資源簡介

Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
維度一：品句填詞
1.The old 　　　　　　（寺院） located in south of the city dates back to the Tang Dynasty.
2.He was humming a familiar 　　　　　　　?。ㄇ{） while walking in the dark street.
3.He was one of the greatest scientific and mathematical 　　　　　　（天才）.
4.During the war， more walls were put up to defend the borders of different k　　　　　　.
5.The team made an e　　　　　　 effort to fight against the disease.
維度二：詞形轉換
1.　　　　　　 （history） have agreed on this view that the custom dates back to Ming Dynasty.
2.I have to recite the lines as fluently as possible， as I will play an important part in a 　　　　　?。╮omance） story.
3.I want to start work on the garden but the house must take 　　　　　?。╬rior）.
維度三：固定搭配和句式
1.　　　　　　 （在……之前） the exams， it’s essential to establish a consistent study routine.
2.　　　　　　　　 （總而言之）， the celebrations were remarkably good-humored and peaceful.
3.How could she have been so foolish as to 　　　　　　　?。◥凵希?him？
4.The soldier 　　　　　　　?。ㄏ露Q心） defend his country against any foreign invaders.
5.　　　　　　　　 （既然） you are interested in traditional Chinese culture， I think it is worthwhile to experience this festival.
6.His dream of becoming a university teacher has 　　　　　　　?。▽崿F）.
7.The following year 　　　　　　　　　　　?。ㄋ哪赣H康復了）.
8.I thought her kind and honest 　　　　　　　　　　　　?。ㄎ业谝淮慰匆娝?
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　It was a snowy day during the spring break when I walked into a great restaurant.In this blizzard weather， it was the only restaurant that remained open.
　　The restaurant has a long history in Hong Kong.Its owners， the couple， Peter and Michelle， have been running the restaurant since 2007.
　　“Things have changed a lot in the past 30 years，” Peter said.“Chinese students 20 years ago thought that a 70-cent bowl of rice was too expensive， but now a $20 meal is acceptable.” He also said that the new generation of Chinese students engaged with other students， bringing all their non-Chinese friends to visit the restaurant.
　　Peter takes great pride in his own cooking.He was curious about how the food was made and why particular foods or sauces had specific tastes.He chose to serve mainly Guangdong and Sichuan food at the restaurant， featuring the family-style Chinese dim sum or hot pot.
　　When I asked whether he would modify the taste of the dishes to suit the taste of most Americans， Peter said， “We are not like those American-Chinese restaurants.We provide the genuine Chinese taste to our customers， and they will love it because it is delicious， and their taste will suit the taste of our dishes， not the other way around.”
　　“If I hear complaints from my customers， I will be so upset that I can’t fall asleep at night，” he said.“Luckily， most of my favorite dishes received wide acclaim from my customers and it takes more than one person’s effort.”
　　He compares himself with the craftsmen in China who are proud of preserving ancient Chinese art and whose motivation is only on people’s enjoyment of their work and thought.
　　Such a spirit of craftsmanship has been remarkable and greatly valued in the past.The craftsman’s spirit with perfection， precision， concentration， and patience remains in Peter and his cooking.
1.How long have the couple been running the restaurant？（　?。?br/>A.17 years.　　　　　　 B.20 years.
C.30 years. D.70 years.
2.Why is the restaurant different from other American-Chinese restaurants？（　　）
A.Its customers are mainly Chinese.
B.It adjusts the taste according to the customers.
C.Its menu merely contains Guangdong and Sichuan food.
D.It sticks to its original taste of the dishes.
3.What can we know about Peter from the passage？（　?。?br/>A.He believes that cooking just needs one person’s effort.
B.He takes pride in cooking the best typical Chinese cuisine.
C.He shows an interest in preserving ancient Chinese art.
D.He doesn’t care about the customers’ complaints at all.
4.In which part of the newspaper can you read the passage？（　?。?br/>A.Geography. B.Art.
C.Food. D.Literature.
B
　　If it had not been for Fan Jinshi and her team，the world cultural heritage at Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in a remote Chinese desert might have long been destroyed by sand， weather or humans.
　　Fan has spent half a century fighting an uphill battle to preserve the ancient Buddhist wall paintings at Dunhuang，in Northwest China’s Gansu Province.Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes are a huge collection of Buddhist art — more than 2，000 Buddha figures and 45，000 square metres of paintings spread among 735 caves.It is China’s first UNESCO World Heritage Site.
　　Archaeologist Fan was sent to Dunhuang after graduating from Peking University in 1963.While in Dunhuang，a remote village in the desert then，Fan lived in an abandoned temple.At first，she did not even dare to go out to the toilet at night.To protect the treasures from sand and dampness， Fan and other workers put doors on the caves，planted trees and started monitoring temperature and humidity in the caves.They also control the number of visitors.
　　In the late 1990s，with tourism booming nationwide since national holidays were extended，the local government planned to go public with Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes，but found Fan firmly in their way.“The heritage would have been destroyed if it had been listed，” she said.
　　Dunhuang Academy has now photographed and catalogued online all the sculptures and paintings.“Despite our efforts to minimize damage，we can’t completely stop them from being eroded （腐蝕）.But the digital database will last.”
　　Fan was grateful when her husband joined her in Dunhuang in 1986 after 19 years of separation.Her two sons grew up with their aunt.“I have not been a good mother or wife.With regard to my family， I’m full of guilt，” she said.Fan retired as the director of Dunhuang Academy but continues her efforts as a national political advisor.
5.Which measure didn’t Fan Jinshi and her team take to protect Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes？（　?。?br/>A.They opened Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes to the public extensively.
B.They planted trees and stopped the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes being eroded.
C.They pictured and classified all the sculptures and paintings online.
D.They put doors on the caves and monitored temperature and humidity.
6.When was Fan separated from her husband？（　?。?br/>A.In 1963.　　　　　 B.In 1967.
C.In 1986. D.In the late 1990s.
7.What is the passage mainly about？（　?。?br/>A.The history of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes.
B.The attractions of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes.
C.Fan’s devotion to preserving Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes.
D.The appeal for the protection of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes.
8.What kind of person do you think Fan is？（　?。?br/>A.Considerate and easy-going.
B.Kind and intelligent.
C.Humorous and sweet-tempered.
D.Devoted and persistent.
C
　　As a type of dwelling （住宅） in China， cave dwellings （yaodong in Chinese） still can be found in many places of China.According to official statistics， there are still 40 million people living in such dwellings in China.
　　As early as the New Stone Age， using a wooden framework， grass and soil， families living in the middle reaches of the Yellow River built simple shallow caves in natural earth holes in the mountains.Over 4，000 years ago， the real caves started to be constructed， which could be related to the natural surroundings.In the areas that were popular with such dwellings， there was very thick loess （黃土）.People made full use of the loess layers to create the original cave dwellings.
　　A cave is usually 6－8 meters long， around 3 meters wide and around 3 meters high.From the outside， it comes in the shape of an arc （拱形）， which presents the ancient opinion of “Heaven is round and Ground is square”.Furniture in these caves is very simple， such as a wooden table， wooden chairs and an earth sleeping platform （kang in Chinese）.
　　The most important and unique characteristic of a cave dwelling is that the inside of it is cool in summer and warm in winter.The natural architectural features protect the cave dwellers from being affected by the changes of the environment or weather.Besides， its creation does not damage the environment or occupy farmland.Another feature is that you will feel quite quiet inside.
　　In Yan’an in northern Shaanxi， a family usually has 3 to 5 caves.The middle one is the chief house， in which the grandparents or parents live.At the bottom right of each dwelling， people usually leave a small pass for their pets， such as cats or dogs， to go through.When constructing the gate for the whole yard， there is a traditional taboo that none of the caves should be in line with the gate.Otherwise， bad luck may fall upon this family.
9.What can we know about cave dwellings？（　　）
A.They were built using wood， grass， and bamboo.
B.They are a very popular kind of house in the world.
C.They have been around for about 2，000 years.
D.They are usually found in areas with thick loess.
10.Which of the following best describes a cave？（　?。?br/>A.Arc-shaped. B.Square-shaped.
C.Round-shaped. D.Rectangular-shaped.
11.What is the most unique feature of a cave dwelling？（　　）
A.It is quiet inside.
B.It does not occupy farmland.
C.It is environmentally friendly.
D.It is warm in winter and cool in summer.
12.What is the main purpose of the text？（　?。?br/>A.To describe the process of building traditional cave dwellings.
B.To introduce the unique architecture of cave dwellings to readers.
C.To discuss the historical and cultural significance of cave dwellings.
