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Unit 2 Lessons in life Using language課件(共79張PPT+ 學(xué)案+ 練習(xí))高中英語外研版(2019)選擇性必修 第四冊

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Unit 2 Lessons in life Using language課件(共79張PPT+ 學(xué)案+ 練習(xí))高中英語外研版(2019)選擇性必修 第四冊

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Section Ⅱ Using language
維度一:基礎(chǔ)題型練
用方框內(nèi)短語的適當(dāng)形式填空。
stick to, as soon as possible, cooperate with, put all one’s efforts into, graduate from, lose weight
1.We           market research and took a series of measures to increase product sales.
2.I firmly believe that I will adapt to the college life         .
3.Many young people worry that once they         university, they will join the ranks of the unemployed.
4.Your behaviour is in direct contradiction to the principles you claim to          .
5.The only way to         permanently is to completely change your attitudes.
6.Participating in them enables us to learn to         fellow students.
維度二:語法與寫作
補(bǔ)全句子
1.Body language           in our daily life.
肢體語言在我們的日常生活中被廣泛使用。
2.A speech contest called “l(fā)ive in harmony with nature”            which can accommodate 2,000 people.
一場名為“與大自然和諧相處”的演講比賽在一個可容納2,000人的大廳舉行。
3.They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house           .
他們現(xiàn)在暫時和父母住在一起,因?yàn)樗麄冏约旱姆孔诱诒恢亟ā?br/>4.She didn’t give in when she         such cyber-violence.
當(dāng)她面對那樣的網(wǎng)絡(luò)暴力時,她沒有屈服。
5.More expressways             in Sichuan soon to promote the development of the local economy.
很快,四川將會建更多高速公路來促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。
6.Many of his books             into other languages so far.
到目前為止,他的許多著作已經(jīng)被翻譯成其他語言。
7.Chemistry         a most challenging subject.
化學(xué)被認(rèn)為是最具挑戰(zhàn)性的學(xué)科之一。
8.By the end of last year, restaurants, clothing stores and book stores           from providing free plastic shopping bags.
截至去年年底,餐館、服裝店和書店已被禁止免費(fèi)提供塑料購物袋。
維度三:語法與語篇
根據(jù)語境,用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
  Have you ever heard of Jules Verne? Actually, he 1.            (consider) to be an important author in France and most of European countries.Jules Verne was interested in science and literature from an early age.In 1847, Jules Verne 2.       (send) by his family to study law at a university in Paris, but he preferred to write novels, poems and plays, especially adventure stories.His first adventure novel, Five Weeks in a Balloon, 3.       (publish) in 1863 and won popularity immediately.Actually, his writing career lasted for more than 40 years.Up to now, his books 4.            (translate) into hundreds of languages, making him the second most-translated author in the world.His creations 5.             (recognise) as an inspiration for many scientists and inventors for many years.Although Jules Verne passed away in 1905, he 6.          (remember) forever by the readers.
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
  One day, a young man went to Dr Conwell and told him he wanted a college education but couldn’t afford it.Dr Conwell decided, at that moment, what his aim in life was, besides being a man of the cloth.He decided to build a university for unfortunate, but deserving, students.He did have a challenge, however.He would need a few million dollars to build the university.For Dr Conwell, and anyone with real purpose in life, nothing could stand in the way of his goal.
  Several years before this incident, Dr Conwell was attracted by a true story with its ageless moral.The story was about a farmer who lived in Africa and through a visitor became excited about looking for diamonds.Diamonds were already discovered in abundance on the African continent and this farmer got so excited about the idea of millions of dollars’ worth of diamonds that he sold his farm to head for the diamond mine.He wandered all over the continent, constantly searching for diamonds, wealth, which he never found.Eventually he went completely broke and threw himself into a river and died.
  Meanwhile, the new owner of his farm picked up an unusual-looking rock about the size of an egg and put it on his mantle (斗篷) as a sort of curiosity.A visitor stopped by.He told the new owner that the funny-looking rock was about the biggest diamond that had ever been found.The new owner shouted, “God, the whole farm is covered with them.”
  The farm turned out to be the Kimberly Diamond Mine, the richest the world has ever known.The original farmer was literally standing on “Acres of Diamonds” until he sold his farm.
  Dr Conwell learned from the story of the farmer and continued to teach its moral.Opportunity does not just come along; it is there all the time — we just have to see it.Dr Conwell told the story over and over again on many occasions for raising money to start the college for poor students.In fact, he raised nearly six million dollars and the university he founded, Temple University in Philadelphia, has at least ten degree-granting colleges and six other schools.
1.What caused Dr Conwell to build a university?(  )
A.His wife’s suggestion.
B.A young man’s requirement.
C.A millionaire’s donation.
D.His education experience.
2.Why did the farmer give up his farm?(  )
A.Because he wanted to wander around the world.
B.Because he planned to build a university.
C.Because he threw himself into a river.
D.Because he meant to seek his fortune.
3.In which condition did the new owner find the Kimberly Diamond Mine?(  )
A.He exchanged his rock for eggs.
B.He sold his mantles to visitors.
C.He decorated his mantle by a rock.
D.He sorted out the whole farm.
4.Which of the following best describes Dr Conwell?(  )
A.Adaptable.       B.Considerate.
C.Disciplined. D.Purposeful.
B
  When it comes to entrepreneurship (企業(yè)家), it seems like a lot of us are fond of the idea of NOT getting more education.Sure, we’ve all heard how Bill Gates and Steve Jobs dropped out of college to found Microsoft and Apple, respectively.A lot of would-be solopreneurs (獨(dú)立創(chuàng)業(yè)者) think this means they should take the same course, putting education by the wayside to chase their business goals.
  Now, I’m not saying that you need a college degree to be a successful entrepreneur.But all too often, people take these famous examples a step too far and decide they don’t need to further their education in any way.
  The thing is, college isn’t the only place you can get an education.Bill Gates and Steve Jobs learned a lot outside their classroom settings to turn their companies into the global successes they are today.When it comes to entrepreneurship, the most successful people are generally the ones who develop a lifelong love of learning.It’s a feature worth imitating.
  When we think of “exercise”, most of us think of sweaty people at the gym running on treadmills and lifting weights.We don’t think of hitting the books.But the brain is actually a muscle too.And just like you need those physical workouts so you don’t start getting saggy (松弛的) around the middle, you need to give your brain regular “workouts” that keep it active and healthy.
  Contrary to popular belief, your brain doesn’t stop growing after adolescence.One recent study found that the brain continues to produce new neurons associated with learning, emotion and memory throughout adulthood.Of course, the outcomes of this ongoing development depend in part on your own efforts.
