent love and affection，and the rainbow could symbolise hope.
例如，玫瑰可以代表愛和喜歡，彩虹可以象征希望。
【用法】
（1）have/feel （a great） affection for ...　　　　　　　（非常）喜愛…… show sb affection 向某人表示喜愛 with affection 充滿愛意地 （2）affect v. 影響；侵襲；使感染；（感情上）深深打動 affecting adj. 深深打動人的；感動人的；激起憐憫的 be affected by 被……打動；被……（疾病）侵襲
【佳句】　To be frank， I have a great affection for the city I am living in.坦率地說，我對我生活的這個城市有著深厚的感情。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①She envied our family atmosphere where our parents showed us much 　　　　　　（affect）.
②　　　　　　 （affect） with high fever， he continued with his work.
③All the audience were deeply moved by the 　　　　　　（affect） love story.
④Sandstorms also reduce visibility， 　　　　　（affect） airplanes and road transportation.
【寫美】　補全句子
⑤His tone showed that he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　his old friend.
他的語氣表明他對老朋友的感情很深。
qualified adj.合格的，勝任的；具備……的資格
【教材原句】　Match the headings to the sections and find out how qualified the applicant is for the job.將標題與各部分匹配，并找出申請人有多適合做這項工作。
【用法】
（1）be qualified to do ...有資格做…… be qualified for ... 勝任…… （2）qualification n. 資格證明；資格；合格；資格（證明）的取得 have the qualification to do sth/for sth 有資格做某事 （3）qualify v. （使）具有資格；（使）合格；證明……合格 qualify sb for sth 使某人勝任某事 qualify sb to do sth 使某人獲得做某事的資格；使某人勝任做某事
【佳句】　Unfortunately， his application was turned down because he was too young and not qualified enough.
不幸的是，他的申請被拒絕了，因為他太年輕了，不夠資格。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①The introduction letter shall explain why you believe you are qualified 　　　　　　this position.
②Those who have passed the examination are qualified 　　　　　　　　（compete） for a post.
③My ambition is to have 　　　　　　（qualify） for teaching maths.
④Only a college diploma doesn’t qualify you 　　　　　　　　（take） up the job.
【寫美】　補全句子
⑤The one-month training course provided by our company will 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我們公司提供的一個月的培訓課程將使你能勝任更好的工作。
fluency n.熟練，流利
【教材原句】　Fluency in English and French.英語和法語流利。
【用法】
（1）speak ...with fluency 流利地說…… （2）fluent adj. （尤指外語）流利的；（文字等）流暢的 be fluent in ……流利；……熟練 fluent handwriting 優美熟練的筆跡 fluent movements 優美流暢的動作 a fluent speaker 說話流利的人 （3）fluently adv. 流利地；流暢地
【佳句】　Fluency in French is specially required for this job.That’s to say， you must have a good command of oral French.這個工作特別要求法語熟練自如。也就是說，你必須熟練掌握法語口語。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Thanks to her 　　　　　　（fluent） in English， she was qualified for the position as an interpreter.
②Recite them as 　　　　　　（fluent） as possible， as you will play an important part in a romantic story.
【寫美】　補全句子
③She studied three foreign languages but 　　　　　　　　　　only one of them now，for the other two languages were little used in her work.
她學過三種外國語言，但現在只能流利地說其中一種，因為另外兩種語言在工作中很少使用。
Part Ⅱ　重點句型解構
句型公式：There is no doing ...（＝It is impossible to do ...） 不可能做……
【教材原句】　Once we make a decision，in most circumstances， there is no going back.
在大多數情況下，一旦我們做了選擇，就沒有退路。
【用法】
There is no point （in） doing ... 　　　　　　　　　　做……是沒有意義的 There is no sense （in） doing ... 做……是不明智的 There is no need to do .../for ... 做……是沒必要的 There is no hope of doing ... 做……是沒希望的 There is no possibility that ... ……是不可能的 There/It is no use doing ... 做……是沒用處的
【品悟】　There is no persuading him to go there for he is so stubborn.
＝It is impossible to persuade him to go there for he is so stubborn.
想勸他去那兒是不可能的，因為他很固執。
【寫美】　微寫作
①不可否認，在即將到來的學期中關于選擇哪門課程是一個至關重要的決定。（告知信）
　　　　　　　　　　　　 that it is a critical decision to make as to which subject to choose in the upcoming semester.
②總是拿你和別人比較是沒有意義的。（主旨升華句）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 you with others all the time.
③如果你不努力學習，取得進步是沒有希望的。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 if you don’t work hard.
④我們要按時到達那里是不可能的，因為大雪延誤了我們的航班。
There was no possibility 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， because the snow held up our flight.
