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語法填空
01-2025全國一卷
An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, 1.　　　　　　 originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
　　Go is one of 2.　　　　　　 earliest binary-based(基于二元的) games. The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy,according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition.
　　“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We hope 3.　　　　　　(present) the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.”
“In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ‘4.　　　　　　 (guide)’ till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition.
“The players' personalities 5.　　　　　　 (reveal) during the game, and one's weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always 6.　　　　　　(try) to beat the opponent 7.　　　　　　 no more than one or two points as a gesture(姿態) of respect for the other side.”
Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the 8.　　　　　　(strategy) placement of the pieces, 9.　　　　　　 the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, 10.　　　　　　(digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
答案　
語篇解讀　本文是新聞報道,主要介紹了上海久事美術館舉辦的以中國圍棋為靈感的展覽,該展覽融合多種元素。
1. which　考查定語從句。句意:上海久事美術館正在舉辦一場展覽,展出的藝術作品靈感源自Go,即漢語中的“圍棋”,它于4,000多年前起源于中國。設空處引導非限制性定語從句,對Go進行補充說明,在從句中作主語,故填關系代詞which。
2. the　考查冠詞。句意:圍棋是最早的基于二元的游戲之一。“one of the+形容詞最高級+名詞”表示“最……的……之一”,故填the。
3. to present　考查動詞的非謂語形式。句意:我們希望在視覺情境中呈現頗為抽象的圍棋游戲和人工智能,并引發與極簡主義藝術、概念藝術和表現主義的對話。固定短語hope to do sth.表示“希望去做某事”。
4. guidance　考查詞性轉換。句意:一位參觀展覽的圍棋棋手王偉解釋:“在圍棋游戲中,每一步棋都應服務于一個長遠目標。你設法把對手引入你的陷阱,迫使他遵循你的‘指引’,直至他落敗。”設空處前有形容詞性物主代詞,設空處應用名詞作follow的賓語。故填guidance。
5. are revealed　考查動詞的時態、語態和主謂一致。句意:她補充說:“在游戲過程中,玩家的個性會得以展現,自身的弱點也會暴露給對手。”設空處作謂語,陳述的是客觀事實,應用一般現在時。句子主語The players' personalities表復數意義,且和reveal構成被動關系。故填are revealed。
6. tries　考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。句意:一位有風度的勝者總是會盡量以不超過一兩分的優勢擊敗對手,以此表達對對方的尊重。此處描述一般情況,應用一般現在時。主語A decent winner是單數概念,故填tries。
7. by　考查介詞。by表示“以……之差”。
8. strategic　考查詞性轉換。設空處修飾名詞placement,應用形容詞作定語,表示“戰略性的布局”。故填strategic。
9. and　考查并列連詞。句意:屠表示黑白棋子之間的平衡、棋子戰略性布局之美以及每一步落子后的能量流動,激發了藝術家們為此次展覽創作油畫、雕塑、數字生成的圖片和絲網印制作品的靈感。設空處連接了the balance...、the beauty...和the energy...。
10. digitally　考查詞性轉換。設空處修飾動詞generated,表示“以數字方式”,應用副詞形式。故填digitally。
02-2025全國二卷
I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, 1.　　　　　　 bamboo and tea bushes(灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and 2.　　　　　　 (center) heating doesn't exist.
Nothing in my life before prepared me 3.　　　　　　 this one—and to be sure, the first time I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area. But it's amazing how you can adapt 4.　　　　　　 learn in a new environment. Over time, I've found 5.　　　　　　(I) feeling extremely at home here. And in the process, I've experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent(香味)” of freshly sunned clothes 6.　　　　　　(be) one of them.
Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance 7.　　　　　　 (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine—the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the 8.　　　　　　(absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky 9.　　　　　　(afternoon) with lots of fresh air.
If you've never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt 10.　　　　　　(leave) to sun for a day, well, you're missing out on one of life's wonders.
答案　
語篇解讀　本文是記敘文,講述了一名定居中國的美籍女士在浙江鄉間晾衣后感受到“陽光的味道”。
1. where　考查定語從句。句意:但是現在,我和我的中國丈夫以及他的家人一起生活在中國浙江的農村,在那里,竹子和茶樹在山間肆意生長,雞總是散養著,而且沒有集中供暖。設空處引導非限制性定語從句,先行詞為countryside(指地點),關系詞在從句中作地點狀語,表示“在這里”。故填where。
2. central　考查詞性轉換。設空處修飾名詞heating,應用形容詞形式,表示“集中供暖”。故填central。
3. for　考查介詞。此處表示“我以前生活中的任何事情都沒能讓我為這一次(經歷)做好準備”。prepare sb. for sth.是固定搭配,表示“使某人為某事做好準備”,故填for。
4. and　考查并列連詞。句意:但令人驚奇的是,你在新環境中竟能既適應又學習。adapt和learn是兩個并列的行為動作,應用并列連詞and連接。
5. myself　考查代詞。此處表示“我發現自己在這里就像在自己家一樣”,這里應用myself,表示“我自己”。
6. is　考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。分析句子可知,設空處在句中作謂語,主語是The “sunshine scent”(單數),謂語動詞應用單數形式,此處描述客觀事實,應用一般現在時,故填is。
7. to discover　考查動詞的非謂語形式。分析句子可知,本句的謂語動詞為used,設空處用動詞的非謂語形式作后置定語,修飾chance。chance后常用不定式作后置定語,表示“做某事的機會”。故填to discover。
8. absence　考查詞性轉換。設空處位于定冠詞the后,介詞of前,應用名詞形式,故填absence。
9. afternoons　考查名詞的復數形式。句意:在我居住的地方,太陽曬干的衣服特別好聞,這是因為這里沒有霧霾,卻有許多天朗氣清的下午。根據語境可知,此處指“多個下午”,應用復數形式,故填afternoons。
10. left　考查動詞的非謂語形式。句意:如果你從未體驗過在太陽下曬了一天的床單或襯衫的“陽光香味”,那你就錯過了生活中的一大奇妙之處。設空處位于If引導的條件狀語從句中,從句已有謂語,設空處應用動詞的非謂語形式,且設空處與a sheet or shirt之間為被動關系,應用過去分詞形式,故填left。
2024
01-2024新課標Ⅰ
Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times.
The latest 1.　　　　　　(engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective 2.　　　　　　(function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals(萼片)” made of glass and aluminium(鋁). These sepals open on warm days 3.　　　　　　(give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays 4.　　　　　　(close) to protect the plants.
Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 5.　　　　　　(walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 6.　　　　　　 first time. These plants included modern Western 7.　　　　　　(favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too.
The Glasshouse stands 8.　　　　　　 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing(追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 9.　　　　　　 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 10.　　　　　　(rich) of gardening in England.
