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Lesson 4: Don't Smoke, Please!
參考答案
激活基礎
Ⅰ. 任務型完形填空辨識訓練
答案：public
解析：“in public” 是固定短語，意為 “在公共場合”。句意為 “不要推擠，在公共場合排隊等候是有禮貌的”，符合語境。
答案：cigarettes
解析：“cigarette” 意為 “香煙”，是可數名詞。句中 “buy” 后接復數形式表示類別，句意為 “一些國家不允許 16 歲以下的人購買香煙”。
答案：lungs
解析：“lung” 意為 “肺”，此處用復數形式 “lungs”。句中將 “雨林” 比作 “地球的肺”，是固定比喻，符合語境。
答案：breathe
解析：“breathe” 意為 “呼吸”，是動詞。句意為 “20 公里的徒步旅行后，我很難呼吸”，“it's difficult to do sth.” 后接動詞原形。
答案：diseases
解析：“disease” 意為 “疾病”，是可數名詞。句意為 “為了避免疾病，我們飯前應該更仔細地洗手”，用復數形式表示泛指。
答案：laws
解析：“law” 意為 “法律”，是可數名詞。句意為 “許多國家正在制定新的法律來保護自己免受污染”，“new” 后接復數形式表示多項法律。
Ⅱ. 根據句意，用括號內所給單詞的適當形式填空
答案：Smoking
解析：“smoke” 意為 “吸煙”，此處需用動名詞作主語，句首首字母大寫。句意為 “吸煙過多對你的健康有害”。
答案：drinking
解析：“drink” 意為 “喝酒”，“the habit of doing sth.” 是固定搭配，意為 “做某事的習慣”，故用動名詞形式。句意為 “不要養成喝酒的習慣，它對你的健康有害”。
答案：anybody
解析：“somebody” 意為 “某人”，用于肯定句；否定句中需改為 “anybody”。句意為 “媽媽，我沒有人一起玩，我能養個寵物嗎？”
答案：harmful
解析：“harm” 意為 “傷害”，此處需用形容詞 “harmful” 作表語，“be harmful to” 是固定短語，意為 “對…… 有害”。句意為 “二手煙對不吸煙的人有害”。
答案：to read
解析：“encourage sb. to do sth.” 是固定搭配，意為 “鼓勵某人做某事”，故用動詞不定式。句意為 “吳老師總是鼓勵我們在空閑時間讀好書”。
Ⅲ. 語法與情景對話
答案：B
解析：A. “Because”（因為）引導原因狀語從句；B. “As a result”（結果）后接句子，表結果；C. “Because of”（因為）后接名詞 / 短語，表原因；D. “As a result of”（由于）后接名詞 / 短語，表原因。句中 “他們輸了比賽” 是 “玩得太粗心” 的結果，且后接句子，故選 B。
答案：D
解析：第一空：疑問句中用 “anything”；第二空：根據 “yes” 可知有人告訴過他，用 “somebody”。句意為 “—— 湯姆，你知道關于在春晚表演的機器人‘伏羲’的任何事情嗎？—— 知道，因為有人告訴過我”，故選 D。
答案：A
解析：A. “taking risks”（冒險）；B. “trying out”（試驗）；C. “taking breaks”（休息）；D. “giving away”（贈送）。根據 “他不認為在森林里旅行危險” 可知他喜歡冒險，故選 A。
答案：C
解析：“million” 前有具體數字時用單數，后不加 “of”；表示不確定的 “數百萬” 時用 “millions of”。句意為 “每年春節前，數百萬的人乘火車回家”，故選 C。
Ⅳ. 根據所給漢語提示完成下列句子（每空一詞）
答案：stay away from
解析：“遠離” 對應的短語是 “stay away from”，“advise sb. to do sth.” 后接動詞原形。
答案：as a result of
解析：“由于” 對應的短語是 “as a result of”，后接名詞 / 短語，此處接 “smoking”。
答案：get into the habit
解析：“養成…… 的習慣” 對應的短語是 “get into the habit of”，“want sb. to do sth.” 后接動詞原形。
答案：take risks
解析：“冒險” 對應的短語是 “take risks”，從句主語 “they” 是復數，動詞用原形。
答案：against the law
解析：“違法的” 對應的表達是 “against the law”，“against” 意為 “違反”。
知能提升
Ⅴ. 閱讀理解
答案：C
解析：根據短文第一段 “he smoked” 及醫生最后說的 “Your lungs are so black” 可推斷，金先生咳嗽是因為吸煙太多，故選 C。
答案：B
解析：短文中金先生的妻子說 “But I think health is more important”，明確表達了 “健康更重要” 的觀點，故選 B。
答案：C
解析：金先生擔心自己患肺癌，醫生讓他做肺部 X 光檢查，目的是確認他的肺部是否有問題，故選 C。
Ⅵ. 任務型完形填空
答案：for
解析：“for fun” 是固定短語，意為 “為了好玩”，句意為 “一些青少年吸煙只是為了好玩”。
答案：looks
解析：“look cool” 意為 “看起來很酷”，主語 “smoking” 是動名詞，視為單數，謂語用第三人稱單數 “looks”。
答案：harmful
解析：“be harmful” 意為 “有害的”，句意為 “眾所周知，吸煙是有害的，尤其是對學生”。
答案：because
解析：前后句是因果關系，“它對健康有害，因為它會引發疾病”，用 “because” 引導原因狀語從句。
答案：smoking
解析：“protect oneself from doing sth.” 意為 “保護自己免受……”，此處指 “免受吸煙（的危害）”，用動名詞 “smoking”。
答案：from
解析：“stay away from” 是固定短語，意為 “遠離”，句意為 “我們應該遠離吸煙的人”。
答案：cigarette
解析：“offer a cigarette” 意為 “遞煙”，句意為 “當別人給你煙時，你應該拒絕”。
答案：advise
解析：“advise sb. not to do sth.” 意為 “建議某人不要做某事”，“had better” 后接動詞原形。
答案：themselves
解析：句意為 “吸煙不僅傷害他們自己，也傷害周圍的人”，用反身代詞 “themselves” 指代 “they”。
答案：habits
解析：“form good habits” 意為 “養成好習慣”，用復數形式表示泛指，句意為 “希望每個青少年都能養成好習慣”。Lesson 4: Don't Smoke, Please!
