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Unit 6 Space and beyond Writing a journal entry about living in space課件(共81張PPT+ 學案+ 練習)

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Unit 6 Space and beyond Writing a journal entry about living in space課件(共81張PPT+ 學案+ 練習)

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Section Ⅳ Writing a journal entry about living in space
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
  Recent research has found that Martian soil contains all the essential nutrients necessary for growing rice, planetary scientist Abhilash Ramachandran of the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville, reported at the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, providing new possibilities for agriculture on the Red Planet.
  The study, conducted by a team of researchers from the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville, tested simulated Martian soil to determine its suitability for growing rice. The researchers found that the soil contained all the essential nutrients needed for the crop to grow.
  However, it would be a bit challenging for the plants to survive in the soil that has perchlorate, a chemical that has been detected on Mars’ surface and can be poisonous to plants.
  The team grew rice plants in a Martian soil simulant primarily made of Mojave Desert basalt (玄武巖). However, the new-grown plants developed slighter shoots and thinner roots than the plants that grew from the potting mix. Even replacing just 25 percent of the simulant with a potting mix made a big difference, the team found.
  The team of researchers then conducted an experiment to grow rice in soil containing perchlorate. They used a wild rice variety and two genetically edited varieties, which were designed to stand up to environmental stressors such as drought, and tested them in Mars-simulated soil with and without perchlorate.
  The study revealed that a concentration of three grams of perchlorate per kilogram of soil resulted in no growth of rice plants. However, when the concentration was reduced to one gram per kilogram, one of the genetically edited lines successfully grew both a shoot and a root, while the wild variety was only able to grow a root.
  “We want to send humans to Mars but we cannot take everything there. It’s going to be expensive,” said Ramachandran. The discovery could be a game-changer for future missions to Mars, as it could enable astronauts to grow their own food on the planet, reducing the need for costly and complex resupply missions.
1.How did the researchers conduct their study?(  )
A.By asking questions.
B.By carrying out experiments.
C.By making a case study.
D.By referring to former studies.
2.The gene-edited variety grows better in one kilogram of soil containing    .(  )
A.one gram of perchlorate B.two grams of perchlorate
C.three grams of perchlorate D.four grams of perchlorate
3.Why did the researchers want to grow rice on Mars?(  )
A.To find a wonderful way to make money.
B.To support the growing population on Earth.
C.To help astronauts feed themselves on Mars.
D.To enable people to eat new varieties of rice.
4.What’s the best title for the text?(  )
A.What Should We Grow on Mars?
B.How Did Martian Soil Change over Time?
C.People Are Likely to Live on Mars Years Later
D.Martian Soil May Have All the Essential Nutrients Rice Needs
B
  “We are running out of space and the only places to go to are other worlds ...Spreading out may be the only thing that saves us from ourselves.I’m convinced that humans need to leave Earth.” These are the words of the famous scientist Stephen Hawking, spoken at a science festival in Norway in 2017, a year before his death.
  Hawking was not alone in this view.Many experts feel that the only way for humanity to last far into the future is to colonize (移民于) other planets.That way, if a terrible disease, nuclear war or some other disaster strikes Earth, civilization as we know it would still have a chance.Mars is one of the most attractive destinations.NASA, the United Arab Emirates, the private company SpaceX, and the organization Mars One all have plans to send humans there.“Either we spread Earth to other planets, or we risk going extinct,” SpaceX founder Elon Musk said at a conference in 2013.
  But not everyone agrees that colonizing Mars or any other planet is such a great plan.The most common argument against going is that it’s just too expensive or dangerous.It will take huge amounts of money and other resources just to get people there, let alone set up a place for them to live.It’s not even clear if humans could survive on Mars.One of the biggest dangers there is deadly radiation that ruins the planet.
  Maybe all the time and money people would pour into a Mars mission would be better spent on more urgent projects here on Earth, like dealing with poverty or climate change.Some experts argue that handling a problem like an asteroid (小行星) strike or disease outbreak while staying here on Earth would be much easier and less expensive than surviving on a new planet.
  In addition, moving to a new planet could harm or destroy anything that already lives there.Mars seems uninhabited, but it could possibly host micro-organism like.Human visitors may destroy this life or permanently change or damage the Martian environment.Some feel that’s too much of a risk to take.
5.Why did the author mention NASA, the United Arab Emirates, SpaceX and Mars One?(  )
A.To stress the risk of dying out on Earth.
B.To provide evidence for Hawking’s theory.
C.To show growing intention of moving to Mars.
D.To explain the advanced technology in astronomy.
6.What can we learn from the passage?(  )
A.It is costly and risky to colonize Mars.
B.Civilization is difficult to maintain on Earth.
C.Poverty is the most urgent problem to handle.
D.All the time and money should be spent on Earth.
7.What does the underlined word “uninhabited” in the last paragraph mean?(  )
A.Not steady to keep.
B.Not fit to live on.
C.Not easy to approach.
D.Not safe to set foot on.
8.What’s the best title for the passage?(  )
A.Leaving Earth to Other Planets
B.Should We Colonize Mars?
C.New Home on New Planet
D.A Mars Mission Is on the Way
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
Protecting from above
  A deadly asteroid heading toward the Earth is a common plot in sci-fi movies. 9.(  ). An increasing number of space agencies are now taking steps to defend against near-Earth asteroids (NEAs).
  10.(  )
  Wu Yanhua, deputy director of the China National Space Administration (CNSA), recently told CCTV News that China will start to build Earth and space-based monitoring and warning systems to detect NEAs. 11.(  ). In 2025 or 2026, China hopes to be able to closely observe approaching asteroids before impacting them to change their path toward our planet.