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
【文本透析·剖語篇】
第一步
1.speeches　2.television commercials　3.natural style　
4.going back　5.understandable　6.mixture　
7.adventures and experiences　8.energy
第二步
1－4　DBAD
第三步
1.主語　表語　無論我們的選擇是大是小，它們都有一個共同點，那就是它們都會帶來某種結果。
2.讓步狀語　時間狀語　雖然我們可以自由地選擇走哪一條路，但是當兩條路看起來大同小異時，其實很難做選擇。
【核心知識·巧突破】
核心詞匯集釋
1.①carry　②bursting　③can’t help but try our best
2.①to　②of　③have no alternative but to give up
3.①arise　②was raised　③arose　④rises　⑤aroused　
⑥arises from/out of the increasing awareness
4.①In/Under　②to　③should I give up my learning goals
5.①mixture　②with/and　③mix him up with
6.①affection　②Affected　③affecting　④affecting　
⑤had/felt a deep affection for
7.①for　②to compete　③qualification　
④to take　⑤qualify you for a better job
8.①fluency　②fluently　③is fluent in
重點句型解構
　①There is no denying　②There is no point in comparing
③There is no hope of making progress　
④that we could get there in time
11 / 11(共121張PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
1
篇章助解·釋疑難
目 錄
2
文本透析·剖語篇
4
課時檢測·提能力
3
核心知識·巧突破
篇章助解·釋疑難
力推課前預習
1
The Road Not Taken
　Two roads diverged in a yellow wood，
　And sorry I could not travel both
　And be one traveler， long I stood
　And looked down one as far as I could
　To where it bent in the undergrowth①；
　Then took the other， as just as fair，
　And having perhaps the better claim，
　Because it was grassy and wanted wear；
　Though as for that， the passing there
　Had worn them really about the same，
　And both that morning equally lay
　In leaves no step had trodden black.
　Oh， I kept the first for another day！
　Yet knowing how way leads on to way，
　I doubted if I should ever come back.
　I shall be telling this with a sigh
　Somewhere ages and ages hence：
　Two roads diverged in a wood， and I —
　I took the one less traveled by，
　And that has made all the difference.
　　Lines from the poem The Road Not Taken are often quoted② in
speeches of all kinds③.The poem has been set to④ music by a number of
artists and used in numerous⑤television commercials.[1] It has in fact
become one of the most famous American poems of all time⑥， not only
because of its natural style， but also because of its thoughtful⑦ insights
into⑧ human nature.
　　[1]本句為簡單句，not only ...but also ...連接并列的原因
狀語。
【讀文清障】
①undergrowth n.（長在大樹下或周邊的）下木層，下層灌木叢
②quote v.引用；引述
③of all kinds各種各樣的
④be set to被設為；被改編為……
⑤numerous adj.許多的，很多的
⑥of all time有史以來
⑦thoughtful adj.認真思考的，深思的
⑧insight into對……的深刻理解；洞察力
　　[2] When reading The Road Not Taken， one cannot help but see in
one’s mind images of a peaceful wood deep within the countryside. Paths
in the woods are often used to symbolize⑨ how our lives progress⑩ and
change.The lines “Two roads diverged in a yellow wood，/And sorry I
could not travel both” give us a visual representation of the choices that
we face and the decisions that we need to make.Life throws many
alternatives at us on a daily basis .These range from the basic “What
should I wear today？” to the key issues of what subject to study at
university or what job to do after graduation.Of course， the greatest
dilemmas arise from moral problems， when we are uncertain which
choice results in doing the right thing.
　　[2]本句為復合句。when引導時間狀語從句，when后省略了“主
語（one）＋系動詞（is）”；cannot help but see為“cannot help but
do sth”結構，意為“忍不住做某事”。
⑨symbolize v.象征，代表
symbol n.象征
⑩progress v.進步；改進；進展
diverge v.（兩條路）岔開，分開
a visual representation視覺體現
alternative n.可供選擇的事物
on a daily basis每天
range from ...to ...
從……到……變化/不同
dilemma n.進退兩難的境地，困境
arise v.（由……）引起
arise from產生于，起因于
moral adj.道德的；道義上的
result in導致
　　[3] Whether big or small， what all our choices have in common is
that they lead to specific consequences .Once we make a decision， in
most circumstances ， there is no going back.Although the writer of the
poem considers taking the other path another day， he knows it’s
unlikely that he will ever have the opportunity to do so.[4] Like the
writer， all we can do is look backwards “with a sigh” and imagine
what could have been.
　　[3]本句中what引導主語從句；that引導表語從句。
whether ...or ...意為“是……還是……；無論……”。
　　[4]all作主句主語，其后的定語從句中含有實義動詞do的某種形
式時，作表語的不定式可以省略不定式符號to。
have ...in common有相同之處
specific consequence特定的后果
circumstance n.情況，情形
in most circumstances在大多數情況下
consider v.考慮
consider doing sth 考慮做某事
　　This sigh ， this wondering whether we made the right choice， is
understandable .Although we may be free to choose which path to take，
this choice isn’t easy when those two paths look similar.[5] Presented
with two job offers， for instance， we may wonder exactly what it is
we’re choosing between. What if ， in choosing one， we are
unknowingly turning down other future opportunities？ Will we ever
even find out [6] whether we made the right choice？
　　[5]本句為復合句。Presented with two job offers為過去分詞短語
作時間狀語； what it is we’re choosing between作wonder的賓語。
　　[6]whether引導賓語從句。
sigh n.嘆息
understandable adj.可以理解的
understand v.理解；明白
what if ...要是……怎么辦？
unknowingly adv.未意識到地；不知不覺地
turn down拒絕
find out發現，找出，查明
　　Ultimately， the road ahead — the road through our lives — is a
mixture of choice and chance.And when we are approaching the end of
that road， how will we remember the journey？ How will we look back
on our lives？ In the poem， the writer doubts his choice， thinking that
in the future “ages and ages hence”， he may claim that he took the
“less traveled” road.[7] Some of us do take a more unusual path
through life， and while it may be a harder one to follow， it can also lead
to new adventures and experiences.
