資源簡介

單元提升卷
滿分150分,限時(shí)120分鐘
第一部分　聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)
第一節(jié) (共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)
　　聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的 A、B、C 三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
1.How many days is the woman older than the man
A.Three.　　　　B.Four.　　　　C.Seven.
2.What is the man's favourite sport
A.Soccer.　　　　B.Basketball.　　　　C.Tennis.
3.What happened to the man last week
A.He lost his job.
B.He bought a newspaper.
C.He refused his co-workers.
4.What are the speakers going to play
A.Bridge.　　　　B.Chess.　　　　C.Card games.
5.What does the woman do
A.A driver.　　　　B.A doctor.　　　　C.A receptionist.
第二節(jié) (共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)
　　聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。
6.Which mail service did the man choose
A.Express.　　　　B.Priority.　　　　C.First-class.
7.How much did the man spend on the stamps
A.$9.　　　　B.$11.35.　　　　C.$20.35.
聽第7段材料,回答第8至10題。
8.When did the man start using the websites
A.In college.
B.In high school.
C.In primary school.
9.Which website does the man like best
A..
B..
C..
10.What is the woman probably doing
A.Asking for advice.
B.Doing a survey.
C.Searching a website.
　　聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。
11.Why does the woman fancy the washing-up liquid advertisement
A.The product is good.
B.The plot is attractive.
C.The actors are famous.
12.How is the washing-up liquid advertisement
A.Trustworthy.
B.Educational.
C.Widespread.
13.What's the woman's attitude to the advertisement
A.Critical.　　　　B.Supportive.　　　　C.Indifferent.
　　聽第9段材料,回答第14至17題。
14.Who does the woman seek the grammar book for
A.Her daughter.　　　　B.Her friend.　　　　C.Herself.
15.How is the book Delhi
A.Touching.　　　　B.Interesting.
C.Well-received.
16.When can the woman get the novel Delhi
A.This weekend.
B.Next week.
C.Next month.
17.Where does the conversation take place
A.In a library.
B.In a supermarket.
C.In a bookstore.
　　聽第10段材料,回答第18至20題。
18.What is the speaker mainly talking about
A.A travel experience.
B.A travel agency.
C.A travel plan.
19.What is a challenge for the speaker during the trip
A.Poor weather.
B.Unavoidable work.
C.Unavailable Internet access.
20.Which is the best part of the trip
A.Diving in the Great Barrier Reef.
B.Feeding elephants.
C.The hot-air balloon ride.
第二部分　閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)
第一節(jié) (共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)
　　閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
　
The 2023 Saving Endangered Species Youth Art Contest
Join us for our 6th annual Endangered Species Youth Art Contest! In celebration of Endangered Species Day (May 19, 2023), Roger Williams Park Zoo is accepting art entries from local K-12 grade students in the New England area showing threatened and endangered species. Together we hope to raise awareness of the importance of saving endangered species and their wild habitats.
Winners will be formally announced by May 2023.
Rules & Art Submission Instructions:
▲All entries are to be submitted electronically. Web form will be made available beginning February 1,2023.
▲Students' artworks must be puter-produced images will NOT be judged.
▲All artworks must be about threatened/endangered species.
▲Each art entry must also include a short explanation (3-5 sentences) as to why saving your chosen species from extinction is important.
Deadline: Entries must be received by Sunday, April 2,2023. Late entries will not be judged.
2023 Art Contest Prizes
GRAND PRIZE
▲One Family RWP Zoo membership (a $149 value; or an extra year added to current Zoo membership)
▲An adopt-an-animal package of your choice
▲One $100 gift card
　　GRADE CATEGORY WINNERS (Grades K-2, Grades 3-12)
Each winner shall receive:
★Six general daytime admission tickets to RWP Zoo
★One $25 gift card
HONORABLE MENTIONS (Grades K-2,Grades 3-12)
Each honorable mention shall receive:
Four general daytime admission tickets to RWP Zoo
An award certificate
All winning artworks will be highlighted on the Zoo's website and social media pages, and in the Zoo's summer WILD Magazine issue.
21.How can you submit your artwork
A.By sending it in an envelope.
B.By turning it in on the website.
C.By handing it to the zoo in person.
D.By having it delivered to the judges.
22.What should you explain in your entry
A.The habitats of threatened and endangered species.
B.The relationship between humans and endangered species.
C.The measures to protect endangered species.
D.The reason of protecting your targeted species.
23.What award will a grand prize winner get
A.A choice to adopt an animal.
B.One $25 gift card.
C.An exhibition of the artwork all year round.
D.Six general daytime admission tickets to RWP Zoo.
B
　　On an extremely cold December night, fire trucks arrived in the sleepy little town of Manton, Michigan and shot to Chittle's home. Was it due to a fire or a child climbing too high to a dangerous place Rather, it was for helping make a dream come true.
Outdoor activities and a slow pace of life are a mainstay in this rural town. When people were unable to leave the community, Scott Chittle decided they needed a safe place to come together and something joyful during the winter months. And what is a better outdoor activity to get people outside than ice skating
To fulfil his dream, Chittle downloaded instructions on how to build an ice rink and then ordered a 3,000 square foot waterproof cloth and some wood to create walls online. It took 12 fire trucks to get enough water to fill the plot.
It took a little time and some neighborly persuasion as Chittle went door to door to convince people to come to see his creation, and soon Chittle's backyard ice rink became a Manton hot spot. Children were skating and shooting, a fire was burning, and hot chocolate was steaming in cups.“When things were tough, it was a place,”says Chittle's neighbor Audrey Hooker. “It was fantastic because we just came together and became calm and happy instead of concerned.”
But the goodwill didn't stop with Chittle. When the community heard how much money he used to make this project happen, everyone stepped forward. A fundraiser brought in about $1,300, and letters flooded to Chittle's home stuffed with cash. “Almost 30 complete strangers knocked on my door to just shake my hand and say thank you, most of them handing me money as well and three asking for a hug,” says Chittle. “This has been a community thing. It's more than me. I want to show the rest of the world what a little effort and the best intentions can do.”
24.Why did fire trucks come to Manton
A.To deal with an emergency.
B.To send water to the community.
C.To ensure people's safety in the town.
D.To help Chittle build the ice rink.
25.What did Chittle do to carry out his project
A.Persuade his neighbors to make donations.
B.Purchase a piece of land behind his house.
C.Turn to the Internet for tips and materials.
D.Research the popular lifestyles in Manton.
26.How did the ice rink affect the community
A.It made the community popular in Manton.
B.It slowed down the pace of the residents' life.
C.It offered people there comfort and company.
D.It inspired the residents to do outdoor activities.
