資源簡介

第6單元　科學與技術
限時訓練3
限時50分鐘
Ⅰ　閱讀理解
A
　　China will increase resources to advance the construction of the 5G network, expand the application of 5G technology in various fields, and promote the research and development of 6G, officials and experts said at the 6th Digital China Summit, which ended on Friday in Fuzhou, Fujian province.
“China has built the world's largest 5G network with the most advanced technologies. The number of the country's 5G base stations had exceeded 2.64 million by the end of March this year,” said an official, Zhao Ce.
Zhao said the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will make more efforts to bolster the building of the 5G network in an orderly manner and accelerate its industrial applications, push forward the research and development of 6G, and strengthen international exchange and communication in 5G-related technology, standards and application.
Cao Ming, president of the wireless product line at Huawei Technologies, said China is taking the lead in 5G development across the globe, and that 5G is expected to play a bigger role in improving digitalization in a wide range of sectors covering intelligent connected vehicles and intelligent transportation.
“As the next-generation mobile communication technology, 6G integrates telecommunication, perception, computation, artificial intelligence, big data and security,” said Cui Chunfeng, president of the future research institute of the China Mobile Research Institute, adding the research on 6G is still at a primary stage worldwide.
Although there is no universally accepted definition of 6G, the technology is predicted to provide faster speeds, lower latency(延時) and more bandwidth than 5G. The 6G network will realize the deep integration of physical and virtual worlds, and build a new world featuring the intelligent connection of everything, Cui said.
Noting new cybersecurity challenges have popped up with the rapid development and application of 5G technology, Qi Xiangdong, chairman of Chinese cybersecurity company Qi-Anxin Technology Group (QATG), said the company will strengthen cooperation with the country's major telecom carriers to help them deal with growing cybersecurity risks.
1.Why will China increase resources according to Paragraph 1
A.To stop the construction of the 5G network.
B.To deal with new cybersecurity challenges.
C.To suspend the application of 5G in diverse fields.
D.To further the research and development of 6G.
2.What does the underlined word “bolster” in Paragraph 3 mean
A.Reduce.　　　　B.Improve.　　　　C.Oppose.　　　　D.Evaluate.
3.What is the main idea of Paragraph 6
A.The integration of 5G and 6G.　　　　B.The comparison between 5G and 6G.
C.The potential to be realized through 6G.　　　　D.The intelligent connection achieved with 6G.
4.Why will QATG enhance partnership with major telecom carriers
A.To advance digitalization in various fields.
B.To accelerate the 5G network industrial applications.
C.To help them address mounting network security risks.
D.To strengthen international cooperation in technology.
B
　　Tomorrow's menus could feature items prepared with complex cooking techniques and presentation—all at the push of a button. Columbia University mechanical engineers have designed a 3D printer that can produce and cook dishes at the same time with details at the millimeter scale.
The design combines a multiwavelength laser(激光) cooker, roughly the size of five smartphones piled together, with a microwave-oven-sized food printer. The system uses various light wavelengths to cook in different ways: a short-wave blue laser goes deep inside meat, for example, while infrared beams(紅外線光束) brown the surface. As the device's robotic arm places fine layers of chicken puree(醬), a high-powered beam moves over them and cooks the meat—with literally laser-focused precision. Thus, users can achieve perfect results—say, a machine-made burger that varies between rare and well done in a checkerboard pattern.
“It gives you a lot more control and customization(定制),” says Jonathan Blutinger, lead author of the paper and a digital-cooking researcher at Columbia. The researchers tested only chicken for this study, but the system can work with other foods as well.
Beyond applying diverse materials and presentation patterns, this type of software-controlled setup could someday scan a QR code to automatically prepare dishes tailored to individual eating habits and dietary restrictions, Blutinger says.
The new technology is “astonishing”, says Megan Ross, a food scientist who studies 3D printing at Ireland's University College Cork. Ross notes that the design is still at a beginning stage and that many technical challenges remain, such as preventing cross pollution between layers of raw and cooked meat. Still, Ross is impressed by the device's ability to produce foods outside the field of conventional cooking. “Is this going to be sold in shops everywhere in the next few years No,” she says. “But everyone has to start somewhere.”
5.What makes the new design different from a common cooker
A.It works automatically.　　　　B.It is attached to a printer.
C.It cooks the whole of food.　　　　D.It can process various materials.
6.How does the design work
A.By customizing the dishes.　　　　B.By accessing 3D technology.
C.By turning the food upside down.　　　　D.By using beams of diverse wavelengths.