  If you’re not feeling motivated to work out your brain, it might be helpful to consider the costs of not continuing to learn.Quite simply, the problems you have now — whether in business or
other areas of your life — are going to continue to exist if you don’t find new ways to approach them.The things you learn will help you discover new solutions and think more creatively.When done right, training your brain can become a lifelong habit — just like going for a morning run or hitting the gym at the end of the work day.
5.What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?(  )
A.It is no use obtaining college degree.
B.It is not necessary to further our education.
C.It is more important to chase business goals.
D.It is vital to view these successful examples sensibly.
6.What does the underlined phrase “hitting the books” in Paragraph 4 mean?(  )
A.Getting rid of the books.
B.Diving into the books.
C.Purchasing the books.
D.Referring to the books.
7.What can we know about the brain from this passage?(  )
A.The brain can be active by continuous learning.
B.The brain can produce new neurons all the life.
C.Working out the brain can solve all the problems.
D.Working out the brain will cost you a lot.
8.What is the main idea of the passage?(  )
A.The brain is of significance to our health.
B.Keeping reading books is highly recommended.
C.Nonstop learning should be a lifelong habit.
D.It is important to develop a passion for learning.
Ⅱ.完形填空
  When I began planning to move to Auckland to study,my mother was worried about a lack of jobs and cultural differences.Ignoring these  9 ,I got there in July 2010. 10  I arrived,I realised the importance of getting a job for my living experience.Determined to do this  11 ,I spent several weeks going door-to-door for a job,but found  12  response.
  One afternoon,I walked into a building to ask  13  there were any job opportunities.The people there advised me not to continue my job search in that  14 .As I was about to  15 ,a man who had been listening approached me and asked me to wait outside for a while.Nearly ten minutes later,he  16 .He asked me about my plans and encouraged me to stay  17 .Then he offered to take me to Royal Oak to  18  a job.
  I was a little surprised,but had a good feeling about him.Along the way,I realised that I had  19  resumes.Seeing this,the man  20  at his business partner’s office to make me fifteen  21  copies.He also gave me some suggestions on dressing and speaking.I handed out my resume and went home feeling very  22 .The following day,I received a call from a store in Royal Oak offering me a job.
  It seems that the world always  23  to you when you need it.And this time,it was a complete stranger who turned out to be a real blessing.
9.( )A.doubts     B.reasons
C.instructions D.concerns
10.( )A.Even if B.Every time
C.Soon after D.Now that
11.( )A.on my way B.on my own
C.by any chance D.by the day
12.( )A.any B.much
C.little D.some
13.( )A.whether   B.wherever
C.why D.whenever
14.( )A.direction B.manner
C.language D.attitude
15.( )A.answer B.work
C.refuse D.leave
16.( )A.passed B.hesitated
C.returned D.regretted
17.( )A.positive B.busy
C.silent D.comfortable
18.( )A.pick out B.give up
C.take on D.search for
19.( )A.made use of B.run out of
C.taken care of D.become tired of
20.( )A.appeared B.knocked
C.glanced D.stopped
21.( )A.more B.right
C.former D.different
22.( )A.lonely B.satisfied
C.disappointed D.funny
23.( )A.turns off B.goes over
C.gives back D.looks up
Ⅲ.語法填空
  The Chinese couplet (對聯(lián)) refers to two poetic lines obeying certain rules, often written on red paper for 24.       (appreciate).
  As a form of Chinese literature, the couplet 25.       (vary) in content and style.Some express people’s love to their motherland, some describe the beauty of nature, 26.       some convey best wishes for the coming year.
  Chinese couplets originated in the Five Dynasties, and 27.          (become) ubiquitous (無處不在的) in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.It was the custom for people 28.       (hang) peach wood charms to drive away evil spirits during the Spring Festival.Nowadays, couplets are used 29.       a similar way.
  It was said that the 30.       (early) couplet was written by Meng Chang, king of Later Shu and it was 31.       (extreme) popular in the Northern Song Dynasty.Since the Ming Dynasty, to write couplets 32.       (regard) as a mark of the cultured life of scholars.
The couplet has two equal-length lines.However, 33.       number of characters in each line can be from four to seven or more.The first and the second lines have opposite tone patterns.The last character of the first line is of an oblique tone (仄聲), and its opposite in the second line, is of a level tone (平聲).
Section Ⅱ Using language
基礎(chǔ)知識自測
維度一
1.put all our efforts into 2.as soon as possible 3.graduate from 4.stick to 5.lose weight 6.cooperate with
維度二
1.is widely used
2.was held in a hall
3.is being rebuilt
4.was faced with
5.will be built
6.have been translated
7.is known as
8.had been prohibited
維度三
1.is considered 2.was sent 3.was published 4.have been translated 5.have been recognised 6.will be remembered
素養(yǎng)能力提升
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀:本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了康韋爾博士受到啟發(fā),通過演講自己鐘愛的故事籌集了大量的資金為貧困年輕人創(chuàng)建了一所大學(xué)的故事。
1.B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的a young man went to Dr Conwell and told him he wanted a college education but couldn’t afford it和He decided to build a university for unfortunate, but deserving, students.可知,康韋爾博士是在得知一個貧困年輕人想上大學(xué)但是付不起學(xué)費(fèi)之后萌發(fā)了建立一所大學(xué)的想法。