Nonetheless ， part of the art of decision-making is learning to make the
most of our decisions.Instead of looking back with regret ， we should
be facing our future with energy and optimism， for the choices are ours，
and ours only.
　　[7]本句為and連接的并列句。在第一個分句中，“do＋動詞
原形”對謂語動詞進行強調；在第二個分句中，while引導讓步狀
語從句。
mixture n. 混合； 混合體
a mixture of……的混合物/混合體
look back on回顧，回首
claim v.聲稱
unusual adj.非同尋常的；罕見的；獨特的
usual adj.普通的，尋常的
lead to導致
adventure n.冒險
nonetheless adv.盡管如此
make the most of充分利用
with regret 遺憾地
【參考譯文】
未選擇的路
　　金黃色林中兩條路各奔一方，
　　可惜我無法兼顧，
　　身在旅途，我久久佇立，
　　極目望向一條路的盡頭，
　　它蜿蜒拐進遠方的灌木叢；
　　但我卻選了另外一條路，公正公平，
　　抑或有更佳理由，
　　它荒草萋萋，誘人涉足；
　　即便如此，旅人的足跡
　　讓兩條路看起來相差無幾，　　　
　　
那天清晨落葉滿地，
　　兩條路都未經腳印污染。
　　啊，我留下第一條路改日再探！
　　明知道路徑延綿，
　　我不確定是否還能回到這里。
　　也許多年之后在某個地方，
　　我會回顧往事輕聲嘆息：
　　樹林中有兩條路，而我——
　　我選擇了人跡較少的那一條，
　　從此，它為我帶來了全新的人生軌跡。
　　《未選擇的路》這首詩中的詩句常常在各種演講中被引用。許多
藝術家為這首詩譜了曲，它還被運用于大量的電視廣告之中。事實
上，它已經成為美國歷史上最著名的詩歌之一，這不僅是因為其自然
的風格，還因為其對人性的深刻洞察。
　　閱讀《未選擇的路》總會讓人腦海中不禁浮現出鄉村深處靜謐的
樹林。林間小路往往象征我們人生中的進步和變化。“金黃色林中兩
條路各奔一方，可惜我無法兼顧”這兩句話生動地展現了我們面臨的
選擇以及需要做出的決定。生活每天都會向我們拋出許多選擇，不僅
包括“我今天應該穿什么”這樣的小問題，也包括大學應該學什么專
業或者畢業后應該做什么工作這樣的重大問題。當然，最大的困境往
往源于道德問題，因為我們不確定哪個選擇才是正確的。
　　無論我們的選擇是大是小，它們都有一個共同點，那就是它們都
會帶來某種結果。在大多數情況下，一旦我們做了選擇，就沒有退
路。雖然這首詩的作者考慮改天再探索另一條路，但是他也知道獲得
這種機會的可能性微乎其微。就像作者一樣，我們能做的只有在回首
往事時“輕聲嘆息”，幻想事情本可以成為什么樣子。
　　這一聲嘆息，以及我們對是否做出了正確選擇的顧慮都是可以理
解的。雖然我們可以自由地選擇走哪一條路，但是當兩條路看起來大
同小異時，其實很難做選擇。比如當我們同時面對兩個工作機會時，
我們可能會思索到底我們是在什么當中選擇。如果我們選擇了一份工
作而在不知不覺中放棄了其他未來的機會，那該怎么辦？而我們又甚
至能否發現自己是否做出了正確的選擇呢？
　　最后，前方的路，也就是我們的人生之路，其實是由選擇和機會
交織而成的。當我們快走到盡頭時，我們會如何銘記這段旅途？我們
會如何回顧自己的一生？在這首詩中，作者質疑了自己的選擇，在
“多年之后”的未來，他可能會承認自己選擇了一條“人跡較少”的
路。生活中確實會有一些人選擇不尋常的道路，雖然路途更加艱難，
但也會帶來新的奇遇和經歷。盡管如此，就做決定的藝術而言，一部
分就在于學會充分利用我們的決定。我們應該積極樂觀地面對未來，
而非帶著遺憾回顧過去，因為選擇在于我們自己，而且它們只屬于我
們自己。
文本透析·剖語篇
助力語篇理解
2
第一步：析架構理清脈絡
Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks.
第二步：知細節明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1. Why has The Road Not Taken become one of the most famous American
poems of all time？（　　）
A. Because of its natural style.
B. Because of its rhythm and rhyme.
C. Because of its thoughtful insights into human nature.
D. Both A and C.
2. How can we think of The Road Not Taken from the second paragraph？
（　　）
A. The poem is about the scene of countryside.
B. The poem is about the choice we will be faced with.
C. The poem is about the job which we like.
D. The poem is about the study in the college.
3. Why would we sigh after making a decision？（　　）
A. Because we have no way back.
B. Because we know we are wrong.
C. Because we will act like writers.
D. Because we want to make another decision.
4. What is the attitude of the author of this article to the decision？
（　　）
A. Regretful. B. Doubtful.
C. Cautious. D. Positive.
第三步：析難句表達升級
1. Whether big or small， what all our choices have in common is that
they lead to specific consequences.