D.To explore the living conditions and lifestyles of people in cave dwellings.
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　Can knots be a form of art？ 13.（　?。?A Chinese knot is a knot that is tied and woven from a single length of rope to be a variety of shapes and varying complexity.Knot weavers can use a variety of colors， but they usually weave deep red ones.14.（　?。?
　　History of Chinese knots
　　People may have originally made them to record information and convey messages before people started to write.One-hundred-thousand-year-old tools that were probably used to tie and untie knots have been discovered， and there is a reference to knots in ancient literature.15.（　?。?It is known that they were used to symbolize and express thoughts and feelings in the Tang Dynasty.
　　Ancient and modern use of artistic knots
　　Even today， Chinese knots are rich in symbolic meaning.16.（　?。?For example， in ancient times and even now， lovers may give a knot as a sign of their love.The “true love knot” and the “double happiness knot” are given or used at weddings to express common love and growing old together in reality.Knots represent love and marriage in Chinese culture.So a knot given to a marriage partner or a couple means all these things and having children as well.
　　17.（　?。?br/>　　Along with being symbolic gifts or messages， knots are still used if they wear traditional Chinese clothing or as good luck charms （護身符）.They are a means of fastening traditional garment instead of clothes buttons.Now， silk is most widely used to make these clothing knots.They are used as jewelry such as even rings， earrings and necklaces.They are sold as handicraft novelty items too.
A.It is truly in China
B.Knots are symbols of China
C.Modern usage of artistic knots
D.Knots can be seen in ancient China
E.The color red signifies good fortune
F.They therefore hold emotional value when given as gifts
G.But it isn’t known when they first started to be used symbolically
Ⅲ.應用文寫作
　　假定你是李華，你看到莫高窟受到了自然和人為的破壞，為此感到心痛。因此，請你給當地政府寫封郵件，希望能夠采取措施保護這寶貴的文化遺產，內容包括：
　　1.莫高窟現狀：受到破壞；
　　2.保護文化遺產的重要性；
　　3.你的建議。
注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；
2.請按如下格式作答。
Dear Sir or Madam，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
基礎知識自測
維度一
1.temple　2.tune　3.geniuses　4.kingdoms　5.enormous
維度二
1.Historians　2.romantic　3.priority
維度三
1.Prior to
2.On the whole
3.fall in love with
4.was determined to
5.Now that
6.come true
7.saw the recovery of his mother
8.the first time I saw her
素養能力提升
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。文章通過講述香港Peter和Michelle夫婦開的餐館，高度贊揚了Peter堅持原汁原味地做好中國傳統食品的工匠精神。
1.A　細節理解題。根據第二段第二句可知，自從2007年至今（2024年）已有17年之久。
2.D　細節理解題。根據第五段中的We are not like those ...not the other way around.可知，這家餐廳堅持中國菜肴的原汁原味。
3.B　推理判斷題。根據第四段第一句以及倒數第二段內容可推知，Peter以做最好的典型的中國菜而自豪。
4.C　文章出處題。通讀全文尤其是文章末句可知，本文主要講述了香港Peter和Michelle夫婦開的餐館，并贊揚了Peter堅持原汁原味地做好中國傳統食品的工匠精神。由此推斷，本文應來自食品專欄。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了樊錦詩守護敦煌莫高窟的故事。
5.A　細節理解題。根據第三段最后兩句可知，為了保護這些珍寶不被沙子和潮氣侵蝕，樊錦詩和其他工作人員在洞穴上安了門，種了樹，并開始監測洞穴內的溫度和濕度。他們還控制著游客的數量。根據第五段第一句可知，敦煌畫院現在已經在網上為所有的雕塑和繪畫拍照并編目。
6.B　細節理解題。根據最后一段第一句可知，1986年，在19年的分離之后，她的丈夫來到敦煌，樊對此很感激。由此可知，她與丈夫是在1967年分開的。
7.C　主旨大意題。根據第一段內容可知，如果沒有樊錦詩和她的團隊，地處中國偏遠沙漠的敦煌莫高窟可能早就被沙子、天氣或人類破壞了。本文主要是關于樊錦詩致力于保護敦煌莫高窟的。
8.D　推理判斷題。根據樊錦詩放棄照顧家庭、守護敦煌莫高窟的事跡可判斷，樊錦詩具有奉獻和堅持不懈的精神。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了窯洞這一傳統的中國民居。
9.D　細節理解題。根據第二段最后兩句可知，窯洞通常出現在黃土較厚的地區。
10.A　細節理解題。根據第三段第二句“From the outside ...and Ground is square’.”可知，窯洞通常是拱形的。
11.D　細節理解題。根據第四段第一句可知，窯洞最獨特的特點是冬暖夏涼。
12.B　寫作意圖題。通讀全文內容可知，本文主要介紹了窯洞這一傳統的中國民居，目的是介紹其獨特的窯洞建筑。
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國結這門藝術，包括其歷史以及在古代和現在的用法等。
13.A　空前問句提出結能否作為藝術的問題，空后一句介紹中國結的概念。A項（在中國確實如此）說明結在中國的確是一門藝術，回答空前的問題，并引出下文的概念，其中的China和空后句的Chinese相呼應。
14.E　空前一句介紹結常常是深紅色的。E項（紅色象征著好運）說明紅色的寓意，解釋用紅色的原因，承接上文，其中的red在上文有同詞復現。
15.G　空前一句介紹已知的有關結的考古發現文獻記載，空后一句介紹已知的結在唐代的象征性用法。G項指出其首次象征性用法的時間是未知的，和上文構成轉折，并引出下文，其中的they指代上文的knots，symbolically與下文的symbolize相呼應。
16.F　空前一句說明中國結具有豐富的象征意義，空后的舉例說明戀人之間的結的象征意義。F項介紹中國結作為禮物時的情感價值，承接上文。
17.C　根據本段首句可知，本段主要介紹結在現在的用處。C項（藝術結的現代用法）符合語境。
Ⅲ.
Dear Sir or Madam，
Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes are suffering damage due to natural forces such as frequent sandstorms.What’s worse，some tourists even carve their names on the walls， making me heartbroken.
I hope the authorities can take measures to protect Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes.For one thing，cultural heritage，which is the witness to the historical development，is an important basis for historical research.For another， it is likely to provide a source of tourism income， if maintained well.
I would appreciate it if my suggestions were accepted.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
5 / 5Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
READING CHINA
The world of Chinese literature is one that is familiar to① us all.But have you ever stopped to wonder what works are read outside of China and how they are received？ Today， four Sinologists② and translators③share their experience of Chinese literature with us.They are：
Petko， aged 43 from Bulgaria
Annelous， aged 34 from the Netherlands
Joachim， aged 25 from France
Mai， aged 28 from Egypt
Q1：How did you get interested in Chinese literature？
Petko：[1] It all started with a movie I watched when I was a boy — The Shaolin Temple. That movie gave me so many reasons to fall in love with④ China.I was amazed by⑤ Chinese kung fu， of course — everyone loves kung fu， don’t they？ I also thought the Chinese language sounded so beautiful， and I found that I liked Chinese music， too — I just loved the movie’s theme tune⑥， Song of the Shepherd.
Annelous： I became interested in languages at a young age.When I started high school， I began reading books about Chinese history and culture， and this inspired⑦ me to choose Chinese Studies as my academic major⑧ at university.
Joachim： When I was 15 years old， my mother bought me a copy of the classic Shi Ji， or Records of the Grand Historian.Prior to⑨ that， the only great historical works I had been exposed to⑩ were Homer’s epic poems.Records of the Grand Historian was my first encounter with Chinese classical literature.After reading it， I realised the true genius of China’s “Grand Historian”， Sima Qian.His writing had a profound effect on me， and I have this to thank for my passion for Chinese literature.
Mai： I gradually fell in love with Chinese literature when I started working as a translator.Most of the translated works of literature in Egypt are from the English-speaking world， so reading Chinese literature was a stimulating and inspiring experience.
　　[1]本句為復合句，I watched為省略了that或which的定語從句，修飾先行詞movie； when I was a boy 為時間狀語從句。
Q2： How do you select works to translate？
Petko： I particularly like classical Chinese literature， especially works from the Ming and Qing dynasties.[2] I fell in love with Dream of the Red Chamber the first time I read it， and was determined to translate it into Bulgarian.[3] Now that this dream has come true， my next goal is to translate The Romance of the Three Kingdoms.
