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第3單元　社會服務(wù)與人際溝通
限時訓(xùn)練2
限時30分鐘
Ⅰ　閱讀理解
A
　　On December 23, 2022, Alexander and Andrea Campagna answered a hurried knock at their door. Their home near Buffalo, New York, was struck by a deadly snowstorm, and a group of nine South Korean tourists (and their driver) were trapped. The Campagnas welcomed them in and hosted them for a weekend. What followed was a heartwarming story of sympathy and hospitality. By the end of their time with their guests, Alexander and Andrea planned on visiting South Korea. This wasn't an empty promise, either; the couple recently reunited with their friends in their home country.
Alexander and Andrea boarded a ship on a 10-day all-expenses-paid tour of Seoul as guests of the Korea Tourism Organization. It was a reward for the Buffalo couple's kindness and an opportunity to promote travel to the country. The visit included a series of Korean culture as well as its natural beauty. The Campagnas went to the 14th-century Gyeongbokgung Palace, walked through Gwanghwamun Square, and generally received the star treatment. They dined at Michelin-recommended restaurants and went on private tours. This also included a mountain hike and a visit to the Demilitarized Zone.
The wonderful trip was made complete with a reunion with six of the nine tourists who had come to their door five months earlier. They shared a four-course meal at a restaurant in a traditional Korean house overlooking the grand Changdeokgung Palace. There were happy tears; but most of all, there was gratitude. Everyone felt like the chance meeting was a fate (命運的安排).
“To see everyone in Korea again is such a blessing,” Andrea told reporters in Seoul. “We've always had an appreciation of and interest in Korea. They ended up in the right place at the right time. Now we have people we can call friends for a lifetime.”
1.What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 1
A.The weather conditions in Buffalo, New York.
B.South Korean tourists' desire to visit New York.
C.An incident before the Campagnas made their plan.
D.A promise made by Alexander and Andrea Campagna.
2.During their stay in Seoul the Campagnas 　　　　　.
A.were well treated wherever they went　　　　B.spent much money on the sightseeing
C.revelled little but rested much at hotels　　　　D.stayed with the nine South Korean tourists
3.What's the common feeling of the nine tourists and the Campagnas
A.Concerned.　　　　B.Grateful.　　　　C.Anxious.　　　　D.Tolerant.
4.Which of the following can best agree with the story
A.A friend in need is a friend indeed.
B.God helps those who help themselves.
C.Where there is a will there is a way.
D.One good turn deserves another.
B
　　For 85 years, the Harvard Study of Adult Development has tracked an original group of 724 men and more than 1,300 of their male and female descendants (后代) over three generations, asking thousands of questions and taking hundreds of measurements to find out what really keeps people healthy and happy.
Through all the years of studying these lives, one crucial factor stands out for the consistency and power of its bond to physical health, mental health and longevity: good relationships.
In 2008, researchers telephoned the wives and husbands of Harvard Study couples in their 80s every night for eight nights. Researchers spoke to each partner separately and asked them a series of questions about their days.
On days when these men and women spent more time in the company of others, they were happier. Like most older people, those in the Harvard Study experienced day-to-day rises and falls in their levels of physical pain and health difficulties. But researchers found that the people who were in more satisfying relationships were cushioned (緩和打擊) somewhat from these ups and downs of moods—their happiness did not decline as much on the days when they had more pain. Simply put, their happy marriages seemed to have a protective effect.
Elizabeth Gillespie, a therapist of couples, stated that although most of us found that our experience of relationships might be hard, and at times, impossible, it is essential to our well-being.
Today we live in much more complicated environments, so meeting our social needs presents different challenges. We might be sitting on a gold mine of vitality that we are not paying attention to, because it is hidden by the shiny appeal of smartphones or pushed to the side by work demands.
5.What's the purpose of the Harvard Study of Adult Development
A.To study their lives over three generations.
B.To reveal the secret to health and well-being.
C.To track the descendants of an original group.