2.D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的became excited about looking for diamonds和he sold his farm to head for the diamond mine以及searching for diamonds, wealth可知,這位農(nóng)場主想通過尋找鉆石發(fā)財,于是賣掉了自己的農(nóng)場。
3.C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段可知,農(nóng)場新主人出于好奇將一塊不尋常的石頭裝飾在他的斗篷上,然后被一位路人發(fā)現(xiàn)它大概是世界上最大的鉆石,因此這位農(nóng)場新主人發(fā)現(xiàn)了金伯利鉆石礦。
4.D 推理判斷題。本文主要講述了康韋爾博士為了籌集大量的資金創(chuàng)建一所大學(xué)而反復(fù)在演講中提及自己鐘愛的故事。文章在開頭和結(jié)尾提到康韋爾博士是一個發(fā)現(xiàn)了機(jī)會就堅持不懈將其成功實(shí)現(xiàn)的人,即康韋爾博士是一個目標(biāo)明確的人。
語篇解讀:本文是一篇說明文。文章主要闡述了最成功的人永不停止學(xué)習(xí)的原因。
5.D 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句可推知,理智地看待這些成功的例子更加重要。
6.B 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段第一句以及畫線詞所在句下文But the brain is actually a muscle too.可知,提起鍛煉身體,人們都會想到在健身房跑步機(jī)上揮汗的人們。我們不會想到埋頭讀書。但是,事實(shí)上大腦也是一塊肌肉。由此推測,畫線詞意為“埋頭讀書”。
7.A 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句可知,大腦可以通過持續(xù)的學(xué)習(xí)保持活躍。
8.C 主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容尤其是最后一句可知,文章主要說明了大學(xué)并不是你唯一能接受教育的地方,最成功的人通常是那些終身熱愛學(xué)習(xí)的人,建議我們把學(xué)習(xí)看作一種終生的習(xí)慣。由此推斷,文章的主旨是不間斷的學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)該成為一種終生的習(xí)慣。
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀:本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者獨(dú)自一人去奧克蘭求學(xué),需要一份工作充實(shí)自己的生活經(jīng)歷。 他在一位陌生人的幫助下最終獲得了一份工作。作者以此向我們說明一個生活真諦:世界總是在你需要的時候回報你。
9.D 根據(jù)上文可知,此處是指“我”忽略了母親的這些擔(dān)憂。
10.C 此處是指“我”剛到不久,就意識到找工作對于“我”的生活經(jīng)歷的重要性,所以馬上開始找工作。
11.B 根據(jù)下文I spent several weeks going door-to-door for a job可知,此處是指“我”決定靠自己找工作。
12.C 根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折詞but可知,“我”幾乎沒有得到什么回應(yīng)。
13.A 此處是指“我”走進(jìn)大樓找工作,所以是詢問是否有工作機(jī)會。
14.B 根據(jù)上文可知,“我”用挨家挨戶詢問的方式找工作沒有得到什么回應(yīng),所以那里的人建議“我”不要用那種方式繼續(xù)找工作。
15.D 根據(jù)上文The people there advised me not to continue my job search in that  14 .和下文asked me to wait outside for a while可知,此處表示此時“我”聽了旁人的建議打算離開。
16.C 這個人要求“我”等他一會兒,所以此處是指大約十分鐘后,他回來了。
17.A 根據(jù)encouraged me可知,此處是指他鼓勵“我”保持樂觀。
18.D 此處是指他提出帶“我”去皇家橡樹找工作。
19.B 根據(jù)下文他幫“我”復(fù)印簡歷可知,此處是指“我”的簡歷已經(jīng)用完了。
20.D 根據(jù)上文Along the way可知,“我”和他在去找工作的路上,所以此處是指在他的生意伙伴的辦公室停下來。
21.A 根據(jù)上文可知,此處是指又復(fù)印了15份(簡歷)。fifteen more意為“再來15個”。
22.B 根據(jù)上文可知,這個人不光鼓勵“我”,幫“我”復(fù)印簡歷,還給了“我”很多有用的建議,所以“我”感到很滿足。
23.C 根據(jù)下文And this time,it was a complete stranger who turned out to be a real blessing.可知,此處是指世界似乎總是在你需要的時候給你回報。
Ⅲ.
語篇解讀:本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了中國對聯(lián)的寓意、目的以及起源等。
24.appreciation 考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)空前的for可知,該空應(yīng)用名詞作for的賓語;再結(jié)合句意可知,此處表示“欣賞”,是不可數(shù)名詞。故填appreciation。
25.varies 考查動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。該句講的是客觀事實(shí),應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時;主語the couplet表示第三人稱單數(shù)概念,且與vary之間是主動關(guān)系。故填varies。
26.and 考查連詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處應(yīng)用并列連詞連接三個句子。故填and。
27.became 考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語in the Ming and Qing Dynasties可知,此處描述過去的事情,應(yīng)用一般過去時。故填became。
28.to hang 考查非謂語動詞。It is/was the custom (for sb) to do sth,意為“根據(jù)傳統(tǒng)……”,該句型中It作形式主語,真正的主語為動詞不定式短語。故填to hang。
29.in 考查介詞。in a similar way意為“用類似的方式”。故填in。
30.earliest 考查形容詞的最高級。根據(jù)空前的the和語境可知,此處表示據(jù)說最早的對聯(lián)是后蜀皇帝孟昶所寫,所以該空應(yīng)用形容詞early的最高級。故填earliest。
31.extremely 考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾形容詞popular應(yīng)用副詞。故填extremely。
32.has been regarded 考查動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)時間狀語Since the Ming Dynasty可知,該空應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時,表示過去發(fā)生的動作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在;主語to write couplets為非謂語動詞短語,且與regard之間為被動關(guān)系,謂語動詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填has been regarded。
33.the 考查定冠詞。the number of為固定短語,表示“……的數(shù)量”。故填the。
5 / 5Section Ⅱ Using language
復(fù)習(xí):被動語態(tài)
①On discovering that Morrie is being weakened by a severe illness,Mitch starts visiting him at his house on Tuesdays.
②Indeed,it was a pleasant surprise to find that this book is filled with joy and hope.
③Reading this book made me feel as if I’d been woken up from a long sleep and finally opened my eyes to the world!
④A box of tissues will be needed to get through this book!
【我的發(fā)現(xiàn)】
1.句①中的黑體部分為              。
2.句②中的黑體部分為              。
3.句③中的黑體部分為              。
4.句④中的黑體部分為              。
一、各種時態(tài)被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成
被動語態(tài)由助動詞be和及物動詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成。被動語態(tài)可用于各種時態(tài),其時態(tài)變化通過助動詞be的不同形式來體現(xiàn)。
時態(tài) 主動語態(tài) 被動語態(tài)
一般現(xiàn)在時 do/does am/is/are+done
一般將來時 will+do will+be+done
一般過去時 did was/were+done
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 am/is/are+doing am/is/are+being+done
過去進(jìn)行時 was/were+doing was/were+being+done
現(xiàn)在完成時 have/has+done have/has+been+done
過去完成時 had+done had+been+done
將來完成時 will/shall+have+done will/shall+have+been+done
The classroom is cleaned by us every day.
我們每天都打掃教室。(一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài))
The school sports meeting will be held next week.
校運(yùn)動會將在下星期舉行。(一般將來時的被動語態(tài))
The letter was typed on the computer.
這封信是用電腦打出來的。(一般過去時的被動語態(tài))
The road is being repaired by construction workers.
建筑工人正在修路。(現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài))
The room was being painted when I left.
我離開時,房間正在被粉刷。(過去進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài))
So far my thesis has been completed.
到目前為止我的論文已經(jīng)寫好了。(現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài))
The room had been broken into before we came.
我們來之前已經(jīng)有人強(qiáng)行闖入這個房間了。(過去完成時的被動語態(tài))
The design will have been done by the end of this week.