Annelous： [4]In the Netherlands， the decision as to which works of Chinese literature get translated is largely influenced by the opinions of respected Sinologists. In addition， publishing houses tend to look to other countries to see which Chinese works have sold well there.I’ve so far translated the writings of several young Chinese authors， and I’m looking forward to their new works.
Joachim： I just go with what I like and what I am interested in.I’ve translated some poems by Dai Wangshu.Right now， I’m doing research into popular literature in Shanghai at the start of the 20th century.
Mai： I don’t care if a writer is popular or not.What interests me most is the work itself.I’ve translated some works by authors such as Xi Murong and Bi Shumin.I also keep a close eye on what’s being self-published online by new， young authors — they have some good ideas.
　　[2]本句為復合句，the first time 引導時間狀語從句，意為“第一次……”。
[3]本句為復合句，Now that 引導原因狀語從句，意為“由于，因為，既然”。
[4]本句為復合句，which works of Chinese literature get translated為which引導的名詞性從句，作as to 的賓語。
Q3：Which works by Chinese writers are popular in your country？
Petko： Thirty-six Stratagems has sold more than 1，000 copies in Bulgaria.[5] When you consider that here the best a writer can usually hope for is to sell a few hundred copies of their work， Thirty-six Stratagems is a best-seller in Bulgaria！
Annelous： [6]Each year sees more works by Chinese writers published in the Netherlands， and they are well-received.The people that buy and read these books do so because they want to learn more about Chinese culture and everyday life in China.On the whole ， I do have to admit that here， people’s knowledge of Chinese literature is rather limited .
Joachim： Many works by modern writers such as Lu Xun and Shen Congwen have been translated into French.And the novels of some contemporary writers also sell quite well in France.Literature has a lot of significance to the French， and Chinese literary works tend to be highly thought of .
Mai： Egyptians like literature that reflects human nature and experience.A couple of good examples of this are “Fond Memories of Autumn” by Shi Tiesheng and “Street Scene” by Zhou Guoping.I think Egypt and China are closely connected and both have a lot in common .Because of this， Chinese literary works really strike a chord in the hearts of Egyptian readers.
　　[5]本句為復合句，When引導時間狀語從句；that 引導賓語從句；a writer can usually hope for為省略了that的定語從句，修飾先行詞best； to sell a few hundred copies of their work為動詞不定式短語作表語。
[6]本句為簡單句，主語為Each year，為無生命名詞作主語。
【讀文清障】
①be familiar to
為……所熟悉
②Sinologist n.漢學家
③translator n.翻譯，譯員
translate v.翻譯
translation n.翻譯
④fall in love with 愛上
⑤be amazed by
對……感到驚訝
⑥tune n.曲調，旋律
theme tune 主題曲
⑦inspire v.激勵，鼓舞；賦予靈感
inspiration n.靈感
inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的；激勵的；啟發靈感的
⑧academic major
學術專業
⑨prior adj.先前的；較早的
prior to 在……之前，先于……
⑩be exposed to 接觸；暴露于；面臨
encounter n.相遇，邂逅
genius n.天才，天賦
have a profound effect on ...對……有深遠的影響
passion n.熱情；激情
stimulating adj.激勵人心的； 趣味盎然的
stimulate v.促進；激發；激勵
particularly adv.尤其，特別
be determined to do ...
決定做……
translate ...into ...
把……翻譯成……
respected adj.受人尊敬的
respect n.& v.尊敬
respectable adj.
可敬的
look forward to期待；盼望
go with 伴隨；與……相伴而生
keep a close eye on
密切關注；仔細觀察
best-seller n.暢銷品；暢銷書
publish v.出版
publisher n.出版人（或機構）
publishment n.出版，發行
on the whole 大體上說；總的來說
limited adj.有限的
significance n.意義，重要性
significant adj.重要的
be highly thought of 被高度贊揚
reflect v.反映
be closely connected 聯系密切
have ...in common 有相同之處
strike a chord 引起共鳴；打動心弦
【參考譯文】
解讀中國
我們都對中國文學再熟悉不過了?？赡阌袥]有想過，在中國以外的地方，人們都讀過哪些中國文學作品？這些作品受到怎樣的評價？今天，四位漢學家、譯者將給我們分享他們有關中國文學的經歷。他們是：
佩特科，43歲，來自保加利亞
安妮魯斯，34歲，來自荷蘭
若阿基姆，25歲，來自法國
馬伊，28歲，來自埃及
問題1：你是怎么對中國文學產生興趣的？
佩特科：一切都要從我小時候看的一部叫《少林寺》的電影說起。那部電影給了我很多讓我愛上中國的理由。我當然為中國功夫所嘆服——人人都喜歡功夫，不是嗎？我還覺得中文聽起來那么美，我發現我也喜歡中國的音樂——我特別喜歡這部電影的主題曲《牧羊曲》。
安妮魯斯：我從小就對語言感興趣。上高中的時候，我開始讀中國歷史和文化方面的書，這啟發我在大學選擇了漢學專業。
　　若阿基姆：我15歲的時候，媽媽給我買了一本經典名著《史記》。在此之前，我唯一接觸過的歷史巨作是《荷馬史詩》?！妒酚洝肥俏医佑|的第一部中國的經典文學作品。通過閱讀《史記》，我領略了中國“太史公”司馬遷的才華。他的文章對我影響很大，激發了我對中國文學的熱情。
馬伊：我開始從事翻譯工作后，漸漸對中國文學產生了興趣。埃及大多數文學譯作來自英語國家，所以讀中國文學作品使人興奮，也鼓舞人心。
問題2：你是如何選擇作品來翻譯的？
　　佩特科：我特別喜歡中國古典文學，尤其是明清時期的作品。我第一次讀《紅樓夢》時就喜歡上了它，并決心把它譯成保加利亞語。現在這個夢想已經實現了，我的下一個目標就是翻譯《三國演義》。
　　安妮魯斯：在荷蘭，聲望高的漢學家的意見很大程度上影響翻譯作品的選擇。此外，出版社往往會參考其他國家哪些中國作品暢銷。到目前為止，我已經翻譯了幾位中國年輕作家的作品，而且我期待著他們的新作品。
若阿基姆：我只是隨著喜好和興趣走。我翻譯了戴望舒的一些詩?，F在，我正在研究20世紀初上海的流行文學。
　　馬伊：我不在乎一個作家是否受歡迎。我最感興趣的是作品本身。我翻譯過席慕蓉和畢淑敏等作家的作品。我還密切關注新的年輕作者自己在網上發表的作品——他們有一些不錯的想法。
問題3：中國哪些作家的作品在貴國較受歡迎？
佩特科：《三十六計》在保加利亞賣出了一千多本。在保加利亞，作者通常最期待的是自己的作品賣幾百本，《三十六計》在保加利亞是暢銷書！
安妮魯斯：每年都有更多中國作家的作品在荷蘭出版，它們很受歡迎。購買和閱讀這些書籍的人想要更多地了解中國文化和日常生活?？偟膩碚f，我不得不承認，在荷蘭，人們對中國文學的了解相當有限。
若阿基姆：像魯迅、沈從文等現代作家的許多作品已被翻譯成了法語。而且一些當代作家的小說在法國也賣得很好。文學對法國人來說意義重大，中國的文學作品往往獲得很高評價。
馬伊：埃及人喜歡反映人性和人生經歷的文學。其中，史鐵生的《秋天的懷念》和周國平的《街頭即景》就是很好的例子。我認為埃及和中國聯系緊密，有許多共同之處。正因為如此，中國文學作品才真正引起了埃及讀者的共鳴。
第一步：析架構理清脈絡
Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks.
第二步：知細節明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.What factors in the film The Shaolin Temple made Petko like Chinese literature？（　　）
A.Chinese kung fu. B.The Chinese language.
C.Chinese music. D.All the above.
2.Which of the following statements is NOT true about Annelous？ （　?。?br/>A.He has translated the writings of several young Chinese authors.
B.He thinks the Dutch know very little about Chinese literature.
C.A trip to China inspired him to learn Chinese.
D.He took Chinese as his academic major at university.
3.What does “this” mean in the sentence “...I have this to thank for my passion for Chinese literature.”？（　?。?br/>A.Sima Qian’s Shi Ji.
B.Homer’s epic poems.
C.Sima Qian’s personality.
D.Sima Qian’s writing style.
4.What do we know from the description of Mai？（　　）
A.Most of the translated works of literature in Egypt are from Arabic-speaking world.
B.Egyptians like literature reflecting human nature and experience.
C.Egypt and China have little in common because they are so far apart.
D.Egyptian literature strikes a chord in the hearts of Chinese readers.
