資源簡(jiǎn)介

第4單元　文學(xué)、藝術(shù)與體育
限時(shí)訓(xùn)練3
限時(shí)50分鐘
Ⅰ　閱讀理解
A
　　The Door-to-Door Bookstore, whose author is Carsten Henn, translated from German by Melody Shaw, is an undoubtedly emotional, inspiring novel about friendships between generations developed through books.
Carl Kollhoff, a 72-year-old bookseller in southern Germany, is beloved by his customers for finding just the right books for them. But his role is threatened when a new boss is determined to push out the star employee.
One of the limited highlights of Carl's life is to deliver books every evening to a handful of shut-in customers. The selections are made by their stated preferences—for happy endings, tragedy, philosophical works and so on. Trouble happens when a pretty wise (and a little annoying) motherless 9-year-old girl tags along with him on his rounds. She decides Carl is not actually giving his customers what they really need, and comes up with a plan to correct this.
Like Carl's backpack, Henn manages to fill his novel with books without weighing it down. Chapter titles suggest that classics are involved:The Stranger, The Red and the Black, Great Expectations. Carl, who is terrible with names, assigns a literary character to each customer—Mr. Darcy, Mrs. Longstocking, The Reader—to help him keep them straight.
We gradually come to know these townsfolk: the abused wife, and the ambitious writer with the soothing voice who is paid to read classics to cigar factory workers.
The Door-to-Door Bookstore is also filled with amusing observations. Carl divides readers into hares (野兔), who race through books; fish, who allow books to carry them along on their currents; curious lapwings (鳳頭麥雞), who jump ahead to see the ending first; and tortoises, who fall asleep each night after a single page and take months to get through a book, having to turn back repeatedly to check what they've forgotten.
Readers will have fun finding themselves in these pages.
1.Where is the text most probably taken from
A.A review of a book.　　　　B.An essay on literature classics.
C.An introduction to a bookstore.　　　　D.A biography of Carl Kollhoff.
2.What is the main idea of the novel
A.The takeover of a family business by a young girl.
B.The friendship between Carl and a 9-year-old girl.
C.Carl's struggle to find the right books for his customers.
D.The competition among different bookstores in Germany.
3.Why does the author of the passage mention some classics
A.To compare the book with them.　　　　B.To stress the importance of them.
C.To help readers understand the book.　　　　D.To show their popularity.
4.What does the author mean by saying “Readers will have fun finding themselves in these pages”
A.Readers will relate to the characters and situations in the novel.
B.Readers will find satisfaction in correctly guessing the endings of the books.
C.Readers will enjoy the different ways people read books.
D.Readers will be amused by the diverse personalities of the customers.
B
　　For teenagers, is a sense of comfort more commonly found in sports or arts And how might this relate to their reported depressive symptoms A new research published by the American Psychological Association suggests that teenagers participating in after-school art activities like music, drama, and painting are more likely to report depressive symptoms than their non-participating peers.
“This is not to say that depression is a necessary condition for either a teen or an adult to become an artist, nor are we showing that participating in the arts leads to mental illness,” said lead author Laura N. Young, MA of Boston College. “However, previous research has revealed higher rates of mental illness symptoms in adult artists. We were interested in whether this association is present earlier in development.”
Interestingly, teens who engaged exclusively in sports and didn't involve themselves in any other extracurricular activities were reported the least depressive symptoms. The researchers found no significant difference in depressive symptoms between teens involved in the arts who also did sports and those who didn't, suggesting that arts participation, rather than a lack of sports participation, was associated with depression.
The researchers used data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth collected from 2,482 students 15 to 16 years old. The survey asked teens about their frequency of participation in arts or sports activities after school, and their experience of various moods or problems related to depression.
One theory the researchers proposed for the seeming link between the arts and mental illness symptoms is that people attracted to the arts might possess certain cognitive (認(rèn)知的) qualities, such as absorbing a higher level of information from their surroundings. This could lead to general unhappiness and depression, yet also enhance creativity and artistic expression. The authors suggested that personality traits linked to depression, like introversion (內(nèi)向), might guide teens towards more individual activities like the arts.
“When positive behaviors such as being involved in the arts are associated with symptoms of mental illness, it's essential that we understand why,” said Young. “Further research can address the question of whether possible psychological shortcomings can be transformed into benefits through the practice of the arts.”
5.What can we learn from the research findings
A.Art activities directly lead to teen mental illness.