27.What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean
A.Everyone could make a difference to society.
B.Chittle received acts of kindness from others.
C.The community got better due to the ice rink.
D.Chittle was friendly to the whole community.
C
　　In the 20th century, conservationists set out to restore the Galapagos giant tortoise (巨型陸龜) on Espa ola—and the island ecosystem. From 1963 to 2020, conservationists reintroduced nearly 2,000 Galapagos giant tortoises to Espa ola. Since then, the tortoises have continued to multiply in the wild, causing the population to blossom to an estimated 3,000. They've also seen the ecological transformation of Espa ola.
The tortoises' return has also helped the critically endangered waved albatross (信天翁)—a species that multiplies only on Espa ola. During the island's woody times, Maud Quinzin, a conservation geneticist who has previously worked with Galapagos tortoises, says that people had to repeatedly clear the areas the seabirds use as runways to take off and land. Now, if the landing places are getting overgrown, they'll move tortoises into the area to take care of it for them. The secret to this success is that—much like brown bears and elephants—giant tortoises are ecological architects. As they wander around, they change the landscape. They step on young trees and bushes before they can grow big enough to block the albatrosses' way.
The giant tortoises likewise have a big impact on the giant species of prickly pear cactuses(梨果仙人掌) that call Espa ola home—one of the tortoises' favorite foods and an essential resource for the island's other inhabitants. When the tortoises eat the cactus's fallen leaves, they prevent them from taking root and competing with their parents. And, after they eat the cactus's fruit, they drop the seeds across the island, offering a protective shell of fertilizer.
The extent of these and other ecological effects of the tortoise are documented in a new study by James Gibbs, a conservation scientist of the giant tortoise restoration program. The results, he says, are a good sign for other rewilding projects that include giant tortoise restoration as a keystone of their efforts, such as those underway on other islands of the Galapagos and the Mascarene Islands in the Indian Ocean.
28.What is a result of reintroducing the Galapagos giant tortoise to Espa ola
A.Endangerment of other species.
B.Restoration of the local ecosystem.
C.Decrease in giant tortoises' population.
D.Transformation of rewilding projects.
29.How did the giant tortoise influence the waved albatross
A.By reducing the extent of woody plants.
B.By spreading the seeds of a key species.
C.By creating more living habitats for them.
D.By limiting the number of their competitors.
30.What is James Gibbs's attitude towards the giant tortoise project
A.Unclear.　　　　B.Negative.　　　　C.Positive.　　　　D.Dismissive.
31.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.Endangered Species Are Hard to Be Restored
B.Once-endangered Species Blossom in Galapagos Islands
C.Espa ola Became a Wonderland for Galapagos Giant Tortoises
D.Galapagos Giant Tortoises Prove Their Worth as Ecosystem Engineers
D
　　In our human-centric view, the ability to shoot ink or change colors may seem odd, but you know what's really odd Menopause (更年期). You can count species other than humans known to experience and outlive menopause on one hand. Only Orcas (虎鯨) and some whale populations have females that live long past their reproductive years to become grandmothers. But a new, landmark study confirms that at least one population of chimpanzees can now be added to the list.
The discovery comes as the result of 21 years' worth of observing the Ngogo community of wild chimpanzees in Kibale National Park, Uganda. Studying urine from 66 Ngogo females, aged 14 to 67, showed that their hormone levels changed after approaching 50, confirming they were in menopause. Interestingly, 50 is also the age when many people begin to experience menopause. “It's really cool to finally have that piece of the puzzle come into place,” says Catherine Hobaiter, a primatologist who was not part of the new study.
But Catherine points out that the Ngogo community lives in a chimp paradise: the resource-rich, well-protected Kibale National Park that also lacks leopards, their main predator. And because the Ngogo community is found in the heart of the park, its only neighbors are other chimps—not humans who can expose chimpanzees to viruses that have devastated other communities. “The Ngogo population may be an outlier when it comes to the rest of the species,” she cautions.
And there is a question concerning “the grandmother effect”, according to which a grandmother has a decidedly beneficial effect on her children and grandchildren. Chimpanzees do not form long-term pair-bonds and females leave in search of new communities when they reach maturity, which means grandmother chimpanzees likely don't know who their grandchildren are in the same way humans or even orcas do. What they do after the menopause remains a question of interest. “And that's all future work to be done,” said Catherine.
32.What can be learned about menopause
A.It is rare among animals.
B.It is unique to human beings.
C.It just occurs at the age of 50.
D.It is experienced only by females.
33.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A.Scientists have found the solution to menopause.
B.What happens to the 66 Ngogo females remains a puzzle.
C.There is a puzzle whether chimpanzee females experience menopause.
D.The latest discovery casts new light on the puzzle of animal menopause.
34.Why does Catherine mention the living situation of the Ngogo community
A.To stress the importance of protecting chimpanzees from viruses.
B.To remind researchers of the potential limitation of the new study.
C.To prove that Ngogo chimpanzees are perfect subjects of the study.
D.To argue that the discovery of the new study is completely groundless.
35.How is the last paragraph developed
A.By offering a definition.
B.By drawing a conclusion.
C.By presenting relevant facts.
D.By giving examples and opinions.
第二節(jié) (共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)
　　閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
　　Few sights fill you with nostalgia (懷舊) like the fireflies dancing at night. 36.　　　. Their populations are declining around the world as the threats against them are increasing. Sara Lewis, an expert who studies the insects, offers tips on what you can do to ensure that fireflies will continue to light up your backyard.
Create a firefly habitat
37.　　　. With about 2,000 different species of fireflies, there's a wide variety of environments in which they thrive(茁壯成長)—including wetlands, forests, and even city parks—which is why some species are more threatened than others. “You can recreate those conditions in your own backyard simply by leaving some leaf litter around the edges of your property,”Lewis says. “That's a good microhabitat for fireflies.”
38.　　
Flashing lights is an important part in fireflies' life. As the sun sets, male fireflies move around while flashing their lights to signal their interest. If a nearby female is interested, she flashes back from her position to the ground, and the males fly down to find her. “All of that has to happen for the next generation to survive,” says Lewis. “However, light pollution makes those scenes much harder to see. It's like cutting a phone line. It really stops the romance. 39.　　　. You can draw your curtains at night and turn off the lights completely when possible.”
Stop using pesticides (殺蟲劑)
Using pesticides in your yard also poses an existential threat to fireflies, which are insects after all. 40.　　　. Scientists are researching alternatives to chemical pesticides that could target specific species, like mosquitoes, while leaving other insects unharmed.