第三步：析難句表達升級
1.When I started high school， I began reading books about Chinese history and culture， and this inspired me to choose Chinese Studies as my academic major at university.
句式分析 句中When引導　　　　　　從句；主句中reading books about Chinese history and culture為動詞-ing形式作began的　　　　，to choose Chinese Studies as my academic major at university為動詞不定式短語作　　　　　　。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　
2.The people that buy and read these books do so because they want to learn more about Chinese culture and everyday life in China.
句式分析 句中that引導　　　　從句，because引導　　　　　　從句。
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　
Part Ⅰ　核心詞匯集釋
tune n.曲調，旋律 v.為……調音；調試
【教材原句】　I just loved the movie’s theme tune， Song of the Shepherd.
我特別喜歡這部電影的主題曲《牧羊曲》。
【用法】
（1）in tune （with ...）　　　　　?。ㄅc……）合拍；（與……）一致 out of tune （with ...） （與……）不合拍；（與……）不一致 （2）tune in 收看；收聽 tune up 給（樂器）調音，定調 （3）in good tune 音調準確；協調，融合
【佳句】　I don’t know the title but I recognize the tune.
我不知道曲名，但聽得出曲調。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Biologists have been puzzled for years about why flowers suddenly burst out everywhere on the same day， as if they were 　　　　　　tune with one another.
②Don’t forget to tune 　　　　　　to the live broadcast of the school’s talent show tonight at 7 pm.
【寫美】　補全句子
③Music 　　　　　　　　　　is unbearable for ears.
走調的音樂讓人無法聽下去。
prior adj.先前的；較早的
【教材原句】　Prior to that， the only great historical works I had been exposed to were Homer’s epic poems.
在此之前，我唯一接觸過的歷史巨作是《荷馬史詩》。
【用法】
（1）prior to 　　　　在……之前，先于…… （2）priority n. 優先（權）；優先考慮的事 give priority to 優先考慮，給予……優先權 have/take priority over 較……享有優先權 （3）senior to 比……年長的 junior to 比……年輕的 inferior to 比……差的 superior to 比……好的
【佳句】　It is a must for lecturers to polish what they will present prior to the presentation.
對演講者來說，在演講前潤色他要講的內容是必須的。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Finishing the assignments takes 　　　　?。╬rior） over discussing extracurricular topics.
②These organizations give priority 　　　　　　　　　those employees who can speak English fluently and write a standard form of English.
③They had to refuse the dinner invitation because of 　　　　prior engagement.
【寫美】　補全句子
④All the arrangements should be made 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
在你離開之前一切都要做好安排。
⑤　　　　　　　　　　 to find somewhere to live.
我首先要考慮的事是找個地方住。
be exposed to 接觸；暴露于；面臨；暴露在
【教材原句】　Prior to that， the only great historical works I had been exposed to were Homer’s epic poems.在此之前，我唯一接觸過的歷史巨作是《荷馬史詩》。
【用法】
（1）expose v.　　　暴露 expose sb/sth （to sth） 使某人/某物面臨，使遭受（危險或不快） （2）exposed adj. 無遮蔽的；暴露的 （3）exposure n. 面臨，遭受（危險或不快）；揭露 exposure to 接觸……
【佳句】　The more one is exposed to the English-speaking environment， the better he or she will learn the language.
一個人接觸說英語的環境越多，他或她學習這門語言就會越好。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①It is claimed that more 　　　　　　（expose） to direct sunlight could help your body produce Vitamin D.
②You shouldn’t expose the soldiers 　　　　unnecessary risks.
③　　　　　　 （expose） to so many advertisements， we can’t help being persuaded into buying it.
【寫美】　補全句子
④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 direct sunlight too much can easily get you sunburnt.
過度暴露在陽光直射下很容易被曬傷。
keep an eye on留意；注意；照看
【教材原句】　I also keep a close eye on what’s being self-published online by new，young authors — they have some good ideas.
我還密切關注新的年輕作者自己在網上發表的作品——他們有一些不錯的想法。
【用法】
catch one’s eye 　　　引起某人的注意 in the eyes of sb/in one’s eyes 在某人看來 have an eye for 能欣賞……；對……有眼光 對……視而不見 look sb in the eye（s） 直視/正視某人
【佳句】　I have to keep an eye on my son when he is playing at the park because he tends to wander off.當我的兒子在公園玩的時候，我不得不看著他，因為他經常走失。
【點津】　keep an eye on可以用在很多不同的場景中，比如護送或監護子女、寵物、家庭財產，以及監護家庭成員和工作人員，以確保他們正確地完成任務。在很多情況下，利用keep an eye on這個習語可以很好地防止事情發展到極端。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①To our surprise，the headmaster turned a blind eye 　　　　　　the bad behaviour of his pupils.
②My mother has an eye 　　　　　　bargains and she is good at bargaining over the price.
【寫美】　補全句子
③Campers， 　　　　　　　　， are people who enjoy insect bites， ill-cooked meals， and uncomfortable sleeping bags.
在我看來，露營者是一群喜歡被蟲咬、吃糟糕的飯菜和睡不舒服的睡袋的人。
④We’ve asked the neighbours to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　for us while we are away.
我們請鄰居在我們不在的時候，幫我們照看一下房子。
Part Ⅱ　重點句型解構
句型公式：the first time引導時間狀語從句
【教材原句】　I fell in love with Dream of the Red Chamber the first time I read it， and was determined to translate it into Bulgarian.
我第一次讀《紅樓夢》時就喜歡上了它，并決心把它譯成保加利亞語。
【用法】
（1）the first time意為“第一次”，在句中起連詞的作用，引導時間狀語從句。 （2）any time， each time， last time， next time之類的短語都可用作連詞，用以引導狀語從句。
【品悟】　The first time I came here， I got caught in the extremely bad weather.
我第一次來到這里就遇到了極度惡劣的天氣。
【點津】　the first time 用作連詞，引導狀語從句。for the first time 為介詞短語，意為“初次，第一次”，在句中作狀語。
【寫美】　微寫作
①我第一次見到她時就覺得她很好，很誠實。（心理描寫）
I thought her nice and honest 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
②這么多年來，我第一次真正專注于我的學業。（日?；顒樱?br/>　　　　　　　　　　　　 in years， I was really concentrating on my school work.
③每次見到他，我都感到心里一陣刺痛。（情感描寫）
I felt a stab of pain in my heart 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
句型公式：無生命名詞作主語
【教材原句】　Each year sees more works by Chinese writers published in the Netherlands， and they are well-received.
每年都有更多中國作家的作品在荷蘭出版，它們很受歡迎。
【用法】
無生命名詞作主語，是一種擬人的手法，用來增添語言色彩，可分為以下幾類： （1）以時間、地點等名詞作主語，常用see， find， witness等動詞作句子的謂語，表示發生某情況，經歷或經受了某事。 （2）表示生理、心理狀態的名詞或表示某種遭遇的名詞（如word， anger， faith， melancholy， idea， courage， desire等）作主語，用visit， fail， desert， escape， seize等動詞作句子的謂語。 （3）具有行為和動作意義的名詞作主語，常用使役動詞（如remind， make， let等）作句子的謂語。
【寫美】　微寫作
①19世紀后半葉見證了旅行工具的穩步改進。
The last half of the nineteenth century 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　in the means of travel.
②黃昏時，這對老夫婦吃完晚飯一起遛狗。
Dusk 　　　　　　　　　　　　walking their dog together after supper.
③有幾次我幾乎要和他說話，但后來我失去了勇氣。（動作描寫）
Several times I almost brought myself to the point of speaking to him， but 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
【文本透析·剖語篇】
第一步
1.amazed　2.history and culture　3.genius　4.inspiring　
5.classical　6.respected　7.work　8.best-seller　
9.everyday　10.experience
第二步
1－4　DCAB
第三步
1.時間狀語　賓語　賓語補足語　上高中的時候， 我開始讀中國歷史和文化方面的書，這啟發我在大學選擇了漢學專業。
2.定語　原因狀語　購買和閱讀這些書籍的人想要更多地了解中國文化和日常生活。
【核心知識·巧突破】
核心詞匯集釋
1.①in　②in?、踥ut of tune
2.①priority?、趖o　③a?、躳rior to your departure　
⑤My first priority is
3.①exposure　②to?、跡xposed?、蹷eing exposed to
4.①to?、趂or?、踚n the eyes of me/in my eyes　
④keep an eye on the house
重點句型解構
1.①the first time I saw her?、贔or the first time　
③each time I saw him
2.①witnessed the steady improvement?、趕aw the old couple
③my courage failed me
10 / 10(共107張PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
1
篇章助解·釋疑難
目 錄
2
文本透析·剖語篇
4
課時檢測·提能力
3
核心知識·巧突破
篇章助解·釋疑難
力推課前預習
1
READING CHINA
　　The world of Chinese literature is one that is familiar to① us all.But
have you ever stopped to wonder what works are read outside of China and
how they are received？ Today， four Sinologists② and translators③share
their experience of Chinese literature with us.They are：
　　Petko， aged 43 from Bulgaria
　　Annelous， aged 34 from the Netherlands
　　Joachim， aged 25 from France
　　Mai， aged 28 from Egypt
　　Q1：How did you get interested in Chinese literature？
　　Petko：[1] It all started with a movie I watched when I was a boy —
The Shaolin Temple. That movie gave me so many reasons to fall in love
with④ China.I was amazed by⑤ Chinese kung fu， of course — everyone
loves kung fu， don’t they？ I also thought the Chinese language
sounded so beautiful， and I found that I liked Chinese music， too — I
just loved the movie’s theme tune⑥， Song of the Shepherd.