D.To study the relationship between health and happiness.
6.How did the researchers carry out the study
A.By working with other researchers.　　　　B.By tracking specific groups of people.
C.By helping participants with social difficulties.　　　　D.By comparing the results from different people.
7.Why did the author mention the examples in Paragraph 4
A.To provide evidence for the bond between health and longevity.
B.To introduce the concept of physical pain and health difficulties.
C.To show the negative impact of unhappy marriages on older people's mood.
D.To support the positive impact of satisfying relationships on people's lives.
8.According to Elizabeth Gillespie, what is essential to our well-being
A.Having good social connections.　　　　B.Declining pains and difficulties.
C.Overcoming ups and downs of moods.　　　　D.Experiencing rises and falls of physical health.
Ⅱ　七選五
　　Your neighbors are probably the first line of defense in case of any problematic situation. 1.　　　 It gives you an assurance that you have people close by looking out for you. Here are easily appropriate tips on creating stronger neighbor relationships.
The first step is introducing yourself when you move to a new neighborhood or when a newcomer moves in. Leave them a note under their door to introduce yourself. 2.　　　 It doesn't have to cost you a fortune and opting for a potted plant or baked biscuits will do. These actions present excellent opportunities to connect with them.
Be respectful of your neighbors. It's in poor taste to have regular insensitive parties at your place causing disturbance. Before your party, it's good practice to notify your neighbors. Besides, avoid chatting them up for hours on end, which may be inconvenient, especially if you don't know their schedules. 3.　　　 When you borrow anything, return it in due time. If you accidentally break their things, replace them without being asked to.
4.　　　 You could offer to babysit your neighbors' kids, help with snow removal or even keep an eye on their home when they're away. Such acts of reaching out to your neighbors make for stronger relationships.
As Emma Sepp l put it, “Social connectedness generates a positive feedback loop (圈) of social, emotional and physical well-being.” It feels so easy to just stay home without having to engage with your neighbors but connecting with them is worth the effort. 5.　　
A.Remember every small gesture counts.
B.A crisis is a test of communication skills.
C.It can actually boost your mood in the long run.
D.Slipping it in their mailbox further solidifies friendship.
E.It's essential to ensure you maintain decent relationships with them.
F.Alternatively, you can give them a gift while making yourself known to them.
G.Only by establishing healthy boundaries will you achieve peaceful coexistence.
Ⅲ　完形填空
　　Outside Brian Peterson's apartment, a homeless man was often yelling on the street corner. Peterson sometimes passed by, but they never 　1　.
One day, Peterson was reading a book about the power of love in action, when his quiet was again disturbed by the man. Inspired by the book, Peterson made a(n) 　2　 decision to go outside and introduce himself. He learned that the man, Matt Faris, had come to pursue a music career, but soon fell on hard times and 　3　 living on the street.
“It was 　4　 that I saw beauty on the face of a man who hadn't shaved in probably a year,” Peterson recalled later in an interview. “And I even offered to paint his portrait, even though I hadn't picked up a 　5　 in years.”
Peterson's connection with Faris led him to 　6　 a nonprofit which focused on befriending and painting portraits of the homeless. He usually chooses 　7　 inspired by the model's life story. He showed one man 　8　 his battle with alcoholism, for example, by changing the colors from a sad blue to a joyful red.
Each portrait, signed by both the 　9　 and the artist, is for sale. Half of the income is put into a “l(fā)ove 　10　” for the model. He aims to help the homeless 　11　 immediate necessities and get back on their feet. Faris used the funds from his portrait to record a(n) 　12　, fulfilling his musical dreams.
But there's more to the portraits than the 　13　 brought to someone down-and-out. The buyers tend to 　14　 the subject in the painting, finding similarities and often friendship with someone they might have 　15　 overlooked.