  Making an impact
  NASA also has its own program for developing technology to deflect (使轉向) incoming asteroids. On Nov 23, 2021, the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) was launched to slam into Dimorphos and change the speed at which it orbits its space neighbor, Didymos, an asteroid approximately 2,560 feet in diameter (直徑). 12.(  ).
  Global effort
  13.(  ). It also re-launched its Planetary Defense Office in 2021, according to Electronics Weekly. “Restarting the program, which seeks to communicate with space agencies around the world, is due to the global character of the dangers we all face due to asteroids,” said ESA Director General Josef Aschbacher.
A.Plan to protect
B.Taking prompt actions
C.But most people believe this is only an imagination
D.However, this is also a risk we should be worried about in real life
E.They are aimed to classify incoming NEAs depending on the risks they pose
F.The European Space Agency (ESA) signed a deal to make a spacecraft for a joint mission with NASA
G.This will help prove out one viable (可行的) way to protect our planet from a dangerous asteroid
Ⅲ.完形填空
  About ten years ago, I was a coach at a certain school in Lupane District, Zimbabwe.We had an athletic competition in which we were competing against our neighbouring schools.One of my athletes was far behind his  14  in a relay race.He was given the baton (接力棒) too  15  when the front runner was several metres away.He saw no  16  of catching up with his rival runner who was running in front of him.He made up his mind to  17  for number two.
   18 , something dramatic happened.That front runner dropped his baton a few metres from the finish line!The children from my school started  19  my athlete on so that he could run and beat that front runner and become number one.My athlete did run; yes he did  20  to really run fast to catch up.The athlete that had dropped the baton ran back to  21  the baton before my athlete caught up with him.My athlete was too  22  to that competitor but he still  23  to run past him in crossing the finish line!
  That was a very painful  24  for me.So close to victory but still didn’t take that first position.What if my athlete had kept going within striking distance?
  Keep training, keep improving your  25 , keep hoping and keep running hard, one way or the other.The baton sometimes  26  in the opposition’s camp.Keep within striking distance because you may never  27  when things will suddenly change in your  28 .
14.( )A.competitor    B.champion
C.candidate D.teammate
15.( )A.high B.late
C.quickly D.abruptly
16.( )A.symbol B.signal
C.hope D.need
17.( )A.apply B.struggle
C.stand D.wish
18.( )A.Besides B.Therefore
C.Otherwise D.However
19.( )A.putting B.bringing
C.cheering D.keeping
20.( )A.hesitate B.guarantee
C.pretend D.attempt
21.( )A.pick up B.set aside
C.win back D.hold onto
22.( )A.similar B.close
C.junior D.friendly
23.( )A.refused B.fought
C.failed D.began
24.( )A.experiment B.challenge
C.punishment D.experience
25.( )A.talent B.skills
C.memory D.standards
26.( )A.crashes B.disappears
C.falls D.changes
27.( )A.prove B.promise
C.guess D.know
28.( )A.favour B.face
C.honour D.presence
Ⅳ.語法填空
  Before the mid-20th century, most people felt travelling into space was 29.       impossible dream.However, some scientists determined to help humans realize their dream of exploring space.
  On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite 30.       (launch) and successfully orbited around Earth.Afterwards, 31.       (astronaut) including Yuri Gagarin and Neil Armstrong were sent into space.Following this, America’s NASA launched Voyager 1 on 5 September 1977.
  However, exploring space is filled with risks and even disasters, which make everyone sad and 32.       (disappoint).But people still believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration.An example of this ongoing work is the International Space Station.It 33.       (orbit) Earth and has astronauts from different countries 34.     board, providing a continuous human presence in space.
  China became the third country in the world to 35.       (independent) send humans into space in 2003, 36.       Yang Liwei orbited Earth in the Shenzhou Ⅴ spacecraft.In 2016, China launched the Tiangong-2 space lab into space, 37.       (signal) one step further in China’s plan to establish a space station.In 2018, China sent Chang’e 4 38.       (explore) the surface of the far side of the Moon.
Ⅴ.讀后續寫
  閱讀下面材料,根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段,使之構成一篇完整的短文。
  Michael, a 58-year-old man, lives in one of the most magical places in the world, Honolulu, Hawaii, which is known as an ideal vacation spot for most Americans. He gets to call this place home. But he has difficulty finding a regular place to live in. Being a homeless man, he usually sleeps on the streets and beaches of Honolulu.
  Michael has an interest in baseball, so he often takes advantage of the wonderful weather to play baseball. That’s how he earns him the nickname “Baseball Michael”. Many of his friends know where to find him — in the former Heald College parking garage.There, he practices his skills, in the hope of making it big one day.
  Several days ago, when Michael was hitting some baseballs, he lost one in a narrow gap between the parking garage and a drug store next door. He kept on playing. After losing a total of six balls, he decided to go down to get them. The gap was so narrow that he wasn’t sure whether he could squeeze in (擠進去). But realizing those baseballs were his only possessions, he finally made up his mind to have a try.
  Michael made his way down the gap, but things turned tricky. He saw it was narrow at the bottom but he thought he was thin enough to enter it. Moments later, he let out an “uh oh”. Beyond his expectation, the space was too small for him to fit. However, he kept going with his eyes on his baseballs. He whispered, “Don’t give up. They are all I have.”
  As Michael went down a little lower and lower, he realized that there was no way to return. He had to wait for somebody to rescue him. As he didn’t bring his mobile phone along, he had to shout as loudly as he could. However, there was no one answering him. Half an hour later, he felt extremely thirsty. He was very tired and afraid that he could no longer hold on. Just when he was about to give up, he heard the sound of footsteps was approaching.
注意:1.續寫詞數應為 150 左右;
2.請按如下格式作答。
  A worker named Ray passed by and discovered Michael.                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
  The firefighters arrived at the site soon.                        
                       