7.What is the new advantage of the design
A.It is more flexible to operate.　　　　B.It can process meat.
C.It avoids cross food pollution.　　　　D.It can be applied to the QR code.
8.What can we infer about the design from Ross' words
A.It makes a meaningful start.　　　　B.It will be well received soon.
C.It goes well with technology.　　　　D.It is well thought of by the public.
Ⅱ　七選五
　　
The History of the Automobile
　　The automobile, more commonly known as the car, certainly counts as one of the greatest inventions in human history. 1.　　
As to who invented the automobile, the answer is not quite so clear-cut. While some give credit to Karl Benz, who patented the first gas-powered vehicle in 1886, others give the praise to Gottlieb Daimler. Incidentally, the two inventors' companies merge(合并) in 1926 to form the famous Mercedes-Benz.
2.　　　 It was Henry Ford who designed a system of mass production that allowed him to produce cars far more cheaply, which in turn meant he could sell them at lower prices. By 1927, 15 million of Ford's famous all-black Model Ts had been produced. Mass car ownership had become a reality.
3.　　　 Inventors were working on electric vehicles around the same time that gas-powered ones were being developed. The first electric car was designed in 1884 by Thomas Parker, the same man who electrified the London Underground. By 1900, electric vehicles were giving gas cars a run for their money. They were quiet, did not give off emissions, and were easier to drive, especially for women. 4.　　　 They were difficult to charge when most people's homes didn't have electricity. They were also rather expensive. In the end, Henry Ford's cheap Model T put an end to interest in electric cars which didn't become popular until the gas shortages and environmental concerns of the late 20th century.
Now, early in the 21st century, we find ourselves on the brink of yet another age in automobile history. Electric cars are set to make the gas guzzler(油老虎) out of date. 5.　　　 Benz, Daimler and Parker would surely be amazed by how far their dreams have come.
A.But why were early electric cars not popular
B.However, they weren't without shortcomings.
C.They were also popular in European countries.
D.It allows people to travel great distances quickly, safely and cheaply.
E.And self-driving cars may soon make human drivers a thing of the past.
F.At first, European models were far too expensive for most people to buy.
G.Many people think of electric vehicles as a new invention, but actually that's not the case.
Ⅲ　讀后續寫
　　閱讀下面材料,根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段,使之構成一篇完整的短文。
　　“Mom! I'm home!” John closed the door and dropped his books on a nearby chair. “Hi, John, home already ” His mom turned around.
“It's spring. I was thinking more of our annual spring cleaning,” John's mom suggested. “Tomorrow is Saturday. Let's do some cleaning, okay ” “Okay,” John agreed unwillingly.
The next day, they cleaned upstairs, downstairs, inside, outside, until everything was spotless. Tired, they sank into the couch. Pointing to Grandpa's chair, John's mom exclaimed, “Oh my! That old chair has got to go. We'll buy Grandpa a new one.” John's grandpa lived with them since Grandma had died. “John, let's take the chair to the curb(馬路邊). Tomorrow the garbage truck is picking up on our block.”
As they attempted to move the chair, Grandpa walked by dragging his feet through the door and quickly blocked their way. “Oh, no!” he protested. “You can't take my chair.”
“It's old and worn. We'll buy you a new one,” John's mom argued.
“No,” John's grandpa persisted, trying to push his chair back into place. “I don't want a new one,” his voice trembled.
John's mom had to give up and said she would discuss it with John's dad, who was still at work. John's mom left the living room to prepare the dinner. With a sigh of relief, the old man sank into his chair and closed his eyes.
“Grandpa, why won't you let us get rid of the chair It's so old.” John asked his grandpa when his mom left the room.
“You don't understand, John,” Grandpa shook his head from side to side. After a long pause he said, “I sat in this chair, with your grandma right here, when I asked her to marry me. When I sit in this chair and close my eyes, I feel she is near.” Grandpa softly stroked(輕撫) the arm of the chair. “And the night your father was born, I sat in this chair. I was nervous and scared when they placed the tiny baby into my arms, yet I was never happier.” A smile flashed across his old face.
“I think I'm beginning to understand,” John said thoughtfully. “The chair gave you comfort and warmth. This is not just a chair. It is more like a friend.” However, that night when John and his grandpa were asleep, John's mom and dad carried the chair to the curb.