這個設(shè)計將在本周末做完。(將來完成時的被動語態(tài))
二、被動語態(tài)的特殊形式
1.含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)為:情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞。
Something must be done to stop the water from being polluted.
必須采取措施來防止水受到污染。
2.“get+過去分詞”式被動語態(tài)。
在口語和非正式的語體中,常用“get+過去分詞”表示被動語態(tài),其中g(shù)et相當(dāng)于be動詞,起助動詞的作用。這種形式常用來強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。
The boy got hurt when he was riding to school.
那個男孩子騎車去上學(xué)時受傷了。
Some glasses got broken when we were moving.
我們搬家時有些玻璃杯被打碎了。
【即時演練1】 單句語法填空
①The restaurant was here until five years ago, and it         (tear) down then.
②They         (limit) to a certain number to be brought in from other countries.
③Listen!The information on road situation ahead           (broadcast) on the traffic radio.
④The performance       (begin) for a few minutes when he arrived at the theater.
⑤They hope more clothes        (donate) to that area in the month to come.
三、主動形式表示被動意義
1.lock,open,shut,move,read,sell,wash,write等動詞和well,badly,easily等副詞連用表示主語的內(nèi)在品質(zhì)或性能時是不及物動詞,常用主動形式表示被動意義。
The door doesn’t open easily.
這扇門不容易打開。
The new product sells well.
這個新產(chǎn)品很暢銷。
2.動詞look,sound,feel,smell,taste,seem,turn,fall,grow,keep,go,stay作系動詞時,后跟名詞或形容詞作表語,表示主語的特點(diǎn),此時用主動形式表示被動意義。
The soup smells good but tastes terrible.
這種湯聞起來不錯,但太難喝了。
3.表示開始、結(jié)束、運(yùn)動的動詞,如begin,finish,open,stop,move等,用主動形式表示被動意義。
The shop opens at 8:00 in the morning every day.
這家商店每天上午八點(diǎn)開始營業(yè)。
4.need,want,require等動詞以及be worth后面,常跟動詞-ing的主動形式表示被動意義。
My watch doesn’t work; it needs repairing(=needs to be repaired).
我的手表壞了,需要修理。
This dictionary is well worth buying.
這本詞典非常值得購買。
5.在“主語+系動詞+形容詞+to do”結(jié)構(gòu)中,句子的主語與動詞不定式有邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,且形容詞表示主語的特征或性質(zhì),動詞不定式用主動形式表示被動意義。該結(jié)構(gòu)中常用的形容詞有easy,hard,difficult,important,impossible,interesting,heavy等。
What life will be like in the future is difficult to predict.
很難預(yù)測將來的生活是怎樣的。
6.be to blame或be to let也是主動形式表示被動意義。
He is to blame for the broken window.
他應(yīng)該為打破的窗戶受到責(zé)備。
【即時演練2】 補(bǔ)全句子
①The pen           .
這支鋼筆寫起來很流暢。
②The old               carefully.
老年人需要細(xì)心照料。
③If you can follow these tips, your bad habits             .
如果你能遵循這些建議,你的壞習(xí)慣就很容易改掉。
④Poor communication is at least partly         .
溝通不暢至少是部分原因。
四、使用被動語態(tài)應(yīng)注意的問題
1.不及物動詞及其短語不能用于被動語態(tài)。常見的有rise,appear,disappear,happen,occur,break out,take place,run out,give out(用完,耗盡)等。
My money has run out.Can you lend me some?
我的錢用完了,你能借給我一些嗎?
2.在主動語態(tài)里,感官動詞和使役動詞后面跟不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語,但變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時,須帶to。
I often hear her sing English songs.
→She is often heard to sing English songs by me.
我經(jīng)常聽見她唱英語歌。
3.帶有介詞或副詞的動詞短語用作被動語態(tài)的謂語時,介詞或副詞不能省略。
She often looks after the old man.
→The old man is often looked after by her.
她經(jīng)常照顧這位老人。
4.含有雙賓語的主動結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)時,有兩種方法:一是將間接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z,直接賓語保持不變;二是將直接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z,間接賓語前加介詞to或for。
Her mother bought her a computer.
→She was bought a computer by her mother.
→A computer was bought for her by her mother.
她媽媽給她買了一臺電腦。
名師點(diǎn)津
被動語態(tài)是動詞的一種特殊形式,表示句子的主語是動作的承受者,即動作的對象。一般來說,只有及物動詞(短語)才有被動語態(tài),不及物動詞(短語)沒有被動語態(tài)。
【即時演練3】 把下列主動句變?yōu)楸粍泳?補(bǔ)全句子
①He showed me a ticket.
→                   (變直接賓語為主語)
→                   (變間接賓語為主語)
②He made the farmers work for a long time.
→The farmers             for a long time (by him).
③Great changes            in my hometown in the past ten years.
最近十年,我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大變化。
cooperate v.合作,協(xié)作
【教材原句】  ...it is easier to achieve something if you cooperate with someone else
……如果你和別人合作,就更容易取得成就
【用法】
(1)cooperate with ...   與……協(xié)作/合作 cooperate to do ... 合作共同做…… (2)cooperation n. 合作 in cooperation with ... 與……合作 (3)cooperative adj. 合作的;同心協(xié)力的
【佳句】 If you want to cooperate with them, you have to make compromises in terms of salary.如果你想與他們合作,就必須在薪水方面作出一些妥協(xié)。
【練透】 單句語法填空
①If you act up to your promise, we are going on cooperating       you.
【寫美】 補(bǔ)全句子
②It was reported that the fair had been organized             local businesses.
據(jù)報道這個商品交易會是與當(dāng)?shù)仄髽I(yè)聯(lián)合舉辦的。
Section Ⅱ Using language
【重難語法·要攻克】
我的發(fā)現(xiàn)
1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài) 2.一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài) 
3.過去完成時的被動語態(tài) 4.一般將來時的被動語態(tài)
即時演練1
①was torn ②are limited ③is being broadcast 
④had begun ⑤will be donated
即時演練2
①writes very well ②require looking after/to be looked after ③will be easy to break ④to blame
即時演練3
①A ticket was shown to me by him.; I was shown a ticket by him. ②were made to work ③have taken place
【知識要點(diǎn)·須拾遺】
 ①with ②in cooperation with
5 / 5(共79張PPT)
Section Ⅱ Using language
1
重難語法·要攻克
目 錄
2
知識要點(diǎn)·須拾遺
3
課時檢測·提能力
重難語法·要攻克
掌握核心語法
1
復(fù)習(xí):被動語態(tài)
①On discovering that Morrie is being weakened by a severe illness,
Mitch starts visiting him at his house on Tuesdays.