語篇解讀　本文是說明文,主要介紹了英國“絲路花園”的整體設計以及其中新建成的玻璃溫室,體現了古絲綢之路對英國園林藝術的獨特影響。
1. engineering　考查詞性轉換。句意:最新的工程技術被應用于創造這種保護性功能結構,這種結構也很漂亮。設空處修飾名詞techniques,表示“工程技術”,應使用名詞形式,意為“工程,工程學”。故填engineering。
2. functional　考查詞性轉換。設空處修飾名詞structure,表示“功能結構”,應使用形容詞形式。故填functional。
3. to give　考查動詞的非謂語形式。句意:這些萼片在溫暖的日子打開,向里面的植物提供陽光和新鮮空氣。設空處作目的狀語, 應使用不定式。故填to give。
4. closed　考查詞性轉換。句意:在寒冷的天氣里,該結構保持關閉狀態以保護植物。設空處為系動詞stays的表語,應使用形容詞形式,表示“關閉的”。故填closed。
5. walks　考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。句意:此外,圍繞溫室的絲路花園使游客走過一段受古絲綢之路影響的旅程,絲綢和許多植物物種都是通過古絲綢之路首次來到英國的。設空處為句子的謂語,主語the Silk Route Garden為單數,且描述的是客觀事實,應用一般現在時。故填walks。
易錯警示　此處walk為及物動詞,意為“使行走”,后面的visitors為其賓語。
6. the　考查冠詞。for the first time為固定搭配,意為“首次”。故填the。
7. favourites　考查名詞的復數形式。句意:這些植物包括現代西方人最喜歡的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。根據后面的such as rosemary, lavender and fennel可知,設空處為名詞的復數形式。故填favourites。
8. as　考查介詞。此處表示這座溫室作為當代設計的偉大成就而佇立。設空處應用介詞,表示“作為”,故填as。
9. that/which　考查定語從句。設空處引導定語從句,在從句中作主語,先行詞為the Silk Route(指物)。故填that或which。
10. richness　考查詞性轉換。根據前面的the和后面的of gardening可知,設空處應使用名詞形式。故填richness。
02-2024新課標Ⅱ
Chinese cultural elements commemorating(紀念) Tang Xianzu, 1.　　　　　　 is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown.
Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common 2.　　　　　　(theme) in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about 3.　　　　　　(be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion(《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways 4.　　　　　　 Romeo and Juliet.”
A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, 5.　　　　　　(inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, 6.　　　　　　(build) at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international 7.　　　　　　(visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed 8.　　　　　　(find) the connection between the two great writers.
9.　　　　　　(recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard Ⅲin Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language 10.　　　　　　 see how Tang’s play was being performed.”
答案
語篇解讀　 本文報道了紀念中國古代作家湯顯祖的雕塑和亭子在英國作家莎士比亞的故居落成的新聞,介紹了這兩位偉大作家之間的相似之處,展現了中西方文化的交流與融合。
1. who　考查定語從句。本句主語為Chinese cultural elements,謂語是add,故設空處引導非限制性定語從句,并在從句中作主語,先行詞為Tang Xianzu (指人)。故填關系代詞who。
2. themes　考查名詞的復數形式。此處為there be結構,設空處作主語,根據系動詞are可知,此空應用名詞的復數形式。 故填themes。
3. were　考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。句意:湯顯祖(那時)正在寫的一些事情也是莎士比亞所關心的。主句為主系表結構,主句主語Some of the things表示復數意義,系動詞應為復數形式。根據常識可知,此處描述的是過去發生的事情,且定語從句使用了過去的某種時態,故設空處用一般過去時。故填were。
4. to　考查介詞。 句意:我碰巧知道湯顯祖的戲劇《牡丹亭》在某些方面與《羅密歐與朱麗葉》相似。be similar to 為固定搭配,意為“與……相似”。故填to。
5. inspired　考查動詞的非謂語形式。句意:兩年后,一座以《牡丹亭》為靈感的六米高的亭子在杉園建成,距離莎士比亞的出生地只有十分鐘的步行路程。本句主語為a six-meter-tall pavilion,謂語動詞為第61空,故設空處應使用非謂語形式。由空后的介詞by可知設空處與pavilion構成被動關系,故用過去分詞形式。故填inspired。
6. was built　考查動詞的時態、語態和主謂一致。上一句出現時間狀語in 2017,因此Two years later指2019年,為過去的時間,故用一般過去時。句子主語a six-meter-tall pavilion是單數形式,謂語動詞應使用第三人稱單數形式,主語和build構成被動關系。故填was built。
7. visibility　考查詞性轉換。此處表示那些文化元素提高了Stratford的國際知名度。設空處作increased的賓語,前面有形容詞international,應用名詞形式。 故填visibility。
8. to find　考查動詞的非謂語形式。be amazed to do sth.意為“驚訝于做某事”。設空處為不定式作amazed的原因狀語。故填 to find。
9. Recalling　考查動詞的非謂語形式。句子主語為Edmondson,謂語為said,故設空處應用非謂語形式作狀語,和Edmondson之間為主動關系,故用現在分詞形式。設空處位于句首,首字母應大寫。故填Recalling。
10. and　考查并列連詞。 句中It作形式主語,to hear...和(to) see...為并列成分作真正的主語,應用and連接。故填and。
2023
01-2023新課標Ⅰ
Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers encasing hot, 1. (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether 2. (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the steam and risking a spill(溢出), 3. to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue(舌頭).
Shanghai may be the 4. (recognize) home of the soup dumpling, but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring ancient canal town of Nanxiang as xiao long bao’s birthplace. There, you’ll find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup—and the wrappers are pressed 5. hand rather than rolled.
Nanxiang aside, the best xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 6. (lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of 7. (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with 8. touch of sweetness, and the surrounding soup hot, clear and delicious.
No matter where I buy them, though, one steamer basket is 9. (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, and so I am always left 10.(want) more next time.
答案
語篇解讀 本文是說明文，主題語境為飲食文化。本文主要講了小籠包的構造、味道和發源地。
1. tasty 考查詞性轉換。句意：小籠包（灌湯包），精致的包子皮包裹著熱騰騰的美味湯汁和香噴噴的新鮮肉餡，無疑是我最愛的中國街邊食物。設空處修飾名詞soup，所以用形容詞tasty。
2. to bite 考查動詞的非謂語形式。句意：要吃一個小籠包，你就必須決定是先咬一小口，讓熱氣散發，同時冒著溢出湯汁的風險，還是把整個包子都放進嘴里，讓熱湯汁在你的舌尖爆開。本句已有謂語have to decide，設空處與whether連用構成“wh-詞+不定式”結構，作decide的賓語，故填to bite。
3. or 考查連詞。句意參見上題解析。此處為whether...or...結構，意為“是……還是……”。
4. recognized 考查動詞的非謂語形式。句意：上海可能是公認的小籠包的發源地，但是食物歷史學家會向你指出上海周邊的古運河小鎮南翔才是小籠包的發源地。設空處位于定冠詞后、名詞前，應使用非謂語形式作定語。設空處與被修飾詞home構成被動關系，應使用過去分詞形式，故填recognized。
5. by 考查介詞。句意：在那里，你會發現它們的做法不同——皮厚湯少——皮是手工壓制的而不是搟的。by hand意為“用手工”。
6. to be lifted 考查動詞的非謂語形式。句意：除了南翔，最好的小籠包有精細的皮，這就使它們能從籠里被提出而不會裂開或者漏餡兒。此處為allow sb./sth. to do sth.結構，to do作賓補，此處表達小籠包被提起，設空處與賓語them構成被動關系，應使用不定式的被動式。故填to be lifted。
7. their 考查代詞。句意參見上題解析。設空處修飾名詞contents，指代xiao long bao,所以需要用形容詞性物主代詞their。
8. a 考查冠詞。 句意：肉應該是新鮮的，有一股香味，包裹的湯汁熱氣騰騰、清澈透亮又美味無比。a touch of表示“一點，些許”。
9. rarely 考查詞性轉換。句意：不管我在哪里買，一籠極少夠吃，但是兩籠又好像多了，所以我總是想下次吃更多。設空處作狀語，所以要用副詞形式。
10. wanting 考查動詞的非謂語形式。句意參見上題解析。“leave+賓語+doing”意為“使某人處于……狀態”。
02-2023新課標Ⅱ
Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach...the animals
Since June 2017, right before the 1. (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 2. (confidence) speaking English. And who do they speak English 3.