激活基礎 15min
Ⅰ. 任務型完形填空辨識訓練
lung, breathe, cigarette, disease, public, law
Don't push. It is polite to wait in line in __________.
Some countries don't allow people under 16 to buy __________.
Rainforests are the __________ of the earth. We should do everything we can to protect them.
It's difficult for me to __________ after the 20 - kilometre hike.
健康生活 To avoid __________, we should wash our hands more carefully before meals.
Many countries are making new __________ to protect themselves from pollution.
Ⅱ. 根據句意，用括號內所給單詞的適當形式填空
7. __________ (smoke) too much does harm to your health.
8. Don't get into the habit of __________ (drink). It's bad for your health.
9. Mom, I don't have __________ (somebody) to play with. Could I have a pet
10. Second - hand smoke is __________ (harm) to people who don't smoke.
11. Miss Wu always encourages us __________ (read) great books in our free time.
Ⅲ. 語法與情景對話
12. The boys played so carelessly in the game yesterday. __________, they lost the game.
A. Because B. As a result
C. Because of D. As a result of
13. 科技前沿 —Tom, do you know __________ about the robot “Fuxi” that performed at China's Spring Festival Gala (春節聯歡晚會)
—Yes. Because __________ told us about it.
A. something; somebody
B. anything; anybody
C. something; nobody
D. anything; somebody
14. —Does Robert think that travelling in the forest is dangerous
—No, he doesn't. He likes __________.
A. taking risks B. trying out
C. taking breaks D. giving away
15. Every year __________ people take the train to go back home before the Spring Festival.
A. five millions of B. million of
C. millions of D. five millions
Ⅳ. 根據所給漢語提示完成下列句子 (每空一詞)
16. 為了保護青少年的視力，專家建議他們遠離電子產品。
To protect teenagers' eyesight, experts advise them to __________ __________ __________ electronic products.
17. 每年，全世界數以百萬的人由于吸煙而死亡。
Every year, millions of people around the world die __________ __________ __________ smoking.
18. 我爸爸想讓我養成閱讀的習慣。
My father wants me to __________ __________ __________ __________ of reading.
19. 你認為富人是因為冒險才變富的嗎？
Do you think the rich are rich because they __________ __________
20. 我們不能酒后駕車，這是違法的。
We mustn't drive after drinking alcohol. It's __________ __________ __________.
知能提升 30min
Ⅴ. 閱讀理解
老煙槍的肺片驚魂 At midnight Mr. King coughed again. He got up and took some medicine. Before lying down again, he smoked. And he couldn't go to sleep any longer. He found the medicine book and began to read it. He was afraid he had lung cancer. He seemed to see death was waiting for him. Tears ran down his face. He didn't notice his wife was standing beside him.
“What's wrong with you, dear ” asked the woman.
“Nothing,” the old man answered and covered his face with his hands.
The woman opened the book and understood at once. She said, “You must stop smoking right now.”
“I began to smoke when I was nine, you know. How can I stop now ”
“But I think health is more important.”
Mr. King coughed again and his wife said, “Go to see a doctor tomorrow. He will be able to help you, I think.”
The doctor told Mr. King to have an X - ray examination of his lungs. And then he looked at the X - ray carefully for a long time.
“Tell me the truth, doctor.” said Mr. King, “Do you see any shadows (陰影) in my lungs ”
“No,” the old man said happily. “Really ”
“Yes. Your lungs are so black. How can I see any shadows ”
閱讀以上短文，根據其內容回答其后各個小題。
( ) 21. Why did Mr. King cough
A. Because he couldn't go to sleep.
B. Because he was afraid to die.
C. Because he smoked too much.
D. Because he was too old.
( ) 22. Who thinks health is more important
A. Mr. King. B. Mr. King's wife.
C. The doctor. D. The old man.
( ) 23. What did the doctor ask Mr. King to have an X - ray examination for
A. To be sure the man would die soon.
B. To stop Mr. King smoking right now.
C. To know if there was something wrong with his lungs.
D. To be sure the man would soon be all right.
Ⅵ. 任務型完形填空
用方框中所給單詞的適當形式填空，使短文通順、正確、連貫，每個單詞限用一次。
they, smoke, advise, for, cigarette,
habit, from, harm, look, because
別讓香煙吞噬青春 Now some teenagers like smoking. Some of them smoke just 24. __________ fun, and some think smoking 25. __________ cool. Others smoke because many people around them smoke.
As we all know, smoking is 26. __________, especially to students. Smoking does harm to brains and it can influence studies. It is bad for health 27. __________ it can cause diseases. So we should protect ourselves from 28. __________.
First, we should learn about the danger of smoking. Second, we should stay away 29. __________ people who smoke. Third, when others offer you a 30. __________, you should refuse to take it. And you'd better 31. __________ them not to smoke. Because when they smoke, it not only harms 32. __________ but also harms the people around them.
I hope every teenager can form good 33. __________.

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