②Indeed,it was a pleasant surprise to find that this book is filled with joy
and hope.
③Reading this book made me feel as if I’d been woken up from a long
sleep and finally opened my eyes to the world!
④A box of tissues will be needed to get through this book!
1. 句①中的黑體部分為 。
2. 句②中的黑體部分為 。
3. 句③中的黑體部分為 。
4. 句④中的黑體部分為 。
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài) 
一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài) 
過去完成時的被動語態(tài) 
一般將來時的被動語態(tài) 
【我的發(fā)現(xiàn)】
一、各種時態(tài)被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成
被動語態(tài)由助動詞be和及物動詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成。被動語態(tài)可用于各
種時態(tài),其時態(tài)變化通過助動詞be的不同形式來體現(xiàn)。
時態(tài) 主動語態(tài) 被動語態(tài)
一般現(xiàn)在時 do/does am/is/are+done
一般將來時 will+do will+be+done
一般過去時 did was/were+done
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 am/is/are+doing am/is/are+being+done
過去進(jìn)行時 was/were+doing was/were+being+done
現(xiàn)在完成時 have/has+done have/has+been+done
過去完成時 had+done had+been+done
將來完成時 will/shall+have+done will/shall+have+been+
done
The classroom is cleaned by us every day.
我們每天都打掃教室。(一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài))
The school sports meeting will be held next week.
校運(yùn)動會將在下星期舉行。(一般將來時的被動語態(tài))
The letter was typed on the computer.
這封信是用電腦打出來的。(一般過去時的被動語態(tài))
The road is being repaired by construction workers.
建筑工人正在修路。(現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài))
The room was being painted when I left.
我離開時,房間正在被粉刷。(過去進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài))
So far my thesis has been completed.
到目前為止我的論文已經(jīng)寫好了。(現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài))
The room had been broken into before we came.
我們來之前已經(jīng)有人強(qiáng)行闖入這個房間了。(過去完成時的被動
語態(tài))
The design will have been done by the end of this week.
這個設(shè)計將在本周末做完。(將來完成時的被動語態(tài))
二、被動語態(tài)的特殊形式
1. 含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)為:情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞。
Something must be done to stop the water from being polluted.
必須采取措施來防止水受到污染。
2. “get+過去分詞”式被動語態(tài)。
在口語和非正式的語體中,常用“get+過去分詞”表示被動語
態(tài),其中g(shù)et相當(dāng)于be動詞,起助動詞的作用。這種形式常用來強(qiáng)
調(diào)結(jié)果。
The boy got hurt when he was riding to school.
那個男孩子騎車去上學(xué)時受傷了。
Some glasses got broken when we were moving.
我們搬家時有些玻璃杯被打碎了。
【即時演練1】 單句語法填空
①The restaurant was here until five years ago, and it
(tear) down then.
②They (limit) to a certain number to be brought in
from other countries.
③Listen!The information on road situation ahead
(broadcast) on the traffic radio.
④The performance (begin) for a few minutes when he
arrived at the theater.
⑤They hope more clothes (donate) to that area in
the month to come.
was torn 
are limited 
is being broadcast 
had begun 
will be donated 
三、主動形式表示被動意義
1. lock,open,shut,move,read,sell,wash,write等動詞和well,
badly,easily等副詞連用表示主語的內(nèi)在品質(zhì)或性能時是不及物動
詞,常用主動形式表示被動意義。
The door doesn’t open easily.
這扇門不容易打開。
The new product sells well.
這個新產(chǎn)品很暢銷。
2. 動詞look,sound,feel,smell,taste,seem,turn,fall,grow,
keep,go,stay作系動詞時,后跟名詞或形容詞作表語,表示主語
的特點(diǎn),此時用主動形式表示被動意義。
The soup smells good but tastes terrible.
這種湯聞起來不錯,但太難喝了。
3. 表示開始、結(jié)束、運(yùn)動的動詞,如begin,finish,open,stop,
move等,用主動形式表示被動意義。
The shop opens at 8:00 in the morning every day.
這家商店每天上午八點(diǎn)開始營業(yè)。
4. need,want,require等動詞以及be worth后面,常跟動詞-ing的主動
形式表示被動意義。
My watch doesn’t work; it needs repairing(=needs to be
repaired).
我的手表壞了,需要修理。
This dictionary is well worth buying.
這本詞典非常值得購買。
5. 在“主語+系動詞+形容詞+to do”結(jié)構(gòu)中,句子的主語與動詞不
定式有邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,且形容詞表示主語的特征或性質(zhì),動詞
不定式用主動形式表示被動意義。該結(jié)構(gòu)中常用的形容詞有easy,
hard,difficult,important,impossible,interesting,heavy等。
What life will be like in the future is difficult to predict.
很難預(yù)測將來的生活是怎樣的。
6. be to blame或be to let也是主動形式表示被動意義。
He is to blame for the broken window.
他應(yīng)該為打破的窗戶受到責(zé)備。
【即時演練2】 補(bǔ)全句子
①The pen .
這支鋼筆寫起來很流暢。
②The old carefully.
老年人需要細(xì)心照料。
③If you can follow these tips, your bad habits .
如果你能遵循這些建議,你的壞習(xí)慣就很容易改掉。
④Poor communication is at least partly .
溝通不暢至少是部分原因。
writes very well 
require looking after/to be looked after 
will be easy to break 
to blame 
四、使用被動語態(tài)應(yīng)注意的問題
1. 不及物動詞及其短語不能用于被動語態(tài)。常見的有rise,appear,
disappear,happen,occur,break out,take place,run out,give out
(用完,耗盡)等。
My money has run out.Can you lend me some?
我的錢用完了,你能借給我一些嗎?
2. 在主動語態(tài)里,感官動詞和使役動詞后面跟不帶to的動詞不定式作
賓語補(bǔ)足語,但變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時,須帶to。
I often hear her sing English songs.
→She is often heard to sing English songs by me.
我經(jīng)常聽見她唱英語歌。
3. 帶有介詞或副詞的動詞短語用作被動語態(tài)的謂語時,介詞或副詞不
能省略。
She often looks after the old man.
→The old man is often looked after by her.
她經(jīng)常照顧這位老人。
4. 含有雙賓語的主動結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)時,有兩種方法:一是將間接
賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z,直接賓語保持不變;二是將直接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z,間
接賓語前加介詞to或for。
Her mother bought her a computer.
→She was bought a computer by her mother.
→A computer was bought for her by her mother.