                       
                       
                       
Section Ⅳ Writing a journal entry about living in space
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀:本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在火星土壤中種植稻米的可能性以及實驗的經過。1.B 細節理解題。根據第二段第一句可知,研究人員是通過做實驗進行研究的。
2.A 細節理解題。根據第六段內容可知,在含有1克高氯酸鹽的1公斤土壤中基因編輯過的品種長得更好。
3.C 推理判斷題。根據文章末句可推知,研究者想要在火星上種植水稻是為了幫助宇航員在火星上養活自己。
4.D 標題歸納題。文章主要介紹了在火星土壤中種植稻米的可能性以及實驗的經過。因此,D項(火星土壤可能含有水稻所需的所有必需營養素)為本文最佳標題。
語篇解讀:本文是一篇說明文。文章主要探討了人類應不應該移民到其他星球,例如火星,持不同觀點的專家們給出了各自的理由。
5.C 推理判斷題。根據第二段內容可知,作者提到他們,是在說明越來越多的國家都有移民火星的意愿。
6.A 推理判斷題。根據第三段前兩句可知,移民火星費用高,風險大。
7.B 詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞所在句中的but it could possibly host micro-organism like可推測,上文意思是火星上沒有人居住,和下文構成轉折關系。據此猜測uninhabited意為“無人居住的,不適合人類生活的”。
8.B 標題歸納題。通讀全文可知,文章主要探討了人類應不應該移民到其他星球,例如火星,持不同觀點的專家們給出了各自的理由。因此B項(我們是否應該移民火星)為文章最佳標題。
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀:本文是一篇新聞報道。文章講述了多個國家和組織采取措施來保護地球免受近地小行星的危害。
9.D 根據下句可知,小行星可能在現實中也對地球造成威脅。D項(然而,這也是我們在現實生活中應該擔心的風險)引起下文。
10.A 根據本段首句中China will start to build ...systems to detect NEAs以及尾句中China hopes to be able ...toward our planet可知,本段主要陳述中國防御小行星的計劃措施。A項(計劃保護)符合語境。
11.E 根據上句中China will start to build ...systems to detect NEAs和下句可知,本句應進一步陳述該監測預警系統的功能和目的。E項(它們的目的是根據其構成的風險對即將到來的NEA進行分類)承上啟下。
12.G 根據上句可推斷,下文講的應是雙小行星重定向測試的意義。G項(這將有助于證明保護我們的星球免受危險小行星襲擊的一種可行方法)符合語境。
13.F 根據本段標題Global effort以及空后一句中It also re-launched its Planetary Defense Office in 2021可推斷,空處應是全球合作的一項內容。F項(歐洲航天局與美國國家航空航天局簽署了一項協議,將制造一艘用于聯合任務的航天器)引起下文。
Ⅲ.
語篇解讀:本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者從接力比賽中得到啟示:要不斷努力,因為也許事情會有變化。
14.A 根據語境及上文中的against our neighbouring schools可知,在接力比賽中,作者的一名隊員遠遠落后于對手。
15.B 根據上文中的One of my athletes was far behind可知,比賽中接力棒交接得太晚了。
16.C 根據上文中的the front runner was several metres away可知,作者的隊員沒有希望趕上對手了。
17.B 根據上文中的He saw no  16  of catching up with his rival runner who was running in front of him.及語境可知,他決心努力成為第二名。
18.D 根據語境和上下文內容可知,作者的隊員感到奪冠無望,然而這時對手的接力棒掉在了地上。
19.C 根據語境及上下文內容可知,此處指孩子們開始為作者的隊員加油打氣。cheer sb on 意為“為(某人)加油”。
20.D 此處是說他真的努力跑了。
21.A 上文提到對手把接力棒弄掉了,這里是說他快速跑回去拾起接力棒。set aside意為“把……放到一旁(或擱到一邊)”;win back意為“把……爭取回來”;hold onto意為“抓緊”。
22.B 根據下文So close to victory可知,作者的隊員如此接近對手。
23.C 根據轉折連詞but以及下文中的That was a very painful ...didn’t take that first position.可知,作者的隊員未能超過對手。
24.D 作者的隊員在對手出現失誤的情況下仍沒有超過對手,這對作者來說是一次非常痛苦的經歷。
25.B 此處指繼續訓練,繼續提高技能。
26.C 此處指對手的接力棒掉了。
27.D 你也許從不會知道事情什么時候將突然變得對你有利。
28.A 文中講述的是突然變得對自己有利的情況。in one’s favour意為“有利于某人”。
Ⅳ.
語篇解讀:本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了太空探索的歷史以及中國在太空探索方面取得的成就。
29.an 考查冠詞。dream為可數名詞,此處表示“一個不可能的夢想”,表泛指,又因impossible的發音以元音音素開頭,故填不定冠詞an。
30.was launched 考查動詞的時態、語態和主謂一致。主語the Sputnik 1 satellite和launch之間是動賓關系,應用被動語態,且根據On 4 October 1957可知,此處講述的是過去發生的事情,應用一般過去時。
31.astronauts 考查名詞的單復數。此處作主語,且根據空后的including Yuri Gagarin and Neil Armstrong可知,此處應用名詞復數。
32.disappointed 考查詞形轉換。此處為“make+賓語+賓語補足語”結構,空處和sad并列作賓語補足語,根據everyone 可知,應用形容詞disappointed,表示“失望的,沮喪的”。
33.orbits 考查動詞的時態、語態和主謂一致。It指代上文中的the International Space Station,和orbit之間是主謂關系,又根據本句中的has可知,此處應用一般現在時,故填orbits。
34.on 考查介詞。on board意為“在船(飛機或火車)上”,為固定搭配,故填介詞on。
35.independently 考查詞形轉換。空處修飾動詞send,應用副詞形式。
36.when 考查定語從句。空處引導非限制性定語從句,且在從句中作時間狀語,故填when。
37.signal(l)ing 考查非謂語動詞。signal與其邏輯主語之間是主謂關系,此處應用動詞-ing形式作狀語,故填signal(l)ing。
38.to explore 考查非謂語動詞。此處應用動詞不定式作目的狀語,故填to explore。
Ⅴ.
  A worker named Ray passed by and discovered Michael. “Are you OK?” Ray asked. “No, I’m trapped and I’m thirsty. Please help me out,” said Michael in a very low voice. After hearing that, Ray took out his mobile phone and called one of his colleagues to buy a bottle of water and a rope. Then Ray, together with his colleague, started their rescue work. They tried lowering one end of the rope to Michael, but it was too short for him to grab. After several unsuccessful attempts, they had to call 911 to rescue Michael.
  The firefighters arrived at the site soon. First, they tried many ways to free Michael but didn’t make it. The rescue work was getting tougher. Michael became hopeless and began to cry in panic, “Will I die?” The firefighters, as well as Ray and his colleague, comforted Michael continuously. The firemen had to use tools to cut the gap wider. With joint efforts, Michael managed to get out of the gap. Then he decided not to do anything dangerous like that. However, fortunately, Ray offered his spare house to Michael. Michael promised that he would find a job and do charity in return.
6 / 6Section Ⅳ Writing a journal entry about living in space
Step 1 品教材課文
  In space, even the most straightforward, everyday tasks can be quite difficult for astronauts who are spending months on board a spacecraft.In this zero gravity world, there is no up or down, and while sleeping on the ceiling might sound like fun, astronauts need to be strapped to sleeping compartments to protect themselves from injury.
Although not many people enjoy doing housework, astronauts need to find the self-discipline to keep the small interior of their spacecraft clean; even using a vacuum cleaner to stop dust from getting into the air filters.A vacuum cleaner also comes in handy for fetching items that are floating around out-of-reach!
Astronauts also need to keep themselves clean.To do this, they use special soap and shampoo which do not need to be rinsed off with water.After brushing their teeth, they spit into a towel.
With no gravity to push against, astronauts’ bones and muscles can become weak.In order to stay fit, astronauts have to exercise on a regular basis.
And while some food items, such as cakes and fruit can be eaten in more or less the same way that they are on Earth, water needs to be added to much of the food that is eaten in space.Nonetheless, a menu for a hungry astronaut can still be varied and balanced, often including soup, prawn sandwiches, as well as fruit yoghurt.And as salt and pepper would simply float away, astronauts are provided with these in liquid form.
Carrying out these everyday tasks effectively helps the astronauts stay healthy and focus on their work in space — after all, imagine what would happen if they caught a cold and started to sneeze!
Step 2 析寫作手法
學語言:
1.修飾語:副詞simply; effectively
2.句式:
①keep+賓語+賓語補足語:keep the small interior of their spacecraft clean
②with的復合結構:With no gravity to push against
3.連接詞:such as, nonetheless, including
4.高級表達:
①定語從句:who are spending months on board a spacecraft, that are floating around out-of-reach, which do not need to be rinsed off with water 和that is eaten in space
②although引導的讓步狀語從句:Although not many people enjoy doing housework
③動詞-ing短語作主語:Carrying out these everyday tasks effectively
5.時態:一般現在時
學結構:
1.What can be difficult for astronauts?
2.How to keep the interior of the spacecraft and astronauts clean?
3.How to exercise to stay fit?
4.How to eat and drink?
5.The importance of carrying out the everyday tasks effectively.
Step 3 背出彩佳句
1.I’m told people are concerned about our life here in space.
我聽說大家很關心我們在太空中的生活。
2.They are curious about how we sleep and have meal in the space station.
他們很好奇我們在空間站里是如何睡覺和吃飯的。
3.I should say I feel fulfilled during our work, and I really want to go to bed now.
我應該說我在工作中感到很充實,而且我現在真的很想睡覺。
4.As we were so busy in the morning, docking Shenzhou-11 and Tiangong-2 and then entering Tiangong-2 of the complex, we had no time for breakfast.
由于我們早上太忙了,對接“神舟十一號”和“天宮二號”,然后進入復合體的“天宮二號”,我們沒有時間吃早餐。
5.We eat only one meal for breakfast and lunch, which are largely ready-to-eat foods, or what we often say snacks.
早餐和午餐我們是合并吃的,大部分都是即食食品,也就是我們常說的零食。
6.In fact, so little do we know about the universe that we are not even aware how it came into being.
事實上,我們對宇宙了解很少,甚至不明白它是如何形成的。
7.We are all look forward to the day when the scientists can discover more secrets of the universe.
我們都期盼著科學家們能發現更多的宇宙秘密的那一天。
8.By the end of the 21st century, we will have discovered other places in our solar system suitable for living and we will have discovered ways to go further into space.
到21世紀末,我們將會在太陽系中發現其他適于人類居住的星球,并將發現進行更遠空間探索的方法。
  假定你是李華,有幸參加了一個太空旅行項目,已經在太空生活了幾天。請你用英語寫一篇日志,向地球上的朋友們簡單介紹一下你在太空中一天的生活場景,要包括吃飯、鍛煉以及睡覺等幾個方面。
一、審題謀篇,結構分明
第一段:開門見山,直入主題;
第二段:按時間先后描述這一天發生的事情;
第三段:發表自己的感受以及對太空生活的看法。
二、要點陳述,語言規范
1.由于沒有地心引力,地球上最簡單的日常工作在太空中可能會非常困難。(as 引導原因狀語從句)
                                             