1.A.spoke　　　　B.quarreled　　　　C.quit　　　　D.met
2.A.final　　　　B.tough　　　　C.unexpected　　　　D.quick
3.A.got down to　　　　B.ended up　　　　C.got away with　　　　D.gave up
4.A.strange　　　　B.wonderful　　　　C.awful　　　　D.awkward
5.A.skill　　　　B.pen　　　　C.book　　　　D.paintbrush
6.A.inspire　　　　B.found　　　　C.consult　　　　D.contact
7.A.paintings　　　　B.scenes　　　　C.colors　　　　D.characters
8.A.fighting　　　　B.winning　　　　C.losing　　　　D.facing
9.A.subject　　　　B.painter　　　　C.customer　　　　D.seller
10.A.message　　　　B.affair　　　　C.expression　　　　D.account
11.A.secure　　　　B.seek　　　　C.donate　　　　D.share
12.A.story　　　　B.film　　　　C.experience　　　　D.album
13.A.profit　　　　B.benefit　　　　C.money　　　　D.attention
14.A.inquire about 　　　　B.connect with　　　　C.get along with　　　　D.come across
15.A.finally　　　　B.definitely　　　　C.otherwise　　　　D.seldom
答案全解全析
限時訓(xùn)練2
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
語篇解讀　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了美國紐約的Campagna夫婦和九名韓國游客的故事。在暴風(fēng)雪天氣下,Campagna夫婦善良地收留了韓國游客,而后又被他們邀請去韓國旅游,并且受到了盛情的款待。
1.C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段可知,2022年12月23日,Alexander和Andrea Campagna的家鄉(xiāng)遭遇了嚴重的暴風(fēng)雪天氣,并且有九名韓國游客和他們的司機被困。Campagna夫婦歡迎他們,并招待他們過了一個周末。最后引出韓國游客邀請他們?nèi)ロn國旅行并兌現(xiàn)諾言的故事。因此,作者想要告訴讀者的是Campagna夫婦去韓國旅游前發(fā)生的事件。故選C。
易錯分析
　　推理判斷題不是事實細節(jié)題,不能因為第一段談到了天氣就錯選A項;更不能因為文中提到了promise就選D項(Campagna夫婦做出的承諾)。本題所要推斷的答案是作者寫第一段的目的:交代后文Campagna夫婦韓國之行的故事背景。
2.A　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“The Campagnas went to the 14th-century Gyeongbokgung Palace, walked through Gwanghwamun Square, and generally received the star treatment. They dined at Michelin-recommended restaurants and went on private tours.”可知,Campagna夫婦參觀了建于14世紀的景福宮,步行穿過光化門廣場,受到了明星般的待遇,他們在米其林推薦的餐廳用餐,并參加私人旅游。所以,在首爾游玩期間,無論走到哪里,Campagna夫婦都受到了盛情的款待。故選A。
3.B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句“There were happy tears; but most of all, there was gratitude. Everyone felt like the chance meeting was a fate (命運).”可知,他們心懷感激。每個人都感覺這次偶遇是命運的安排。所以,他們的共同感受是感激。故選B。
4.D　推理判斷題。本文第一段講述了Campagna夫婦在暴風(fēng)雪天收留了九名韓國游客的事;第二段講述了Campagna夫婦應(yīng)邀到韓國后的具體的旅行過程;第三段講述Campagna夫婦與其中六名游客在韓國重聚;最后一段講述了Andrea認為這次的經(jīng)歷讓他們獲得了一份一生的友誼。綜上可知,Campagna夫婦善良的行為為他們贏得了回報。所以,D項“善有善報”符合這個故事的核心思想。A.患難見真情;B.天助自助者;C.有志者,事竟成。
熟詞生義
1.host 熟義:n.主人;節(jié)目主持人 v.主辦,主持(活動)
生義:v.作為主人組織(聚會);做東
2.course 熟義:n.課程;航線　生義:n.一道菜
B