她媽媽給她買了一臺電腦。
名師點(diǎn)津
被動語態(tài)是動詞的一種特殊形式,表示句子的主語是動作的承受者,
即動作的對象。一般來說,只有及物動詞(短語)才有被動語態(tài),不
及物動詞(短語)沒有被動語態(tài)。
【即時演練3】 把下列主動句變?yōu)楸粍泳?補(bǔ)全句子
①He showed me a ticket.
→ (變直接賓語為主語)
→ (變間接賓語為主語)
②He made the farmers work for a long time.
→The farmers for a long time (by him).
③Great changes in my hometown in the past ten
years.
最近十年,我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大變化。
A ticket was shown to me by him. 
I was shown a ticket by him. 
were made to work 
have taken place 
知識要點(diǎn)·須拾遺
關(guān)注高頻詞匯
2
cooperate v.合作,協(xié)作
【教材原句】  ...it is easier to achieve something if you cooperate
with someone else
……如果你和別人合作,就更容易取得成就
【用法】
(1)cooperate with ...  與……協(xié)作/合作
cooperate to do ...  合作共同做……
(2)cooperation n.  合作
in cooperation with ...  與……合作
(3)cooperative adj.  合作的;同心協(xié)力的
【佳句】 If you want to cooperate with them, you have to make
compromises in terms of salary.如果你想與他們合作,就必須在薪水方
面作出一些妥協(xié)。
【練透】 單句語法填空
①If you act up to your promise, we are going on cooperating
you.
with 
【寫美】 補(bǔ)全句子
②It was reported that the fair had been organized
local businesses.
據(jù)報道這個商品交易會是與當(dāng)?shù)仄髽I(yè)聯(lián)合舉辦的。
in cooperation with 
課時檢測·提能力
培育學(xué)科素養(yǎng)
3
維度一:基礎(chǔ)題型練
用方框內(nèi)短語的適當(dāng)形式填空。
stick to, as soon as possible, cooperate with, put all one’s efforts
into, graduate from, lose weight
1. We market research and took a series of
measures to increase product sales.
put all our efforts into 
2. I firmly believe that I will adapt to the college life
.
3. Many young people worry that once they
university, they will join the ranks of the unemployed.
4. Your behaviour is in direct contradiction to the principles you claim
to .
5. The only way to permanently is to completely change
your attitudes.
6. Participating in them enables us to learn to fellow
students.
as soon as
possible 
graduate from 
stick to 
lose weight 
cooperate with 
維度二:語法與寫作
補(bǔ)全句子
1. Body language in our daily life.
肢體語言在我們的日常生活中被廣泛使用。
2. A speech contest called “l(fā)ive in harmony with nature”
which can accommodate 2,000 people.
一場名為“與大自然和諧相處”的演講比賽在一個可容納2,000人
的大廳舉行。
is widely used 
was held in
a hall 
3. They are living with their parents for the moment because their own
house .
他們現(xiàn)在暫時和父母住在一起,因?yàn)樗麄冏约旱姆孔诱诒恢亟ā?br/>4. She didn’t give in when she such cyber-violence.
當(dāng)她面對那樣的網(wǎng)絡(luò)暴力時,她沒有屈服。
5. More expressways in Sichuan soon to promote the
development of the local economy.
很快,四川將會建更多高速公路來促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。
is being rebuilt 
was faced with 
will be built 
6. Many of his books into other languages so
far.
到目前為止,他的許多著作已經(jīng)被翻譯成其他語言。
7. Chemistry a most challenging subject.
化學(xué)被認(rèn)為是最具挑戰(zhàn)性的學(xué)科之一。
8. By the end of last year, restaurants, clothing stores and book
stores from providing free plastic shopping
bags.
截至去年年底,餐館、服裝店和書店已被禁止免費(fèi)提供塑料購
物袋。
have been translated 
is known as 
had been prohibited 
維度三:語法與語篇
根據(jù)語境,用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
  Have you ever heard of Jules Verne? Actually, he 1.
(consider) to be an important author in France and most of
European countries.Jules Verne was interested in science and literature
from an early age.In 1847, Jules Verne 2.
is
considered 
(send) by his family to study law at a university in Paris,
but he preferred to write novels, poems and plays, especially adventure
stories.His first adventure novel, Five Weeks in a Balloon, 3.
(publish) in 1863 and won popularity
immediately.Actually, his writing career lasted for more than 40
years.Up to now, his books 4. (translate)
into hundreds of languages, making him the second most-translated
author in the world.His creations 5.
(recognise) as an inspiration for many scientists
and inventors for many years.Although Jules Verne passed away in 1905,
he 6. (remember) forever by the readers.
was sent 
was
published 
have been translated 
have been recognised 
will be remembered 
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
  One day, a young man went to Dr Conwell and told him he wanted a
college education but couldn’t afford it.Dr Conwell decided, at that
moment, what his aim in life was, besides being a man of the cloth.He
decided to build a university for unfortunate, but deserving,
students.He did have a challenge, however.He would need a few million
dollars to build the university.For Dr Conwell, and anyone with real
purpose in life, nothing could stand in the way of his goal.
  Several years before this incident, Dr Conwell was attracted by a
true story with its ageless moral.The story was about a farmer who lived in
Africa and through a visitor became excited about looking for
diamonds.Diamonds were already discovered in abundance on the African
continent and this farmer got so excited about the idea of millions of
dollars’ worth of diamonds that he sold his farm to head for the diamond
mine.He wandered all over the continent, constantly searching for
diamonds, wealth, which he never found.Eventually he went
completely broke and threw himself into a river and died.
  Meanwhile, the new owner of his farm picked up an unusual-
looking rock about the size of an egg and put it on his mantle (斗篷) as
a sort of curiosity.A visitor stopped by.He told the new owner that the
funny-looking rock was about the biggest diamond that had ever been
found.The new owner shouted, “God, the whole farm is covered with
them.”
  The farm turned out to be the Kimberly Diamond Mine, the richest
the world has ever known.The original farmer was literally standing on
“Acres of Diamonds” until he sold his farm.
  Dr Conwell learned from the story of the farmer and continued to
teach its moral.Opportunity does not just come along; it is there all the
time — we just have to see it.Dr Conwell told the story over and over
again on many occasions for raising money to start the college for poor
students.In fact, he raised nearly six million dollars and the university he
founded, Temple University in Philadelphia, has at least ten degree-
granting colleges and six other schools.