A.Reduce light pollution
B.Make a fire in the open air
C.Luckily, there are some solutions
D.But these beloved insects are in trouble
E.The living conditions of fireflies are getting better
F.The biggest threat facing fireflies today is the loss of their habitats
G.Most of the pesticides will kill less-beloved insects as well as fireflies
第三部分　語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)
第一節(jié) (共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)
　　閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的 A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
　　In 2014, a sophomore student at the National Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts went with friends for a birthday 　41　 to Beijing Zoo. Little did he know that a chance 　42　 at the aquarium there would bring a lifelong 　43　. As Xu Yitang gazed upon varieties of corals (珊瑚蟲), a sense of wonder 　44　 him. Lost in the beauty and mystery of the creatures, he spent the entire afternoon in front of them.
After he first saw corals at the aquarium, he began to 　45　 the local market to learn coral farming from 　46　 who sell plants, fish, and corals. He also searched for information online. Before long, he had set up a small fish tank and started 　47　 a coral. “The coral is quite 　48　 and has extremely high requirements for water quality,” recalls Xu. “When I started growing corals, their 　49　 was not good.”
As Xu gained knowledge about corals, including how to 　50　 factors like water temperature, pH levels and trace element (微量元素) concentrations during the cultivation process, his corals gradually started to 　51　. As he knew more about the creature, he learned that coral reefs are 　52　 as “tropical rainforests” and “underwater gardens” of the ocean, providing a home for a quarter of all 　53　 life. However, with the 　54　 of the greenhouse effect, rising sea temperatures have led to coral decay. Xu felt an increasing sense of urgency and responsibility to protect them.
After graduating from the university, he 　55　 the opportunity to become a coral conservationist and officially joined a research team in Hainan.
41.A.cake　　　　B.celebration　　　　C.dinner　　　　D.card
42.A.miss　　　　B.approval　　　　C.encounter　　　　D.check
43.A.passion　　　　B.consumption　　　　C.invitation　　　　D.conclusion
44.A.washed over　　　　B.broke down
C.faded away　　　　D.wandered about
45.A.leave　　　　B.ask　　　　C.frequent　　　　D.tell
46.A.strangers　　　　B.merchants　　　　C.servants　　　　D.passengers
47.A.selling　　　　B.drawing　　　　C.making　　　　D.cultivating
48.A.strong　　　　B.beautiful　　　　C.huge　　　　D.fragile
49.A.shape　　　　B.state　　　　C.color　　　　D.length
50.A.cease　　　　B.obtain　　　　C.regulate　　　　D.predict
51.A.move　　　　B.die　　　　C.change　　　　D.flourish
52.A.known　　　　B.dressed　　　　C.used　　　　D.disguised
53.A.rare　　　　B.marine　　　　C.adorable　　　　D.artificial
54.A.strengthening　　　　B.decreasing　　　　C.switching　　　　D.expanding
55.A.lost　　　　B.devoted　　　　C.seized　　　　D.tackled
第二節(jié) (共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)
　　閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
　　In Chinese folk myths and legends, red-crowned cranes 56.　　　　　 (consider) to be birds from heaven. They are a symbol of long life and happiness. Many Chinese gods are portrayed riding the cranes and 57.　　　　　 (fly) through the sky. What makes the red-crowned crane so special
The red-crowned crane gains its name from a patch of red color on the crown. But don't be fooled—the red patch is not a feather but bare skin. The red-crowned crane has a snow-white body and tail feathers, 58.　　　　　 give it a kind of nobility and unmatched beauty. The male bird has 59.　　　　　 black neck and cheeks, while the female's color is grey. The red-crowned crane is among the largest cranes.
The family of the crane has 15 different species in total, and nine of them are in China. The red-crowned cranes in China 60.　　　　　 (main) breed in the northeast such as Heilongjiang. From late September to October, the birds start to migrate south and spend the winter in 61.　　　　　 (province) such as Jiangsu and Shandong.
Yancheng Wetland, 62.　　　　　 (locate) in east China's Jiangsu Province, is a paradise for the red-crowned cranes to spend the winter, not only because the water there never completely 63.　　　　　 (freeze) over winter, but also because the sufficient food 64.　　　　　 safe reeds (蘆葦) as a habitat have provided the rare birds 65.　　　　　 an ideal living environment.
第四部分　寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)
第一節(jié) (滿分15分)
　　2023年6月5日是第50個(gè)世界環(huán)境日,主題是“減塑撿塑”(Beat Plastic Pollution)。你校將以此為主題,舉辦英語征文比賽。請你寫一篇短文投稿,內(nèi)容包括:
1.減少塑料污染的重要性;
2.“減塑撿塑”的倡議。
注意:1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右;
2.短文的題目已為你寫好,可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。
Beat Plastic Pollution
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第二節(jié) (滿分25分)
　　閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
　　Standing at the Police Outpost Lake's edge, I was fishing with Isaiah, my cousin, our fishing tackle box nearby on the shore. Actually, I'd learned to fish from my dad. He'd taught me to fish alone, in silence, lost in my own thoughts, like meditation. He'd taught me everything I knew about fishing. Then, he passed away.
“Jacob, where should I stand ”asked Isaiah.
“Be quiet or else we won't catch any fish,” I whispered.
Isaiah frowned, pouting(噘嘴), but it was “message received”.
“Why do I have to be so quiet ”asked quietly Isaiah. “All those birds are making way more noise than I ever could!”
I ignored him, pulling back on my rod, squinting into the glare of the sun. Out of the corner of my eye, I caught a glimpse of a few great northern loons(潛鳥) gathering together not far from the shoreline. My mind traveled back to the past. My dad had been a fish and wildlife officer. He loved his job, especially the part where he protected nature from humans. When he returned, we sat on the couch together, and he amused me with stories of life on the road. He once mentioned that the loon could easily stab(刺) people to death with its beak!
Suddenly, Isaiah's voice brought me back, “Look, something was coming.” Following the direction he was pointing in, I saw a loon, wailing and making sounds, swam away from the group, toward us.