　　Annelous： I became interested in languages at a young age.When I
started high school， I began reading books about Chinese history and
culture， and this inspired⑦ me to choose Chinese Studies as my academic
major⑧ at university.
　　Joachim： When I was 15 years old， my mother bought me a copy
of the classic Shi Ji， or Records of the Grand Historian.Prior to⑨ that，
the only great historical works I had been exposed to⑩ were Homer’s epic
poems.Records of the Grand Historian was my first encounter with
Chinese classical literature.After reading it， I realised the true genius of
China’s “Grand Historian”， Sima Qian.His writing had a profound
effect on me， and I have this to thank for my passion for Chinese
literature.
　　Mai： I gradually fell in love with Chinese literature when I started
working as a translator.Most of the translated works of literature in Egypt
are from the English-speaking world， so reading Chinese literature was a
stimulating and inspiring experience.
　　[1]本句為復合句，I watched為省略了that或which的定語從句，
修飾先行詞movie； when I was a boy 為時間狀語從句。
【讀文清障】
①be familiar to
為……所熟悉
②Sinologist n.漢學家
③translator n.翻譯，譯員
translate v.翻譯
translation n.翻譯
④fall in love with 愛上
⑤be amazed by
對……感到驚訝
⑥tune n.曲調，旋律
theme tune 主題曲
⑦inspire v.激勵，鼓舞；賦予靈感
inspiration n.靈感
inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的；激勵的；啟發靈感的
⑧academic major
學術專業
⑨prior adj.先前的；較早的
prior to 在……之前，先于……
⑩be exposed to 接觸；暴露于；面臨
encounter n.相遇，邂逅
genius n.天才，天賦
have a profound effect on ...對……有深遠的影響
passion n.熱情；激情
stimulating adj.激勵人心的； 趣味盎然的
stimulate v.促進；激發；激勵
　　Petko： I particularly like classical Chinese literature， especially
works from the Ming and Qing dynasties.[2] I fell in love with Dream of
the Red Chamber the first time I read it， and was determined to
translate it into Bulgarian.[3] Now that this dream has come true， my
next goal is to translate The Romance of the Three Kingdoms.
　　Q2： How do you select works to translate？
　　Annelous： [4]In the Netherlands， the decision as to which works
of Chinese literature get translated is largely influenced by the opinions of
respected Sinologists. In addition， publishing houses tend to look to
other countries to see which Chinese works have sold well there.I’ve so
far translated the writings of several young Chinese authors， and I’m
looking forward to their new works.
　　Joachim： I just go with what I like and what I am interested
in.I’ve translated some poems by Dai Wangshu.Right now， I’m doing
research into popular literature in Shanghai at the start of the 20th century.
　　Mai： I don’t care if a writer is popular or not.What interests me
most is the work itself.I’ve translated some works by authors such as Xi
Murong and Bi Shumin.I also keep a close eye on what’s being self-
published online by new， young authors — they have some good ideas.
　　[2]本句為復合句，the first time 引導時間狀語從句，意為“第一
次……”。
　　[3]本句為復合句，Now that 引導原因狀語從句，意為“由于，
因為，既然”。
　　[4]本句為復合句，which works of Chinese literature get translated
為which引導的名詞性從句，作as to 的賓語。
particularly adv.尤其，特別
be determined to do ...決定做……
translate ...into ...把……翻譯成……
respected adj.受人尊敬的
respect n.& v.尊敬
respectable adj.可敬的
look forward to期待；盼望
go with 伴隨；與……相伴而生
keep a close eye on 密切關注；仔細觀察
　　Petko： Thirty-six Stratagems has sold more than 1，000 copies in
Bulgaria.[5] When you consider that here the best a writer can usually
hope for is to sell a few hundred copies of their work， Thirty-six
Stratagems is a best-seller in Bulgaria！
　　Q3：Which works by Chinese writers are popular in your country？
　　Annelous： [6]Each year sees more works by Chinese writers
published in the Netherlands， and they are well-received.The people
that buy and read these books do so because they want to learn more about
Chinese culture and everyday life in China.On the whole ， I do have to
admit that here， people’s knowledge of Chinese literature is rather
limited .
　　Joachim： Many works by modern writers such as Lu Xun and Shen
Congwen have been translated into French.And the novels of some
contemporary writers also sell quite well in France.Literature has a lot of
significance to the French， and Chinese literary works tend to be highly
thought of .
　　Mai： Egyptians like literature that reflects human nature and
experience.A couple of good examples of this are “Fond Memories of
Autumn” by Shi Tiesheng and “Street Scene” by Zhou Guoping.I
think Egypt and China are closely connected and both have a lot in
common .Because of this， Chinese literary works really strike a chord
in the hearts of Egyptian readers.
　　[5]本句為復合句，When引導時間狀語從句；that 引導賓語
從句；a writer can usually hope for為省略了that的定語從句，修
飾先行詞best； to sell a few hundred copies of their work為動詞
不定式短語作表語。
　　[6]本句為簡單句，主語為Each year，為無生命名詞作主
語。
best-seller n.暢銷品；暢銷書
publish v.出版
publisher n.出版人（或機構）
publishment n.出版，發行
on the whole 大體上說；總的來說
limited adj.有限的
significance n.意義，重要性
significant adj.重要的
be highly thought of 被高度贊揚
reflect v.反映
be closely connected 聯系密切
have ...in common 有相同之處
strike a chord 引起共鳴；打動心弦
【參考譯文】
解讀中國
　　我們都對中國文學再熟悉不過了?？赡阌袥]有想過，在中國以外
的地方，人們都讀過哪些中國文學作品？這些作品受到怎樣的評價？
今天，四位漢學家、譯者將給我們分享他們有關中國文學的經歷。他
們是：
　　佩特科，43歲，來自保加利亞
　　安妮魯斯，34歲，來自荷蘭
　　若阿基姆，25歲，來自法國
　　馬伊，28歲，來自埃及
　　問題1：你是怎么對中國文學產生興趣的？
　　佩特科：一切都要從我小時候看的一部叫《少林寺》的電影說
起。那部電影給了我很多讓我愛上中國的理由。我當然為中國功夫所
嘆服——人人都喜歡功夫，不是嗎？我還覺得中文聽起來那么美，我
發現我也喜歡中國的音樂——我特別喜歡這部電影的主題曲《牧羊
曲》。
　　安妮魯斯：我從小就對語言感興趣。上高中的時候，我開始讀中
國歷史和文化方面的書，這啟發我在大學選擇了漢學專業。
　　若阿基姆：我15歲的時候，媽媽給我買了一本經典名著《史
記》。在此之前，我唯一接觸過的歷史巨作是《荷馬史詩》。《史
記》是我接觸的第一部中國的經典文學作品。通過閱讀《史記》，我
領略了中國“太史公”司馬遷的才華。他的文章對我影響很大，激發
了我對中國文學的熱情。
　　馬伊：我開始從事翻譯工作后，漸漸對中國文學產生了興趣。埃
及大多數文學譯作來自英語國家，所以讀中國文學作品使人興奮，也
鼓舞人心。
　　問題2：你是如何選擇作品來翻譯的？
　　佩特科：我特別喜歡中國古典文學，尤其是明清時期的作品。我
第一次讀《紅樓夢》時就喜歡上了它，并決心把它譯成保加利亞語。
現在這個夢想已經實現了，我的下一個目標就是翻譯《三國演義》。
　　安妮魯斯：在荷蘭，聲望高的漢學家的意見很大程度上影響翻譯
作品的選擇。此外，出版社往往會參考其他國家哪些中國作品暢銷。
到目前為止，我已經翻譯了幾位中國年輕作家的作品，而且我期待著
他們的新作品。
　　若阿基姆：我只是隨著喜好和興趣走。我翻譯了戴望舒的一些
詩?，F在，我正在研究20世紀初上海的流行文學。
　　馬伊：我不在乎一個作家是否受歡迎。我最感興趣的是作品本
身。我翻譯過席慕蓉和畢淑敏等作家的作品。我還密切關注新的年輕
作者自己在網上發表的作品——他們有一些不錯的想法。
　　問題3：中國哪些作家的作品在貴國較受歡迎？
　　佩特科：《三十六計》在保加利亞賣出了一千多本。在保加利
亞，作者通常最期待的是自己的作品賣幾百本，《三十六計》在保加
利亞是暢銷書！
　　安妮魯斯：每年都有更多中國作家的作品在荷蘭出版，它們很受
歡迎。購買和閱讀這些書籍的人想要更多地了解中國文化和日常生
活?？偟膩碚f，我不得不承認，在荷蘭，人們對中國文學的了解相當
有限。
　　若阿基姆：像魯迅、沈從文等現代作家的許多作品已被翻譯成了
法語。而且一些當代作家的小說在法國也賣得很好。文學對法國人來
說意義重大，中國的文學作品往往獲得很高評價。
　　馬伊：埃及人喜歡反映人性和人生經歷的文學。其中，史鐵生的
《秋天的懷念》和周國平的《街頭即景》就是很好的例子。我認為埃
及和中國聯系緊密，有許多共同之處。正因為如此，中國文學作品才
真正引起了埃及讀者的共鳴。
文本透析·剖語篇
助力語篇理解
2
第一步：析架構理清脈絡
Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks.