                                             
2.起床后,我開始吃早餐。它包括一些面包和一袋果汁。
                                             
                                             
3.我必須取一個吸管來喝果汁,否則它會在飛船中到處飄。
                                             
                                             
4.工作了兩個小時后,我需要鍛煉一段時間來保持肌肉強壯。
                                             
                                             
5.我把腿系到一個特殊的機器上以便我不會飄走。
                                             
                                             
6.到了睡覺的時間,我就去一個小櫥柜,鉆進固定在墻上的睡袋里。
                                             
                                             
三、句間銜接,過渡自然
1.用獨立主格結構改寫要點1。
                                             
2.用非限制性定語從句改寫要點2。
                                             
3.用現在分詞短語作狀語改寫要點4。
                                             
四、檢查謄寫,卷面整潔
                                             
                                             
                                             
                                             
                                             
動作 描寫 become accustomed to 習慣于(做)某事 cast a shadow on/over 給……蒙上陰影 scream v.(因疼痛、驚恐、興奮等)尖聲大叫 suspend v.暫停;中止;懸;掛 submit v.提交;呈遞;屈服 sneeze v.打噴嚏 fetch v.(去)拿來
人物 描寫 straightforward adj.簡單的;直接的 crew n.(飛機上的)全體機組人員;全體船員
其他 描寫 詞匯 hazardous adj.危險的,不安全的 unexceptional adj.平常的 tragically adv.悲慘地,不幸地 instantaneously adv.瞬間地 lifelike adj.(圖畫、模型等)生動的,逼真的 awesome adj.很好的,了不起的
  請從以上語料中選擇合適的詞匯,并用適當的過渡詞完成下面語段。
  湯姆習慣于在外面的吵鬧聲中做作業。然而,有一天,他聽到一些人在驚恐地尖叫,他意
識到發生了一些危險的事情。然后,空氣中就彌漫著濃烈的燃燒氣味。湯姆打開公寓門去查看。瞬間,一股濃煙使他打噴嚏又咳嗽。與此同時,他能感覺到天花板上懸掛的燈在晃動。原來是一家商店著火了,人們一邊跑一邊尖叫。湯姆沖出門,沿著走廊穿過煙霧去拿水。不幸的是,他公寓里的家具和書籍都被徹底燒毀了。半小時后,消防隊員趕到了,所有人都松了一口氣。老實說,這場火災給他的生活蒙上了一層陰影。
                                             
                                             
                                             
                                             
                                             