Walking into the water, getting closer to the loon, we both saw thin wire wrapped around its neck and blood spots on its wing. Fishing line maybe Was it the hook(鉤)on the line that made it bleed Was the loon asking us for help
注意:續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右。
Reaching down, I touched its head, my heart racing.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　Afraid, I held it out at arm's length, and Isaiah cut away the fishing line using the scissors.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
答案全解全析
單元提升卷
第二部分　閱讀
第一節(jié)
A
語篇解讀　本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了關(guān)于瀕危物種青年藝術(shù)大賽的情況,涉及比賽的規(guī)則、獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)等。
21.B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Rules & Art Submission Instructions部分中的“All entries are to be submitted electronically. Web form will be made available beginning February 1, 2023.(所有參賽作品均以電子方式提交。網(wǎng)絡(luò)表格將于2023年2月1日開始提供。)”可知,參賽作品應(yīng)該通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)提交。故選B項(xiàng)。
同義表達(dá)
　　B項(xiàng)中的“By turning it in on the website”是Rules & Art Submission Instructions部分中的“be submitted electronically”的同義表達(dá)。
22.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Rules & Art Submission Instructions部分中的“Each art entry must also include a short explanation (3-5 sentences) as to why saving your chosen species from extinction is important.[每個(gè)參賽的藝術(shù)作品還必須包括一個(gè)簡短的解釋(3~5句話),說明為什么拯救你選擇的物種免于滅絕是重要的。]”可知,參賽作品中要解釋為什么保護(hù)你選擇的這個(gè)物種。故選D項(xiàng)。
23.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GRAND PRIZE部分中的“An adopt-an-animal package of your choice(一個(gè)你自己選擇的動(dòng)物收養(yǎng)套餐)”可知,最高獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)獲得者可以選擇收養(yǎng)一個(gè)動(dòng)物。故選A項(xiàng)。
熟詞生義
issue　熟義:n.問題　生義:n.一期,期號(hào)
B
語篇解讀　本文是一篇記敘文。由于天氣寒冷,居民們活動(dòng)受限,Scott Chittle決定建造溜冰場,以供社區(qū)居民進(jìn)行戶外活動(dòng)。
24.D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句可知,十二月的晚上,消防車到達(dá)了密歇根州沉睡的曼頓小鎮(zhèn),沖向了Chittle的家。結(jié)合第二段最后一句“And what is a better outdoor activity to get people outside than ice skating ”和第三段最后一句“It took 12 fire trucks to get enough water to fill the plot.”可知,在十二月的一個(gè)晚上,消防車趕往曼頓小鎮(zhèn),幫助Chittle修建溜冰場。故選D。
25.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句可知,為了實(shí)現(xiàn)他的夢想,Chittle下載了如何建造溜冰場的說明,然后在網(wǎng)上訂購了3,000平方英尺的防水布和一些木頭來建造墻壁。據(jù)此可知,為了實(shí)現(xiàn)建溜冰場這一夢想,Chittle在網(wǎng)上下載了建造教程并購買了所需材料。故選C。
易錯(cuò)分析
　　本題易錯(cuò)選B項(xiàng),B項(xiàng)屬于偷換概念。根據(jù)第三段的“To fulfil his dream, Chittle downloaded instructions on how to build an ice rink and then ordered a 3,000 square foot waterproof cloth and some wood to create walls online.”可知,為了實(shí)現(xiàn)他的夢想,Chittle下載了如何建造溜冰場的說明,然后在網(wǎng)上訂購了一塊3,000平方英尺的防水布和一些木頭來筑墻。該處并沒有說明他買了房子后面的一塊地,故排除B項(xiàng)。
26.C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“When things were tough, it was a place”可知,當(dāng)情況艱難時(shí),它是一個(gè)地方;結(jié)合“It was fantastic because we just came together and became calm and happy instead of concerned.”可知,在形勢艱難的時(shí)候,Chittle建的溜冰場成了一個(gè)讓人們可以聚在一起,感到平靜和快樂,而不是擔(dān)心的地方。由此可推斷,Chittle建的溜冰場帶給社區(qū)居民慰藉和陪伴。故選C。
27.B　句意理解題。根據(jù)上文提到的Chittle為社區(qū)建溜冰場和畫線句下面兩句“When the community...Chittle's home stuffed with cash.”可知,當(dāng)社區(qū)聽說他花了多少錢來實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目時(shí),每個(gè)人都主動(dòng)幫忙。一場籌款活動(dòng)帶來了大約1,300美元,人們給Chittle家里寄去了裝有現(xiàn)金的信件。據(jù)此可知,畫線部分表示善意并沒有在Chittle這里終止,Chittle收到了其他人的善意。故選B。
C
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了加拉帕戈斯巨型陸龜被重新引入Espa ola島后,該島的生態(tài)環(huán)境逐漸得以恢復(fù)。
28.B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“From 1963 to 2020...transformation of Espa ola.”可知,從1963年到2020年,環(huán)保主義者將近2,000只加拉帕戈斯巨型陸龜放歸Espa ola島。從那以后,這種陸龜在野外持續(xù)繁殖,使其數(shù)量達(dá)到了大約3,000只。他們也看到了Espa ola的生態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)型。據(jù)此可知,放歸加拉帕戈斯巨型陸龜?shù)男袨橛兄诨謴?fù)當(dāng)?shù)氐纳鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選B項(xiàng)。
29.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Now, if the landing places are getting...block the albatrosses' way.”可知,現(xiàn)在,如果著陸點(diǎn)雜草叢生,他們就會(huì)把巨型陸龜轉(zhuǎn)移到這個(gè)地方來為他們管理這里。這一成功的秘訣在于——就像棕熊和大象一樣——巨型陸龜是生態(tài)建筑師。當(dāng)它們四處游蕩時(shí),它們改變了景觀。在小樹和灌木叢長到足以擋住信天翁的路之前,它們就會(huì)被巨龜踩倒。據(jù)此可知,巨型陸龜?shù)挠问帟?huì)阻止小樹和灌木叢過度生長,即減少了木本植物的范圍。故選A項(xiàng)。
30.C　推理判斷題。
①根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞“James Gibbs's attitude”定位到最后一段。
②根據(jù)最后一段中的“The results, he says...of their efforts” 可知,他說,這一結(jié)果對其他將巨型陸龜恢復(fù)作為他們努力的基石的再野生化項(xiàng)目來說是一個(gè)好兆頭。據(jù)此可知,James Gibbs認(rèn)為其他涉及巨型陸龜?shù)脑僖吧?xiàng)目有望和該項(xiàng)目一樣取得良好的結(jié)果,因此他的態(tài)度是積極樂觀的。故選C項(xiàng)。
技巧點(diǎn)撥
　　如該題,根據(jù)尾段的內(nèi)容可以推知James Gibbs的態(tài)度是積極樂觀的。
31.D　主旨大意題。通讀全文可知,文章主要介紹了加拉帕戈斯巨型陸龜被重新引入Espa ola島后,該島的生態(tài)環(huán)境逐漸得以恢復(fù),島上的信天翁和梨果仙人掌從中受益。因此,D項(xiàng)“加拉帕戈斯巨型陸龜證明了自己作為生態(tài)系統(tǒng)工程師的價(jià)值”契合文章大意,適合作為標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。
難句分析
原句　During the island's woody times, Maud Quinzin, a conservation geneticist who has previously worked with Galapagos tortoises, says that people had to repeatedly clear the areas the seabirds use as runways to take off and land.
