資源簡介 第8單元 災害防范與宇宙探索限時訓練1 情態動詞、虛擬語氣和特殊句式限時55分鐘考點 鞏固練考點1 情態動詞1.It used to be that you drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere. 2.—Ethan is asking whether he must attend the meeting tomorrow.—Well, he not, if he has something else to do. 3.During our trip to the Great Wall last week, I couldn't stop thinking that building it have been a huge project in ancient times. 4.Naturally, after I told her what to do, my daughter go and do the opposite. 5.One of our rules is that every student wear school uniform while at school. 考點2 虛擬語氣6.You shouldn't (interrupt) the meeting to tell me that; you could have come to tell me afterwards. 7.He recommended she (do) some research about what a healthy candy would contain. 8.Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I (dance) as well as her. 9.Look at the trouble I am in! If only I (follow) your advice. 10.Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could (make) six salads with what I threw out.(2022新高考Ⅰ) 11.George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I'd rather he (focus) more on its culture. 12.This printer is of good quality. If it (break) down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense. 13.It is requested that every student (make) a plan for the next semester. 14.They might have found a better hotel if they (drive) a few more kilometers. 15.If we (catch) the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now. 16.Last year, DC Central Kitchen recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished(有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would (rot) in fields.(2022新高考Ⅰ改編) 17.The teacher's requirement is that every student (recite) the passage in 20 minutes. 考點3 特殊句式18.It (be) Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago. 19.The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this distinguishes humans from machines.(2023浙江1月) 20.Covering an area about three times size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. (2022新高考Ⅰ) 21.To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the steam and risking a spill(溢出), to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue(舌頭).(2023新課標Ⅰ) 22.While (sleep), people are in particular danger of an emergent fire, and there must be a detector outside each sleeping area. 23.Once (attach) to the rail, the car will become electrically powered from the system, and control of the vehicle will pass to a central computer. 24.In the middle of the square (stand) a stone with a statue of a hero on top of it. 25.Lucy's father, looking very angry, stopped criticizing as if (expect) Lucy to apologize to him for cheating. 26.It is with your generous help I firmly believe that I will adapt to the college life as soon as possible. 