B.Art participation can be related to teen depression.
C.Sports are likely to increase depression rates in teens.
D.Being depressed is necessary to become an artist later.
6.Which has the closest meaning to the underlined word “exclusively” in Paragraph 3
A.Only.　　　　B.Rarely.
C.Regularly.　　　　D.Diversely.
7.What is Paragraph 5 mainly about
A.The overall framework of the research project.
B.The direct cause of the observed phenomenon.
C.The theoretical basis of the possible connection.
D.The methods applied to conducting the research.
8.According to Young, what should follow-up researches focus on
A.How to reduce depressive symptoms through sports.
B.How to identify the positive impacts of the association.
C.How to prove the link between creativity and depression.
D.How to turn potential mental weaknesses into strengths.
Ⅱ　七選五
　　Rock climbing is the kind of sport you either love or you're simply not interested in. For those who love it, there is great personal satisfaction.1.　　　 It is a physical workout that requires strength, coordination, and perseverance. Regular climbing (2 or more times per week) can improve cardiovascular fitness, muscle strength, and flexibility. Mentally, you must confront (正視) your fears both of injuries and of heights and make good decisions because your life depends upon it.
2.　　　 You must be in good health and above average physical condition to go rock climbing, more so if you do this outdoors. You need to be flexible and agile (敏捷的), since climbing skills involve stretching, bending, and precise body positioning. And you must have the strength to hold yourself up by your arms and hands or even just your fingers.
You don't have to climb Mount Qomolangma to enjoy the sport of rock climbing. 3.　　　 Some of these include traditional climbing, free solo climbing, ice climbing and indoor climbing.
If you think you may be interested in rock climbing, start by reading books or rock climbing publications. 4.　　　 Others have essays written by climbers that can give you a feel for this sport. Publications are good sources of gear advice and reviews, techniques and training tips, and rock climbing destinations.
If you're passionate about rock climbing, you'll want to find others who share your love of this sport. Ask about groups or clubs at a local rock climbing gym or search the Internet. 5.　　
A.There are many options.
B.Rock climbing isn't for everyone.
C.Rock climbing has gained popularity in recent years.
D.Rock climbing involves both physical and mental challenges.
E.The more you learn, the more you'll want to know and share!
F.Most of all, you need time and commitment to learn the skills.
G.There are many books available that outline the basics of rock climbing.
Ⅲ　讀后續(xù)寫
　　閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
　　It was the Annual Inter-school Sports Meet at the National Stadium. I sat down next to my principal, Mr Tan, in the preparation room as he gave me some words of encouragement. I was taking part in the 100-metre race.
“Just one more gold medal from the last event, Tyson! You can do it! Nila Primary School will win the Champion School Cup!” Mr Tan encouraged me before he left the room. Just then, I saw Robert, the best runner from Sunshine Primary School, walking towards me. Suddenly, he grabbed my T-shirt and pulled me towards him. I could smell his terrible breath. “You are nothing! You will never beat me!” Robert said, trying to make me angry.
I pushed him away and shouted at him. “The same to you! I'm not frightened by your threats!” I replied with a fearless glare. Hearing this, Robert walked away, speechless. Soon, we heard an announcement to gather at the starting line. As I looked up and heard the deafening cheer from the sea of spectators (觀眾), I was awed. The atmosphere was exciting!
“On your mark. Get set!” The judge announced. There was dead silence in the air. Suddenly, I heard the firing of the starter's gun and I burst forth. Robert and I were neck and neck until I spotted a frog leaping towards us. Robert screamed and ran into my lane suddenly. Unfortunately, we tripped over each other and landed hard on the tracks. There was a loud gasp from the spectators' stand. Other competitors rushed by and none stopped to help us. Sportsmanship arose from my heart suddenly. I got up and helped Robert to his feet. He could not run so I put his right arm over my shoulders to support him and we walked slowly past the finish line. The crowd cheered. The moment we crossed the line, Robert thanked me and sat down heavily to the ground. I later knew that he had suffered an ankle injury.