注意:續寫詞數應為150個左右。
The next morning, when John came downstairs, his grandpa stood by the window and looked outside sadly.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　Seeing John rescue the chair from the garbage men, his mom turned and looked at John's grandpa.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
答案全解全析
限時訓練3
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
語篇解讀　本文是一篇新聞報道,主要報道了6G技術研發。
1.D　細節理解題。根據第一段中的“China will increase resources to advance the construction of the 5G network, expand the application of 5G technology in various fields, and promote the research and development of 6G”可知,中國將增加資源促進6G的研發。故選D。
2.B　詞義猜測題。從第三段畫線單詞所在句的三個并列成分“accelerate”“push forward”“strengthen”可以推斷出,畫線單詞bolster意為“促進,加強”。故選B。
3.C　主旨大意題。通讀第六段可知,本段主要講述了6G網絡的潛能,如比5G網速更快、延時更少、帶寬更大;虛擬世界與真實世界深度融合;智聯其他事物構建一個新的世界等。故選C。
4.C　細節理解題。根據最后一段中的“the company will strengthen cooperation with the country's major telecom carriers to help them deal with growing cybersecurity risks”可知,該公司加強與主要電信運營商的合作是為了應對日益增加的網絡安全風險。故選C。
B
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一款最新設計——可以制作、烹飪菜肴的3D食物打印機。
5.B　細節理解題。根據第二段中的“The design combines a multiwavelength laser cooker, roughly the size of five smartphones piled together, with a microwave-oven-sized food printer.”可知,新設計不同于普通的炊具的地方是其連接著一臺食物打印機。故選B。
6.D　細節理解題。根據第二段中的“The system uses various light wavelengths to cook in different ways: a short-wave blue laser goes deep inside meat, for example, while infrared beams brown the surface.”和本段下文內容可知,這款設計通過使用不同波長的光束來工作。故選D。
7.A　推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“It gives you a lot more control and customization”和第四段“Beyond applying diverse materials and presentation patterns, this type of software-controlled setup could someday scan a QR code to automatically prepare dishes tailored to individual eating habits and dietary restrictions, Blutinger says.”可知,除了應用不同的材料和展示模式外,這種由軟件控制的裝置有一天可以掃描二維碼,根據個人的飲食習慣和飲食限制自動準備菜肴。因此,這款設計的新優勢是它的操作更靈活。故選A。
8.A　推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“Ross notes that the design is still at a beginning stage and that many technical challenges remain...Still, Ross is impressed by the device's ability to produce foods outside the field of conventional cooking.”可推知,這款設計是一個有意義的開始。故選A。
熟詞生義
tailor 熟義:n.裁縫　生義:v.專門制作;定做
Ⅱ.七選五
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了汽車的歷史。
1.D　細節句。根據空前“‘automobile’一般更多地被稱作‘car’,當然是人類歷史上最偉大的發明之一”可知,D項“It allows people to travel great distances quickly, safely and cheaply.(它使人們能夠快速地、安全地以低成本長途旅行)”能承接上文,簡要介紹汽車的優點,即解釋為什么汽車是最偉大的發明之一,符合題意。 故選D。
2.F　細節句。根據空后“正是亨利·福特設計了一套大規模生產系統,使他能夠以低得多的成本生產汽車,這相應地意味著他可以以更低的價格銷售汽車”可知,設空處要說跟“價格”有關的話題,所以F項“At first, European models were far too expensive for most people to buy.(起初,歐洲車型太貴了,大多數人買不起)”能引起下文,符合題意。故選F。
3.G　主旨句。根據空后“幾乎在研發汽油動力汽車的同時,發明家們也在研發電動汽車。第一輛電動汽車是由托馬斯·帕克于1884年設計的,他也是使倫敦地鐵電氣化的人”可知, G項“Many people think of electric vehicles as a new invention, but actually that's not the case.(許多人認為電動汽車是一項新發明,但事實并非如此)”能概括本段內容,符合題意。故選G。
4.B　過渡句。空前“它們安靜,不排放廢氣,而且更容易駕駛,尤其是對女性來說”說的是電動汽車的優點,空后“它們也相當昂貴”說的是電動汽車的缺點,所以B項“However, they weren't without shortcomings.(然而,它們并非沒有缺點)”承上啟下,符合題意。故選B。
5.E　細節句。根據空前“電動汽車可能會使得高油耗汽車退出歷史舞臺”可知,設空處要說跟“汽車發展”有關的話題,所以E項“And self-driving cars may soon make human drivers a thing of the past.(自動駕駛汽車可能很快就會讓人類司機成為過去)”能承接上文,符合題意。故選E。
難句分析
原句　It was Henry Ford who designed a system of mass production that allowed him to produce cars far more cheaply, which in turn meant he could sell them at lower prices.