27.It was my math teacher I met on the way home. 28.These days is the plants and animals that are its biggest attractions. 29.It was not until she participated in a reality show and became a restaurant waitress her situation began to improve dramatically. 30.Attached to the photos (be) several lines from Prologue to the Collection of Poems Composed at the Orchid Pavilion, an ancient Chinese calligraphy masterpiece by famous Chinese calligrapher Wang Xizhi from the Eastern Jin Dynasty. 31.Behind Zibo's sudden fame (be) the efforts and services of the local government, as well as a good reputation of local businesses, which receive favorable reviews from visitors who share their experiences online. 32.Not only (do) singing help increase your lung capacity, but it helps stimulate circulation. 33.Although (refer) to as Beijing Opera, it originated from Southern Anhui. It is widely recognised that it came into being after 1790 when the famous four Anhui opera troupes came to Beijing. 34.But do you know the origin of the festival Legend has it the Weaver Girl met and fell in love with a cowherd. 35.ChatGPT has spread like wildfire across social media. However, hot on the heels of ChatGPT (come) Google's Bard chatbot. 36.As is said in the ancient book, The Hermeneutics of the Spring and Autumn Annals, “It is on the autumn equinox day that yin and yang are in a balance of power. Thus the day and night are of equal length, and are the cold and hot weather.” 37. different life is today from that it used to be ten years ago! 38.The little boy came riding full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. a dangerous scene it was! 綜合 強化練單句語法填空1.The proposal on the website that no animal (kill) in front of other animals aroused a heated discussion. 2.If the new safety system (put) to use, the accident would never have happened. 3. (be) it not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty. 4.At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and Jialing River (lie) one of the largest cities in China. 5.But it was a 1960 trip to visit her sister in San Francisco set Chiang on her unintentional path to cooking. 6.No sooner had Mo Yan stepped on the stage the audience broke into thunderous applause. 7.This indicates that Goffin's cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when (move) objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies.(2022全國甲) 8.The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the (hot) the spring! (2021新高考Ⅰ) 9.As in the early history of the United States, it was the English set up the colonies in America. 