注意:續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右。
After the race, I slowly went to my team, realizing I had destroyed the hope of bringing honour to my school.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　The awards ceremony took place two days later.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
答案全解全析
限時(shí)訓(xùn)練3
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
語(yǔ)篇解讀　本文是一篇書評(píng),對(duì)The Door-to-Door Bookstore這本書進(jìn)行了介紹和評(píng)價(jià)。
1.A　推理判斷題。通讀全文可知,本文主要介紹了The Door-to-Door Bookstore這本書,包括其作者、主要內(nèi)容和對(duì)這本書的評(píng)價(jià),屬于書評(píng)。故選A。
2.B　主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段所提到的“is an undoubtedly emotional, inspiring novel about friendships between generations developed through books”以及第三段提到的“Trouble happens when a pretty wise (and a little annoying) motherless 9-year-old girl tags along with him on his rounds.”可知,這本書講述的是Carl和一個(gè)九歲女孩的友誼的故事。故選B。
3.C　推理判斷題。
根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞classics定位到第四段。
通讀全段可知該段首句“Like Carl's backpack, Henn manages to fill his novel with books without weighing it down.(就像Carl的背包一樣,Henn設(shè)法在不使小說(shuō)沉重的情況下用書填滿他的小說(shuō)。)”是本段的主題句,由此可知作者在這部和書有關(guān)的小說(shuō)中談及了多部其他小說(shuō),提到這些經(jīng)典作品是在提供與這本書有關(guān)的進(jìn)一步的細(xì)節(jié)信息,從而讓讀者更加了解這本書。故選C。
4.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段提到的Carl根據(jù)不同的讀者讀書的特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分類可知,“Readers will have fun finding themselves in these pages.(讀者會(huì)開心地發(fā)現(xiàn)書中有自己的影子。)”指的是讀這本書的人會(huì)找到與自己匹配的類型。故選A(讀者會(huì)了解小說(shuō)中的人物和情節(jié))。
熟詞生義
1.round 熟義:prep.在……周圍　生義:n.照例要出去做的一系列事情　2.decide 熟義:v.決定　生義:v.斷定　3.current 熟義:adj.當(dāng)前的;現(xiàn)在的　生義:n.思潮
難句分析
原句　The Door-to-Door Bookstore, whose author is Carsten Henn, translated from German by Melody Shaw, is an undoubtedly emotional, inspiring novel about friendships between generations developed through books.
分析　這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。主句是主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。主句主語(yǔ)是“The Door-to-Door Bookstore”,該主語(yǔ)后面跟了兩個(gè)修飾成分,分別是whose引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句“whose author is Carsten Henn”和過去分詞短語(yǔ)“translated from...”?！癮n undoubtedly emotional, inspiring novel”是主句的表語(yǔ),“about friendships”是介詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)修飾表語(yǔ)novel,而friendships后面又跟了兩個(gè)修飾成分,分別是介詞短語(yǔ)“between generations”和過去分詞短語(yǔ)“developed through books”。
譯文　The Door-to-Door Bookstore的作者是Carsten Henn,由Melody Shaw從德語(yǔ)翻譯過來(lái),這無(wú)疑是一部情感豐富、鼓舞人心的小說(shuō),講述了幾代人通過書建立起來(lái)的友誼。
B
語(yǔ)篇解讀　這是一篇說(shuō)明文。美國(guó)心理協(xié)會(huì)發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)新研究表明,參加課外藝術(shù)活動(dòng)(如音樂、戲劇和繪畫)的青少年比不參加的同齡人更容易出現(xiàn)抑郁癥狀。文章對(duì)此進(jìn)行了介紹。
5.B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三句“A new research...suggests that teenagers participating in after-school art activities like music, drama, and painting are more likely to report depressive symptoms than their non-participating peers.”和第三段中的“The researchers found...suggesting that arts participation...was associated with depression.”可知,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)參加課外藝術(shù)活動(dòng)的青少年比不參加的青少年更容易產(chǎn)生抑郁癥狀,由此可知藝術(shù)參與可能與青少年抑郁有關(guān)。故選B。
6.A　詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段第一句中的“and didn't involve themselves in any other extracurricular activities(沒有參加任何其他課外活動(dòng))”可知,此處是指只參與體育活動(dòng),engage in意為“參加,參與”,由此推測(cè)畫線詞表示“僅僅,只”。only僅僅;rarely很少;regularly經(jīng)常;diversely不同地,各種各樣地。故選A。exclusively意為“僅僅;排他地”。
7.C　主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段第一句“One theory the researchers proposed for the seeming link between the arts and mental illness symptoms is that...from their surroundings.”和最后一句“The authors suggested that personality traits linked to depression...might guide teens towards more individual activities like the arts.”可知,第五段主要是講可能存在聯(lián)系的理論基礎(chǔ)。故選C。
8.D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Further research can address the question of whether possible psychological shortcomings can be transformed into benefits through the practice of the arts.”可知,后續(xù)研究應(yīng)該關(guān)注如何將潛在的心理弱點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)化為優(yōu)勢(shì)。故選D。
熟詞生義
1.guide 熟義:v.指導(dǎo) n.導(dǎo)游　生義:v.影響
2.address 熟義:n.地址　生義:v.設(shè)法解決;處理
難句分析
原句　One theory the researchers proposed for the seeming link between the arts and mental illness symptoms is that people attracted to the arts might possess certain cognitive qualities, such as absorbing a higher level of information from their surroundings.