語篇解讀:本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了康韋爾博士受到啟
發(fā),通過演講自己鐘愛的故事籌集了大量的資金為貧困年輕人創(chuàng)建
了一所大學(xué)的故事。
語篇解讀:本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了康韋爾博士受到啟
發(fā),通過演講自己鐘愛的故事籌集了大量的資金為貧困年輕人創(chuàng)建
了一所大學(xué)的故事。
1. What caused Dr Conwell to build a university?(  )
A. His wife’s suggestion.
B. A young man’s requirement.
C. A millionaire’s donation.
D. His education experience.
解析: 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的a young man went to Dr
Conwell and told him he wanted a college education but couldn’t
afford it和He decided to build a university for unfortunate, but
deserving, students.可知,康韋爾博士是在得知一個貧困年輕人想
上大學(xué)但是付不起學(xué)費(fèi)之后萌發(fā)了建立一所大學(xué)的想法。
2. Why did the farmer give up his farm?(  )
A. Because he wanted to wander around the world.
B. Because he planned to build a university.
C. Because he threw himself into a river.
D. Because he meant to seek his fortune.
解析: 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的became excited about
looking for diamonds和he sold his farm to head for the diamond mine以
及searching for diamonds, wealth可知,這位農(nóng)場主想通過尋找鉆
石發(fā)財,于是賣掉了自己的農(nóng)場。
3. In which condition did the new owner find the Kimberly Diamond
Mine?(  )
A. He exchanged his rock for eggs.
B. He sold his mantles to visitors.
C. He decorated his mantle by a rock.
D. He sorted out the whole farm.
解析: 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段可知,農(nóng)場新主人出于好奇將
一塊不尋常的石頭裝飾在他的斗篷上,然后被一位路人發(fā)現(xiàn)它大概
是世界上最大的鉆石,因此這位農(nóng)場新主人發(fā)現(xiàn)了金伯利鉆石礦。
4. Which of the following best describes Dr Conwell?(  )
A. Adaptable. B. Considerate.
C. Disciplined. D. Purposeful.
解析: 推理判斷題。本文主要講述了康韋爾博士為了籌集大量
的資金創(chuàng)建一所大學(xué)而反復(fù)在演講中提及自己鐘愛的故事。文章在
開頭和結(jié)尾提到康韋爾博士是一個發(fā)現(xiàn)了機(jī)會就堅持不懈將其成功
實(shí)現(xiàn)的人,即康韋爾博士是一個目標(biāo)明確的人。
B
  When it comes to entrepreneurship (企業(yè)家), it seems like a lot
of us are fond of the idea of NOT getting more education.Sure, we’ve
all heard how Bill Gates and Steve Jobs dropped out of college to found
Microsoft and Apple, respectively.A lot of would-be solopreneurs (獨(dú)
立創(chuàng)業(yè)者) think this means they should take the same course, putting
education by the wayside to chase their business goals.
  Now, I’m not saying that you need a college degree to be a
successful entrepreneur.But all too often, people take these famous
examples a step too far and decide they don’t need to further their
education in any way.
  The thing is, college isn’t the only place you can get an
education.Bill Gates and Steve Jobs learned a lot outside their classroom
settings to turn their companies into the global successes they are
today.When it comes to entrepreneurship, the most successful people are
generally the ones who develop a lifelong love of learning.It’s a feature
worth imitating.
  When we think of “exercise”, most of us think of sweaty people
at the gym running on treadmills and lifting weights.We don’t think of
hitting the books.But the brain is actually a muscle too.And just like you
need those physical workouts so you don’t start getting saggy (松弛
的) around the middle, you need to give your brain regular
“workouts” that keep it active and healthy.
  Contrary to popular belief, your brain doesn’t stop growing after
adolescence.One recent study found that the brain continues to produce
new neurons associated with learning, emotion and memory throughout
adulthood.Of course, the outcomes of this ongoing development depend
in part on your own efforts.
  If you’re not feeling motivated to work out your brain, it might be
helpful to consider the costs of not continuing to learn.Quite simply, the
problems you have now — whether in business or other areas of your
life — are going to continue to exist if you don’t find new ways to
approach them.The things you learn will help you discover new solutions
and think more creatively.When done right, training your brain can
become a lifelong habit — just like going for a morning run or hitting the
gym at the end of the work day.
語篇解讀:本文是一篇說明文。文章主要闡述了最成功的人永不停
止學(xué)習(xí)的原因。
語篇解讀:本文是一篇說明文。文章主要闡述了最成功的人永不停
止學(xué)習(xí)的原因。
5. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?(  )
A. It is no use obtaining college degree.
B. It is not necessary to further our education.
C. It is more important to chase business goals.
D. It is vital to view these successful examples sensibly.
解析: 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句可推知,理智地看待這
些成功的例子更加重要。
6. What does the underlined phrase “hitting the books” in Paragraph 4
mean?(  )
A. Getting rid of the books.
B. Diving into the books.
C. Purchasing the books.
D. Referring to the books.
解析: 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段第一句以及畫線詞所在句下文
But the brain is actually a muscle too.可知,提起鍛煉身體,人們都
會想到在健身房跑步機(jī)上揮汗的人們。我們不會想到埋頭讀書。但
是,事實(shí)上大腦也是一塊肌肉。由此推測,畫線詞意為“埋頭讀
書”。
7. What can we know about the brain from this passage?(  )
A. The brain can be active by continuous learning.
B. The brain can produce new neurons all the life.
C. Working out the brain can solve all the problems.
D. Working out the brain will cost you a lot.
解析: 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句可知,大腦可以通過
持續(xù)的學(xué)習(xí)保持活躍。
8. What is the main idea of the passage?(  )
A. The brain is of significance to our health.
B. Keeping reading books is highly recommended.
C. Nonstop learning should be a lifelong habit.
D. It is important to develop a passion for learning.
解析: 主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容尤其是最后一句可知,文章
主要說明了大學(xué)并不是你唯一能接受教育的地方,最成功的人通常
是那些終身熱愛學(xué)習(xí)的人,建議我們把學(xué)習(xí)看作一種終生的習(xí)慣。
由此推斷,文章的主旨是不間斷的學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)該成為一種終生的習(xí)慣。
Ⅱ.完形填空
  When I began planning to move to Auckland to study,my mother
was worried about a lack of jobs and cultural differences.Ignoring
these  9 ,I got there in July 2010.  10  I arrived,I realised the
importance of getting a job for my living experience.Determined to do
this  11 ,I spent several weeks going door-to-door for a job,but
found  12  response.
  One afternoon,I walked into a building to ask  13  there were any
job opportunities.The people there advised me not to continue my job
search in that  14 .As I was about to  15 ,a man who had been
listening approached me and asked me to wait outside for a while.Nearly
ten minutes later,he  16 .He asked me about my plans and
encouraged me to stay  17 .Then he offered to take me to Royal Oak
to  18  a job.
  I was a little surprised,but had a good feeling about him.Along the
way,I realised that I had  19  resumes.Seeing this,the man  20 
at his business partner’s office to make me fifteen  21  copies.He also
gave me some suggestions on dressing and speaking.I handed out my
resume and went home feeling very  22 .The following day,I
received a call from a store in Royal Oak offering me a job.