10.We all wonder why it is so many students and their families are visiting Boston-area schools, such as Harvard, in their summer holidays. 11.Hardly (have) the heroes got off their horses when the host came over and greeted them without his hat. 12.But I wanted to prove to myself that hard the condition was, I wasn't finished yet. Nothing is to stand in my way. 13.In the US, only when someone sits in the driver's seat (be) driverless cars allowed on roads in certain states. 14.It is required that under no circumstances we betray ourselves even if there are temptations like money or beauty. 15.Between the two generations, it is often not their age, their education that causes misunderstanding. 16. you be fired, you could come directly to my company. 17.Henry (fix) his car when he heard the screams. 18.When you've finished with that book, don't forget to put it back on the shelf, you 19.The door burst open and in (rush) the crowd, shouting with anger. 素養 提升練語法填空A China's space project sets sail for the sea of stars The Mengtian lab module successfully 1. (join) the Tianhe core module and the Wentian lab module at China's space station Tiangong on the early morning of Tuesday. Mengtian is the 2. (two) lab module of the space station and the first one is Wentian that was connected with Tianhe 3. (previous). With the two lab modules now docked(對接) with the core module, the T-shaped structure of the space station has taken shape up to now. The space station has entered its final construction stage as 4. (plan). This smooth progress should be owed to scientists and engineers and all those 5. devotion and hard work has made the space station 6. reality. China has never abandoned its 7. (ambition) goal of acquiring advanced space capabilities and becoming a pioneer in the exploration of space, so as 8. (help) expand our knowledge of the universe. China's pride in its space achievements is also an expression of thanks 9. people who have made contributions. The insistence on the space missions being well-prepared, well-organized and well-implemented(有效執行的) has been the 10. (found) on which China's aerospace industry has continually reached new heights. B China Daily—Feb. 9, 2023. Civilian rescue workers across the nation are rushing to join China's official rescue team to find 11. (survive) from the ruins of destroyed buildings in Turkey, hit by a major earthquake of 7.8 magnitude(震級) on Monday, Feb. 6th. 12. powerful earthquake caused severe and widespread destruction and damage in Turkey and neighboring Syria at 4:17 am local time on Monday, followed by hundreds of aftershocks, 13. (claim) more than 11,000 lives in the two nations as of Wednesday. Many civilian teams actively joined rescue work when China provided aid for Turkey and