Not the pandas, even though 4. language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 5 . (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give 6. (interview) in English with international journalists. This is 7. they need an English trainer.
So, what are they learning 8. (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop 9. to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I 10. (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.
答案
語篇解讀 本文是記敘文，主題語境為社會服務與人際溝通，講述了作者因柏林動物園租借中國大熊貓而教飼養員英語的經歷，這段經歷間接實現了作者兒時想要成為動物飼養員的夢想。
1. arrival 考查詞性轉換。句意：自2017年6月以來，正好在夢夢和嬌慶兩只新的大熊貓到來之前，我一直在幫助動物園的大熊貓飼養員，讓他們在說英語時感到更加放松和自信。設空處作介詞before的賓語，位于冠詞之后、介詞of之前，應該使用名詞形式。故填arrival。
2. confident 考查詞性轉換。句意參見上題解析。設空處與comfortable并列，作feel的表語，應該使用形容詞形式。故填confident。
3. to/with 考查介詞。句意：他們和誰講英語？與speak搭配的應該是介詞to/with。故填to或with。
4. the 考查冠詞。language后面有后置定語，此處特指醫療培訓指令使用的語言，應該使用定冠詞。故填the。
5. visiting 考查詞性轉換。句意：他們和許多國際游客以及來訪的中國動物飼養員交談，這些飼養員經常來查看大熊貓，這些大熊貓是從中國借出的。設空處修飾Chinese zookeepers，應該使用形容詞形式，意為“訪問的，客座的”。故填visiting。
6. interviews 考查名詞的復數形式。句意：他們也需準備好用英語接受國際記者的采訪。interview是可數名詞，前面沒有冠詞或形容詞性物主代詞限定，應使用復數形式。故填interviews。
7. why 考查表語從句。句意：這就是為什么他們需要一位英語培訓師。空后成分完整，空前為系動詞is，故設空處引導表語從句，解釋需要英語培訓師的原因。故填why。
8. Basically 考查詞性轉換。句意：基本上，（學習）如何描述大熊貓的生活。設空處修飾后面整個句子，應該使用副詞形式。設空處位于句首，首字母應大寫。故填Basically。
9. and 考查并列連詞。句意：看到這個大熊貓項目發展以及看到大熊貓們在新家安頓下來是一種榮耀。設空處后面的to see與設空處前面的to watch并列。故填and。
10. wished 考查動詞的時態。句意：當我是個小女孩時，我希望長大后能成為一名動物飼養員。根據前面的As a little girl以及后面的grew up可知設空處應該使用一般過去時。故填wished。
2022
01-2022新高考Ⅰ
The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). 1.　　　　　　(cover) an area about three times 2.　　　　　　 size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 3.　　　　　　(be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority 4.　　　　　　(increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
After a three year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP 5.　　　　　　(design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity(原真性) and integrity of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, 6.　　　　　　 leaving behind precious natural assets(資產) for future generations”. The GPNP's main goal is to improve connectivity between separate 7.　　　　　　(population) and homes of giant pandas, and 8.　　　　　　(eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
Giant pandas also serve 9.　　　　　　 an umbrella species, bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species 10.　　　　　　 live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
答案　
[語篇解讀] 本文為說明文。大熊貓國家公園的建立不僅能保護大熊貓,而且能夠促進該區域所有物種的健康發展。
1.Covering　考查動詞的非謂語形式。the GPNP與設空處為邏輯上的主動關系,且設空處位于句首,故用cover的現在分詞形式(Covering),意為“占地……”。
2.the　考查冠詞。倍數的表達方法:倍數+the+名詞(size/length...)+of。
3.were　考查動詞的時態。根據句子結構可知,此處是that引導的定語從句。根據空格前的先行詞areas及空格后面的previously unprotected 可知,此處填were,構成一般過去時的被動語態。
4.to increase　考查動詞的非謂語形式。根據句意可知,把很多現存的大熊貓保護區統一管理起來是為了提高效率和減少不一致的管理。此處用動詞不定式作目的狀語。
5.is designed　考查動詞的時態、語態和主謂一致。本句表述事實,故用一般現在時;此處與主語構成被動關系,表示“大熊貓國家公園被設計來反映……的指導原則”,故用被動語態;主語The GPNP為第三人稱單數,故填is designed。
6.and　考查并列連詞。leaving behind...與protecting the authenticity...、preserving biological...、protecting ecological...是順承關系,作of的賓語。
7.populations　考查名詞。根據空格后的and homes可知,此處需要填名詞復數形式。
8.eventually　考查副詞。設空處修飾achieve,用副詞形式。
9.as　考查固定搭配。serve as 充當,擔當。
10.that　考查定語從句。從句中缺主語,先行詞是the species,且先行詞前有all修飾,關系詞用that。
02-2022新高考Ⅱ
　　Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth floor apartment balcony(陽臺), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2 metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the 1.　　　　　　(fall) child.
Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK.
2.　　　　　　 Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell 3.　　　　　　(sleep) while watching TV.
Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up 4.　　　　　　(see) them. When he looked down, he 5.　　　　　　(accidental) slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes 6.　　　　　　 screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him.
Henry 7.　　　　　　(fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly 8.　　　　　　(throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.
“He saved my 9.　　　　　　(son) life,” said Mrs. Brown. “I don't know 10.　　　　　　 to thank him.”
“I just didn't want the boy to be hurt,” said Henry.
答案　
[語篇解讀] 本文為記敘文。文章講述了一位叫Henry的小伙子勇敢、及時地救下從陽臺跌落的孩子的事跡。
1.falling　考查動詞的非謂語形式。此處為現在分詞作定語,表示“正在跌落的孩子”,因此用falling。
2.The　考查冠詞。The Brown family表示“布朗一家”,故用定冠詞The。
3.asleep　考查詞性轉換。動詞轉換為形容詞。設空處與fell(fall)構成固定搭配fall asleep,意為“睡著,入睡”。
4.to see　考查動詞的非謂語形式。此處為不定式作狀語。前面一系列動作的目的是“看見”,因此填to see。
5.accidentally　考查詞性轉換。形容詞轉換為副詞。Eric本想向外看,卻“意外地”滑落,此處用副詞修飾動詞,填accidentally。
6.and　考查連詞。本句中hung on與screamed是兩個順承的動作,故填并列連詞and。
7.was fixing　考查動詞時態和主謂一致。be doing...when 表示一個動作正在進行,這時另一個動作突然發生。語境為Henry正在修車,這時他突然聽到尖叫聲。全文整體時態為過去時態且主語為第三人稱單數,故填was fixing。
8.threw　考查動詞時態。本句體現救人的動作。設空處與and后面的started并列,作本句的謂語。全文整體時態為過去時態,故填過去式threw。
9.son's　考查名詞所有格。他救了“我”兒子的性命。save one's life為固定短語,意為“挽救某人的生命”。故填所有格son's。
10.how　考查與不定式連用的疑問詞。設空處與后面的不定式構成固定結構,在本句中作know的賓語,意為“不知道如何感謝他”,因此填how。
2021
01-2021新高考Ⅰ
　　Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles' song “The Long and Winding Road”. 1.　　　　　　 is so breathtaking about the experience is the out of this world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we 2.　　　　　　(human)are.
The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will 3.　　　　　　(undoubted)help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the 4.　　　　　　(hot) the spring! Strange, isn't it But that's how nature is—always leaving us 5.　　　　　　(astonish).
What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can't help wondering how hard it 6.　　　　　　(be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure 7.　　　　　　 offers a place where you can sit down to rest your 8.　　　　　　(ache)legs.