第二步：知細節明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1. What factors in the film The Shaolin Temple made Petko like Chinese
literature？（　?。?br/>A. Chinese kung fu. B. The Chinese language.
C. Chinese music. D. All the above.
2. Which of the following statements is NOT true about Annelous？
（　?。?br/>A. He has translated the writings of several young Chinese authors.
B. He thinks the Dutch know very little about Chinese literature.
C. A trip to China inspired him to learn Chinese.
D. He took Chinese as his academic major at university.
3. What does “this” mean in the sentence “...I have this to thank for
my passion for Chinese literature.”？（　　）
A. Sima Qian’s Shi Ji.
B. Homer’s epic poems.
C. Sima Qian’s personality.
D. Sima Qian’s writing style.
4. What do we know from the description of Mai？（　?。?br/>A. Most of the translated works of literature in Egypt are from Arabic-
speaking world.
B. Egyptians like literature reflecting human nature and experience.
C. Egypt and China have little in common because they are so far apart.
D. Egyptian literature strikes a chord in the hearts of Chinese readers.
第三步：析難句表達升級
1. When I started high school， I began reading books about Chinese
history and culture， and this inspired me to choose Chinese Studies as
my academic major at university.
句式分析 句中When引導 從句；主句中reading books
about Chinese history and culture為動詞-ing形式作began的
，to choose Chinese Studies as my academic major at university為
動詞不定式短語作 。
自主翻譯

時間狀語　
賓
語　
賓語補足語　
上高中的時候， 我開始讀中國歷史和文化方面的書，
這啟發我在大學選擇了漢學專業?！?br/>2. The people that buy and read these books do so because they want to
learn more about Chinese culture and everyday life in China.
句式分析 句中that引導 從句，because引導
從句。
自主翻譯

定語　
原因狀語　
購買和閱讀這些書籍的人想要更多地了解中國文化和
日常生活。　
核心知識·巧突破
探究課堂重點
3
Part Ⅰ　核心詞匯集釋
tune n.曲調，旋律 v.為……調音；調試
【教材原句】　I just loved the movie’s theme tune， Song of the
Shepherd.
我特別喜歡這部電影的主題曲《牧羊曲》。
【用法】
（1）in tune （with ...）　　（與……）合拍；（與……）一致
out of tune （with ...）　?。ㄅc……）不合拍；（與……）不一致
（2）tune in　　收看；收聽
tune up　　給（樂器）調音，定調
（3）in good tune　　音調準確；協調，融合
【佳句】　I don’t know the title but I recognize the tune.我不知道曲
名，但聽得出曲調。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Biologists have been puzzled for years about why flowers suddenly burst
out everywhere on the same day， as if they were tune with one
another.
②Don’t forget to tune to the live broadcast of the school’s talent
show tonight at 7 pm.
in　
in　
【寫美】　補全句子
③Music is unbearable for ears.
走調的音樂讓人無法聽下去。
out of tune　
prior adj.先前的；較早的
【教材原句】　Prior to that， the only great historical works I had been
exposed to were Homer’s epic poems.
在此之前，我唯一接觸過的歷史巨作是《荷馬史詩》。
【用法】
（1）prior to 　　在……之前，先于……
（2）priority n.　　優先（權）；優先考慮的事
give priority to 　　優先考慮，給予……優先權
have/take priority over 　　較……享有優先權
（3）senior to　　比……年長的
junior to　　比……年輕的
inferior to　　比……差的
superior to　　比……好的
【佳句】　It is a must for lecturers to polish what they will present prior
to the presentation.
對演講者來說，在演講前潤色他要講的內容是必須的。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Finishing the assignments takes （prior） over discussing
extracurricular topics.
②These organizations give priority those employees who can speak
English fluently and write a standard form of English.
③They had to refuse the dinner invitation because of prior
engagement.
priority　
to　
a　
【寫美】　補全句子
④All the arrangements should be made .
在你離開之前一切都要做好安排。
⑤ to find somewhere to live.
我首先要考慮的事是找個地方住。
prior to your departure　
My first priority is　
be exposed to 接觸；暴露于；面臨；暴露在
【教材原句】　Prior to that， the only great historical works I had been
exposed to were Homer’s epic poems.
在此之前，我唯一接觸過的歷史巨作是《荷馬史詩》。
【用法】
（1）expose v.　 　暴露
expose sb/sth （to sth） 使某人/某物面臨，使遭受（危險或不快）
（2）exposed adj.　　無遮蔽的；暴露的
（3）exposure n.　　面臨，遭受（危險或不快）；揭露
exposure to　　接觸……
【佳句】　The more one is exposed to the English-speaking
environment， the better he or she will learn the language.一個人接觸說
英語的環境越多，他或她學習這門語言就會越好。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①It is claimed that more （expose） to direct sunlight
could help your body produce Vitamin D.
②You shouldn’t expose the soldiers unnecessary risks.
③ （expose） to so many advertisements， we can’t help
being persuaded into buying it.
exposure　
to　
Exposed　
【寫美】　補全句子
④ direct sunlight too much can easily get you
sunburnt.
過度暴露在陽光直射下很容易被曬傷。
Being exposed to　
keep an eye on留意；注意；照看
【教材原句】　I also keep a close eye on what’s being self-
published online by new，young authors — they have some good
ideas. 我還密切關注新的年輕作者自己在網上發表的作品——他
們有一些不錯的想法。
【用法】
【佳句】　I have to keep an eye on my son when he is playing at the
park because he tends to wander off.
當我的兒子在公園玩的時候，我不得不看著他，因為他經常走失。
【點津】　keep an eye on可以用在很多不同的場景中，比如護送或監
護子女、寵物、家庭財產，以及監護家庭成員和工作人員，以確保他
們正確地完成任務。在很多情況下，利用keep an eye on這個習語可以
很好地防止事情發展到極端。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①To our surprise，the headmaster turned a blind eye the bad
behaviour of his pupils.
②My mother has an eye bargains and she is good at bargaining
over the price.
to　
for　
【寫美】　補全句子
③Campers， ， are people who enjoy
insect bites， ill-cooked meals， and uncomfortable sleeping bags.
在我看來，露營者是一群喜歡被蟲咬、吃糟糕的飯菜和睡不舒服的睡
袋的人。
④We’ve asked the neighbours to for us
while we are away.
我們請鄰居在我們不在的時候，幫我們照看一下房子。
in the eyes of me/in my eyes　
keep an eye on the house　
Part Ⅱ　重點句型解構
句型公式：the first time引導時間狀語從句
【教材原句】　I fell in love with Dream of the Red Chamber the first
time I read it， and was determined to translate it into Bulgarian. 我第一
次讀《紅樓夢》時就喜歡上了它，并決心把它譯成保加利亞語。
【用法】
（1）the first time意為“第一次”，在句中起連詞的作用，引導時間
狀語從句。
（2）any time， each time， last time， next time之類的短語都可用作
連詞，用以引導狀語從句。
【品悟】　The first time I came here， I got caught in the extremely bad
weather.