句式分析 句中what引導 從句，that引導 從句。
自主翻譯

主語　
表語　
無論我們的選擇是大是小，它們都有一個共同點，那
就是它們都會帶來某種結果。　
2. Although we may be free to choose which path to take， this choice
isn’t easy when those two paths look similar.
句式分析 句中although引導 從句，when引導
從句。
自主翻譯

讓步狀語　
時間狀
語　
雖然我們可以自由地選擇走哪一條路，但是當兩條路
看起來大同小異時，其實很難做選擇。　
核心知識·巧突破
探究課堂重點
3
Part Ⅰ　核心詞匯集釋
cannot help but do sth 不得不做某事，只好做某事
【教材原句】　When reading The Road Not Taken， one cannot help
but see in one’s mind images of a peaceful wood deep within the
countryside.
閱讀《未選擇的路》總會讓人腦海中不禁浮現出鄉村深處靜謐的
樹林。
【用法】
【佳句】　Much as I was heartbroken， I couldn’t help but look
forward to the bright future.
盡管我極為悲傷，但我還是忍不住期待著光明的未來。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Sometimes we can’t choose but （carry） out the order.
②The instant she heard that she had failed the exam， she couldn’t
help （burst） into tears.
carry　
bursting　
【寫美】　補全句子
③When our friends turn to us for help， we
.
當朋友向我們求助時，我們必須盡力。
can’t help but try our
best　
alternative n.可供選擇的事物 adj.可選擇的
【教材原句】　Life throws many alternatives at us on a daily basis.
生活每天都在向我們拋出許多選擇。
【用法】
have the alternative of doing ...　　有做……的選擇
have no alternative but to do ...　　別無選擇只好做……
an alternative to ...　　……的替代品
【佳句】　It’s a good idea to choose an alternative destination， in
case your first-choice tourist spot is not available.選一個別的目的地是一
個不錯的主意，以防你不能去你的首選旅游景點。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①In order to reduce pollution， we must find an alternative fossil
fuel that is being used today.
②During high school， students often have the alternative
participating in various clubs.
to　
of　
【寫美】　同義句轉換
③Lacking money，I have no choice but to give up the plan.
→Lacking money，I the plan.
have no alternative but to give up　
arise （arose， arisen） v.（由……）引起；產生，出現；起床，
起身
【教材原句】　Of course，the greatest dilemmas arise from moral
problems，when we are uncertain which choice results in doing the right
thing.
當然，最大的困境往往源于道德問題，因為我們不確定哪個選擇才是
正確的。
（1）arise from＝arise out of　　由……引起；因……產生
（2）rise （rose，risen） vi.　上升，升起，升高；上漲
（3）raise （raised，raised） vt.
提升；舉起；提起；（使）直立，站立；增加，提高（數量、水平
等）；籌集，募集
（4）arouse （aroused，aroused） vt.　激起，喚醒；使……奮發
【用法】
【佳句】　One of the problems arising from the present economic
situation is that the price is rising sharply， of course， partly because
some illegal businessmen raise it on purpose， which has aroused some
objections.當前經濟形勢產生的問題之一是價格迅速上漲，當然，部
分原因是一些不法商販故意提高價格；這種現象已經引起了一片反對
之聲。
【練透】　語段語法填空
As we all know， the problems between parents and children ①
（arise） from lack of communication.Although the standard of living
② （raise）， Tom couldn’t get along well with his
mother.His mother ③ （arise） the moment the sun
④ （rise） in the east.She worked hard day and night to support
the family.As a result， she was badly ill， which ⑤
（arouse） Tom eventually.
arise　
was raised　
arose　
rises　
aroused　
【寫美】　補全句子
⑥It of the impact human
activities have on the planet.
它源于人們越來越意識到人類活動對地球的影響。
arises from/out of the increasing awareness　
circumstance n.情況，情形
【教材原句】　Once we make a decision，in most circumstances，
there is no going back.
在大多數情況下，一旦我們做了選擇，就沒有退路。
【用法】
according to circumstances　視情況而定
in/under the circumstances　在這種情況下；既然如此
in/under no circumstances　決不（置于句首時，句子需要部分倒裝）
【佳句】　I can’t imagine a circumstance in which I would be willing
to steal.
我無法想象我在什么情況下會愿意去偷東西。
【練透】　單句語法填空
① such circumstances， he began to be skeptical about his
own judgment.
②Doctor Smith often varies the treatment according
circumstances.
In/Under　
to　
【寫美】　補全句子
③Under no circumstances once I
set them.
一旦設定了學習目標，我決不會放棄它們。
should I give up my learning goals　
mixture n.混合；混合體
【教材原句】　Ultimately，the road ahead — the road through our
lives — is a mixture of choice and chance.
最后，前方的路，也就是我們的人生之路，其實是由選擇和機會交織
而成的。
（1）a mixture of ...and ...　……和……的混合（體）
（2）mix v.　　　　　 　（使）混合，摻和，融合
mix ...with/and ...　　把……與……混合
mix ...up with ...　把……和……搞混了；把……和……結合起來
（3）mixed adj.　　混合的；混雜的
【用法】
【佳句】　Nancy’s first reaction to the news was a mixture of joy and
anger.