分析　本句為主從復(fù)合句。句中who引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾先行詞a conservation geneticist;that引導(dǎo)賓語從句,作says的賓語;the seabirds use as runways to take off and land為省略了關(guān)系代詞that的定語從句,修飾先行詞the areas。
譯文　曾與加拉帕戈斯陸龜一起工作過的保護(hù)遺傳學(xué)家Maud Quinzin說,在島上樹木繁茂的時(shí)期,人們不得不反復(fù)清理海鳥用作起降跑道的區(qū)域。
D
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),烏干達(dá)基巴萊國家公園的Ngogo種群中的一些雌性黑猩猩在經(jīng)歷更年期后仍然活著,這進(jìn)一步證明了人類不是唯一經(jīng)歷更年期的物種。
32.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“You can count species other than humans known to experience and outlive menopause on one hand.”可知,除了人類之外,你可以用一只手來計(jì)算經(jīng)歷并安然度過更年期的物種。據(jù)此可知,更年期在動(dòng)物中是很少見的。故選A。
33.D　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線部分前面的內(nèi)容可知,研究了66只年齡在14歲至67歲之間的來自Ngogo的雌性黑猩猩的尿液,發(fā)現(xiàn)它們的激素水平在接近50歲時(shí)發(fā)生了變化,證實(shí)它們已進(jìn)入更年期。有趣的是,50歲也是許多人開始經(jīng)歷更年期的年齡。據(jù)此可知,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)一些野生黑猩猩也經(jīng)歷更年期,即找到了研究更年期的線索。由此可知,畫線部分與D選項(xiàng)“The latest discovery casts new light on the puzzle of animal menopause.(這一最新發(fā)現(xiàn)為解開動(dòng)物更年期之謎提供了新的線索)”意思相近,符合題意。故選D。
技巧點(diǎn)撥
　　詞義猜測題主要考查考生猜測文章中某個(gè)單詞或詞塊的含義,或考查該詞(塊)能被哪個(gè)單詞或詞塊代替。此外,也會(huì)考查某一個(gè)熟詞在具體語境中的特殊含義。近幾年高考中,每套題一般考查一個(gè)小題,個(gè)別情況考查兩個(gè)小題,主要考查以下幾個(gè)方面:(1)綱外陌生詞(詞塊/習(xí)語);(2)陌生派生詞或合成詞;(3)熟詞(詞塊)生義;(4)有特殊含義的詞塊。詞義猜測題正確選項(xiàng)的特征:(1)含義和其字面意思沒有任何的關(guān)系。(2)上下文邏輯通順。(3)與原句意思最接近。詞義猜測題干擾選項(xiàng)的特征:(1)與所考詞匯形似。(2)如果考的是熟詞,含有常規(guī)詞義的往往是錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)。(3)句子解釋中含有過多原句中已有的詞和短語的選項(xiàng)一般是錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)。
34.B　推理判斷題。
①根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞“the living situation of the Ngogo community”定位到第三段。
②根據(jù)第三段中“But Catherine points out that ... leopards, their main predator.”可知,凱瑟琳指出,Ngogo種群生活在黑猩猩的天堂:資源豐富、保護(hù)良好的基巴萊國家公園,那里也沒有豹子,而豹子是它們的主要捕食者。根據(jù)該段中“‘The Ngogo population may be an outlier...species,’ she cautions.”可知,她提醒說:“與其他物種相比,Ngogo種群可能是一個(gè)例外。”據(jù)此可推知,凱瑟琳提及Ngogo種群的黑猩猩們生活環(huán)境優(yōu)越,不足以代表同物種的其他種群,是為了提醒研究人員這項(xiàng)新研究潛在的局限性。故選B。
技巧點(diǎn)撥
35.C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“And there is a question...way humans or even orcas do.”可知,研究中還有一個(gè)有關(guān)“祖母效應(yīng)”的問題,即祖母對她的子女和孫子、孫女有明顯的積極影響。黑猩猩不會(huì)形成長期的伴侶關(guān)系,雌性在成年后會(huì)離開原來的群落尋找新的群落,這意味著黑猩猩的祖母可能并不會(huì)像人類或虎鯨那樣知道自己的孫子、孫女是誰。據(jù)此可知,最后一段通過提到相關(guān)的事實(shí),即黑猩猩與人類在“祖母效應(yīng)”問題上的不同,闡述了進(jìn)一步研究的方向。由此推知,最后一段是通過提出相關(guān)事實(shí)來開展的。故選C。
熟詞生義
caution 熟義:n.謹(jǐn)慎,小心　生義:v.提醒,告誡
難句分析
原句　Chimpanzees do not form long-term pair-bonds and females leave in search of new communities when they reach maturity, which means grandmother chimpanzees likely don't know who their grandchildren are in the same way humans or even orcas do.