neighboring Syria. Among the civilian teams that left for Turkey on Wednesday 14. (be) Blue Sky Rescue, a nonprofit Chinese civilian organization, 15. members come from different provinces of China. Besides, the China's 82-member official rescue team, with large amounts of disaster relief materials and equipment 16. board, landed in Adana in southern Turkey at 4:30 am local time on Wednesday. The Chinese team, with certification from the UN, 17. (comprise) high-quality and well-equipped personnel with the capacity to carry out search and rescue operations 18. (efficient) at the same time in two locations. Overseas branches of Chinese companies are also lending a helping hand. Chinese machinery giant Xuzhou Construction Machinery Group has assigned its branch in Turkey 19. (join) the relief efforts, with dozens of pieces of equipment 20. (station) to help in the rescue work. 答案全解全析第8單元 災害防范與宇宙探索限時訓練1 情態動詞、虛擬語氣和特殊句式考點鞏固練考點1情態動詞1.could 考查情態動詞。句意:以前你可能在這里開幾英里都見不到其他人,但現在到處都是房子和人。could和can都表示可能,表示對客觀可能性的推測。根據句意可知,此處是對過去一種客觀可能的描述。故填could。2.need 考查情態動詞。句意:——Ethan在問他是否必須參加明天的會議。——嗯,如果他有別的事要做,就不用了。根據句意可知,此處談論他是否有必要參會。needn't表示“不必;不需要”,滿足句意要求。故填need。3.must 考查情態動詞。句意:上周我們去長城旅行的時候,我一直在想,在古代修建長城一定是一項浩大的工程。根據句意可知,此處表示對過去情況的肯定推測,用must have done,意為“一定……”。故填must。4.must 考查情態動詞。句意:當然,在我告訴我女兒該干什么之后,她非得去做相反的事。根據句意可知,此處must表示“偏偏,非得”,是must獨有的一個含義。5.shall 考查情態動詞。句意:我們的規定之一就是每個學生在校期間都要穿校服。shall用于第三人稱作主語的陳述句中,表示規定、條約、法律和合同等明確的義務。由本句中rules一詞可知,這是在介紹校規,故填shall。考點2虛擬語氣6.have interrupted 考查虛擬語氣。句意:你本不該打斷會議告訴我那個的。你本能夠后來再來跟我說的。根據后面的could have come可知,此處是對過去事情的虛擬,應用“情態動詞+have done”形式,故填 have interrupted。7.(should) do 考查虛擬語氣。句意:他建議她做一些關于健康糖果應該含有什么成分的研究。recommend 后的that從句中常用虛擬語氣,從句中謂語用“should do”形式,其中should可以省略,故填should do 或do。8.danced 考查虛擬語氣。句意:Ellen是一個超棒的舞者。我希望我能跳得和她一樣棒。wish后的賓語從句中常用虛擬語氣,此處是對現在情況的虛擬,故從句需要使用一般過去時。故填danced。歸納總結 wish后跟賓語從句時,從句常用虛擬語氣,表示與現在相反或實現的可能性不大的情況時,用一般過去時;表示與過去相反的情況時,要用過去完成時;表示與將來相反的情況時,要用“would/could do”形式。9.had followed 考查虛擬語氣。句意:看看我(現在)遇到的麻煩!要是我聽了你的建議就好了。根據語境可知,“我”因為過去沒聽“你”的建議,所以現在處境困難。因此If only句型中表示的是與過去事實(沒聽“你”的建議)相反的情況。故填had followed。歸納總結 if only表示“如果……就好了”,常用虛擬語氣。表示與現在相反的情況時,用一般過去時;表示與過去相反的情況時,要用過去完成時。only if表示“只有”。10.have made 考查虛擬語氣。句意:更糟糕的是,我不計后果地買了太多,我扔掉的那些都夠我做六份沙拉了。根據句意可知,事實情況是“我”扔掉了壞掉的菜,所以做六份沙拉是與過去事實相反的情況,需要使用虛擬語氣。could have done表示某事本來該做卻沒有做。故填 have made。11.focused 考查虛擬語氣。句意:喬治將要談論他的國家的地理,但是我寧愿他專注于它的文化。根據句意可知,事實情況是喬治將要談論地理,因此would rather后面的部分是對將來情況的虛擬。在would rather后的從句中,對于將來的虛擬需要使用一般過去時,故填focused。歸納總結 would rather后的賓語從句常用虛擬語氣。表示與現在或將來的情況相反時,從句用一般過去時;表示與過去的情況相反時,從句用過去完成時。12.(should) break 考查虛擬語氣。句意:這臺打印機質量很好的。如果第一年內壞了,我們出錢修理。實際情況是打印機質量很好,所以一年之內壞掉是一種對未來的情況的虛擬。在if條件句中,表示對將來的虛擬時,從句中謂語動詞用“(should+)動詞原形”形式,故填should break或break。