南希對這個消息的第一反應是既高興又生氣。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①This creation attracted a lot of attention due to its （mix）
of modern and traditional Chinese elements.
②You can mix protein-rich foods a variety of fruits and
vegetables.
mixture　
with/and　
【寫美】　補全句子
③People often his elder brother because they’re so
alike.
人們常常把他和他的哥哥搞混了，因為他們長得太像了。
mix him up with　
affection n.喜愛，鐘愛；慈愛
【教材原句】　For example，the rose could represent love and
affection，and the rainbow could symbolise hope.
例如，玫瑰可以代表愛和喜歡，彩虹可以象征希望。
【用法】
（1）have/feel （a great） affection for ...　　（非常）喜愛……
show sb affection　　向某人表示喜愛
with affection　　充滿愛意地
（2）affect v.　影響；侵襲；使感染；（感情上）深深打動
affecting adj.　　深深打動人的；感動人的；激起憐憫的
be affected by　　被……打動；被……（疾病）侵襲
【佳句】　To be frank， I have a great affection for the city I am living
in.
坦率地說，我對我生活的這個城市有著深厚的感情。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①She envied our family atmosphere where our parents showed us
much （affect）.
② （affect） with high fever， he continued with his work.
③All the audience were deeply moved by the （affect）
love story.
④Sandstorms also reduce visibility， （affect） airplanes
and road transportation.
affection　
Affected　
affecting　
affecting　
【寫美】　補全句子
⑤His tone showed that he his old friend.
他的語氣表明他對老朋友的感情很深。
had/felt a deep affection for　
qualified adj.合格的，勝任的；具備……的資格
【教材原句】　Match the headings to the sections and find out how
qualified the applicant is for the job.
將標題與各部分匹配，并找出申請人有多適合做這項工作。
【用法】
（1）be qualified to do ...　有資格做……
be qualified for ...　　勝任……
（2）qualification n.　資格證明；資格；合格；資格（證明）的取得
have the qualification to do sth/for sth　　有資格做某事
（3）qualify v.　（使）具有資格；（使）合格；證明……合格
qualify sb for sth　　使某人勝任某事
qualify sb to do sth　　使某人獲得做某事的資格；使某人勝任做某事
【佳句】　Unfortunately， his application was turned down because he
was too young and not qualified enough.不幸的是，他的申請被拒絕
了，因為他太年輕了，不夠資格。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①The introduction letter shall explain why you believe you are
qualified this position.
②Those who have passed the examination are qualified
（compete） for a post.
for　
to compete　
③My ambition is to have （qualify） for teaching
maths.
④Only a college diploma doesn’t qualify you （take） up
the job.
qualification　
to take　
【寫美】　補全句子
⑤The one-month training course provided by our company will
.
我們公司提供的一個月的培訓課程將使你能勝任更好的工作。
qualify
you for a better job　
fluency n.熟練，流利
【教材原句】　Fluency in English and French.英語和法語流利。
【用法】
（1）speak ...with fluency　流利地說……
（2）fluent adj.　（尤指外語）流利的；（文字等）流暢的
be fluent in　　……流利；……熟練
fluent handwriting　　優美熟練的筆跡
fluent movements　　優美流暢的動作
a fluent speaker　　說話流利的人
（3）fluently adv.　　流利地；流暢地
【佳句】　Fluency in French is specially required for this job.That’s to
say， you must have a good command of oral French.這個工作特別要求
法語熟練自如。也就是說，你必須熟練掌握法語口語。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Thanks to her （fluent） in English， she was qualified for
the position as an interpreter.
②Recite them as （fluent） as possible， as you will play an
important part in a romantic story.
fluency　
fluently　
【寫美】　補全句子
③She studied three foreign languages but only one of
them now，for the other two languages were little used in her work.
她學過三種外國語言，但現在只能流利地說其中一種，因為另外兩種
語言在工作中很少使用。
is fluent in　
Part Ⅱ　重點句型解構
句型公式：There is no doing ...（＝It is impossible to do ...） 不
可能做……
【教材原句】　Once we make a decision，in most circumstances，
there is no going back.
在大多數情況下，一旦我們做了選擇，就沒有退路。
【用法】
There is no point （in） doing ...　　做……是沒有意義的
There is no sense （in） doing ...　　做……是不明智的
There is no need to do .../for ...　　做……是沒必要的
There is no hope of doing ...　　做……是沒希望的
There is no possibility that ...　　……是不可能的
There/It is no use doing ... 做……是沒用處的
【品悟】　There is no persuading him to go there for he is so stubborn.
＝It is impossible to persuade him to go there for he is so stubborn.
想勸他去那兒是不可能的，因為他很固執。
【寫美】　微寫作
①不可否認，在即將到來的學期中關于選擇哪門課程是一個至關重要
的決定。（告知信）
that it is a critical decision to make as to which
subject to choose in the upcoming semester.
②總是拿你和別人比較是沒有意義的。（主旨升華句）
you with others all the time.
③如果你不努力學習，取得進步是沒有希望的。
if you don’t work hard.
There is no denying　
There is no point in comparing　
There is no hope of making progress　
④我們要按時到達那里是不可能的，因為大雪延誤了我們的航班。
There was no possibility ， because the
snow held up our flight.
that we could get there in time　
課時檢測·提能力
培育學科素養
4
維度一：品句填詞
1. The studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for
more （復雜的） works.