                                             
Section Ⅳ Writing a journal entry about
living in space
【演練佳作·寫美文】
寫作步驟
二、1.As there is no gravity,the most straightforward daily tasks on the Earth can be very difficult in space.
2.After getting up,I began to have breakfast.It consisted of some bread and a bag of fruit juice.
3.I had to fetch a straw to drink the juice,otherwise it would float around in the spacecraft.
4.After I worked for two hours,I needed to work out for some time to keep my muscles strong.
5.I tied my legs to a special machine so that I wouldn’t float away.
6.When it was time to go to bed,I went into a small cupboard, and got into a sleeping bag tied to the wall.
三、1.There being no gravity,the most straightforward daily tasks on the Earth can be very difficult in space.
2.After getting up, I began to have breakfast,which consisted of some bread and a bag of fruit juice.
3.Having worked for two hours,I needed to work out for some time to keep my muscles strong.
四、
Sunday 12 April
  There being no gravity,the most straightward daily tasks on the Earth can be very difficult in space.
After getting up,I began to have breakfast,which consisted of some bread and a bag of fruit juice.I had to fetch a straw to drink the juice,otherwise it would float around in the spacecraft.Having worked for two hours,I needed to work out for some time to keep my muscles strong.I tied my legs to a special machine so that I wouldn’t float away.When it was time to go to bed,I went into a small cupboard, and got into a sleeping bag tied to the wall.I think I must look like a big sausage.It is so funny,isn’t it?
Living in space is rather difficult but fun.I enjoy it very much.
【教材詞匯·練續寫】
  Tom was accustomed to doing his homework with the noise going on outside.However,one day he heard some people screaming with terror and realized something hazardous happened.Then a thick burning smell filled the air.Tom opened the door of his flat to investigate.Instantaneously,a thick cloud of smoke made him sneeze and cough.Meanwhile,he could felt the lamp suspended from the ceiling was shaking.It turned out that a shop had caught fire and people ran screaming.Tom rushed out the door and along the corridor through the smoke to fetch water.Tragically,the furniture and the books in his flat were totally destroyed.Half an hour later, the firefighters arrived.All the people breathed a sigh of relief.To be honest,the fire cast a shadow on his life.
4 / 4(共81張PPT)
Section Ⅳ Writing a journal entry about living in space
1
細品課文·學手法
目 錄
2
演練佳作·寫美文
3
教材詞匯·練續寫
4
課時檢測·提能力
細品課文·學手法
培養思維品質
1
Step 1 品教材課文
  In space, even the most straightforward, everyday tasks can be
quite difficult for astronauts who are spending months on board a
spacecraft.In this zero gravity world, there is no up or down, and while
sleeping on the ceiling might sound like fun, astronauts need to be
strapped to sleeping compartments to protect themselves from injury.
  Although not many people enjoy doing housework, astronauts need
to find the self-discipline to keep the small interior of their spacecraft
clean; even using a vacuum cleaner to stop dust from getting into the air
filters.A vacuum cleaner also comes in handy for fetching items that are
floating around out-of-reach!
  Astronauts also need to keep themselves clean.To do this, they use
special soap and shampoo which do not need to be rinsed off with
water.After brushing their teeth, they spit into a towel.
  With no gravity to push against, astronauts’ bones and muscles can
become weak.In order to stay fit, astronauts have to exercise on a regular
basis.
  And while some food items, such as cakes and fruit can be eaten in
more or less the same way that they are on Earth, water needs to be added
to much of the food that is eaten in space.Nonetheless, a menu for a
hungry astronaut can still be varied and balanced, often including soup,
prawn sandwiches, as well as fruit yoghurt.And as salt and pepper would
simply float away, astronauts are provided with these in liquid form.
Carrying out these everyday tasks effectively helps the astronauts stay
healthy and focus on their work in space — after all, imagine what would
happen if they caught a cold and started to sneeze!
Step 2 析寫作手法
學語言:
1. 修飾語:副詞simply; effectively
2. 句式:
①keep+賓語+賓語補足語:keep the small interior of their
spacecraft clean
②with的復合結構:With no gravity to push against
3. 連接詞:such as, nonetheless, including
4. 高級表達:
①定語從句:who are spending months on board a spacecraft, that
are floating around out-of-reach, which do not need to be rinsed off
with water 和that is eaten in space
②although引導的讓步狀語從句:Although not many people enjoy
doing housework
③動詞-ing短語作主語:Carrying out these everyday tasks effectively
5. 時態:一般現在時
學結構:
1. What can be difficult for astronauts?
2. How to keep the interior of the spacecraft and astronauts clean?
3. How to exercise to stay fit?
4. How to eat and drink?
5. The importance of carrying out the everyday tasks effectively.
Step 3 背出彩佳句
1. I’m told people are concerned about our life here in space.
我聽說大家很關心我們在太空中的生活。
2. They are curious about how we sleep and have meal in the space
station.
他們很好奇我們在空間站里是如何睡覺和吃飯的。
3. I should say I feel fulfilled during our work, and I really want to go to
bed now.
我應該說我在工作中感到很充實,而且我現在真的很想睡覺。
4. As we were so busy in the morning, docking Shenzhou-11 and
Tiangong-2 and then entering Tiangong-2 of the complex, we had no
time for breakfast.
由于我們早上太忙了,對接“神舟十一號”和“天宮二號”,然后
進入復合體的“天宮二號”,我們沒有時間吃早餐。
5. We eat only one meal for breakfast and lunch, which are largely ready-
to-eat foods, or what we often say snacks.
早餐和午餐我們是合并吃的,大部分都是即食食品,也就是我們常
說的零食。
6. In fact, so little do we know about the universe that we are not even
aware how it came into being.
事實上,我們對宇宙了解很少,甚至不明白它是如何形成的。
7. We are all look forward to the day when the scientists can discover more
secrets of the universe.
我們都期盼著科學家們能發現更多的宇宙秘密的那一天。
8. By the end of the 21st century, we will have discovered other places in
our solar system suitable for living and we will have discovered ways to
go further into space.到21世紀末,我們將會在太陽系中發現其他適
于人類居住的星球,并將發現進行更遠空間探索的方法。
演練佳作·寫美文
奠定寫作功底
2
  假定你是李華,有幸參加了一個太空旅行項目,已經在太空生活
了幾天。請你用英語寫一篇日志,向地球上的朋友們簡單介紹一下你
在太空中一天的生活場景,要包括吃飯、鍛煉以及睡覺等幾個方面。
一、審題謀篇,結構分明
第一段:開門見山,直入主題;
第二段:按時間先后描述這一天發生的事情;
第三段:發表自己的感受以及對太空生活的看法。
二、要點陳述,語言規范
1. 由于沒有地心引力,地球上最簡單的日常工作在太空中可能會非常
困難。(as 引導原因狀語從句)


2. 起床后,我開始吃早餐。它包括一些面包和一袋果汁。


As there is no gravity,the most straightforward daily tasks on the Earth
can be very difficult in space.
After getting up,I began to have breakfast.It consisted of some bread
and a bag of fruit juice.
3. 我必須取一個吸管來喝果汁,否則它會在飛船中到處飄。


4. 工作了兩個小時后,我需要鍛煉一段時間來保持肌肉強壯。


5. 我把腿系到一個特殊的機器上以便我不會飄走。

I had to fetch a straw to drink the juice,otherwise it would float around
in the spacecraft.
After I worked for two hours,I needed to work out for some time to
keep my muscles strong.
I tied my legs to a special machine so that I wouldn’t float away.
6. 到了睡覺的時間,我就去一個小櫥柜,鉆進固定在墻上的睡袋里。


When it was time to go to bed,I went into a small cupboard, and got
into a sleeping bag tied to the wall.
三、句間銜接,過渡自然
1. 用獨立主格結構改寫要點1。


2. 用非限制性定語從句改寫要點2。


3. 用現在分詞短語作狀語改寫要點4。


There being no gravity,the most straightforward daily tasks on the
Earth can be very difficult in space.
After getting up, I began to have breakfast,which consisted of some
bread and a bag of fruit juice.
Having worked for two hours,I needed to work out for some time to
keep my muscles strong.
四、檢查謄寫,卷面整潔

  

Sunday 12 April
    There being no gravity,the most straightward daily tasks on the
Earth can be very difficult in space. 
  







  
    After getting up,I began to have breakfast,which consisted of
some bread and a bag of fruit juice.I had to fetch a straw to drink the
juice,otherwise it would float around in the spacecraft.Having worked
for two hours,I needed to work out for some time to keep my muscles
strong.I tied my legs to a special machine so that I wouldn’t float
away.When it was time to go to bed,I went into a small cupboard, and
got into a sleeping bag tied to the wall.I think I must look like a big
sausage.It is so funny,isn’t it? 
Living in space is rather difficult but fun.I enjoy it very much. 
教材詞匯·練續寫
體現學以致用
3

作 描
寫 become accustomed to 習慣于(做)某事
cast a shadow on/over 給……蒙上陰影
scream v.(因疼痛、驚恐、興奮等)尖聲大叫
suspend v.暫停;中止;懸;掛
submit v.提交;呈遞;屈服
sneeze v.打噴嚏
fetch v.(去)拿來
人物 描寫 straightforward adj.簡單的;直接的
crew n.(飛機上的)全體機組人員;全體船員