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了哈佛大學(xué)成人發(fā)展研究機構(gòu)所進行的一項研究,他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個影響健康和幸福的重要因素:良好的社交關(guān)系。
5.B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“...taking hundreds of measurements to find out what really keeps people healthy and happy.”可知,Harvard Study of Adult Development進行了數(shù)百次測量,目的是找出真正讓人們保持健康和快樂的因素。所以,“揭示健康和幸福的秘訣”就是該研究的目的。故選B。
技巧點撥
　　關(guān)于調(diào)查和研究類的說明文,通常會在文章的開頭交代調(diào)查和研究的目的及結(jié)果。
6.B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“In 2008, researchers telephoned the wives and husbands of Harvard Study couples in their 80s every night for eight nights.”可知,2008年,哈佛大學(xué)研究人員連續(xù)八晚每晚給參與研究的那些八十多歲夫婦的妻子和丈夫打電話。所以,研究者開展研究的方式是追蹤這些八十多歲的夫婦,也就是通過“追蹤特定群體”來實施研究。故選B。
易錯分析
　　本題易錯選D項,主要原因在于學(xué)生忽視原文,主觀臆斷。縱然該類研究經(jīng)常使用對比的研究方式,但是本文使用的是追蹤樣本進行分析的研究方式。
7.D　推理判斷題。本文前四段的脈絡(luò)如下:
綜上可知,此處通過具體的例子說明幸福的婚姻對健康長壽有積極作用是為了進一步證實令人滿意的關(guān)系對人們生活的積極影響。故選D。
8.A　推理判斷題。
①根據(jù)題干中的“Elizabeth Gillespie”可將答案定位到第五段。
②根據(jù)第五段“...although most of us found that our experience of relationships might be hard, and at times, impossible, it is essential to our well-being.”可知,雖然我們大多數(shù)人發(fā)現(xiàn)我們的人際關(guān)系經(jīng)歷可能很難,有時甚至是不可能的,但它對我們的幸福是必要的。畫線處it代指our experience of relationships,所以Elizabeth Gillespie 認為擁有好的社交關(guān)系對幸福是必不可少的。故選A。
難句分析
原句　But researchers found that the people who were in more satisfying relationships were cushioned (緩和打擊) somewhat from these ups and downs of moods—their happiness did not decline as much on the days when they had more pain.
分析　本句為主從復(fù)合句。that引導(dǎo)賓語從句,“who were in more satisfying relationships”為who引導(dǎo)的定語從句,修飾先行詞people,“when they had more pain”為when引導(dǎo)的定語從句,修飾先行詞days,破折號起解釋說明的作用。
譯文　但研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),那些擁有更令人滿意的關(guān)系的人稍微少受情緒起伏的影響——他們的幸福感在他們更痛苦的時候并沒有下降那么多。
Ⅱ.七選五
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如何與鄰居建立良好的人際關(guān)系。
①通讀全文,把握文章大意和文章結(jié)構(gòu)
文章大意:與鄰居建立更好的人際關(guān)系的建議
文章結(jié)構(gòu):總—分—總
總——Para. 1:鄰里關(guān)系的重要性
分——Paras. 2-4:與鄰居建立更好的人際關(guān)系的建議
總——Para. 5:與鄰居處好關(guān)系有益于個人情緒的提升
②通讀選項,了解各選項的中心點,畫出關(guān)鍵詞
A.Remember every small gesture counts.(小舉動)
B.A crisis is a test of communication skills.(危機)
C.It can actually boost your mood in the long run.(提升情緒)
D.Slipping it in their mailbox further solidifies friendship.(助人與友誼)