2. TV （商業廣告） play an important role in
promoting the company’s products among consumers.
3. Under the （情形；情況）， it seemed better not
to tell him about the accident.
complex　
commercials　
circumstances　
4. The gentleman does not want to go to court unless all
other （可供選擇的事物） have failed.
5. While I have only listed two of each， there are obviously many other
situations that can （出現）.
6. I’m afraid I can’t go to the party tonight as I’m working the night
s .
7. The road and railway line d at the bottom of the hill.
8. If you have access to stairs， there are n exercises you can
do using just two stairs.
alternatives　
arise　
hift　
iverge　
umerous　
維度二：詞形轉換
1. During the Chinese New Year， people in some places will buy
oranges， which （symbol） good fortune.
2. He wept for the loss of his grandmother and only then did he realize her
deep （affect）.
3. If you go to an English corner， try to change the types of activities you
take part in so that you can improve both （fluent） and
accuracy.
symbolize　
affection　
fluency　
4. I （sincere） beg your pardon， if I have hurt or
offended you.I did it quite unintentionally.
5. My first impression of him was that he was a kind and
（thought） correspondent.
6. The employer guarantees that （qualify） and motivated
employees deserve a high salary.
7. Facing the possessions left to him by his father， the man had
a （mix） of emotions.
sincerely　
thoughtful　
qualified　
mixture　
維度三：固定搭配和句式
1. Skipping breakfast often （導致） low energy levels and
poor concentration.
2. We should （充分利用） our teaching facilities
to explore their inner world and rate their academic performance.
3. He will （推遲） the picnic until 1 May， when he will be
free.
4. The film is so remarkable that we
（禁不住愛上它）.
results in　
make the most of　
put off　
cannot help but fall in love with
it　
5. （無論好還是壞），what we can do is
move forward.
6. （說出……是不可能的） what he is going to
do.
Whether good or bad　
There is no telling　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　“I wish I grew up back in your childhood，” my 14-year-old son
said to me.He has an iPhone that is newer than mine.He has many kind
friends.There are many forms of entertainment today and he can find
nearly all of human knowledge through the Internet.However， he wishes
he grew up in the 1970s and 1980s.“Why？” I asked.My son’s
answer involves freedom， risk and over-involvement of adults in kids’
lives.
　　My son has heard his dad tell stories of summer days at the river with
his friends.They would jump off the wooden bridge into the water
below.My son lives just a few blocks from the same river and the same
bridge.The town hasn’t changed， but times have changed.My son
knows that if he and his friends try to jump off the bridge and swim as his
dad did many times， the most likely outcome （結果） is that some kind
adults will call the police.
　　At 14， an age at which， in generations past， most boys were
contributing to the wellbeing of their families by working， and my son is
ready， able and willing to put his skills and strength to the test in the real
world.However， he， like so many other American boys and girls， is
prevented by a culture that seems to have raised safety to the highest
regard， without considering how a lack of risk might negatively affect
kids’ development.
　　Let kids try some risky things — cutting the lawn， using tools and
sharp knives， starting a fire， cooking — under the supervision （監
管） of an adult who tells them safety rules.Allow your kids to gradually
take more responsibility.A kid who helps prepare and cook meals will be
better prepared to cook independently.
　　Above all， encourage and praise your kids’ determination.Their
desire to deal with challenges and take risks will serve them well in the
years to come.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。通過描述孩子的愿望，作者認
為孩子應該在成人的監護下適當從事一些冒險的事情，家長不應該
一味地保護孩子。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。通過描述孩子的愿望，作者認
為孩子應該在成人的監護下適當從事一些冒險的事情，家長不應該
一味地保護孩子。
1. Why does the author mention her son？（　　）
A. To praise her son for his creativity.
B. To encourage kids to live a simple life.
C. To introduce the topic of kids’ lacking chances to risk.
D. To show kids’ love for their parents’ childhood life.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據第一段首句和末句可知，作者兒子希
望回到作者那時候的童年。這說明孩子羨慕作者那時的童年，而在
問到為什么時，作者兒子的回答中涉及“自由、冒險以及成年人的
過度干預”；再結合下文中作者論述的關于成年人如何培養孩子的
問題可推斷，作者提到她的兒子是為了引出本文的話題：孩子缺乏
冒險機會。
2. If trying to jump into the river， the author’s son will probably
be 　　　　.（　　）
A. warned of danger
B. stopped by the police
C. praised for his courage
D. punished seriously by his parents
解析：　細節理解題。根據第二段末句可知，作者兒子知道，如
果跳下河去游泳的話，好心的成年人會報警，也就是說，警察會來
阻止作者兒子隨意跳下河去游泳。
3. What does the author advise parents to do？（　　）
A. Try risky things before their kids.
B. Help their kids complete risky things.
C. Let their kids know the safety rules first.
D. Supervise their kids when they are doing risky things.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第四段首句可知，作者建議，在有家
長監管的情況下，讓孩子去嘗試一些有風險的事情，也就是說，在
孩子做危險的事情時監督他們。
4. What might be the best title for this passage？（　　）
A. Let Your Kids Take a Risk！
B. Improve Your Kids’ Determination！
C. Don’t Be Afraid When Facing Challenges！
D. Share Your Childhood Life with Your Kids！
解析：　標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了作者認為
孩子應該在家長的監督下進行一些適當的冒險事情。
B
　　Ernest Miller Hemingway was an American author and journalist.His
unique writing style greatly influenced 20th-century fiction， as did his life
of adventure and public image.He won the Nobel Prize in Literature in
1954.Many of his works are classics of American literature.He published
seven novels， six short story collections， and two non-fiction works
during his lifetime； a further three novels， four collections of short
stories， and three non-fiction works were published posthumously.