分析　本句為并列復(fù)合句。and連接兩個(gè)并列分句,when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句,which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,指代females leave in search of new communities when they reach maturity;who引導(dǎo)賓語從句,作know的賓語;humans or even orcas do為省略that的定語從句,修飾先行詞way。
譯文　黑猩猩不會(huì)形成長期的伴侶關(guān)系,雌性在成年后會(huì)離開去尋找新的群落,這意味著黑猩猩的祖母可能不會(huì)像人類或虎鯨那樣知道自己的孫子、孫女是誰。
第二節(jié)
語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。螢火蟲遭受的威脅日益增多,其數(shù)量也隨之急劇下降。為了能繼續(xù)欣賞螢火蟲在夏夜漫天飛舞的唯美景象,Sara Lewis為我們提供了幾個(gè)實(shí)用的辦法保護(hù)螢火蟲。
①通讀全文,把握文章大意和文章結(jié)構(gòu)
文章大意:保護(hù)螢火蟲
文章結(jié)構(gòu):總—分
②通讀選項(xiàng),了解各選項(xiàng)的中心點(diǎn),畫出關(guān)鍵詞
A.Reduce light pollution(保護(hù)螢火蟲的方法)
B.Make a fire in the open air(保護(hù)螢火蟲的方法)
C.Luckily, there are some solutions(承上啟下,提出解決措施)
D.But these beloved insects are in trouble(構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折,說明螢火蟲遭遇困境)
E.The living conditions of fireflies are getting better(介紹結(jié)果:生活條件改善)
F.The biggest threat facing fireflies today is the loss of their habitats(螢火蟲受到的威脅:喪失棲息地)
G.Most of the pesticides will kill less-beloved insects as well as fireflies(殺蟲劑的害處)
③把選項(xiàng)一一代入文章空處,尋找每個(gè)題最適合的選項(xiàng)
36.D　根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容可知,很少有什么場景能像螢火蟲在夜晚飛舞那樣讓你充滿懷舊之情。根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容可知,隨著它們面臨的威脅不斷增加,它們在世界各地的數(shù)量正在下降。據(jù)此可知,本句應(yīng)用表示轉(zhuǎn)折的詞語,與前文的美好相對,表達(dá)螢火蟲身處困境或面臨威脅,才能與語境相符。D項(xiàng)“But these beloved insects are in trouble (但是這些深受喜愛的螢火蟲卻身處困境)”符合題意。D項(xiàng)中的連詞But表示轉(zhuǎn)折,in trouble與空后的threats相呼應(yīng)。故選D。
37.F　根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Create a firefly habitat (創(chuàng)造一個(gè)螢火蟲棲息地)”及后文可知,大約有2,000種不同種類的螢火蟲,它們在各種各樣的環(huán)境中茁壯成長——包括濕地、森林,甚至城市公園。據(jù)此可知,此處應(yīng)談及與棲息地相關(guān)的話題。F項(xiàng)“The biggest threat facing fireflies today is the loss of their habitats(如今螢火蟲面臨的最大威脅就是它們的棲息地的消失)”符合題意。故選F。
38.A　根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容,尤其是“However, light pollution makes those scenes much harder to see. (然而,光污染使那些場景更難看到。)”可知,本段主要講述怎樣減少光污染對螢火蟲的影響。A項(xiàng)“Reduce light pollution (減少光污染)”適合作為本段小標(biāo)題。故選A。
技巧點(diǎn)撥
　　該題及上題設(shè)空都在段首,特點(diǎn)及技巧如下:
39.C　根據(jù)空后“You can draw your curtains at night and turn off the lights completely when possible.(晚上你可以把窗簾拉上,可能的話把燈完全關(guān)上。)”可知,這句描述的是對抗光污染的措施,故此處應(yīng)表達(dá)和“措施”相關(guān)的話題。C項(xiàng)“Luckily, there are some solutions (幸運(yùn)的是,有一些解決辦法)”符合題意,下文具體介紹了解決辦法。故選C。
40.G　根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Stop using pesticides(停止使用殺蟲劑)”及空前“Using pesticides in your yard also poses an existential threat to fireflies, which are insects after all. (在你的院子里使用殺蟲劑也會(huì)對螢火蟲構(gòu)成生存威脅,畢竟螢火蟲也是昆蟲。)”可知,此處應(yīng)談及與殺蟲劑相關(guān)的話題。G項(xiàng)“Most of the pesticides will kill less-beloved insects as well as fireflies (大部分殺蟲劑在殺死不大受喜愛的昆蟲的同時(shí)也會(huì)殃及螢火蟲)”符合題意。故選G。
難句分析
原句　With about 2,000 different species of fireflies, there's a wide variety of environments in which they thrive—including wetlands, forests, and even city parks—which is why some species are more threatened than others.
分析　本句為主從復(fù)合句。句中in which they thrive為“介詞+which”引導(dǎo)的定語從句,修飾先行詞a wide variety of environments;第二個(gè)which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,其中why引導(dǎo)表語從句。
譯文　大約有2,000種不同種類的螢火蟲,它們在各種各樣的環(huán)境中茁壯成長——包括濕地、森林,甚至城市公園——這就是有些物種比其他物種更受威脅的原因。
第三部分　語言運(yùn)用
第一節(jié)
語篇解讀　這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了徐一唐2014年偶然間在水族館看到了珊瑚,喜歡上了珊瑚,于是開始了解并且自己培育珊瑚。最終大學(xué)畢業(yè)后,他抓住了成為一名珊瑚保護(hù)主義者的機(jī)會(huì),正式加入了海南的一個(gè)研究小組。
41.B　句意:2014年,中國戲曲學(xué)院一名大二學(xué)生和朋友一起去北京動(dòng)物園慶祝生日。根據(jù)上文“for a birthday”可知,是去動(dòng)物園慶祝生日。故選B。cake蛋糕;celebration慶祝;dinner晚餐;card卡片。
42.C　句意:他一點(diǎn)也不知道,在那里的水族館的一次邂逅會(huì)帶來一生的熱愛。根據(jù)后文“As Xu Yitang gazed upon varieties of corals”可知,是一次和珊瑚蟲的邂逅。故選C。miss錯(cuò)過;approval贊成;encounter相遇,邂逅;check檢查。
43.A　句意同上。根據(jù)后文“As Xu Yitang gazed upon varieties of corals”和“Lost in the beauty and mystery of the creatures, he spent the entire afternoon in front of them.”可知,徐一唐喜歡上了珊瑚蟲,成了一生的愛好。故選A。passion熱愛,熱衷的愛好(或活動(dòng)等);consumption消耗,消費(fèi);invitation邀請;conclusion結(jié)論。
44.A　句意:當(dāng)徐一唐凝視著各種各樣的珊瑚蟲時(shí),一種好奇感涌上心頭。根據(jù)上文“a sense of wonder”可知,此處指一種好奇感涌上心頭。故選A。wash over涌上心頭;break down出故障;fade away逐漸消失;wander about閑逛。
易錯(cuò)分析
　　該題容易錯(cuò)選D項(xiàng),選錯(cuò)的原因是不知道選項(xiàng)中動(dòng)詞短語的意思和用法,對語境把握不準(zhǔn),誤以為D項(xiàng)表示“出現(xiàn)”。考生在復(fù)習(xí)備考時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)搜集一些常見的動(dòng)詞短語的用法,并熟練掌握。
45.C　句意:在他第一次在水族館看到珊瑚蟲后,他開始經(jīng)常去當(dāng)?shù)氐氖袌?向賣植物、魚和珊瑚蟲的商人學(xué)習(xí)珊瑚蟲養(yǎng)殖。根據(jù)后文“the local market to learn coral farming”可知,此處指常去當(dāng)?shù)氐氖袌觥９蔬xC。leave離開;ask詢問;frequent常去;tell告訴。