歸納總結虛擬的 時間 條件從句的 謂語形式 主句的 謂語形式對現在情況的虛擬 動詞過去式(be常用were) would/should/could/might+動詞原形對過去情況的虛擬 過去完成時(had done) would/should/could/might+have done對將來情況的虛擬 ①動詞過去式(be常用were); ②were+不定式;③(should+)動詞原形 would/should/could/might+動詞原形13.(should) make 考查虛擬語氣。句意:據要求,每位學生都要制訂一個下學期的計劃。此處為“It is requested that...”結構,that引導主語從句,從句中謂語動詞需要使用“should+動詞原形”形式,其中should可以省略,故填make或should make。歸納總結 在“It is suggested/required/ordered that...”結構中,從句常用虛擬語氣,謂語用“should+動詞原形”形式,其中should可以省略。14.had driven 考查虛擬語氣。句意:如果他們多行駛幾千米的話,他們也許會找到一個更好的旅館。由“They might have found a better hotel”可知,該句表示對過去的虛擬。表示對過去的情況的虛擬,從句部分要用過去完成時,故填 had driven。15.had caught 考查虛擬語氣。句意:如果我們昨天趕上那趟航班的話,我們現在就會在海灘享受我們的假日了。根據時間狀語yesterday可知,從句表示與過去事實相反的情況,故用“had done”形式。故填had caught。16.have rotted 考查虛擬語氣。句意:去年,DC Central Kitchen通過接受捐贈和收集有瑕疵的農產品的方式回收了超過807,500鎊的食物,否則這些農產品會爛在田間。otherwise的出現暗示此處表示和過去事實相反的情況,這是一個含蓄條件句,結合時間狀語Last year可知,此處表示對過去的虛擬。故填have rotted。17.(should) recite 考查虛擬語氣。句意:老師的要求是每位學生在20分鐘內背誦這篇文章。requirement意為“要求”,其后的表語從句中謂語動詞常用“should+動詞原形”,其中should可以省略,故填recite或should recite。歸納總結 表示“建議,主張,要求,命令”的名詞后的表語從句中,謂語常用“should+動詞原形”形式,should可以省略。常見的這類名詞有proposal、suggestion、advise、demand、requirement、order。考點3特殊句式18.was 考查強調句。句意:是Mike和Mary幾天前幫助了老人。分析句子可知,去掉It、設空處和who后,句子成分和意義完整,由此可知此處為強調句型“It is/was...that/who...”,根據“several days ago”并結合句意可以確定此處應用一般過去時,故填was。19.that 考查強調句。句意:賦予意義的規則不僅僅存在于我們的頭腦里,也存在于社會、社會記憶、社會習俗和社會關系此類外在的東西中。正是這一點區別了人類和機器。分析句子可知,去掉句中的It is和設空處后,剩下的“this distinguishes humans from machines”仍然是意義和語法完整的一句話,由此可知此處為強調句,強調this,this指代前面的內容,故填that。20.the 考查固定結構。句意:GPNP占地面積約為黃石國家公園的三倍,將成為中國首批國家公園之一。倍數表達中可使用“倍數+the+n.+of...”結構,因此size前面應用冠詞the。the+n.+of+sth.也可以使用sth.'s+n.的形式替換,即the size of Yellowstone National Park也可使用Yellowstone National Park's size 的形式替換。21.or 考查連詞。句意:想要吃一個的話,你必須決定是先在上面咬一個小口,釋放蒸汽,冒著湯汁溢出的風險,還是把整個小籠包放進嘴里,讓熱湯在舌頭上爆裂。whether...or...表示“是……還是……”,是固定搭配,故填or。難句分析 To eat one, you have to decidea spill, or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, 22.sleeping 考查狀語從句的省略。句意:人們在睡覺時特別容易受到緊急火災的威脅,每個睡覺區域外都必須有一個探測器。結合空前的While可知,此處為狀語從句的省略形式,邏輯主語是people,與sleep之間是主動關系,完整形式為“While people are sleeping”,當狀語從句的主語和主句主語一致,且從句的謂語含有be動詞時,從句可以省略主語和be動詞,此處省略了people are,故填sleeping。23.attached 考查狀語從句的省略。句意:一旦連接到軌道上,汽車將由系統提供電力,且車輛的控制將傳遞給中央計算機。此處是Once引導的狀語從句的省略,邏輯主語是the car,和動詞attach是被動關系,完整形式為“Once it is attached to the rail”,當狀語從句的主語和主句主語一致,且從句的謂語含有be動詞時,從句可以省略主語和be動詞。故填attached。24.stands 考查倒裝句。句意:在廣場的中央矗立著一塊石頭,上面有一個英雄的雕像。分析句子可知,設空處為句子的謂語,地點狀語In the middle of the square位于句首,句子需要完全倒裝,即將句子的謂語動詞提到主語的前面。此處表述客觀事實,應用一般現在時,句子的主語為a stone,為第三人稱單數形式。故填stands。25.expecting 考查狀語從句的省略。句意:露西的父親看起來很生氣,停止了批評, 好像在期待露西為欺騙向他道歉。此處是狀語從句的省略,即當狀語從句的主語和主句主語一致,且從句的謂語含有be動詞時,從句可以省略主語和be動詞,邏輯主語是Lucy's father,和動詞expect是主動關系,完整形式為“as if he was expecting Lucy to apologize to him for cheating”,省略主語和be動詞,故填expecting。