　　Hemingway was born and raised in Oak Park， Illinois.After leaving
high school， he worked for a few months as a reporter for The Kansas
City Star， before leaving for the Italian front to become an ambulance
driver during World War Ⅰ， which became the basis for his novel A
Farewell to Arms.
　　In 1922 Hemingway married Hadley Richardson， the first of his four
wives， and the couple moved to Paris， where he worked as a foreign
correspondent.During his time there he met and was influenced by
modernist writers and artists of the 1920s expatriate （僑居海外的）
community known as the “Lost Generation”.His novel， The Sun Also
Rises， was published in 1926.
　　After divorcing Hadley Richardson in 1927， Hemingway married
Pauline Pfeiffer； they divorced following Hemingway’s return from
covering the Spanish Civil War， after which he wrote For Whom the Bell
Tolls.Martha Gellhorn became his third wife in 1940， but he left her for
Mary Welsh after World War Ⅱ.
　　Shortly after the publication of The Old Man and the Sea in 1952，
Hemingway went on safari to Africa， where he was almost killed in a
plane crash that left him in pain or ill-health for much of the rest of his life.
　　Hemingway had permanent residences in Key West， Florida， and
Cuba during the 1930s and 1940s， but in 1959 he moved from Cuba to
Ketchum， Idaho， where he died in the summer of 1961.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了作家海明威，他一生中
寫了很多名著，他的冒險生活和公共形象也對后代有很大影響。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了作家海明威，他一生中
寫了很多名著，他的冒險生活和公共形象也對后代有很大影響。
5. What does Hemingway’s unique writing style have the most influence
on？（　　）
A. His life of adventure.
B. His public image.
C. 20th-century fiction.
D. American lifestyle.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第一段中的His unique writing style
greatly influenced 20th-century fiction可知，海明威獨特的寫作風格
對20世紀的小說影響最大。
6. What does the underlined word “posthumously” in the first paragraph
mean？（　　）
A. During one’s life. B. After one’s death.
C. During one’s absence. D. At one’s presence.
解析：　詞義猜測題。根據語境可知，畫線詞與上文中的during
his lifetime作對比，因此posthumously意為“在某人去世后”。
7. What is the setting of the novel A Farewell to Arms？（　　）
A. It is set in Oak Park， Illinois.
B. It is set in his high school.
C. It is set in The Kansas City Star.
D. It is set in the Italian front.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第二段中的before leaving for the
Italian front to become an ambulance driver during World War Ⅰ，
which became the basis for his novel A Farewell to Arms可知，小說A
Farewell to Arms以意大利前線為背景。
8. How are Hemingway’s novels introduced to readers in the text？
（　　）
A. By popularity. B. By time.
C. By importance. D. By subject.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第二段和下文的in 1922、 in 1926、 in
1927、 in 1940、 in 1952、 in 1959和in the summer of 1961可知，本
文是按照時間順序把海明威的小說介紹給讀者的。
C
　　Most of us set a goal with energy and motivation.If it is achieved，
we will feel we are on cloud nine.But in most cases， we can’t reach our
goals easily.Why do we often fail to hit the target？ The answer lies in the
disconnection between our brains’ evaluation of rewards and the “get it
done” realities that influence our behavior.
　　Our brains are reward-driven organs charged by neurotransmitters
（神經遞質） that fuel our drives and desires， and it’s easy for us to
get carried away in this chemical tsunami.So， when we set up a goal，
our focus is on the reward.We picture getting the reward， and how
we’ll feel when we make it， which pushes us into action.But once we
begin， we come face to face with what’s really required to reach the
goal and our focus shifts from reward to effort.
　　In other words， a focus on rewards fuels the pursuit， but a focus on
effort takes over when the work starts.For example， getting up early to
exercise for a new healthy lifestyle might seem like a good choice， but
once your alarm goes off on a cold January morning， the rewards aren’t
enough to get you up and out of bed.When we face the reality of our
choices， we realize the effort is too much and give up.
　　In fairness， though， we don’t always have the best sense of how
much effort something will require， especially if it’s a goal we haven’t
pursued before.Getting better at setting goals has much to do with figuring
this out and not letting ourselves forget the lesson.