他 描
寫 詞
匯 hazardous adj.危險的,不安全的
unexceptional adj.平常的
tragically adv.悲慘地,不幸地
instantaneously adv.瞬間地
lifelike adj.(圖畫、模型等)生動的,逼真的
awesome adj.很好的,了不起的
  請從以上語料中選擇合適的詞匯,并用適當的過渡詞完成下
面語段。
  湯姆習慣于在外面的吵鬧聲中做作業。然而,有一天,他聽到一
些人在驚恐地尖叫,他意識到發生了一些危險的事情。然后,空氣中
就彌漫著濃烈的燃燒氣味。湯姆打開公寓門去查看。瞬間,一股濃煙
使他打噴嚏又咳嗽。與此同時,他能感覺到天花板上懸掛的燈在晃
動。原來是一家商店著火了,人們一邊跑一邊尖叫。湯姆沖出門,沿
著走廊穿過煙霧去拿水。不幸的是,他公寓里的家具和書籍都被徹底
燒毀了。半小時后,消防隊員趕到了,所有人都松了一口氣。老實
說,這場火災給他的生活蒙上了一層陰影。
  











    Tom was accustomed to doing his homework with the noise going
on outside.However,one day he heard some people screaming with
terror and realized something hazardous happened.Then a thick burning
smell filled the air.Tom opened the door of his flat to
investigate.Instantaneously,a thick cloud of smoke made him sneeze
and cough.Meanwhile,he could felt the lamp suspended from the ceiling
was shaking.It turned out that a shop had caught fire and people ran
screaming.Tom rushed out the door and along the corridor through the
smoke to fetch water.Tragically,the furniture and the books in his flat
were totally destroyed.Half an hour later, the firefighters arrived.All the
people breathed a sigh of relief.To be honest,the fire cast a shadow on
his life. 
課時檢測·提能力
培育學科素養
4
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
  Recent research has found that Martian soil contains all the essential
nutrients necessary for growing rice, planetary scientist Abhilash
Ramachandran of the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville, reported at
the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, providing new possibilities
for agriculture on the Red Planet.
  The study, conducted by a team of researchers from the University
of Arkansas in Fayetteville, tested simulated Martian soil to determine its
suitability for growing rice. The researchers found that the soil contained
all the essential nutrients needed for the crop to grow.
  However, it would be a bit challenging for the plants to survive in
the soil that has perchlorate, a chemical that has been detected on Mars’
surface and can be poisonous to plants.
  The team grew rice plants in a Martian soil simulant primarily made
of Mojave Desert basalt (玄武巖). However, the new-grown plants
developed slighter shoots and thinner roots than the plants that grew from
the potting mix. Even replacing just 25 percent of the simulant with a
potting mix made a big difference, the team found.
  The team of researchers then conducted an experiment to grow rice in
soil containing perchlorate. They used a wild rice variety and two
genetically edited varieties, which were designed to stand up to
environmental stressors such as drought, and tested them in Mars-
simulated soil with and without perchlorate.
  The study revealed that a concentration of three grams of perchlorate
per kilogram of soil resulted in no growth of rice plants. However, when
the concentration was reduced to one gram per kilogram, one of the
genetically edited lines successfully grew both a shoot and a root, while
the wild variety was only able to grow a root.
  “We want to send humans to Mars but we cannot take everything
there. It’s going to be expensive,” said Ramachandran. The discovery
could be a game-changer for future missions to Mars, as it could enable
astronauts to grow their own food on the planet, reducing the need for
costly and complex resupply missions.
語篇解讀:本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在火星土壤中種植
稻米的可能性以及實驗的經過。
語篇解讀:本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在火星土壤中種植
稻米的可能性以及實驗的經過。
1. How did the researchers conduct their study?(  )
A. By asking questions.
B. By carrying out experiments.
C. By making a case study.
D. By referring to former studies.
解析: 細節理解題。根據第二段第一句可知,研究人員是通過
做實驗進行研究的。
2. The gene-edited variety grows better in one kilogram of soil
containing    .(  )
A. one gram of perchlorate
B. two grams of perchlorate
C. three grams of perchlorate
D. four grams of perchlorate
解析: 細節理解題。根據第六段內容可知,在含有1克高氯酸
鹽的1公斤土壤中基因編輯過的品種長得更好。
3. Why did the researchers want to grow rice on Mars?(  )
A. To find a wonderful way to make money.
B. To support the growing population on Earth.
C. To help astronauts feed themselves on Mars.
D. To enable people to eat new varieties of rice.
解析: 推理判斷題。根據文章末句可推知,研究者想要在火星
上種植水稻是為了幫助宇航員在火星上養活自己。
4. What’s the best title for the text?(  )
A. What Should We Grow on Mars?
B. How Did Martian Soil Change over Time?
C. People Are Likely to Live on Mars Years Later
D. Martian Soil May Have All the Essential Nutrients Rice Needs
解析: 標題歸納題。文章主要介紹了在火星土壤中種植稻米的
可能性以及實驗的經過。因此,D項(火星土壤可能含有水稻所需
的所有必需營養素)為本文最佳標題。
B
  “We are running out of space and the only places to go to are other
worlds ...Spreading out may be the only thing that saves us from
ourselves.I’m convinced that humans need to leave Earth.” These are
the words of the famous scientist Stephen Hawking, spoken at a science
festival in Norway in 2017, a year before his death.
  Hawking was not alone in this view.Many experts feel that the only
way for humanity to last far into the future is to colonize (移民于) other
planets.That way, if a terrible disease, nuclear war or some other
disaster strikes Earth, civilization as we know it would still have a
chance.Mars is one of the most attractive destinations.NASA, the United
Arab Emirates, the private company SpaceX, and the organization Mars
One all have plans to send humans there.“Either we spread Earth to other
planets, or we risk going extinct,” SpaceX founder Elon Musk said at
a conference in 2013.
  But not everyone agrees that colonizing Mars or any other planet is
such a great plan.The most common argument against going is that it’s
just too expensive or dangerous.It will take huge amounts of money and
other resources just to get people there, let alone set up a place for them
to live.It’s not even clear if humans could survive on Mars.One of the
biggest dangers there is deadly radiation that ruins the planet.
  Maybe all the time and money people would pour into a Mars mission
would be better spent on more urgent projects here on Earth, like dealing
with poverty or climate change.Some experts argue that handling a
problem like an asteroid (小行星) strike or disease outbreak while
staying here on Earth would be much easier and less expensive than
surviving on a new planet.
  In addition, moving to a new planet could harm or destroy anything
that already lives there.Mars seems uninhabited, but it could possibly
host micro-organism like.Human visitors may destroy this life or
permanently change or damage the Martian environment.Some feel
that’s too much of a risk to take.
語篇解讀:本文是一篇說明文。文章主要探討了人類應不應該移民
到其他星球,例如火星,持不同觀點的專家們給出了各自的理由。
語篇解讀:本文是一篇說明文。文章主要探討了人類應不應該移民
到其他星球,例如火星,持不同觀點的專家們給出了各自的理由。
5. Why did the author mention NASA, the United Arab Emirates,
SpaceX and Mars One?(  )
A. To stress the risk of dying out on Earth.
B. To provide evidence for Hawking’s theory.
C. To show growing intention of moving to Mars.
D. To explain the advanced technology in astronomy.