分析　這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。主句是主系表結(jié)構(gòu),主語(yǔ)的中心詞是“One theory”,后面的“the researchers...symptoms” 是省略了關(guān)系詞的定語(yǔ)從句,修飾主語(yǔ)。系動(dòng)詞is后面是that引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句;該從句謂語(yǔ)部分是“might possess”,謂語(yǔ)前面的“attracted to the arts”是過去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)修飾從句主語(yǔ)people。
譯文　對(duì)于藝術(shù)和精神疾病癥狀之間的表面聯(lián)系,研究人員提出的一種理論是,被藝術(shù)吸引的人可能具有某種認(rèn)知能力,比如從周圍環(huán)境中獲取更高水平的信息。
Ⅱ.七選五
語(yǔ)篇解讀　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了攀巖這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng),介紹了這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)攀巖者的要求及攀巖的各種形式等并給出了一些關(guān)于攀巖的建議。
1.D　細(xì)節(jié)句。根據(jù)下文“It is a physical workout that requires strength, coordination, and perseverance.”以及“Mentally, you must confront your fears both of injuries and of heights and make good decisions because your life depends upon it.”可知,攀巖是一項(xiàng)對(duì)體力和精神都要求很高的運(yùn)動(dòng)。D項(xiàng)“Rock climbing involves both physical and mental challenges.(攀巖包括身體和精神上的挑戰(zhàn))”符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。D項(xiàng)中的“physical and mental challenges”與下文中的“a physical workout that requires...”“Mentally, you must...”對(duì)應(yīng)。
2.B　主旨句。根據(jù)下文“You must be in good health and above average physical condition to go rock climbing, more so if you do this outdoors. You need to be flexible and agile...And you must have the strength to hold yourself up...your fingers.”可知,攀巖需要健康的體魄,進(jìn)行攀巖的人身體健康狀況需要在正常水平以上,需要靈活敏捷,必須能用手臂和手甚至是手指支撐住自己的身體。由此可知本段介紹的是這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)攀巖者的要求。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知B項(xiàng)“Rock climbing isn't for everyone.(攀巖不一定適合每個(gè)人)”符合本段主旨。故選B。
3.A　過渡句。根據(jù)上文“You don't have to climb Mount Qomolangma to enjoy the sport of rock climbing.”以及下文“Some of these include traditional climbing, free solo climbing, ice climbing and indoor climbing.”可知,你不必為了享受攀巖而去爬珠穆朗瑪峰,攀巖有很多種形式。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知A項(xiàng)“There are many options.(有很多選擇)”符合語(yǔ)境,給出上文說(shuō)的不必去爬珠穆朗瑪峰的原因,下文給出的攀巖的各種形式正好順承A項(xiàng)所說(shuō)的“很多選擇”,因此A項(xiàng)承上啟下,故選A。
4.G　細(xì)節(jié)句。根據(jù)上文“If you think you may be interested in rock climbing, start by reading books or rock climbing publications.”可知,如果對(duì)攀巖感興趣,可以先看看書。G項(xiàng)“There are many books available that outline the basics of rock climbing.(有很多書都介紹了攀巖的基本知識(shí))”符合語(yǔ)境,順承上文建議的先看書。故選G。G項(xiàng)中的“many books”與上文的“reading books or rock climbing publications”對(duì)應(yīng)。
5.E　細(xì)節(jié)句。根據(jù)上文“If you're passionate about rock climbing, you'll want to find others who share your love of this sport. Ask about groups or clubs at a local rock climbing gym or search the Internet.”可知,如果你對(duì)攀巖充滿熱情,你會(huì)想要找有相同愛好的人一起分享。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知E項(xiàng)“The more you learn, the more you'll want to know and share!(你了解的東西越多,你想知道和分享的東西就越多!)”符合語(yǔ)境。E項(xiàng)中的share與上文的“find others who share your love of this sport”對(duì)應(yīng)。故選E。
熟詞生義
1.position 熟義:n.位置　生義:v.放置
2.feel 熟義:n.感覺 v.感到　生義:n.總體印象
Ⅲ.讀后續(xù)寫
寫作指導(dǎo)
1.分析沖突點(diǎn),預(yù)設(shè)故事結(jié)尾。
故事人物 Mr Tan, I and Robert
情節(jié)分析/ 沖突點(diǎn)分析 Mr Tan had hoped that I could win the medal of the last race event, so that my school would get the Champion School Cup. But the sudden appearance of a frog frightened Robert, a competitor who had angered me just before the race. Robert panicked and ran into my lane, which led to us tripping over each other and landing hard on the tracks. I helped Robert but failed to win the race.