46.B　句意同上。根據(jù)后文定語從句“who sell plants, fish, and corals”可知,是賣植物、魚和珊瑚蟲的商人。故選B。stranger陌生人;merchant商人;servant仆人;passenger乘客。
47.D　句意:沒過多久,他就搭好了一個(gè)小魚缸,開始培育珊瑚蟲。根據(jù)上文“he had set up a small fish tank and started”可知,搭建魚缸是為了培育珊瑚蟲。故選D。 sell出售;draw繪畫;make制作;cultivate培育。
48.D　句意:“珊瑚非常脆弱,對水質(zhì)的要求非常高。”徐回憶說。根據(jù)后文“has extremely high requirements for water quality”可知,珊瑚蟲對水質(zhì)要求高,說明它很脆弱。故選D。strong強(qiáng)壯的;beautiful美麗的;huge巨大的;fragile脆弱的。
49.B　句意:當(dāng)我開始養(yǎng)珊瑚蟲時(shí),它們的狀態(tài)并不好。后文“As Xu gained knowledge about corals, including how to 　50　 factors like water temperature, pH levels and trace element concentrations during the cultivation process, his corals gradually started to 　51　.”提到隨著他增進(jìn)對珊瑚蟲的了解,包括在養(yǎng)殖過程中如何調(diào)節(jié)水溫、pH值和微量元素濃度等因素,他的珊瑚蟲逐漸開始茁壯成長,說明他一開始不知道怎么養(yǎng),珊瑚蟲狀態(tài)并不好。故選B。shape形狀;state狀態(tài);color顏色;length長度。
50.C　句意:隨著他增進(jìn)對珊瑚蟲的了解,包括在養(yǎng)殖過程中如何調(diào)節(jié)水溫、pH值和微量元素濃度等因素,他的珊瑚蟲逐漸開始茁壯成長。根據(jù)后文“factors like water temperature, pH levels and trace element concentrations during the cultivation process”可知,此處指在養(yǎng)殖過程中如何調(diào)節(jié)水溫、pH值和微量元素濃度等因素,故選C。cease終止;obtain獲得;regulate調(diào)節(jié),控制;predict預(yù)測。
51.D　句意同上。根據(jù)句意并結(jié)合后文“As he knew more about the creature”可知,隨著他不斷增加對珊瑚蟲的了解,掌握了相關(guān)知識(shí),知道怎么養(yǎng)珊瑚蟲了,他的珊瑚蟲才逐漸開始茁壯成長。故選D。move移動(dòng);die死亡;change改變;flourish茁壯成長。
52.A　句意:隨著他對這種生物的了解越來越多,他了解到珊瑚礁被稱為海洋的“熱帶雨林”和“水下花園”,為四分之一的海洋生物提供了家園。根據(jù)后文“as ‘tropical rainforests’”可知,此處為短語be known as表示“被稱為”。故選A。know知道; dress穿衣服;use使用;disguise偽裝。
53.B　句意同上。根據(jù)上文“of the ocean”可知,珊瑚礁為四分之一的海洋生物提供了家園。故選B。rare稀有的;marine海洋的;adorable可愛的;artificial人工的。
54.A　句意:然而,隨著溫室效應(yīng)的增強(qiáng),海洋溫度的上升導(dǎo)致了珊瑚的腐爛。根據(jù)后文“of the greenhouse effect, rising sea temperatures have led to coral decay”可知,溫室效應(yīng)增強(qiáng),海洋溫度上升從而導(dǎo)致了珊瑚的腐爛。故選A。strengthen加強(qiáng);decrease減少;switch轉(zhuǎn)換;expand擴(kuò)大。
55.C　句意:大學(xué)畢業(yè)后,他抓住了成為一名珊瑚保護(hù)主義者的機(jī)會(huì),正式加入了海南的一個(gè)研究小組。根據(jù)后文“the opportunity to become a coral conservationist”可知,此處指抓住機(jī)會(huì),成了珊瑚保護(hù)主義者。故選C。lose丟失;devote投入;seize抓住;tackle處理。
熟詞生義
1.chance 熟義:n.機(jī)會(huì)　生義:adj.意外的,偶然的
2.frequent 熟義:adj.頻繁的,經(jīng)常發(fā)生的
生義:v.常去
難句分析
原句　Little did he know that a chance encounter at the aquarium there would bring a lifelong passion.
分析　本句為主從復(fù)合句。本句使用了倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),否定詞Little置于句首,構(gòu)成部分倒裝:助動(dòng)詞did放在主語he的前面;that引導(dǎo)賓語從句,作know的賓語。
譯文　他一點(diǎn)也不知道,在那里的水族館的一次邂逅會(huì)帶來一生的熱愛。
第二節(jié)
語篇解讀　本文為一篇說明文。文章主要介紹的是丹頂鶴的相關(guān)情況。
56.are considered　考查時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:在中國民間神話傳說中,丹頂鶴被認(rèn)為是從天上來的鳥。句子描述客觀事實(shí),應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),丹頂鶴被認(rèn)為是從天上來的鳥,因此用被動(dòng)語態(tài),cranes是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填are considered。
57.flying　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:許多中國神仙被描繪成駕鶴在空中飛翔。are portrayed是謂語,空處用非謂語動(dòng)詞,gods和fly之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,因此空處用現(xiàn)在分詞,和riding并列,故填flying。
58.which　考查非限制性定語從句。句意:丹頂鶴有雪白的身體和尾羽,給它一種高貴和無與倫比的美。空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,從句中缺少主語,主語指代前面主句內(nèi)容的一部分,因此空處用which引導(dǎo)定語從句,故填which。
59.a　考查冠詞。句意:雄鳥有黑色的頸和臉頰,而雌鳥的顏色則是灰色的。neck是可數(shù)名詞,此處是單數(shù)形式,設(shè)空處表泛指,且black以輔音音素開頭,所以其前應(yīng)用不定冠詞a。故填a。
60.mainly　考查副詞。句意:中國的丹頂鶴主要在東北地區(qū)進(jìn)行繁殖,如黑龍江。空處用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞breed,main的副詞形式是mainly,意為“主要地”。故填mainly。
61.provinces　考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意:從9月下旬到10月,這些鳥開始向南遷徙,在江蘇和山東等省份過冬。由such as Jiangsu and Shandong可知,空處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù),表示不止一個(gè)省,故填provinces。
62.located　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:鹽城濕地位于中國東部的江蘇省,是丹頂鶴過冬的天堂,不僅因?yàn)槟抢锏乃诙煊肋h(yuǎn)不會(huì)完全結(jié)冰,而且因?yàn)槟抢镉谐渥愕氖澄锖桶踩奶J葦作為棲息地,為這種珍稀鳥類提供了理想的生存環(huán)境。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,主句謂語動(dòng)詞是is,空處用非謂語動(dòng)詞,Yancheng Wetland和locate之間存在邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系,因此空處用過去分詞作后置定語,故填located。
63.freezes　考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意見上題。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處作從句的謂語,句子描述客觀事實(shí),應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句主語water是不可數(shù)名詞,因此空處用第三人稱單數(shù)形式,故填freezes。
64.and　考查連詞。句意見62題。the sufficient food和safe reeds之間是并列關(guān)系,句子是肯定句,因此空處用and表并列,故填and。
65.with　考查介詞。句意見62題。provide sb. with sth.是固定短語,意為“給某人提供某物”,因此空處用介詞with。故填with。
難句分析
原句　Yancheng Wetland, located in east China's Jiangsu Province, is a paradise for the red-crowned cranes to spend the winter, not only because the water there never completely freezes over winter, but also because the sufficient food and safe reeds as a habitat have provided the rare birds with an ideal living environment.