我第一次來到這里就遇到了極度惡劣的天氣。
【點津】　the first time 用作連詞，引導狀語從句。for the first time 為
介詞短語，意為“初次，第一次”，在句中作狀語。
【寫美】　微寫作
①我第一次見到她時就覺得她很好，很誠實。（心理描寫）
I thought her nice and honest .
②這么多年來，我第一次真正專注于我的學業。（日?；顒樱?br/>in years， I was really concentrating on my school
work.
③每次見到他，我都感到心里一陣刺痛。（情感描寫）
I felt a stab of pain in my heart .
the first time I saw her　
For the first time　
each time I saw him　
句型公式：無生命名詞作主語
【教材原句】　Each year sees more works by Chinese writers published
in the Netherlands， and they are well-received. 每年都有更多中國作家
的作品在荷蘭出版，它們很受歡迎。
【用法】
無生命名詞作主語，是一種擬人的手法，用來增添語言色彩，可分
為以下幾類：
（1）以時間、地點等名詞作主語，常用see， find， witness等動詞作
句子的謂語，表示發生某情況，經歷或經受了某事。
（2）表示生理、心理狀態的名詞或表示某種遭遇的名詞（如word，
anger， faith， melancholy， idea， courage， desire等）作主語，用
visit， fail， desert， escape， seize等動詞作句子的謂語。
（3）具有行為和動作意義的名詞作主語，常用使役動詞（如
remind， make， let等）作句子的謂語。
【寫美】　微寫作
①19世紀后半葉見證了旅行工具的穩步改進。
The last half of the nineteenth century
in the means of travel.
②黃昏時，這對老夫婦吃完晚飯一起遛狗。
Dusk walking their dog together after supper.
③有幾次我幾乎要和他說話，但后來我失去了勇氣。（動作描寫）
Several times I almost brought myself to the point of speaking to him，
but .
witnessed the steady
improvement　
saw the old couple　
my courage failed me　
課時檢測·提能力
培育學科素養
4
維度一：品句填詞
1. The old （寺院） located in south of the city dates back to
the Tang Dynasty.
2. He was humming a familiar （曲調） while walking in the
dark street.
3. He was one of the greatest scientific and mathematical
（天才）.
temple　
tune　
geniuses　
4. During the war， more walls were put up to defend the borders of
different k .
5. The team made an e effort to fight against the disease.
ingdoms　
normous　
維度二：詞形轉換
1. （history） have agreed on this view that the custom
dates back to Ming Dynasty.
2. I have to recite the lines as fluently as possible， as I will play an
important part in a （romance） story.
3. I want to start work on the garden but the house must take
（prior）.
Historians　
romantic　
priority　
維度三：固定搭配和句式
1. （在……之前） the exams， it’s essential to establish a
consistent study routine.
2. （總而言之）， the celebrations were remarkably
good-humored and peaceful.
3. How could she have been so foolish as to （愛
上） him？
4. The soldier （下定決心） defend his country
against any foreign invaders.
Prior to　
On the whole　
fall in love with　
was determined to　
5. （既然） you are interested in traditional Chinese
culture， I think it is worthwhile to experience this festival.
6. His dream of becoming a university teacher has （實
現）.
7. The following year （他的母親康
復了）.
8. I thought her kind and honest （我第一次
看見她）.
Now that　
come true　
saw the recovery of his mother　
the first time I saw her　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　It was a snowy day during the spring break when I walked into a great
restaurant.In this blizzard weather， it was the only restaurant that
remained open.
　　The restaurant has a long history in Hong Kong.Its owners， the
couple， Peter and Michelle， have been running the restaurant since
2007.
　　“Things have changed a lot in the past 30 years，” Peter
said.“Chinese students 20 years ago thought that a 70-cent bowl of rice
was too expensive， but now a $20 meal is acceptable.” He also said that
the new generation of Chinese students engaged with other students，
bringing all their non-Chinese friends to visit the restaurant.
　　Peter takes great pride in his own cooking.He was curious about how
the food was made and why particular foods or sauces had specific
tastes.He chose to serve mainly Guangdong and Sichuan food at the
restaurant， featuring the family-style Chinese dim sum or hot pot.
　　When I asked whether he would modify the taste of the dishes to suit
the taste of most Americans， Peter said， “We are not like those
American-Chinese restaurants.We provide the genuine Chinese taste to our
customers， and they will love it because it is delicious， and their taste
will suit the taste of our dishes， not the other way around.”
　　“If I hear complaints from my customers， I will be so upset that I
can’t fall asleep at night，” he said.“Luckily， most of my favorite
dishes received wide acclaim from my customers and it takes more than
one person’s effort.”
　　He compares himself with the craftsmen in China who are proud of
preserving ancient Chinese art and whose motivation is only on people’s
enjoyment of their work and thought.
　　Such a spirit of craftsmanship has been remarkable and greatly valued
in the past.The craftsman’s spirit with perfection， precision，
concentration， and patience remains in Peter and his cooking.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。文章通過講述香港Peter和Michelle
夫婦開的餐館，高度贊揚了Peter堅持原汁原味地做好中國傳統食品
的工匠精神。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。文章通過講述香港Peter和Michelle
夫婦開的餐館，高度贊揚了Peter堅持原汁原味地做好中國傳統食品
的工匠精神。
1. How long have the couple been running the restaurant？（　?。?br/>A. 17 years. B. 20 years.
C. 30 years. D. 70 years.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第二段第二句可知，自從2007年至今
（2024年）已有17年之久。
2. Why is the restaurant different from other American-Chinese
restaurants？（　　）
A. Its customers are mainly Chinese.
B. It adjusts the taste according to the customers.
C. Its menu merely contains Guangdong and Sichuan food.
D. It sticks to its original taste of the dishes.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第五段中的We are not like
those ...not the other way around.可知，這家餐廳堅持中國菜肴的
原汁原味。
3. What can we know about Peter from the passage？（　?。?br/>A. He believes that cooking just needs one person’s effort.
B. He takes pride in cooking the best typical Chinese cuisine.
C. He shows an interest in preserving ancient Chinese art.
D. He doesn’t care about the customers’ complaints at all.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據第四段第一句以及倒數第二段內容可
推知，Peter以做最好的典型的中國菜而自豪。
4. In which part of the newspaper can you read the passage？（　?。?br/>A. Geography. B. Art.
C. Food. D. Literature.
解析：　文章出處題。通讀全文尤其是文章末句可知，本文主要
講述了香港Peter和Michelle夫婦開的餐館，并贊揚了Peter堅持原汁
原味地做好中國傳統食品的工匠精神。由此推斷，本文應來自食品
專欄。
B
　　If it had not been for Fan Jinshi and her team，the world cultural
heritage at Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in a remote Chinese desert might
have long been destroyed by sand， weather or humans.
　　Fan has spent half a century fighting an uphill battle to preserve the
ancient Buddhist wall paintings at Dunhuang， in Northwest China’s
Gansu Province.Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes are a huge collection of
Buddhist art — more than 2，000 Buddha figures and 45，000 square
metres of paintings spread among 735 caves.It is China’s first UNESCO
World Heritage Site.
　　Archaeologist Fan was sent to Dunhuang after graduating from Peking
University in 1963.While in Dunhuang，a remote village in the desert
then，Fan lived in an abandoned temple.At first，she did not even dare to
go out to the toilet at night.To protect the treasures from sand and
dampness， Fan and other workers put doors on the caves，planted trees
and started monitoring temperature and humidity in the caves.They also
control the number of visitors.
　　In the late 1990s，with tourism booming nationwide since national
holidays were extended，the local government planned to go public with
Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes，but found Fan firmly in their way.“The
heritage would have been destroyed if it had been listed，” she said.
　　Dunhuang Academy has now photographed and catalogued online all
the sculptures and paintings.“Despite our efforts to minimize damage，
we can’t completely stop them from being eroded （腐蝕）.But the
digital database will last.”
　　Fan was grateful when her husband joined her in Dunhuang in 1986
after 19 years of separation.Her two sons grew up with their aunt.“I have
not been a good mother or wife.With regard to my family， I’m full of
guilt，” she said.Fan retired as the director of Dunhuang Academy but
continues her efforts as a national political advisor.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了樊錦詩守護敦煌莫高窟
的故事。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了樊錦詩守護敦煌莫高窟
的故事。
5. Which measure didn’t Fan Jinshi and her team take to protect
Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes？（　?。?br/>A. They opened Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes to the public extensively.