As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor's memory. It sure does in 9.　　　　　　(I). While you're in China, Mount Huangshan is 10.　　　　　　 must to visit!
答案　
[語篇解讀] 本文為記敘文。作者主要描述了自己游覽黃山的經歷。
1.What　本題考查名詞性從句。句意:這次經歷的激動人心之處在于這極美的景色。“　　　 is so breathtaking about the experience”為主語從句,該從句中缺少主語,且設空處表示“事物”,故填What。
2.humans　本題考查名詞的“數”。句意:一旦你站在山頂上,你看到的滾滾云海會提醒你,我們人類是多么渺小。設空處作“we”的同位語,且設空處后的謂語動詞是“are”,由此可知,設空處需填名詞復數形式,故填humans。
3.undoubtedly　本題考查副詞。句意:毫無疑問,它會幫助你恢復精力!設空處作狀語,需用副詞形式,故填undoubtedly。
4.hotter　本題考查形容詞。句意:這個溫泉的神奇之處在于(周圍環境的)溫度越低,這個溫泉的溫度就越高!根據本句中的“the colder the temperature gets”可知在設空處填hotter。
5.astonished　本題考查動詞的非謂語形式作賓補。句意:但是大自然就是這樣——總是讓我們驚訝。設空處作賓補,意為:感到驚訝的,故填astonished。
6.was　本題考查時態。句意:你會不禁想到當時的人們把那些石頭鋪好是多么困難。根據本句中的“for the people then to put all those rocks into place”可推知設空處介紹的是過去的情況,需用一般過去時,故填was。
7.and　本題考查連詞。句意:雖然這是你在上山路上見到的唯一非自然景觀,但它仍然是整個險途中的亮點,并給(由于爬山)腿疼的旅客提供了一個歇腳的地方。設空處前后的謂語動詞“highlights”與“offers”為遞進關系,故填并列連詞and。
8.aching　本題考查動詞的非謂語形式作定語。設空處作定語,修飾legs。被修飾詞legs與ache為邏輯上的主動關系,故填現在分詞aching。
9.mine　本題考查代詞。句意:正如歌中所唱,這條漫長并曲折的道路“永遠不會消失”,它將永遠留在游客的記憶中。它肯定會留在“我”的記憶中。設空處填mine代替my memory。
10.a　本題考查冠詞。句意:當你在中國的時候,黃山是一定要去參觀的!設空處后的must為名詞,意為:必須做的事。在本句中must表示泛指,需與不定冠詞連用,故填a。
02-2021新高考Ⅱ
　　I've always loved the ocean. In the 1.　　　　　　(seven) grade, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, 2.　　　　　　(think)it is food.
I decided to do something 3.　　　　　　(educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company 4.　　　　　　 used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.
One day, I saw a commercial for a health care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws(吸管). I found the contact information of the company 5.　　　　　　 emailed its president. I told him how 6.　　　　　　(harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco friendly options. I was so 7.　　　　　　(excite) when he wrote back to me. He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.
I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to 8.　　　　　　 (be) Alaska Airlines. A company 9.　　　　　　 (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over 10.　　　　　　 plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.
答案　
[語篇解讀] 本文為記敘文,介紹了作者為減少塑料垃圾所做出的努力。
1.seventh　考查序數詞。句意:七年級的時候,我開始在加利福尼亞州的蒙特雷灣水族館做志愿者。 表示“七年級” 用序數詞。
2.thinking　考查動詞的非謂語形式。句意:當我得知許多海洋動物吃塑料垃圾,以為那是食物時,我很難過。think與其邏輯主語many sea animals之間是主動關系,故用現在分詞。
3.to educate　考查動詞的非謂語形式。句意:我決定做一些事情來教育人們了解這個問題。空格處作目的狀語,故填to educate。
4.that/which　考查定語從句。句意:我決定,如果我得知有哪家公司大量使用塑料,我就給它發郵件,敦促它減少塑料的使用。定語從句的先行詞為a company,設空處在定語從句中作主語,指物,故填which或that。
5.and　考查連詞。句意:我找到了這家公司的聯系方式,并給公司總裁發了電子郵件。“found”和“emailed”之間是并列關系,用and連接兩個并列的謂語動詞。
6.harmful　考查形容詞。句意:我告訴他塑料對環境多么有害,并請他考慮使用更環保的選擇方案。該處為“how+adj.”結構,故填harmful。
7.excited　考查形容詞。句意:當他給我回信時,我很興奮。該空作was的表語,用形容詞,修飾人,表示“興奮的”,故填excited。
8.was　考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。句意:我給寫過信的最大的公司之一是阿拉斯加航空公司。 根據定語從句的謂語動詞“wrote”可知這里描述發生在過去的事情,用一般過去時;“one of+the+形容詞最高級+可數名詞復數”結構后謂語動詞用單數,故填was。
9.representative　考查名詞。句意:一位公司代表回信告訴我,該航空公司將把每天1200個航班的塑料杯換成紙杯。該空作句子主語,用名詞,前面有不定冠詞修飾,用名詞單數,故填representative。
10.from　考查介詞。句意:一位公司代表回信告訴我,該航空公司將把每天1200個航班上的塑料杯換成紙杯。 from...to...從……到……。
2020
01-2020新高考Ⅰ
　　Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, 1.　　　　　　(wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big 2.　　　　　　 until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 3.　　　　　　(form) the core collection of the British Museum 4.　　　　　　 opened in 1759.
The parts of a museum open to the public 5.　　　　　　(call)galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum's collection 6.　　　　　　(be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.
Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模擬) and imagine 7.　　　　　　(they)living at a different time in history or 8.　　　　　　(walk) through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the city's Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical 9.　　　　　　(accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete 10.　　　　　　 people's spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.
答案　
[語篇解讀] 本文為說明文。文章介紹了博物館藏品的由來、藏品的展覽方式以及博物館給人們提供的各種體驗。
1.wealthy　考查形容詞。句意:在18世紀和19世紀,富裕的人們旅游的同時也收集植物、有歷史的東西和藝術品。設空處作people的定語,此處用形容詞作定語,故填wealthy。
2.or　考查連詞。句意:他們把自己的藏品留在家里,直到藏品變得太多或者他們去世,然后這些藏品被捐給一家博物館。根據句意可知,設空處前后兩個時間狀語從句為選擇關系,故用or。
3.formed　考查動詞的時態。句意:例如,Hans Sloane爵士收集的八萬件藏品成了大英博物館的核心藏品,該博物館于1759年開放。設空處的動詞作謂語,根據語境可知應使用一般過去時態,故填formed。
4.which/that　考查定語從句。設空處為引導定語從句的關系詞,先行詞是the British Museum,將先行詞代入定語從句后為:The British Museum opened in 1759,關系詞在定語從句中作主語,故填which或that。
5.are called　考查動詞的時態、語態和主謂一致。句意:博物館對公眾開放的部分被稱為展覽館或展覽室。設空處的動詞作謂語,因為陳述客觀事實,所以應該使用一般現在時態。主語the parts of a museum和動詞call之間為被動關系且表示復數概念,故填are called。
6.is　考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。句意:通常,博物館的藏品只有一小部分被展出。設空處的動詞作謂語,因為陳述客觀事實,所以應該使用一般現在時態。主語為單數概念,故填is。
7.themselves　考查代詞。句意:除了觀賞展品,游客(還)可以玩電腦模擬(游戲),想象他們自己生活在一個不同的歷史時期或漫步在熱帶雨林中。設空處作imagine的賓語,當主語visitors 和賓語是同一群人時,要用反身代詞作動詞imagine的賓語。
8.walking　考查動詞的非謂語形式。設空處與前面的living并列。故填walking。
9.accuracy　考查名詞。句意:歷史的準確性很重要但是娛樂也很重要。設空處在句中作主語,故填accuracy。
10.for　考查介詞。句意:為了(獲取)人們的閑暇時間和金錢,博物館必須和其他娛樂活動展開競爭。compete for意為“爭奪”。故填for。
02-2020新高考Ⅱ
　　These days, it is not unusual for 10 to 12 year olds to publish their own websites or for second and third graders 1.　　　　　　(begin)computer classes. At the same time, computer games are becoming increasingly popular as major publishing houses continue to develop 2.　　　　　　(education)computer programs for children in preschool. Also, technological know how has become a 3.　　　　　　(require)for most jobs in an increasingly digital world, as the computer has become a common tool in most 4.　　　　　　(profession).