解析: 推理判斷題。根據第二段內容可知,作者提到他們,是
在說明越來越多的國家都有移民火星的意愿。
6. What can we learn from the passage?(  )
A. It is costly and risky to colonize Mars.
B. Civilization is difficult to maintain on Earth.
C. Poverty is the most urgent problem to handle.
D. All the time and money should be spent on Earth.
解析: 推理判斷題。根據第三段前兩句可知,移民火星費用
高,風險大。
7. What does the underlined word “uninhabited” in the last paragraph
mean?(  )
A. Not steady to keep.
B. Not fit to live on.
C. Not easy to approach.
D. Not safe to set foot on.
解析: 詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞所在句中的but it could possibly
host micro-organism like可推測,上文意思是火星上沒有人居住,和
下文構成轉折關系。據此猜測uninhabited意為“無人居住的,不適
合人類生活的”。
8. What’s the best title for the passage?(  )
A. Leaving Earth to Other Planets
B. Should We Colonize Mars?
C. New Home on New Planet
D. A Mars Mission Is on the Way
解析: 標題歸納題。通讀全文可知,文章主要探討了人類應不
應該移民到其他星球,例如火星,持不同觀點的專家們給出了各自
的理由。因此B項(我們是否應該移民火星)為文章最佳標題。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
Protecting from above
  A deadly asteroid heading toward the Earth is a common plot in sci-fi
movies. 9.(  ). An increasing number of space agencies are now
taking steps to defend against near-Earth asteroids (NEAs).
  10. (  )
  Wu Yanhua, deputy director of the China National Space
Administration (CNSA), recently told CCTV News that China will
start to build Earth and space-based monitoring and warning systems to
detect NEAs. 11.(  ). In 2025 or 2026, China hopes to be able to
closely observe approaching asteroids before impacting them to change
their path toward our planet.
  Making an impact
  NASA also has its own program for developing technology to deflect
(使轉向) incoming asteroids. On Nov 23, 2021, the Double
Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) was launched to slam into
Dimorphos and change the speed at which it orbits its space neighbor,
Didymos, an asteroid approximately 2,560 feet in diameter (直徑).
12.(  ).
  Global effort
  13. (  ). It also re-launched its Planetary Defense Office in
2021, according to Electronics Weekly. “Restarting the program,
which seeks to communicate with space agencies around the world, is
due to the global character of the dangers we all face due to asteroids,”
said ESA Director General Josef Aschbacher.
A. Plan to protect
B. Taking prompt actions
C. But most people believe this is only an imagination
D. However, this is also a risk we should be worried about in real life
E. They are aimed to classify incoming NEAs depending on the risks they
pose
F. The European Space Agency (ESA) signed a deal to make a
spacecraft for a joint mission with NASA
G. This will help prove out one viable (可行的) way to protect our
planet from a dangerous asteroid
語篇解讀:本文是一篇新聞報道。文章講述了多個國家和組織采取
措施來保護地球免受近地小行星的危害。
語篇解讀:本文是一篇新聞報道。文章講述了多個國家和組織采取
措施來保護地球免受近地小行星的危害。
9. D 根據下句可知,小行星可能在現實中也對地球造成威脅。D項
(然而,這也是我們在現實生活中應該擔心的風險)引起下文。
10. A 根據本段首句中China will start to build ...systems to detect
NEAs以及尾句中China hopes to be able ...toward our planet可知,本段
主要陳述中國防御小行星的計劃措施。A項(計劃保護)符合語境。
11. E 根據上句中China will start to build ...systems to detect NEAs和
下句可知,本句應進一步陳述該監測預警系統的功能和目的。E項
(它們的目的是根據其構成的風險對即將到來的NEA進行分類)承上
啟下。
12. G 根據上句可推斷,下文講的應是雙小行星重定向測試的意
義。G項(這將有助于證明保護我們的星球免受危險小行星襲擊的一
種可行方法)符合語境。
13. F 根據本段標題Global effort以及空后一句中It also re-launched its
Planetary Defense Office in 2021可推斷,空處應是全球合作的一項內
容。F項(歐洲航天局與美國國家航空航天局簽署了一項協議,將制
造一艘用于聯合任務的航天器)引起下文。
Ⅲ.完形填空
  About ten years ago, I was a coach at a certain school in Lupane
District, Zimbabwe.We had an athletic competition in which we were
competing against our neighbouring schools.One of my athletes was far
behind his  14  in a relay race.He was given the baton (接力棒)
too  15  when the front runner was several metres away.He saw
no  16  of catching up with his rival runner who was running in front of
him.He made up his mind to  17  for number two.
    18 , something dramatic happened.That front runner dropped
his baton a few metres from the finish line!The children from my school
started  19  my athlete on so that he could run and beat that front runner
and become number one.My athlete did run; yes he did  20  to really
run fast to catch up.The athlete that had dropped the baton ran back
to  21  the baton before my athlete caught up with him.My athlete was
too  22  to that competitor but he still  23  to run past him in
crossing the finish line!
  That was a very painful  24  for me.So close to victory but still
didn’t take that first position.What if my athlete had kept going within
striking distance?
  Keep training, keep improving your  25 , keep hoping and keep
running hard, one way or the other.The baton sometimes  26  in the
opposition’s camp.Keep within striking distance because you may
never  27  when things will suddenly change in your  28 .
語篇解讀:本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者從接力比賽中得到啟示:
要不斷努力,因為也許事情會有變化。
語篇解讀:本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者從接力比賽中得到啟示:
要不斷努力,因為也許事情會有變化。
14. A. competitor B. champion
C. candidate D. teammate
解析:  根據語境及上文中的against our neighbouring schools可
知,在接力比賽中,作者的一名隊員遠遠落后于對手。
15. A. high B. late
C. quickly D. abruptly
解析:  根據上文中的One of my athletes was far behind可知,比
賽中接力棒交接得太晚了。
16. A. symbol B. signal C. hope D. need
解析:  根據上文中的the front runner was several metres away可
知,作者的隊員沒有希望趕上對手了。
17. A. apply B. struggle
C. stand D. wish
解析:  根據上文中的He saw no  16  of catching up with his
rival runner who was running in front of him.及語境可知,他決心努
力成為第二名。
18. A. Besides B. Therefore
C. Otherwise D. However
解析:  根據語境和上下文內容可知,作者的隊員感到奪冠無
望,然而這時對手的接力棒掉在了地上。
19. A. putting B. bringing
C. cheering D. keeping
解析:  根據語境及上下文內容可知,此處指孩子們開始為作
者的隊員加油打氣。cheer sb on 意為“為(某人)加油”。
20. A. hesitate B. guarantee
C. pretend D. attempt
解析: 此處是說他真的努力跑了。
21. A. pick up B. set aside
C. win back D. hold onto
解析: 上文提到對手把接力棒弄掉了,這里是說他快速跑回
去拾起接力棒。set aside意為“把……放到一旁(或擱到一邊)”;win back意為“把……爭取回來”;hold onto意為“抓緊”。
22. A. similar B. close
C. junior D. friendly
解析: 根據下文So close to victory可知,作者的隊員如此接近
對手。
23. A. refused B. fought
C. failed D. began
解析: 根據轉折連詞but以及下文中的That was a very
painful ...didn’t take that first position.可知,作者的隊員未能超
過對手。
24. A. experiment B. challenge
C. punishment D. experience
解析:  作者的隊員在對手出現失誤的情況下仍沒有超過對
手,這對作者來說是一次非常痛苦的經歷。
25. A. talent B. skills
C. memory D. standards
解析:  此處指繼續訓練,繼續提高技能。
26. A. crashes B. disappears
C. falls D. changes
解析: 此處指對手的接力棒掉了。
27. A. prove B. promise
C. guess D. know
解析: 你也許從不會知道事情什么時候將突然變得對你有利。
28. A. favour B. face
C. honour D. presence
解析: 文中講述的是突然變得對自己有利的情況。in one’s
favour意為“有利于某人”。
Ⅳ.語法填空
  Before the mid-20th century, most people felt travelling into space
was 29.        impossible dream.However, some scientists
determined to help humans realize their dream of exploring space.
  On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite 30.       
(launch) and successfully orbited around Earth.Afterwards,
31.        (astronaut) including Yuri Gagarin and Neil
Armstrong were sent into space.Following this, America’s NASA
launched Voyager 1 on 5 September 1977.
      