  It seems that the world always  23  to you when you need it.And
this time,it was a complete stranger who turned out to be a real blessing.
語篇解讀:本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者獨(dú)自一人去奧克蘭求學(xué),
需要一份工作充實(shí)自己的生活經(jīng)歷。 他在一位陌生人的幫助下最終
獲得了一份工作。作者以此向我們說明一個生活真諦:世界總是在
你需要的時候回報你。
語篇解讀:本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者獨(dú)自一人去奧克蘭求學(xué),
需要一份工作充實(shí)自己的生活經(jīng)歷。 他在一位陌生人的幫助下最終
獲得了一份工作。作者以此向我們說明一個生活真諦:世界總是在
你需要的時候回報你。
9. A. doubts B. reasons
C. instructions D. concerns
解析: 根據(jù)上文可知,此處是指“我”忽略了母親的這些擔(dān)
憂。
10. A. Even if B. Every time
C. Soon after D. Now that
解析:  此處是指“我”剛到不久,就意識到找工作對于
“我”的生活經(jīng)歷的重要性,所以馬上開始找工作。
11. A. on my way B. on my own
C. by any chance D. by the day
解析:  根據(jù)下文I spent several weeks going door-to-door for a
job可知,此處是指“我”決定靠自己找工作。
12. A. any B. much C. little D. some
解析:  根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折詞but可知,“我”幾乎沒有得到什么回應(yīng)。
13. A. whether B. wherever
C. why D. whenever
解析:  此處是指“我”走進(jìn)大樓找工作,所以是詢問是否有
工作機(jī)會。
14. A. direction B. manner
C. language D. attitude
解析: 根據(jù)上文可知,“我”用挨家挨戶詢問的方式找工作
沒有得到什么回應(yīng),所以那里的人建議“我”不要用那種方式繼
續(xù)找工作。
15. A. answer B. work
C. refuse D. leave
解析:  根據(jù)上文The people there advised me not to continue my
job search in that  14 .和下文asked me to wait outside for a while
可知,此處表示此時“我”聽了旁人的建議打算離開。
16. A. passed B. hesitated
C. returned D. regretted
解析:  這個人要求“我”等他一會兒,所以此處是指大約十
分鐘后,他回來了。
17. A. positive B. busy
C. silent D. comfortable
解析:  根據(jù)encouraged me可知,此處是指他鼓勵“我”保持
樂觀。
18. A. pick out B. give up
C. take on D. search for
解析:  此處是指他提出帶“我”去皇家橡樹找工作。
19. A. made use of B. run out of
C. taken care of D. become tired of
解析:B 根據(jù)下文他幫“我”復(fù)印簡歷可知,此處是指“我”
的簡歷已經(jīng)用完了。
20. A. appeared B. knocked
C. glanced D. stopped
解析:  根據(jù)上文Along the way可知,“我”和他在去找工作的
路上,所以此處是指在他的生意伙伴的辦公室停下來。
21. A. more B. right
C. former D. different
解析:  根據(jù)上文可知,此處是指又復(fù)印了15份(簡歷)。
fifteen more意為“再來15個”。
22. A. lonely B. satisfied
C. disappointed D. funny
解析:  根據(jù)上文可知,這個人不光鼓勵“我”,幫“我”
復(fù)印簡歷,還給了“我”很多有用的建議,所以“我”感到很
滿足。
23. A. turns off B. goes over
C. gives back D. looks up
解析:  根據(jù)下文And this time,it was a complete stranger who
turned out to be a real blessing.可知,此處是指世界似乎總是在你
需要的時候給你回報。
Ⅲ.語法填空
  The Chinese couplet (對聯(lián)) refers to two poetic lines obeying
certain rules, often written on red paper for 24.       
(appreciate).
  As a form of Chinese literature, the couplet 25.       
(vary) in content and style.Some express people’s love to their
motherland, some describe the beauty of nature, 26.       
some convey best wishes for the coming year.
  Chinese couplets originated in the Five Dynasties, and
27.        (become) ubiquitous (無處不在的) in the Ming
and Qing Dynasties.It was the custom for people
28.           (hang) peach wood charms to drive away evil
spirits during the Spring Festival.Nowadays, couplets are used
29.        a similar way.
  It was said that the 30.        (early) couplet was written
by Meng Chang, king of Later Shu and it was 31.       
(extreme) popular in the Northern Song Dynasty.Since the Ming
Dynasty, to write couplets 32.        (regard) as a mark of
the cultured life of scholars.
  The couplet has two equal-length lines.However,
33.        number of characters in each line can be from four to
seven or more.The first and the second lines have opposite tone
patterns.The last character of the first line is of an oblique tone (仄
聲), and its opposite in the second line, is of a level tone (平聲).
語篇解讀:本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了中國對聯(lián)的寓意、目的
以及起源等。
語篇解讀:本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了中國對聯(lián)的寓意、目的
以及起源等。
24. appreciation 考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)空前的for可知,該空應(yīng)用名詞
作for的賓語;再結(jié)合句意可知,此處表示“欣賞”,是不可數(shù)名詞。
故填appreciation。
25. varies 考查動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。該句講的是客觀事
實(shí),應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時;主語the couplet表示第三人稱單數(shù)概念,且與
vary之間是主動關(guān)系。故填varies。
26. and 考查連詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處應(yīng)用并列連詞連接三個
句子。故填and。
27. became 考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語in the Ming and Qing
Dynasties可知,此處描述過去的事情,應(yīng)用一般過去時。故填
became。
28. to hang 考查非謂語動詞。It is/was the custom (for sb) to do
sth,意為“根據(jù)傳統(tǒng)……”,該句型中It作形式主語,真正的主語為
動詞不定式短語。故填to hang。
29. in 考查介詞。in a similar way意為“用類似的方式”。故填in。
30. earliest 考查形容詞的最高級。根據(jù)空前的the和語境可知,此處
表示據(jù)說最早的對聯(lián)是后蜀皇帝孟昶所寫,所以該空應(yīng)用形容詞early
的最高級。故填earliest。
31. extremely 考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾形容詞popular應(yīng)用副詞。故填
extremely。
32. has been regarded 考查動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)時間
狀語Since the Ming Dynasty可知,該空應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時,表示過去發(fā)
生的動作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在;主語to write couplets為非謂語動詞短語,且與
regard之間為被動關(guān)系,謂語動詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填has
been regarded。
33. the 考查定冠詞。the number of為固定短語,表示“……的數(shù)
量”。故填the。
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