B. They planted trees and stopped the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes being
eroded.
C. They pictured and classified all the sculptures and paintings online.
D. They put doors on the caves and monitored temperature and humidity.
解析： 　細節理解題。根據第三段最后兩句可知，為了保護這些
珍寶不被沙子和潮氣侵蝕，樊錦詩和其他工作人員在洞穴上安了
門，種了樹，并開始監測洞穴內的溫度和濕度。他們還控制著游客
的數量。根據第五段第一句可知，敦煌畫院現在已經在網上為所有
的雕塑和繪畫拍照并編目。
6. When was Fan separated from her husband？（　?。?br/>A. In 1963. B. In 1967.
C. In 1986. D. In the late 1990s.
解析：　細節理解題。根據最后一段第一句可知，1986年，在19
年的分離之后，她的丈夫來到敦煌，樊對此很感激。由此可知，她
與丈夫是在1967年分開的。
7. What is the passage mainly about？（　　）
A. The history of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes.
B. The attractions of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes.
C. Fan’s devotion to preserving Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes.
D. The appeal for the protection of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes.
解析：　主旨大意題。根據第一段內容可知，如果沒有樊錦詩和
她的團隊，地處中國偏遠沙漠的敦煌莫高窟可能早就被沙子、天氣
或人類破壞了。本文主要是關于樊錦詩致力于保護敦煌莫高窟的。
8. What kind of person do you think Fan is？（　　）
A. Considerate and easy-going.
B. Kind and intelligent.
C. Humorous and sweet-tempered.
D. Devoted and persistent.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據樊錦詩放棄照顧家庭、守護敦煌莫高
窟的事跡可判斷，樊錦詩具有奉獻和堅持不懈的精神。
C
　　As a type of dwelling （住宅） in China， cave dwellings
（yaodong in Chinese） still can be found in many places of
China.According to official statistics， there are still 40 million people
living in such dwellings in China.
　　As early as the New Stone Age， using a wooden framework， grass
and soil， families living in the middle reaches of the Yellow River built
simple shallow caves in natural earth holes in the mountains.Over 4，000
years ago， the real caves started to be constructed， which could be
related to the natural surroundings.In the areas that were popular with such
dwellings， there was very thick loess （黃土）.People made full use of
the loess layers to create the original cave dwellings.
　　A cave is usually 6－8 meters long， around 3 meters wide and
around 3 meters high.From the outside， it comes in the shape of an arc
（拱形）， which presents the ancient opinion of “Heaven is round and
Ground is square”.Furniture in these caves is very simple， such as a
wooden table， wooden chairs and an earth sleeping platform （kang in
Chinese）.
　　The most important and unique characteristic of a cave dwelling is
that the inside of it is cool in summer and warm in winter.The natural
architectural features protect the cave dwellers from being affected by the
changes of the environment or weather.Besides， its creation does not
damage the environment or occupy farmland.Another feature is that you
will feel quite quiet inside.
　　In Yan’an in northern Shaanxi， a family usually has 3 to 5
caves.The middle one is the chief house， in which the grandparents or
parents live.At the bottom right of each dwelling， people usually leave a
small pass for their pets， such as cats or dogs， to go through.When
constructing the gate for the whole yard， there is a traditional taboo that
none of the caves should be in line with the gate.Otherwise， bad luck
may fall upon this family.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了窯洞這一傳統的中
國民居。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了窯洞這一傳統的中
國民居。
9. What can we know about cave dwellings？（　　）
A. They were built using wood， grass， and bamboo.
B. They are a very popular kind of house in the world.
C. They have been around for about 2，000 years.
D. They are usually found in areas with thick loess.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第二段最后兩句可知，窯洞通常出現
在黃土較厚的地區。
10. Which of the following best describes a cave？（　?。?br/>A. Arc-shaped. B. Square-shaped.
C. Round-shaped. D. Rectangular-shaped.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第三段第二句“From the
outside ...and Ground is square’.”可知，窯洞通常是拱形的。
11. What is the most unique feature of a cave dwelling？（　?。?br/>A. It is quiet inside.
B. It does not occupy farmland.
C. It is environmentally friendly.
D. It is warm in winter and cool in summer.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第四段第一句可知，窯洞最獨特的
特點是冬暖夏涼。
12. What is the main purpose of the text？（　?。?br/>A. To describe the process of building traditional cave dwellings.
B. To introduce the unique architecture of cave dwellings to readers.
C. To discuss the historical and cultural significance of cave dwellings.
D. To explore the living conditions and lifestyles of people in cave
dwellings.
解析：　寫作意圖題。通讀全文內容可知，本文主要介紹了窯
洞這一傳統的中國民居，目的是介紹其獨特的窯洞建筑。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　Can knots be a form of art？ 13.（　?。?A Chinese knot is a knot
that is tied and woven from a single length of rope to be a variety of shapes
and varying complexity.Knot weavers can use a variety of colors， but
they usually weave deep red ones.14.（　?。?
　　History of Chinese knots
　　People may have originally made them to record information and
convey messages before people started to write.One-hundred-thousand-
year-old tools that were probably used to tie and untie knots have been
discovered， and there is a reference to knots in ancient literature.15.
（　?。?It is known that they were used to symbolize and express
thoughts and feelings in the Tang Dynasty.
　　Ancient and modern use of artistic knots
　　Even today， Chinese knots are rich in symbolic meaning.16.
（　?。?For example， in ancient times and even now， lovers may
give a knot as a sign of their love.The “true love knot” and the “double
happiness knot” are given or used at weddings to express common love
and growing old together in reality.Knots represent love and marriage in
Chinese culture.So a knot given to a marriage partner or a couple means all
these things and having children as well.
　　17. （　?。?br/>　　Along with being symbolic gifts or messages， knots are still used if
they wear traditional Chinese clothing or as good luck charms （護身
符）.They are a means of fastening traditional garment instead of clothes
buttons.Now， silk is most widely used to make these clothing
knots.They are used as jewelry such as even rings， earrings and
necklaces.They are sold as handicraft novelty items too.
A. It is truly in China
B. Knots are symbols of China
C. Modern usage of artistic knots
D. Knots can be seen in ancient China
E. The color red signifies good fortune
F. They therefore hold emotional value when given as gifts
G. But it isn’t known when they first started to be used symbolically
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國結這門藝術，
包括其歷史以及在古代和現在的用法等。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國結這門藝術，
包括其歷史以及在古代和現在的用法等。
13. A　空前問句提出結能否作為藝術的問題，空后一句介紹中國結
的概念。A項（在中國確實如此）說明結在中國的確是一門藝術，回
答空前的問題，并引出下文的概念，其中的China和空后句的Chinese
相呼應。
14. E　空前一句介紹結常常是深紅色的。E項（紅色象征著好運）說
明紅色的寓意，解釋用紅色的原因，承接上文，其中的red在上文有同
詞復現。
15. G　空前一句介紹已知的有關結的考古發現文獻記載，空后一句
介紹已知的結在唐代的象征性用法。G項指出其首次象征性用法的時
間是未知的，和上文構成轉折，并引出下文，其中的they指代上文的
knots，symbolically與下文的symbolize相呼應。
16. F　空前一句說明中國結具有豐富的象征意義，空后的舉例說明戀
人之間的結的象征意義。F項介紹中國結作為禮物時的情感價值，承
接上文。
17. C　根據本段首句可知，本段主要介紹結在現在的用處。C項（藝
術結的現代用法）符合語境。
Ⅲ.應用文寫作
　　假定你是李華，你看到莫高窟受到了自然和人為的破壞，為此感
到心痛。因此，請你給當地政府寫封郵件，希望能夠采取措施保護這
寶貴的文化遺產，內容包括：
　　1. 莫高窟現狀：受到破壞；
　　2. 保護文化遺產的重要性；
　　3. 你的建議。
注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；
2. 請按如下格式作答。
Dear Sir or Madam，
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
參考范文：
Dear Sir or Madam，
　　Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes are suffering damage due to natural forces
such as frequent sandstorms.What’s worse，some tourists even carve
their names on the walls， making me heartbroken.
　　I hope the authorities can take measures to protect Dunhuang Mogao
Grottoes.For one thing，cultural heritage，which is the witness to the
historical development，is an important basis for historical research.For
another， it is likely to provide a source of tourism income， if maintained
well.
　　I would appreciate it if my suggestions were accepted.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
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