  However, exploring space is filled with risks and even disasters,
which make everyone sad and 32.        (disappoint).But
people still believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration.An
example of this ongoing work is the International Space Station.It
33.        (orbit) Earth and has astronauts from different
countries 34.      board, providing a continuous human presence in
space.
  China became the third country in the world to 35.       
(independent) send humans into space in 2003, 36.       
Yang Liwei orbited Earth in the Shenzhou Ⅴ spacecraft.In 2016, China
launched the Tiangong-2 space lab into space, 37.       
(signal) one step further in China’s plan to establish a space station.In
2018, China sent Chang’e 4 38.        (explore) the surface
of the far side of the Moon.
語篇解讀:本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了太空探索的歷史以
及中國在太空探索方面取得的成就。
語篇解讀:本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了太空探索的歷史以
及中國在太空探索方面取得的成就。
      
      
      
29. an 考查冠詞。dream為可數名詞,此處表示“一個不可能的夢
想”,表泛指,又因impossible的發音以元音音素開頭,故填不定冠詞
an。
30. was launched 考查動詞的時態、語態和主謂一致。主語the
Sputnik 1 satellite和launch之間是動賓關系,應用被動語態,且根
據On 4 October 1957可知,此處講述的是過去發生的事情,應用
一般過去時。
31. astronauts 考查名詞的單復數。此處作主語,且根據空后的
including Yuri Gagarin and Neil Armstrong可知,此處應用名詞復數。
32. disappointed 考查詞形轉換。此處為“make+賓語+賓語補足
語”結構,空處和sad并列作賓語補足語,根據everyone 可知,應用形
容詞disappointed,表示“失望的,沮喪的”。
33. orbits 考查動詞的時態、語態和主謂一致。It指代上文中的the
International Space Station,和orbit之間是主謂關系,又根據本句中的
has可知,此處應用一般現在時,故填orbits。
34. on 考查介詞。on board意為“在船(飛機或火車)上”,為固定
搭配,故填介詞on。
35. independently 考查詞形轉換。空處修飾動詞send,應用副詞
形式。
36. when 考查定語從句。空處引導非限制性定語從句,且在從句中
作時間狀語,故填when。
37. signal(l)ing 考查非謂語動詞。signal與其邏輯主語之間是主謂
關系,此處應用動詞-ing形式作狀語,故填signal(l)ing。
38. to explore 考查非謂語動詞。此處應用動詞不定式作目的狀語,
故填to explore。
Ⅴ.讀后續寫
  閱讀下面材料,根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段,使之構
成一篇完整的短文。
  Michael, a 58-year-old man, lives in one of the most magical
places in the world, Honolulu, Hawaii, which is known as an ideal
vacation spot for most Americans. He gets to call this place home. But he
has difficulty finding a regular place to live in. Being a homeless man, he
usually sleeps on the streets and beaches of Honolulu.
  Michael has an interest in baseball, so he often takes advantage of
the wonderful weather to play baseball. That’s how he earns him the
nickname “Baseball Michael”. Many of his friends know where to find
him — in the former Heald College parking garage.There, he practices
his skills, in the hope of making it big one day.
  Several days ago, when Michael was hitting some baseballs, he
lost one in a narrow gap between the parking garage and a drug store next
door. He kept on playing. After losing a total of six balls, he decided to
go down to get them. The gap was so narrow that he wasn’t sure whether
he could squeeze in (擠進去). But realizing those baseballs were his
only possessions, he finally made up his mind to have a try.
  Michael made his way down the gap, but things turned tricky. He
saw it was narrow at the bottom but he thought he was thin enough to enter
it. Moments later, he let out an “uh oh”. Beyond his expectation,
the space was too small for him to fit. However, he kept going with his
eyes on his baseballs. He whispered, “Don’t give up. They are all I
have.”
  As Michael went down a little lower and lower, he realized that
there was no way to return. He had to wait for somebody to rescue him.
As he didn’t bring his mobile phone along, he had to shout as loudly as
he could. However, there was no one answering him. Half an hour
later, he felt extremely thirsty. He was very tired and afraid that he could
no longer hold on. Just when he was about to give up, he heard the sound
of footsteps was approaching.
注意:1.續寫詞數應為 150 左右;
2. 請按如下格式作答。
  A worker named Ray passed by and discovered Michael.                        
  The firefighters arrived at the site soon.                        
 
                       
                       
                      
                      
                      
參考范文:
  A worker named Ray passed by and discovered Michael. “Are you
OK?” Ray asked. “No, I’m trapped and I’m thirsty. Please help
me out,” said Michael in a very low voice. After hearing that, Ray
took out his mobile phone and called one of his colleagues to buy a bottle
of water and a rope. Then Ray, together with his colleague, started
their rescue work. They tried lowering one end of the rope to Michael,
but it was too short for him to grab. After several unsuccessful attempts,
they had to call 911 to rescue Michael.
  The firefighters arrived at the site soon. First, they tried many ways
to free Michael but didn’t make it. The rescue work was getting tougher.
Michael became hopeless and began to cry in panic, “Will I die?”
The firefighters, as well as Ray and his colleague, comforted Michael
continuously. The firemen had to use tools to cut the gap wider. With joint
efforts, Michael managed to get out of the gap. Then he decided not to
do anything dangerous like that. However, fortunately, Ray offered his
spare house to Michael. Michael promised that he would find a job and do
charity in return.
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