E.It's essential to ensure you maintain decent relationships with them.(確保保持良好的關(guān)系是重要的)
F.Alternatively, you can give them a gift while making yourself known to them.(送禮物與介紹自己)
G.Only by establishing healthy boundaries will you achieve peaceful coexistence.(保持健康的邊界與和平共處)
③把選項一一代入文章空處,尋找每個題最適合的選項
1.E　細節(jié)句。根據(jù)前一句“萬一出現(xiàn)任何問題,你的鄰居可能是第一道防線。”可知,鄰里關(guān)系很重要。結(jié)合各選項中心點可知,E項“確保你與他們保持良好的關(guān)系是至關(guān)重要的。”符合語境,能夠與上文銜接。E項中的“them”與空前的“Your neighbors”相對應(yīng)。
2.F　細節(jié)句。根據(jù)下文“It doesn't have to cost you a fortune and opting for a potted plant or baked biscuits will do.”可知,你不用花很多錢,選擇盆栽植物或烤餅干就可以了。這里的盆栽植物和烤餅干便是要送給鄰居的禮物。所以設(shè)空處需要含有“禮物”或者“送禮物”的選項。結(jié)合各選項的中心點可知,F項的關(guān)鍵詞“送禮物與介紹自己”符合語境,此外,F項中的“a gift”與空后的“It”相對應(yīng)。
3.G　過渡句。本段的主旨句為“Be respectful of your neighbors.”,所以后文要寫尊重鄰居的具體表現(xiàn)。設(shè)空處前講到聚會要提前通知鄰居,不要連續(xù)幾個小時和他們聊天,設(shè)空處后講到借任何東西時,要及時歸還。結(jié)合各選項中心點來看,G項“只有建立健康的邊界,你才能實現(xiàn)和平共處。”能承上啟下,符合語境。
4.A　主旨句。后文提到你可以幫忙照看鄰居的孩子,幫他們掃雪,甚至在他們不在的時候幫他們照看房子,這種向鄰居伸出援手的行為可以建立更牢固的關(guān)系。這些都是幫助鄰居的小舉動,結(jié)合各選項中心點來看,A項“記住,每一個小舉動都很重要。”能引起下文,可以概括后文的幫忙看孩子、掃雪等行為,符合語境。
5.C　主旨句。根據(jù)前文中的“Social connectedness generates a positive feedback loop (圈) of social, emotional and physical well-being”和“connecting with them is worth the effort”可知,社會聯(lián)系產(chǎn)生了社會、情感和身體健康的積極反饋循環(huán),與他們(鄰居)聯(lián)系是值得的。所以本段講的是與鄰居聯(lián)系的益處。結(jié)合各選項的中心點來看,C項“從長遠來看,它實際上可以提升你的情緒。”符合語境。C項中的“boost your mood”與空前的“a positive feedback loop”相對應(yīng)。
熟詞生義
due 熟義:adj.由于;因為　生義:adj.預(yù)定的;預(yù)期的
Ⅲ.完形填空
語篇解讀　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了畫家Brian Peterson在與流浪漢Matt Faris相識后,他成立了一個專門與無家可歸人士交友并為他們畫像的非營利組織,并利用售賣肖像的錢幫助他們重新振作起來的故事。
1.A　根據(jù)后文的“Peterson made a(n) 　2　 decision to go outside and introduce himself”可知,Brian Peterson決定到外面做自我介紹,說明他們以前不認識,沒有交流過,沒說過話。speak說話;quarrel吵架;quit離開;meet見面。故選A。
2.C　根據(jù)前文的“Peterson sometimes passed by, but they never 　1　.”可知,Brian Peterson有時從此人面前路過,但是卻沒交流過。所以,他這次主動到外面做自我介紹的決定是出乎意料的。final最終的;tough艱難的;unexpected出乎意料的;quick快的。故選C。
3.B　根據(jù)前文的“had come to pursue a music career”可知,Matt Faris最初是來追求音樂事業(yè)的,現(xiàn)在卻流落街頭。所以“最終,最后”符合語境。get down to著手處理;end up最終成為;最后處于;get away with逃脫懲罰;give up放棄。故選B。
4.A　根據(jù)后文的“I saw beauty on the face of a man who hadn't shaved in probably a year”可知,Peterson在一個大概一年沒刮胡子的男人臉上看到了美。這與人們的常識相悖,所以說這件事是奇怪的。strange奇怪的;wonderful美妙的;awful 可怕的;awkward令人尷尬的。故選A。