26.that 考查強調句。句意:正是有了您的慷慨幫助,我堅信我會盡快適應大學生活。分析句子結構可知,本句為強調句,強調狀語“with your generous help”。故填that。27.that/who 考查強調句。句意:我在回家的路上遇到的是我的數學老師。分析句子結構可知此處為強調句,強調賓語“my math teacher”。故填that或who。28.it 考查強調句。句意:如今,植物和動物是它最吸引人的東西。去掉設空處、is及that后,句子結構、意義依然完整,可知此處考查強調句型,強調主語“the plants and animals”,故填it。29.that 考查強調句。句意:直到她參加了一個真人秀節目,成為一名餐館服務員,她的情況才開始顯著改善。分析句子結構可知此處為not...until...的強調句形式“It was not until...that...”,故填that。30.were 考查時態和主謂一致。句意:附在照片上的是《蘭亭集序》中的幾句,《蘭亭集序》是中國東晉著名書法家王羲之的中國古代書法杰作。分析句子可知,設空處為句子的謂語動詞,此處陳述過去的事情,用一般過去時;該句為過去分詞短語置于句首的倒裝,主語是several lines,故謂語動詞應用復數形式,故填were。31.are 考查時態和主謂一致。句意:淄博突然成名的背后是當地政府的努力和服務,以及當地企業的良好聲譽,這些得到了游客的好評,他們在網上分享了他們的經歷。此處講述一般性事實,應用一般現在時,該句是全部倒裝,主語為the efforts and services of the local government,是復數形式,所以謂語用復數形式,故填are。本句的句子結構分析如下:the local government, as well as a good reputation of local experiences online. Behind Zibo's sudden fame是一個介詞短語,而介詞短語是不能作主語的,而后面的the efforts and services of the local government是可以作主語的,因此可以斷定,句子是因介詞短語提前而引起的全部倒裝,根據下文定語從句的時態并結合句意判斷句子用一般現在時。32.does 考查時態和主謂一致。句意:唱歌不僅有助于增加你的肺活量,還有助于促進血液循環。本句是由not only置于句首引起的部分倒裝,設空處應用助動詞,主語為singing,結合helps可知,時態應為一般現在時,因此設空處用第三人稱單數形式,故填does。33.referred 考查狀語從句的省略。句意:雖然被稱為京劇,但它起源于皖南。分析句子可知,逗號前面的部分在句中作狀語,此處為狀語從句的省略,完整形式為“Although it is referred to as Beijing Opera”,主從句主語一致或從句主語是it,且謂語部分含be動詞時,可同時省略從句的主語和be動詞。故填referred。34.that 考查固定句型。句意:傳說織女遇見了一個牧牛人,并愛上了他。“Legend has it that...”是固定句型,意為“傳說……,相傳……”,故填that。es 考查時態和主謂一致。句意:然而,緊隨ChatGPT之后的是谷歌的Bard聊天機器人。設空處在句中作謂語,hot on the heels of ChatGPT為句子的狀語,為了保持句子平衡,狀語置于句首時,句子用全部倒裝,即將謂語動詞提到主語前面,句子描述一般性事實,應用一般現在時,主語是Google's Bard chatbot,謂語動詞應用第三人稱單數形式,故填comes。36.so 考查固定句型。句意:正如古籍《春秋繁露》中所說:“秋分者,陰陽相半也,故晝夜均而寒暑平。(正是在秋分之日,陰陽處于平衡狀態。因此,白天和夜晚是一樣長的,寒冷和炎熱的天氣也是如此。)”so代指前文中的情況也適用于后者。故填so。37.How 考查感嘆句。句意:如今的生活和10年前的生活是多么不同啊!結合句意可調整語序為“life is different today from that it used to be ten years ago”,different是形容詞提前,應用how引出感嘆句。設空處位于句首,首字母應大寫,故填How。38.What 考查感嘆句。句意:那位小男孩騎著自行車全速沖下機動車道。這是多么危險的一個場景啊!結合句意調整語序為“it was a dangerous scene”,被調整到前面的a dangerous scene是一個名詞短語,應使用what引出感嘆句。設空處位于句首,首字母應大寫,故填What。綜合強化練1.(should) be killed 考查虛擬語氣和語態。句意:網站上關于任何動物都不應該在其他動物面前被殺的提議引起了熱烈的討論。及物動詞kill與主語no animal之間為被動關系。proposal表示“提議”,其后的同位語從句中常用虛擬語氣,從句中謂語用“should+動詞原形”形式,should可以省略,故填(should) be killed。2.had been put 考查虛擬語氣和語態。句意:如果這個新的安全系統被投入使用,這個事故就不會發生了。根據主句確定此處是對過去情況的虛擬,所以從句謂語用“had done”形式,safety system與put之間是被動關系,應用被動語態,故填had been put。3.Were 考查虛擬語氣。虛擬語氣中,be動詞的過去式統一用were;當使用虛擬語氣時,if引導的條件狀語從句可以省略if,從句部分應使用部分倒裝結構,即將be動詞、情態動詞或助動詞提前。設空處位于句首,首字母應大寫。故填Were。4.lies 考查完全倒裝和主謂一致。句意:在長江和嘉陵江的交匯處坐落著中國最大的城市之一。分析句子可知,介詞短語位于句首,設空處為句子的謂語,而介詞短語不能充當句子的主語,因此可以判定句子發生了因介詞短語提前而出現的完全倒裝,后面的one of the largest cities in China才是主語。本句陳述一般事實,應用一般現在時。故填lies。5.that 考查強調句。句意:但讓江在無意中走上烹飪之路的是1960年去舊金山看望姐姐的旅行。