The Digital World is a set of volumes 5.　　　　　　 aim to describe how digital systems influence society and help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their many interacting parts. Each volume in the set explores 6.　　　　　　 wide range of material, explains the basic concepts of major applications of digital systems, 7.　　　　　　 discusses the influences they have on everyday life. Because the number of possible topics 8.　　　　　　(be)practically limitless, we focus on a sample of the most interesting and useful applications and tools and explain the basic principles of technology. Readers 9.　　　　　　(encourage)to continue exploring the digital world with the guidance of 10.　　　　　　(we)Further Resources section featured in each volume.
答案　
[語篇解讀] 本文為說明文。文章主要介紹了《數字世界》叢書的出版背景和目的等方面的信息。
1.to begin　考查動詞的非謂語形式。句意:如今,10到12歲的孩子發布自己的網站,二年級和三年級學生開始上計算機課,這些都很常見。本題考查“it is +adj.+ for sb. to do sth.”結構,該結構中it作形式主語,真正的主語為不定式。
2.educational　考查詞性轉化。此處表示“主要出版社繼續為學前兒童開發寓教于樂的電腦程序”。修飾名詞computer programs,需用形容詞形式。
3.requirement　考查詞性轉化。句意:此外,在日益數字化的世界中,技術知識已成為大多數工作的必備條件,因為計算機已成為大多數職業的通用工具。動詞become后可接名詞作賓語,根據前面的不定冠詞a可知,用名詞的單數形式。
4.professions　考查名詞的數。 名詞profession為可數名詞,根據前面的修飾詞most可知應使用其復數形式。
5.that/which　考查定語從句。句意:《數字世界》是一套旨在描述數字系統如何影響社會并幫助讀者理解數字系統的本質及其眾多交互部分的叢書。設空處為引導定語從句的關系詞,先行詞是volumes,將先行詞代入定語從句后為:A set of volumes aim to describe how digital systems influence society and help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their many interacting parts.關系詞在定語從句中作主語,指物。
6.a　考查冠詞。句意:叢書中的每卷都探索了各種材料、解釋數字系統的主要應用程序的基本概念并討論了它們對日常生活的影響。a range of一系列。wide的發音以輔音音素開頭,用不定冠詞a。
7.and　考查連詞。discusses與explores和explains并列。
8.is　考查時態和主謂一致。句意:因為可能的主題的數量幾乎是無限的,所以我們關注最有趣和最有用的應用程序和工具的一個樣本,并解釋技術的基本原理。the number of... 表示“……的數目”,后接可數名詞的復數形式,謂語動詞用單數。根據文章中的時態可知,用一般現在時。
9.are encouraged　考查時態和語態。句意:我們鼓勵讀者繼續探索數字世界,并在每一卷的“參考資料”部分提供指導。主語Readers與encourage之間為被動關系,所以用被動語態。根據文章中的時態可知,用一般現在時。
10.our　考查代詞。修飾Further Resources section,應用形容詞性物主代詞。
課標全國卷（2015—2024）
2024
2024全國甲
Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level,the national parks,in particular,tend 1.　　　　　　(catch)our attention because of their large size and variety.They are 2.　　　　　　 (treasure) of American heritage(遺產). How did the national park system come about
On a cool,starry night in mid-September 1870,four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in 3.　　　　　　 is now northwestern Wyoming. They 4.　　　　　　(be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.
What should 5.　　　　　　(do) with such a beautiful place They wondered out loud. This area, with 6.　　　　　　(it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved 7.　　　　　　 all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park. They all agreed and vowed (承諾) to promote the idea at the 8.　　　　　　(complete) of their journey. Their promotional work paid off. Two years later,18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became the first national park in the United States and the world. Yellowstone was the 9.　　　　　　(large) United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 10.　　　　　　 became a national monument in 1978,took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
答案
語篇解讀　本文是說明文,主要介紹了美國國家公園制度是如何產生的。
1. to catch　考查動詞的非謂語形式。句意:盡管有各種規模、各種類型的公園,但國家公園因其規模龐大,種類繁多尤其容易引起我們的注意。tend to do sth.意為“往往會做某事”。故填to catch。
2. treasures　考查名詞的復數形式。句子主語為They,系動詞為are,故此處表語應為名詞的復數形式。故填treasures。
3. what　考查賓語從句。句意:在1870年9月中旬一個涼爽的、繁星滿天的夜晚,在位于現在的懷俄明州西北部的火洞河邊四個男人在營火前放松。設空處引導的從句作介詞in的賓語,從句中缺少主語,表示“……的地方”,故填what。
4. were　考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。本句主語為They,系動詞應為復數形式,由上一句中的in mid-September 1870可知應用一般過去時。故填were。
5. be done　考查被動語態。句中What作主語,設空處與之構成被動關系,應使用被動語態。should為情態動詞,后面跟動詞原形。故填be done。
6. its　考查代詞。 with為介詞,其后的賓語為beauty,設空處應用形容詞性物主代詞來修飾beauty。故填its。
7. for　考查介詞。此處表示供全國人民欣賞,for后接對象,表示“給,供”。
8. completion　考查詞性轉換。句意:他們都同意并承諾在旅程結束后推廣這一想法。空前有定冠詞the,空后有介詞of構成所有格,應使用名詞形式。故填completion。
9. largest　考查形容詞的比較等級。此處表示黃石公園是美國最大的國家公園。large為形容詞,空前有定冠詞the,此處用形容詞的最高級。故填largest。
10. which　考查定語從句。設空處引導非限制性定語從句,先行詞為Wrangell-Saint Elias(指物),設空處在從句中作主語。故填which。
2023
01-2023全國乙
Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong 1. royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully 2. (build) system of ring roads.
But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 3. welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural 4. (wonder)standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
It is a distinct visual contrast(反差）that shouldn’t work, 5. somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 6. (visit)several times over the last 10 years, I 7. (amaze)by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage(遺產）while constantly growing. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 8. (record)everything I discovered.