5.D　根據(jù)前文的“And I even offered to paint his portrait”可知,Peterson主動提出為他畫像,所以,他需要拿起的是畫筆。skill技能;pen鋼筆;book書;paintbrush畫筆。故選D。
6.B　根據(jù)后文的“a nonprofit which focused on befriending and painting portraits of the homeless”可知,這是一個專注于與無家可歸人士交友及為他們畫像的非營利組織。與“非營利組織”搭配的動詞應(yīng)是“創(chuàng)建”。inspire啟發(fā);found創(chuàng)建;consult 咨詢;contact聯(lián)系。故選B。
7.C　根據(jù)后文的“changing the colors from a sad blue to a joyful red”可知,Peterson根據(jù)模特的生活故事來選擇顏色。painting繪畫;scene場景;color顏色;character文字。故選C。
8.B　根據(jù)后文的“changing the colors from a sad blue to a joyful red”可知,顏色從悲傷的藍色變成了快樂的紅色,說明這個男人戰(zhàn)勝了酗酒。fight打架;win贏得;lose輸?shù)?face面對。故選B。
9.A　根據(jù)最后一段中的“The buyers tend to 　14　 the subject in the painting”可知,每幅畫像都有繪畫題材,所以每幅畫像是在被標出了繪畫題材和藝術(shù)家后才被出售的。subject繪畫題材;painter畫家;customer客戶;seller賣者。故選A。
10.D　根據(jù)前文可知,該組織的目的是幫助那些無家可歸的人,所以,他們畫像的銷售收入的一半會存入(所繪畫)模特的“愛心賬戶”。message消息;affair事務(wù);expression表達;account賬戶。故選D。
11.A　根據(jù)后文的“immediate necessities and get back on their feet”可知,他的目標是幫助無家可歸的人獲得即時的必需品以及幫助他們重新振作起來。secure獲得;seek尋找;donate捐贈;share分享。故選A。
12.D　根據(jù)后文的“fulfilling his musical dreams”可知,Faris實現(xiàn)了他的音樂夢想,故他錄制的是一張專輯。story故事;film電影;experience經(jīng)歷;album音樂專輯。故選D。
13.C　根據(jù)上文“Half of the income is put into a ‘love 　10　’ for the model.”可知,Brian Peterson通過銷售肖像畫給窮困潦倒的人錢。所以,對于這些畫像來說,還有比給窮困潦倒的人錢更有意義的事。profit利潤;benefit益處;money錢;attention注意。故選C。
14.B　根據(jù)設(shè)空處所在句“The buyers...finding similarities and often friendship with someone they might have 　15　 overlooked.”可知,買家傾向于與畫中的題材建立聯(lián)系,找到相似之處,與他們可能忽視的人建立友誼。inquire about詢問;connect with與……建立聯(lián)系;get along with與……和睦相處;come across偶然遇見。故選B。
15.C　根據(jù)文章開頭可知,Brian Peterson與Matt Faris開始并不認識,Brian Peterson受到一本書的啟發(fā),他們相識。此處照應(yīng)前文,表示畫像可以幫助買家建立友誼。所以,沒有這些畫,這種友誼是不存在的,可能是被忽視的。finally最后;definitely肯定;otherwise否則;seldom不常。故選C。
熟詞生義
1.subject 熟義:n.話題;學(xué)科　生義:n.繪畫題材
2.secure 熟義:adj.安全的　生義:v.獲得;實現(xiàn)
難句分析
原句　The buyers tend to connect with the subject in the painting, finding similarities and often friendship with someone they might have otherwise overlooked.
分析　本句為主從復(fù)合句。“finding similarities and often friendship...”為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語,“they might have otherwise overlooked”為省略關(guān)系代詞的定語從句,修飾先行詞someone。
譯文　買家傾向于與畫作中的題材建立聯(lián)系,尋找相似之處,并經(jīng)常與他們原本可能忽視的人建立友誼。

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