此處是強調句型“It is/was+被強調部分+that/who+其他成分”,強調“a 1960 trip to visit her sister in San Francisco”,故填that。6.than 考查特殊句式。句意:莫言剛一走上臺,觀眾就爆發出雷鳴般的掌聲。no sooner...than...為固定句型,表示“一……就……”。故填than。歸納總結 除no sooner...than...外,表達“一……就……”的句型還有hardly/scarcely...when/before...。這兩個句型的時態規律:主句常用過去完成時,從句常用一般過去時。hardly/scarcely...when/before...表示“當……時,剛做完某事”,所以“剛做完某事”在“當……時”之前,所以主句用過去完成時,從句用一般過去時。7.moving 考查狀語從句的省略。句意:這表明,戈芬氏鳳頭鸚鵡在空間中移動物體時確實擁有一種異心參照系,類似于兩歲的嬰兒。分析句子可知,此處為when引導的時間狀語從句,當從句主語和主句主語一致且謂語中含有be動詞時,可省略從句中的主語和be動詞,該從句中省略了主語Goffin's cockatoos和be動詞are。故填moving。8.hotter 考查特殊句式。句意:這個溫泉的神奇之處在于(周圍環境的)溫度越低,這個溫泉的溫度就越高!“the+比較級...,the+比較級...”表示“越……,越……”。根據本句中的“the colder the temperature gets”可知此處應填hotter。9.that/who 考查強調句。句意:在美國早期歷史中,是英國人在美洲建立了殖民地。此處考查強調句型,被強調部分為the English,指人,故填that或who。10.that 考查強調句。句意:我們都想知道為什么有那么多學生和他們的家人在暑假期間參觀波士頓地區的學校,如哈佛大學。分析句子可知,此處考查強調句的特殊疑問句形式,故填that。11.had 考查倒裝句。句意:英雄們剛下馬,主人就走了過來,沒戴帽子跟他們打招呼。分析句子結構可知,否定詞位于句首時,句子要用部分倒裝,即把助動詞、be動詞或情態動詞提到主語前。在“hardly...when...”結構中,主句使用過去完成時,從句使用一般過去時,故填had。12.as/though 考查倒裝句。句意:但我想向自己證明,盡管情況很艱難,但我還沒有筋疲力盡。沒有什么能阻擋我的路。分析句子可知,此處是倒裝結構:名詞(形容詞)+as/though+主語+系動詞,即as/though引導的讓步狀語從句,符合句意,故填as/though。13.are 考查倒裝句、時態和主謂一致。句意:在美國,只有當有人坐在駕駛座上時,無人駕駛汽車才允許在某些州上路。only接狀語從句位于句首時,主句要用部分倒裝,即把助動詞、be動詞或情態動詞提前。該句中主句的正常語序應是“driverless cars (be) allowed on roads in certain states”,主語driverless cars是復數形式,句子陳述一般事實,應用一般現在時,故填are。 14.should 考查虛擬語氣和倒裝。句意:要求我們在任何情況下都不能背叛自己,即使有金錢或美貌這樣的誘惑。“It is required that...”為固定句型,that引導的主語從句中常使用虛擬語氣,從句中謂語用“(should+)動詞原形”形式,在主語從句中,under no circumstances置于句首,從句使用部分倒裝,所以此處填should,位于主語we前面。15.but 考查固定結構。句意:在兩代人之間,往往不是他們的年齡而是受教育程度導致了誤解。此處為強調句,強調主語“often not their age, their education”,結合前面的not可知此處使用了not...but...的結構,意為“不是……而是……”。故填but。 16.Should 考查虛擬語氣。句意:如果你被解雇了,你可以直接來我的公司。根據句意及句子結構可知,逗號前為if引導的條件狀語從句的省略形式,并使用了虛擬語氣。當使用虛擬語氣的條件從句中有were/should/had(助動詞)時,可以省略if,將were/should/had(助動詞)提到主語前面,構成部分倒裝,即Should you be fired=If you should be fired。設空處位于句首,首字母大寫。故填Should。17.was fixing 考查固定句型。分析句子可知,此處為“be doing...when...”句型,表示一個動作正在進行,這時另一個動作突然發生。此處描述過去發生的事情,且主語為第三人稱單數,故填was fixing。18.will/can 考查祈使句的反意疑問句。句意:當你讀完那本書時,別忘了把它放回書架上,行嗎 陳述部分為否定的祈使句,附加問句應用will you或can you。故填will或can。19.rushed 考查完全倒裝和時態。句意:門一下開了,人群涌進來,憤怒地喊著。and連接并列分句,在后一分句中,表示方向的詞in置于句首,主語為the crowd,構成全部倒裝,由語境可知此處用一般過去時。故填rushed。素養提升練A語篇解讀 本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要介紹了周二凌晨,夢天實驗艙在天宮空間站成功與天和核心艙和問天實驗艙對接的相關情況。1.joined 考查動詞的時態。句意:周二凌晨,夢天實驗艙在中國天宮空間站成功與天和核心艙和問天實驗艙對接。根據時間狀語on the early morning of Tuesday可知,此處應用一般過去時。故填joined。2.second 考查數詞。句意:“夢天”是空間站的第二個實驗艙,第一個實驗艙是此前與天和對接的“問天”。表示“第二”應用序數詞second。3.previously 考查副詞。設空處修飾was connected with,應用副詞,故填previously。4.planned 考查過去分詞。句意:空間站已按計劃進入最后建設階段。此處為狀語從句的省略形式,當從句主語和主句主語一致或從句主語為it,且謂語中含有be動詞時,可省略從句中的主語和be動詞,The space station與plan之間是被動關系,故填planned。