The 9. (remark)development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, 10. (mean)there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
答案
語篇解讀 本文是說明文，主題語境為社會進步與人類文明。文章主要介紹了北京是一座結合了古代和現代的城市，成功地將古代的遺產與現代化的發展融合起來。
1. to 考查介詞。句意：從佛教寺廟到博物館，從狹窄的胡同到皇家宮殿，它擁有3,000多年的輝煌歷史，甚至單從它的布局來看，這座城市一直保持著精心建造的環城道路系統。短語from...to...意為“從……到……”。故填to。
2. built 考查動詞的非謂語形式。句意參見上題解析。build與system of ring roads為被動關系，故用過去分詞作定語。故填built。
易錯警示 該空易誤填building。building system意為“建筑系統”，該短語為名詞短語，不可用副詞carefully來修飾。
3. that/which 考查定語從句。句意：除了它的全部古建筑，北京也是一個樂意接納現代生活快節奏發展的地方，21世紀的建筑奇觀與過去的歷史建筑并存。設空處引導定語從句，從句中缺少主語，先行詞為表示事物的名詞place，故填that或which。
4. wonders 考查名詞的復數形式。句意參見上題解析。形容詞architectural后接名詞，wonder意為“奇觀”，為可數名詞，故用其復數形式。故填wonders。
5. but/yet 考查連詞。句意：這是一種鮮明的視覺對比，本來是行不通的，但不知何故，這兩個截然不同的世界卻很好地結合在了一起。設空處前后為轉折關系，故填but或yet。
6. Having visited 考查動詞的非謂語形式。句意：在過去的10年里，我已經參觀了幾次，我驚訝于新舊共存，以及一個城市如何能在不斷發展的同時保存如此豐富的遺產。設空處為非謂語形式作狀語，邏輯主語I與動詞visit之間為主動關系，又根據時間狀語over the last 10 years可知，此處應該用現在分詞的完成式，并且該空位于句首，首字母應大寫。故填Having visited。
7. was amazed 考查動詞的時態、語態和主謂一致。句意參見上題解析。設空處作句子謂語，空前提到在過去的10年里，“我”已經參觀了幾次，所以此處應是過去感到驚訝，應用一般過去時，又因主語I與動詞amaze之間為被動關系，所以設空處應用一般過去時的被動語態。主語是I，故填was amazed。
8. recording 考查動詞的非謂語形式。句意：作為一名攝影師，我把過去的兩年時間用于記錄我發現的一切。本句已有謂語動詞have spent，設空處應用動詞的非謂語形式。spend time (in) doing sth. 為固定用法，意為“花費時間做某事”。故填recording。
9. remarkable 考查詞性轉換。句意：這座城市的顯著發展是有意設計的，目的是在步入現代世界的同時保護過去，這意味著這里總是有新的東西等待被發現，我可能會在接下來的50年里一直拍攝北京。形容詞修飾名詞development，故填remarkable，意為“非凡的，奇異的，顯著的，引人注目的”。
10. means 考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。句意參見上題解析。設空處作句子的謂語。該句的主語The remarkable development of this city為單數形式，而且該句描述的是客觀事實，所以應用一般現在時。故填means。
02-2023全國甲
For thousands of years, people have told fables（寓言） 1. （teach）a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the 2. (six) century B.C. Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 3. Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.”
Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fables. In fact, her style and tone（口吻） are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America 4. all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings,”her fable begins, 5. (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 6. (intend) for everyone.
7. (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 8. saving their environment.
The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty 9. (warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still 10. (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
答案
語篇解讀 本文是一篇議論文，主題語境為文學名著，主要介紹了Rachel Carson在《明天的寓言》中使用簡單、直接的風格來警告社會面臨的環境危險，并教導人們必須負責拯救自己的環境。
1. to teach 考查動詞的非謂語形式。句意：幾千年來，人們通過講述寓言故事來給人教訓或傳承智慧。本句已有謂語have told，設空處應用動詞的非謂語形式作目的狀語，故應使用動詞不定式。也可以根據并列連詞or與其后面的“to pass on wisdom”確定使用動詞不定式。故填to teach。
2. sixth 考查序數詞。句意：寓言是許多口頭流傳的早期文化的一部分，著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前六世紀。此處表達“公元前六世紀”，應使用序數詞。故填sixth。
3. as 考查關系詞。句意：然而，正如Rachel Carson在她的《明天的寓言》中所說，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有價值。根據句子結構可以判斷，設空處前面是主句，設空處引導定語從句；這里表示“正如，正像”，應用as引導定語從句。故填as。
4. where 考查定語從句。句意：“在美國的中心地帶曾經有個城鎮，在這個城鎮里，所有的生命似乎都能與周圍的環境和平共處”，她的寓言是這樣開頭的，從許多古老的寓言中借用了一些熟悉的話語。設空處引導定語從句，先行詞為town(指地點)，關系詞在從句中作狀語，相當于in the town。故填where。
5. borrowing 考查動詞的非謂語形式。句意參見上題。本句已有謂語begins，設空處應用動詞的非謂語形式作狀語，所給提示詞borrow與邏輯主語her fable之間是主動關系，應使用動詞-ing形式。故填borrowing。
6. intended 考查形容詞。句意：然而，在這種簡單的風格背后是所有人都需要認真思考的信息。本句有系動詞is和主語a serious message，此處為形容詞短語作定語，修飾message。intended for sb.意為“為某人打算（或設計）的”。故填intended。
7. Different 考查詞性轉換。句意：與傳統的寓言不同，Carson的故事以譴責結束，而不是教益。different from為固定搭配，意為“與……不同”。故填Different。
8. for 考查介詞。句意：她警告（人們）社會面臨的環境危險，并教導人們必須負責拯救自己的環境。take responsibility for doing sth.為固定搭配，意為“承擔做某事的責任”。故填 for。
9. warning 考查詞性轉換。句意：然而，Carson的主題是一種更為沉重的對環境破壞的警告。根據設空處前面的a more weighty（冠詞+形容詞比較級）和后面的介詞about可以確定此空應該用名詞。故填warning。
10. be employed 考查被動語態。句意：Carson證明，一種世代相傳的簡單文學形式今天仍然可以被用來引起人們對重要事實的關注。設空處作謂語，賓語從句的主語a simple literary form與所給提示詞employ構成被動關系，應使用被動語態。該空位于情態動詞can后，故填be employed。
2022
01-2022全國乙
　　May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially 1.　　　　　　the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate 2.　　　　　　festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society 3.　　　　　　(address) the opening ceremony. “As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the 4.　　　　　　(large) tea producing country, China has a 5.　　　　　　(responsible) to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a 6.　　　　　　(share) future for mankind,” he said.
The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued(發布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation 7.　　　　　　cultural exchanges. A four year tea promotion—Tea Road Cooperative Plan—was also issued in accordance with the initiative.
8.　　　　　　(strengthen) the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, 9.　　　　　　(invite) twenty nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled(揭幕) at the ceremony, opening 10.　　　　　　(it) first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu'er Tea.
答案　
[語篇解讀] 本文為說明文。聯合國設立國際茶日,為慶祝此節日,中國開展了一系列活動。
1.by　考查介詞。由句意可知,國際茶日是由聯合國正式命名的。by可表示“由;被”。be named by表示“由……命名”。
2.the　考查冠詞。上文提到了這個節日(國際茶日),此處是特指,故用定冠詞the。
3.addressed　考查動詞時態。中國文化促進會會長在開幕式上發表演講。設空處作謂語,又與段尾的said相呼應,表示過去的動作,故用一般過去時。
4.largest　考查形容詞最高級。在一個大范圍內(此處指在世界范圍內的各個國家中),表示“最”的概念時,應該填最高級。
5.responsibility　考查詞性轉換。空前有冠詞a,此處應用可數名詞的單數形式,故填responsibility。
6.shared　考查動詞的非謂語形式。a shared future一個共同的未來。設空處修飾名詞future,share和future之間為被動關系,故用過去分詞作前置定語。
7.and　考查連詞。此處意為“促進國際合作和文化交流”,設空處前后的名詞短語為并列關系,因此用and。
8.To strengthen　考查動詞的非謂語形式。此處表示目的,應填to strengthen作狀語,表示“為了加強……”;因位置在句首,首字母要大寫。
9.inviting　考查動詞的非謂語形式。此處為現在分詞作伴隨狀語。“活動”和“邀請”之間為主動關系,所以用現在分詞。
10.its　考查代詞。設空處與后文的first一起修飾名詞exhibition,故用形容詞性物主代詞its。
02-2022全國甲
　　A visually challenged man from Beijing recently hiked(徒步) 40 days to Xi'an, as a first step 1.　　　　　　(journey) the Belt and Road route(路線) by foot.