　　Next time， begin our goal pursuits with as much realistic
acknowledgment of the effort required as possible.Then， once we
begin， refocus back to the reward and continue the efforts.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了人們確立目標的過
程及放棄的原因，并提出了建議。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了人們確立目標的過
程及放棄的原因，并提出了建議。
9. What does the underlined phrase “on cloud nine” in Paragraph 1
mean？（　　）
A. Scared. B. Overjoyed.
C. Restless. D. Weary.
解析：　詞義猜測題。根據文章首句和畫線詞所在句可知，如果
我們設立的目標實現了，我們就會感到很開心。由此推測，畫線詞
與overjoyed意思相近。
10. What may account for one’s unachieved goal？（　　）
A. Aiming high， working less.
B. Speaking more， doing less.
C. More efforts， less speed.
D. More pains， more gains.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據第三段第一句和最后一句可知，人
們可能因為豐厚的回報而確立較高的目標，但當為此付出行動
時，卻發現要想實現這個目標需要付出很多努力，這時，如果努
力不夠，目標可能就無法實現。
11. What do people often fail to recognize in setting goals？（　　）
A. Duration. B. Effort.
C. Cost. D. Reward.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據第二段第二句及倒數第二段第一句
可知，人們確立目標時，會關注到如果成功則會帶來回報，而不
會意識到需要付出多少努力。
12. What’s the author’s advice to us？（　　）
A. Refocus back to the goal.
B. Achieve your goal step by step.
C. Accept failure and learn from the past.
D. Set practical goals and work consistently.
解析：　細節理解題。根據最后一段內容可知，作者建議人們
設定切實可行的目標，并為之持續努力。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　New Year’s resolutions （決心） usually are like some of those
promises that are meant to be broken.The word “New” in the new
year， puts a lot of pressure on starting over and turning a new leaf.But
you must remember you cannot just become a different person overnight
when the clock strikes 12.13.（　　）.Instead of making resolutions that
cause you stress， anxiety or more pain， set out this year by.Making
resolutions that will encourage self-care.
　　To start fresh this New Year’s Day， here are a few tips setting
realistic new years’ resolutions in order to avoid the burden of
disappointment next year.
　　Choose a very specific goal
　　Unclear plans like “lose weight” “exercise more” or “write
more” are goals with no teeth.
　　They are unclear plans and desires， and are very easy to explain
away due to how unclear they are.14.（　　）.Such goals with a certain
task， are much more doable than unclear goals.
　　15. （　　）
　　Once you have chosen your goals， make a very detailed plan of how
you will reach that goal.Having a plan and a pathway can help you
imagine your progress and won’t make you impatient for immediate
results.That way you will have already imagined what progress would look
like for you in say， 3 months， 5 months， 7 months or every day
depending on your goals.
　　Get yourself a social group
　　In today’s social media world， it is easy to find a group of like-
minded individuals interested in sharing your goal.Get yourself a social
group like this.However， just as there is this bright side to having a social
group， the problem is the pressure.Don’t get consumed by social media
and what others are doing.16.（　　）.
　　Accept failure and forgive yourself
　　17. （　　）.Accept this failure， own it and forgive
yourself.Being hard on yourself will only do you more harm， so instead
learn from what went wrong and instead of quitting the resolution at the
end of next year， see it through until you reach your goal.
A. Make a plan to reach that goal
B. Be patient with your progress
C. Instead， set goals like “exercise 20 minutes every day” or “lose 15
pounds”
D. Despite all your efforts， it is possible that you might fail or make a
mistake
E. Therefore， new year’s resolutions usually end up in failure
F. Change is a difficult process — the key words being “difficult” and
“process”
G. Remember you have this group only for support， not for comparison
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如何制訂并有效完
成新年計劃。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如何制訂并有效完
成新年計劃。
13. F　根據空前一句可知，改變不是瞬間就可以實現的，所填句應與
此銜接，表示改變會是一個緩慢或艱難的過程。F項（改變是一個艱
難的過程，關鍵詞是“困難”和“過程”）符合語境。
14. C　根據本段小標題以及設空前后句可知，空處表示要設定具體
的目標，與前句形成對比，與后句形成呼應。C項（相反，設定像
“每天鍛煉20分鐘”或“減掉15磅”這樣的目標）承上啟下。
15. A　設空處為本段小標題。根據段中make a very detailed plan及
Having a plan and ...for immediate results.可知，本段建議大家制訂一
個相應的計劃以達到目標。A項概括了該段內容。
16. G　空前兩句指出，加入社交群體有正反兩方面，并提出建議：
“不要沉迷于社交群體和別人在做什么。”由此推斷，所填句會解釋
提出此建議的緣由，即“加入社交群體的目的是要獲得支持或幫助，
而不是比較”。G項承接上文內容。
17. D　根據段落小標題可知，本段主要講述實現新年計劃的過程會
困難重重，雖然你會很努力，但失敗是不可避免的，你也會因此而犯
錯。D項（盡管你盡了全力，還是有可能失敗或犯錯誤）符合語境。
Ⅲ.應用文寫作
　　假定你是李華，你市將在12月3日“國際殘疾人日”舉行活動，
目前正在招募志愿者，請你用英語寫一封申請信，內容包括：
　　1. 提出申請；
　　2. 你的優勢。
注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；
2. 請按如下格式作答。
參考詞匯：國際殘疾人日International Day of Disabled Persons
Dear Sir or Madam，
Yours，
Li Hua
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
參考范文：
Dear Sir or Madam，
　　I’m Li Hua， a middle school student.Knowing that an activity
will be held on the International Day of Disabled Persons， I apply to
be a volunteer.
　　Firstly， I have a good command of English， which can make me
communicate with foreigners well.Secondly， I’m outgoing， and I
like dealing with others.Thirdly， I have done a lot of volunteer work
during my free time， so I have much experience.
　　I would appreciate it if you could give me a chance.I’m looking
forward to your early reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
謝謝觀看！

展開更多......

收起↑