5.whose 考查定語從句。句意:這次(項目)進展順利應該歸功于科學家和工程師,以及所有那些為使空間站成為現實而奉獻和辛勤工作的人。設空處無提示詞,空前為those,those和devotion and hard work構成所屬關系,所以設空處引導定語從句,關系詞在從句中作定語,故填whose。6.a 考查冠詞。分析句子可知此處為“make+賓語+賓補”結構,reality表示“事實;實際經歷”時為可數名詞,make sth. a reality“使某事成為現實”。故填a。7.ambitious 考查形容詞。句意:中國從未放棄獲得先進空間能力、成為太空探索先鋒的宏偉目標,以幫助擴大我們對宇宙的認識。設空處修飾名詞goal,應用形容詞,作定語,故填ambitious。8.to help 考查不定式。so as to do sth.表示“為了做某事”。故填to help。9.to 考查介詞。句意:中國因其航天成就而自豪也是在表達對做出貢獻的人們的感謝。thanks to sb.表示“對某人的感謝”。故填to。10.foundation 考查名詞。句意:堅持準備好、組織好、執行好太空任務是中國航空航天工業不斷達到新高度的基礎。設空處作表語,結合空前的the可知此處應用名詞foundation。難句分析原句 This smooth progress should be owed to scientists and engineers and all those whose devotion and hard work has made the space station a reality.分析 本句是主從復合句。whose引導定語從句,修飾先行詞those,本句中those指代人,“made the space station a reality”為“make+賓語+賓補”結構。譯文 這次(項目)進展順利應該歸功于科學家和工程師,以及所有那些為使空間站成為現實而奉獻和辛勤工作的人。B語篇解讀 本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了土耳其發生7.8級大地震,來自中國的救援人員積極趕往土耳其,從被毀的建筑物廢墟中尋找幸存者的事情。11.survivors 考查名詞的數。設空處作賓語,由語境可知應用名詞,survivor是可數名詞,不止一位幸存者,所以用復數形式,故填survivors。12.The 考查冠詞。句意:當地時間周一凌晨4點17分,這場強烈地震在土耳其和鄰國敘利亞造成了嚴重而廣泛的破壞,隨后發生了數百次余震,截至周三,奪去了這兩個國家的一萬一千多人的生命。由上下文可知,這里的earthquake是指上文提到的土耳其地震,表示特指。故填The。13.claiming 考查現在分詞。分析句子結構可知,設空處作結果狀語,claim與其邏輯主語earthquake之間是主動關系,所以用現在分詞形式。故填claiming。claim在此處表示“奪去(生命)”。14.was 考查倒裝、時態和主謂一致。句意:周三啟程前往土耳其的民間團隊中包括藍天救援,這是一個非營利的中國民間組織,其成員來自中國不同的省。由語境可知,此處描述的是過去的事情,所以用一般過去時。此處為完全倒裝,主語是Blue Sky Rescue,故填was。15.whose 考查定語從句。句意見上題。分析句子結構可知,“ members come from different provinces of China”是定語從句,先行詞是organization,設空處在從句中作定語,故填whose。 16.on 考查介詞。句意:此外,中國82人的官方救援隊在飛機上攜帶大量救災物資和設備,于當地時間周三凌晨4點30分抵達土耳其南部的阿達納。這里考查介詞短語on board,意為“在飛機上”。故填on。prised 考查動詞的時態。句意:獲得聯合國認證的中國團隊由高素質、裝備精良的人員組成,有能力在兩個地點同時高效地開展搜救行動。設空處為句子謂語,由語境可知,此處描述的是過去的事情,所以用一般過去時。故填comprised。18.efficiently 考查副詞。句意見上題。分析句子可知,設空處修飾動詞短語carry out,應用副詞。故填efficiently。19.to join 考查動詞不定式。句意:中國機械巨頭徐州工程機械集團已指派其在土耳其的分公司加入救援活動,并部署了許多臺設備來幫助救援工作。assign...to do sth.是固定用法,表示“指派……做某事”。故填to join。20.stationed 考查過去分詞。句意見上題。分析句子結構可知,此處為“with+賓語+賓補”結構,動詞station和equipment是邏輯上的被動關系,所以用過去分詞形式,表示被動。故填stationed。熟詞生義1.claim 熟義:v.宣稱;聲稱 生義:v.奪走;奪去(生命)2.station 熟義:n.火車站 生義:v.安置,派駐難句分析原句 Among the civilian teams that left for Turkey on Wednesday was Blue Sky Rescue, a nonprofit Chinese civilian organization, whose members come from different provinces of China.分析 句子主干部分為一個倒裝句“Among the civilian teams was Blue Sky Rescue”,其中that引導定語從句,修飾teams;a nonprofit Chinese civilian organization是Blue Sky Rescue的同位語,進行解釋和說明;“whose members come from different provinces of China”是定語從句,修飾organization。譯文 周三啟程前往土耳其的民間團隊中包括藍天救援,這是一個非營利的中國民間組織,其成員來自中國不同的省。 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源預覽 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