On the 1,100 kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, 2.　　　　　　 lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation 3.　　　　　　(hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute(致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 4.　　　　　　 friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.
Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental 5.　　　　　　(protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more 6.　　　　　　(meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40 day journey.
In the last five years, Cao 7.　　　　　　(walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa's 8.　　　　　　(high) mountain.
Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4,700 kilometers 9.　　　　　　 Xi'an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, 10.　　　　　　(plan) to hike back to Xi'an in five months.
答案　
[語篇解讀] 本文為記敘文。文章講述的是一位盲人在朋友的陪伴下徒步40天從北京走到了西安并沿途做環保的經歷。
1.to journey　考查動詞的非謂語形式。此處journey是動詞,意為“沿……旅行”,由于本句已出現謂語hiked,此處應用不定式作定語,修飾a first step。
2.who　考查定語從句。設空處引導非限制性定語從句,先行詞為人,關系詞在從句中作主語,故用who。
3.held　考查動詞的非謂語形式。hold與前面的the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation構成邏輯上的被動關系,因此用過去分詞held作后置定語。
4.A　考查冠詞。空后有單數可數名詞friend,設空處表示“一個”,故用不定冠詞a;設空處在句首,要大寫。
5.protection　考查詞性轉換。environmental 為形容詞,修飾名詞,故填protect的名詞形式。environmental protection意為“環境保護”。
6.meaningful　考查詞性轉換。even more可修飾形容詞或者副詞,結合空前的make the hiking trip可知設空處作賓語補足語,故用形容詞。
7.has walked　考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。由前面的時間狀語In the last five years可知,此處要用現在完成時,主語為第三人稱單數,故填has walked。
8.highest　考查形容詞最高級。由語境和常識可知,此處用highest表示“非洲最高的山”。
9.from　考查介詞。此處表示從出發地到目的地,應用“from...to...”結構。
10.planning　考查動詞的非謂語形式。本句已有謂語flew, 此空作伴隨狀語,plan與He為邏輯上的主動關系,故填planning。
2021
01-2021全國乙
　　Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影響) travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 1.　　　　　　(educate) about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 2.　　　　　　(develop)of the local areas.
Ecotourism has 3.　　　　　　(it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept 4.　　　　　　 the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.
Due to 5.　　　　　　 growing popularity of environmentally related and adventure travel, various types 6.　　　　　　 trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco friendly trip must meet the following principles:
●Minimize the impact of 7.　　　　　　(visit) the place.
●Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.
●Provide 8.　　　　　　(finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
●Make sure that the tourism provides positive experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.
Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. 9.　　　　　　(activity)there range from whale watching to hiking(遠足) and accommodations aim 10.　　　　　　(have)a low impact on the natural environment.
答案　
[語篇解讀] 本文為說明文。文章講述了生態旅游的情況。
1.educated　考查形容詞。句意:它不同于傳統的旅游,因為它能讓旅行者了解這個地區——無論是地理條件還是文化特色方面,而且經常為保護提供資金,并有利于當地的發展。固定搭配become educated about表示“對……有所了解”。
2.development　考查名詞。設空處前面是冠詞the,后面是介詞of,且該短語作動詞benefits的賓語,因此需填develop的名詞形式(development)。
3.its　考查代詞。句意: 生態旅游起源于20世紀70年代的環境運動。設空處修飾名詞,要用形容詞性物主代詞,因此使用it的形容詞性物主代詞形式(its)。
4.until　考查介詞。句意:直到20世紀80年代末,作為一種旅游理念,它才被廣泛接受。“not...until...”為固定結構,意為“直到……才……”。因此填until。
5.the　考查冠詞。句意:由于與環境相關的旅行和冒險旅行越來越受歡迎,現在各種類型的旅行正被歸類為生態旅游。設空處后的growing popularity在本句中表示特指,因此使用定冠詞the。
6.of　考查介詞。此處用of表所屬關系,various types of為固定結構,意為“各種類型的……”。
7.visiting　考查動詞的非謂語形式。句意:盡量減少參觀這個地方帶來的影響。設空處作介詞of的賓語,因此使用visit的動名詞形式(visiting)。
8.financial　考查形容詞。句意:為當地人提供財政援助和其他好處。設空處修飾名詞aid,需用形容詞,因此使用finance的形容詞形式(financial)。
9.Activities　考查名詞復數。句意:那里包含從觀賞鯨魚到遠足的活動,膳宿力求對自然環境產生很低的影響。謂語動詞range用的是復數形式,所以主語activity需用復數形式,因此使用activities。
10.to have　考查動詞的非謂語形式。aim to do sth.力求做某事,因此使用不定式形式(to have)。
02-2021全國甲
　　The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It 1.　　　　　　(build) originally to protect the city 2.　　　　　　 the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored(修復). It is possible 3.　　　　　　(walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall.
After 4.　　　　　　(spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what 5.　　　　　　(good) than to ride on a piece of history!
We 6.　　　　　　(hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky 7.　　　　　　 did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all 8.　　　　　　 way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and 9.　　　　　　 (watchtower) to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 10.　　　　　　(day) routines.
答案　
[語篇解讀] 本文為記敘文。作者主要以游客在西安城墻騎行的角度介紹了西安城墻。
1.was built　考查動詞的時態和語態。此處表示“它被建造”。主語it與build為被動關系;再根據the Tang dynasty可知設空處需用一般過去時,故填一般過去時的被動語態(was built)。
2.in　考查介詞。關注設空處的句法功能。設空處與后面的“the Tang dynasty”構成介詞短語,意為“在唐朝”,故填介詞in。
3.to walk　考查動詞的非謂語形式。It is possible (for sb.) to do sth.為固定句式,故填to walk。
4.spending　考查動詞的非謂語形式。此處表示“在花了一些時間看了城墻所有的防御設施后,我們決定該采取一些行動了”。設空處作介詞after的賓語且主語we與spend為邏輯上的主動關系,故填動名詞spending。
5.better　考查形容詞。此處表示“有什么比在歷史遺跡上騎行更好呢”。根據設空處后的“than”可知應在設空處填形容詞的比較級形式(better)。
6.hired　考查動詞的時態。句意:我們在南城門租車處租了自行車。根據后句My bike was old...中的was可知設空處需用一般過去時,故填hired。
7.but　考查連詞。句意:我的自行車又舊又晃,但是還能工作。設空處前后為轉折關系,故填連詞but。
8.the　考查冠詞。句意:我們一路環繞西安城墻花費了約3個小時。all the way為固定短語,意為:一路上。故填the。
9.watchtowers　考查名詞復數。句意:據說你花2個小時就能游完,但是我們在不同的門、瞭望塔前停下來照相,或只是看當地人做他們的日常事務。根據and前的different gates可知設空處需填名詞復數watchtowers。
10.daily　考查形容詞。設空處作routines的定語,需用形容詞形式,故填daily。
2020
01-2020全國Ⅰ
　　China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang'e 4 probe(探測器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess—1.　　　　　　(touch)down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon's far side is 2.　　　　　　(extreme) challenging. Because the moon's body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 3.　　　　　　 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 4.　　　　　　(interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(環形山), more so 5.　　　　　　 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang'e 4 6.　　　　　　(find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists,”Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it 7.　　　　　　(mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 8.　　　　　　(construct).” Data about the moon's composition, such as how 9.　　　　　　 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 10.　　　　　　(it)plans for a future lunar(月球的)base are practical.