預(yù)設(shè)結(jié)尾 The sportsmanship I showed in the race got recognition.
2.分析段首句,確定寫作思路。
由續(xù)寫第一段和第二段段首句確定第一段發(fā)展方向: 由第一段首句可知,“我”回到校長(zhǎng)和隊(duì)友身邊;由第二段首句可知,頒獎(jiǎng)儀式即將進(jìn)行。由此推測(cè)第一段可寫校長(zhǎng)和隊(duì)友對(duì)“我”的態(tài)度。 梳理情節(jié) 情節(jié)示例
校長(zhǎng)和隊(duì)友說(shuō)了什么,做了什么,“我”的感受是怎樣的。 “我”擔(dān)心被責(zé)備,但校長(zhǎng)和隊(duì)友贊揚(yáng)了“我”。
由第二段段首句和預(yù)設(shè)結(jié)尾確定第二段發(fā)展方向: 由第二段首句可知,頒獎(jiǎng)儀式即將進(jìn)行。由此推測(cè)第二段可描寫頒獎(jiǎng)儀式上發(fā)生的事。 梳理情節(jié) 情節(jié)示例
頒獎(jiǎng)儀式上最初“我”的心態(tài)是怎樣的 “我”獲獎(jiǎng)了嗎 聽到結(jié)果后同學(xué)們和Robert有怎樣的反應(yīng) “我”的心情怎樣 “我”的感悟是什么 最初“我”認(rèn)為頒獎(jiǎng)與“我”無(wú)關(guān),聽到自己獲獎(jiǎng)時(shí)“我”感到詫異和激動(dòng)。最后是“我”的感悟:雖然輸?shù)袅吮荣惖斋@了友誼。
One possible version:
　　After the race, I slowly went to my team　, realizing I had destroyed the hope of bringing honour to my school. However, I thought I had done the right thing. I saw Mr Tan was also there talking with my teammates. I was worried that they would be angry with me because I had let them down, but no one blamed me. Instead, they all tried to cheer me up. That was reassuring. When I approached Mr Tan, he patted me on the shoulder and said, “I am touched by your act of sportsmanship, Tyson! I support the decision you have made on the track!” Hearing that, I thanked Mr Tan sincerely.
The awards ceremony took place two days later. As I stood near the stage in the school hall, I knew I had nothing to do with the awards. To my surprise, I heard my name being read out by my principal, Mr Tan. “Today, we honour Tyson Goh as the recipient of Nila Sportsmanship Award!”Mr Tan announced. Was the Sportsmanship Award a newly-added one Excitedly, I accepted the award. At that moment, I spotted Robert, smiling at me. I realized that though I lost the race, I got a friend at last. And since then, Robert has become one of my best friends.
佳作亮點(diǎn)
1.重點(diǎn)詞匯
①let sb. down 讓某人失望
②blame v.責(zé)怪;指責(zé)
③cheer sb. up 使某人振奮;使某人高興
④reassuring adj.令人感到寬慰的
⑤approach v.靠近
⑥have nothing to do with與……無(wú)關(guān)
⑦to one's surprise令某人吃驚的是
⑧honour v.給予表?yè)P(yáng)(或獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)、頭銜、稱號(hào))
2.精彩句式
①To my surprise, I heard my name being read out by my principal, Mr Tan. (現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),表示“正在被……”;分詞給人一種畫面感) 令我吃驚的是,我聽到校長(zhǎng)Tan先生正在念我的名字。
②I realized that though I lost the race, I got a friend at last.(that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句;“though I lost the race”是though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句)我意識(shí)到雖然我輸了比賽,但我最終得到了一個(gè)朋友。

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