分析　本句為主從復合句。It was...that是強調主語的強調句型,其中who 引導定語從句,修飾先行詞Henry Ford;which引導非限制性定語從句,從句中meant后是省略了that的賓語從句。
譯文　正是亨利·福特設計了一套大規模生產系統,使他能夠以低得多的成本生產汽車,這相應地意味著他可以以更低的價格銷售汽車。
Ⅲ.讀后續寫
寫作指導
1.分析沖突點,預設故事結尾
故事人物 John, John's mother, John's father and John's grandfather
沖突點分析 John and his mother decided to do annual spring cleaning. They wanted to remove an old chair and buy a new one. But John's grandfather refused because the chair gave him comfort and warmth. However, John's mom and dad carried the chair to the curb.
預設結尾 John's mother felt guilty and they carried the chair back into the living room.
2.分析段首句,確定寫作思路
由第一段和第二段首句確定第一段發展方向: 由第一段首句內容“第二天早上,當約翰下樓時,他的爺爺站在窗邊傷心地望著外面。”可知,第一段可描寫約翰跑出去取回椅子并告訴媽媽這把椅子對爺爺的意義。 梳理情節 情節示例
①爺爺有何反應 ②約翰如何取回椅子 ③約翰如何勸說父母 約翰注意到爺爺很傷心,取回椅子,勸說媽媽,并告知椅子對爺爺的意義。
由第二段首句和預設結尾確定第二段發展方向: 由第二段首句內容“看到約翰從垃圾工手中把椅子救了出來,他媽媽轉過身來看著約翰的爺爺。”可知,第二段可描寫媽媽感到抱歉,向爺爺道歉,椅子又被放在了屋里。 ①媽媽有何反應 ②最終結果如何 ③約翰有何認識 媽媽感到內疚,并向爺爺道歉,椅子又回到原地。經此一事,約翰對事物有了新的認識。
One possible version:
　　The next morning, when John came downstairs, his grandpa stood by the window and looked outside sadly. A tear rolled down his cheek. John noticed that the chair stood at the curb out on the street. The garbage truck pulling up to the house shocked John into action. He ran outside immediately. He waved both arms in the air as he rushed to stop the garbage men from moving the chair away. Then he went back home with that chair and said, “Mom, this chair has been with Grandpa for a very long time. It is like a friend.”
Seeing John rescue the chair from the garbage men, his mom turned and looked at John's grandpa. She felt guilty. Then she held Grandpa's hands and said, “I'm sorry, Father. I just didn't realize how much the chair meant to you.” They carried the chair back into the living room. Seeing the chair back, John's grandpa was thrilled, a broad smile spreading across his face. John and Grandpa wholeheartedly agreed that the living room was full of life with this old chair. The meaning of things lies not in the things themselves, but in people's attitude towards them.
佳作亮點
1.重點詞匯
①roll down落下
②pull up停車
③guilty adj.內疚的
④wholeheartedly adv.全心全意地
2.精彩句式
①He waved both arms in the air as he rushed to stop the garbage men from moving the chair away.(as引導時間狀語從句)他在空中揮舞著雙臂,沖過去阻止垃圾工人把椅子移走。
②Seeing the chair back, John's grandpa was thrilled, a broad smile spreading across his face.(現在分詞短語作狀語;獨立主格結構)看到椅子回來了,約翰的爺爺激動不已,臉上洋溢著燦爛的笑容。
③The meaning of things lies not in the things themselves, but in people's attitude towards them.(not...but...不是……而是……)事物的意義不在于事物本身,而在于人們對事物的態度。
寫作積累
有關“家庭親情”續寫佳句
1.Dad fixed his eyes on the paper, a pleasant smile lifting the corner of his mouth.爸爸眼睛盯著那張紙,嘴角上揚,露出愉快的微笑。
2.The warm golden sunlight, flooding in through the window, together with love between my family, warmed us.透過窗戶的溫暖的金色陽光和我們家人之間的愛,溫暖了我們。
3.Seeing his family sitting around and staying together harmoniously, Cater felt a sense of happiness.看到他的家人圍坐著,和諧地待在一起,Cater感覺到幸福。
4.A surge of happiness and warmth running through her, Mom kissed the two sisters gently.一股幸福與溫暖流遍她的全身,媽媽溫柔地親了親兩姐妹。

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