答案　
[語篇解讀] 本文為說明文。文章主要講述了中國發射的嫦娥四號無人探測器在月球背面成功著陸的重大事件。
1.touched　考查時態。句意:無人探測器嫦娥四號——名字的靈感來源于古代的中國月亮女神——上周在南極—艾特肯盆地著陸。根據時間狀語last week可知設空處需用一般過去時。
2.extremely　考查副詞。句意:降落在月球的背面是極其有挑戰性的。設空處作狀語,修飾形容詞challenging,需用副詞形式。
3.where　考查定語從句。中國首先必須把一顆人造衛星送入月球軌道上的一個位置,人造衛星可以在這個位置向航天器和地球發射信號。設空處引導定語從句,先行詞為spot,將先行詞代入定語從句后為:It could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth in the spot.設空處作地點狀語,故填where。
4.interest　考查名詞。月球背面尤其讓科學家感興趣。設空處作介詞of的賓語,根據提示詞可知設空處需填名詞形式;此外“be of+抽象名詞”也是固定結構。
5.than　考查介詞。此處表示“因為它比人們熟悉的月球正面有更多的深環形山”。根據設空處前的more可知填介詞than。
6.to find　考查不定式。句意:中國的研究者希望使用嫦娥四號上的器械來發現和研究南極—艾特肯盆地的地區。設空處作目的狀語,主語Chinese researchers與find為邏輯上的主動關系,故填不定式的主動形式to find。
7.means　考查時態和主謂一致。根據語境及設空處后賓語從句中的謂語動詞have可知設空處需用一般現在時;主語it為第三人稱單數,故填means。
8.is constructed　考查語態和主謂一致。句意:布朗大學的一位科學家Carle Pieters說:“這真的使科學家們激動,因為它意味著我們有機會獲得有關月球的構建方式的信息。”主語the moon與construct為被動關系,故設空處需用被動語態,主語為the moon,謂語動詞應用第三人稱單數形式。
9.much　考查限定詞。句意:關于月亮構造的數據,比如它含有多少水和其他財富,可以幫助中國確定它未來的月球基地的計劃是否可行。設空處后的名詞ice作“冰”講時為不可數名詞,根據上下文可知設空處填much。
10.its　考查代詞。設空處作名詞plans的定語,故需用形容詞性物主代詞;根據提示詞it可知設空處填its。
02-2020全國Ⅱ
Decorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year is a 1.　　　　　　(celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 2.　　　　　　(carry) special significance. They represent the earth 3.　　　　　　(come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:
Oranges: Orange trees are more 4.　　　　　　 decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times 5.　　　　　　(decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and offices. 6.　　　　　　(certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 7.　　　　　　 health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy 8.　　　　　　(care) for and make great presents.
Branches of Plum Blossoms(梅花): The 9.　　　　　　(beauty) long branches covered with pink colored buds(蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are 10.　　　　　　 first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
答案　
[語篇解讀] 本文是說明文。文章介紹了中國的新年標志著冬季的結束和春季的開始,因此春節期間用植物、水果、花朵裝飾皆有特殊意義。文章還介紹了三種在中國受歡迎的植物:橘子樹、竹子、梅花。
1.celebration　考查詞性轉換。句意:中國新年是一個標志著冬季結束和春季開始的慶祝活動。根據句子結構可知,設空處被前面的冠詞a限定,作表語,需要用所給詞的名詞形式。故填celebration。
2.carries　考查主謂一致。句意:這就是用植物、水果和鮮花裝飾具有特殊意義的原因。根據句子結構可知,設空處在從句中作謂語。由上下文可知,此處應使用一般現在時,且該從句的主語為前面的動名詞短語“decorating with plants, fruits and flowers”,屬于第三人稱單數概念。故填carries。
3.coming　考查動詞的非謂語形式。句意:它們代表著大地的復蘇和對新開端的最好的祝愿。根據句子結構可知,設空處在句中作謂語動詞represent的賓語,需使用所給詞的動名詞形式,the earth是其邏輯主語。故填coming。
4.than　考查固定搭配。句意:橘子樹不僅僅是裝飾品……。根據句子意思可知,設空處與前面的more連用,表示“不只是”。故填than。
5.decorated　考查動詞的非謂語形式。句意:它們是很好的禮物,你會經常看到它們被紅包和好運的信息裝飾著。根據句子結構可知,設空處與后面的介詞短語一起作賓語them的補足語。them與所給詞decorate之間為被動關系,需用過去分詞。故填decorated。
6.Certainly　考查詞性轉換。句意:當然在假日期間,這種植物是必不可少的。根據句子結構可知,設空處作狀語,修飾后面整句話,需用所給詞的副詞形式,故填Certainly。
7.with　考查固定搭配。句意:竹子與健康、富足和幸福的家庭聯系在一起。設空處與前面的are associated連用,表示“與……相關聯的”。故填with。
8.to care　考查動詞的非謂語形式。句意:它們很容易打理,也很適合作為禮物。“be+表示難、易、好、壞等的形容詞”,后面需用不定式的主動形式(to do)表示被動意思。故填to care。
9.beautiful　考查詞性轉換。句意:美麗的長枝上覆蓋著粉紅色的花蕾,這是極好的裝飾。根據句子結構可知,設空處與long一起修飾后面的名詞“branches”,需用所給詞的形容詞形式。故填beautiful。
10.the　考查定冠詞。句意:雪還在融化時,梅花樹是第一個開花的。the first to do sth.表示“第一個去做……的”,需填定冠詞the。
03-2020全國Ⅲ
　　In ancient China lived an artist 1.　　　　　　 paintings were almost lifelike. The artist's reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait(畫像)done so he called all great artists to come and present their 2.　　　　　　(fine)work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would 3.　　　　　　(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's chief minister, the old man laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River—perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.
Filled with 4.　　　　　　(curious), the artist packed his bags and left. 5.　　　　　　 he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(傳奇的)artist, they smiled and 6.　　　　　　(point) down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out 7.　　　　　　(find) the well known painter. As the small boat moved 8.　　　　　　(gentle)along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds 9.　　　　　　(surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled(謙卑) by the greatest artist 10.　　　　　　earth, Mother Nature.
答案　
[語篇解讀] 本文是一篇記敘文。中國古代有一位畫家自以為藝術造詣很高,但是一次經歷讓他明白了什么是最偉大的畫家。
1.whose　考查定語從句。句意:在中國古代有一位畫家,他的畫栩栩如生。設空處引導的是定語從句,修飾先行詞an artist。將先行詞代入從句后為:The artist's paintings were almost lifelike.由此可知引導詞在從句中充當定語,所以要用關系代詞whose。
2.finest　考查形容詞。一天,皇上想找人給他畫像,于是他召集來所有的優秀畫家來展示他們最好的作品。根據語境可知此處應該用形容詞的最高級形式,故填finest。
3.be chosen　考查動詞的語態。這位畫家確信自己會被選中。設空處是謂語動詞,與he之間是被動關系,且情態動詞would后跟動詞原形。故填be chosen。
4.curiosity　考查名詞。句意:心中充滿了好奇,這位畫家收拾好行囊就出發了。設空處充當with的賓語,所以要用所給詞的名詞形式。故填curiosity。
5.When/As　考查狀語從句。當他向江岸上的村民們打聽那位傳奇畫家住在哪里時

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