分析　本句是主從復(fù)合句。句子主干為Yancheng Wetland is a paradise for the red-crowned cranes to spend the winter;located in east China's Jiangsu Province為過去分詞短語作后置定語;not only...but also...連接兩個(gè)because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句。
譯文　鹽城濕地位于中國東部的江蘇省,是丹頂鶴過冬的天堂,不僅因?yàn)槟抢锏乃诙煊肋h(yuǎn)不會(huì)完全結(jié)冰,而且因?yàn)槟抢镉谐渥愕氖澄锖桶踩奶J葦作為棲息地,為這種珍稀鳥類提供了理想的生存環(huán)境。
第四部分　寫作
第一節(jié)
寫作指導(dǎo)
One possible version:
Beat Plastic Pollution
　　June 5th, 2023 marks the 50th World Environment Day. As students, it is imperative for us to reflect on the profound theme of this year—“Beat Plastic Pollution”.【點(diǎn)明主題】
Plastic pollution causes severe damage to our planet. Where there is human activity, there is plastic waste, which is affecting marine life, wildlife, and even human health. Moreover, plastic waste contributes to greenhouse gas emissions, worsening the climate crisis.【減少塑料污染的重要性】
　　It's high time that we took measures to address this issue. Not only should we reduce our plastic consumption, for example, by using cloth shopping bags, but we should actively pick up and recycle plastic garbage and promote a culture of responsibility. 【具體措施】
What makes a real difference is our daily effort. Let's rise to this challenge and make every day a World Environment Day. 【發(fā)出倡議】
佳作亮點(diǎn)
1.重點(diǎn)詞匯
①reflect on認(rèn)真思考
②theme n.主題
③affect v.影響
④moreover adv.此外,而且
⑤contribute to導(dǎo)致
⑥pick up撿起
⑦make a difference有影響,有作用,有關(guān)系
2.精彩句式
①Where there is human activity, there is plastic waste, which is affecting marine life, wildlife, and even human health. (where引導(dǎo)狀語從句,which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句) 哪里有人類活動(dòng),哪里就有塑料垃圾,塑料垃圾正在影響海洋生物、野生動(dòng)物,甚至人類健康。
②Not only should we reduce our plastic consumption, for example, by using cloth shopping bags, but we should actively pick up and recycle plastic garbage and promote a culture of responsibility. [not only...but(also)...連接兩個(gè)并列分句,not only置于句首時(shí)其后的分句用部分倒裝]我們不僅應(yīng)該減少塑料的消耗,例如,通過使用布購物袋,而且我們應(yīng)該積極撿起并回收利用塑料垃圾,促進(jìn)責(zé)任文化。
③What makes a real difference is our daily effort. (What引導(dǎo)主語從句) 真正起作用的是我們每天的努力。
第二節(jié)
寫作指導(dǎo)
1.分析沖突點(diǎn),預(yù)設(shè)故事結(jié)尾。
故事人物 Isaiah, I, my dad
情節(jié)分析/ 沖突點(diǎn)分析 I was fishing with Isaiah, my cousin.We saw a loon swam away from the group, toward us. We both saw thin wire wrapped around its neck and blood spots on its wing.
預(yù)設(shè)結(jié)尾 “我”和堂弟Isaiah救助了潛鳥,充滿了成就感。
2.分析段首句,確定寫作思路。
由第一段和第二段首句確定第一段發(fā)展方向: 由第一段首句可知,“我”伸手去摸它的頭,心跳加速。 梳理情節(jié) 情節(jié)示例
潛鳥身上有何異樣 它為什么游向“我們” 釣線繞在脖子上,魚鉤勾在身上;它在向“我們”求助。
對于救助潛鳥,“我”有何顧慮 爸爸的話對“我”有何幫助 “我們”擔(dān)心潛鳥掙扎時(shí)啄傷“我們”。爸爸的話讓“我”想起應(yīng)當(dāng)把它當(dāng)成朋友。
“我”如何下定決心救助潛鳥 “我”讓堂弟去取剪刀剪斷釣線。
由第二段首句和預(yù)設(shè)結(jié)尾確定第二段發(fā)展方向: 由第二段首句可知,“我”很害怕,就用手抵著它,伸到一臂遠(yuǎn)的地方,Isaiah用剪刀把釣線剪掉。 潛鳥對剪斷釣線有何反應(yīng) 潛鳥沒有掙扎,知道“我們”在救它。
“我們”是怎樣取下鉤子的 “我們”小心翼翼地從潛鳥身上取出鉤子。
救助是否成功 “我們”的心情如何 “我們”成功救助了潛鳥,很有成就感。
One possible version:
　　Reaching down, I touched its head, my heart racing. I could see there was a shiny red hook embedded in its body, and its neck was wrapped tightly by the fishing line. Left like this, the loon couldn't survive. It was asking us to help! But if freed, would it stab us to death with its beak I hesitated. Somehow I felt my dad's presence, “Jacob, the bird won't hurt you. It needs your help. Be brave!” Taking a deep breath, I closed my eyes for a second to calm myself. “Isaiah, go and grab the scissors from the fishing tackle box,” I said firmly. Soon he came back with the tiny pair of scissors and I bent down to pick up the loon.
Afraid, I held it out at arm's length, and Isaiah cut away the fishing line using the scissors. Luckily, the loon was silent and things went well. “Now take out the hook, Isaiah. Hurry!” “All right! I will.” Isaiah bit at his lower lip. Slowly, his slim fingers worked to loosen the hook and pulled it out. Finally, the loon was freed. Isaiah and I breathed a sigh of relief. As I set it down on the water, it slapped its wings down slightly on the surface of the lake, seeming to be saying, “Thank you, boys.” Big smiles formed on our faces with a sense of accomplishment filling our heart. I decided to protect wildlife like my father and felt it our duty to protect nature.
佳作亮點(diǎn)
1.重點(diǎn)詞匯
①take a deep breath深呼吸
②take out取出
③breathe a sigh of relief松一口氣
④a sense of accomplishment成就感
2.精彩句式
①But if freed, would it stab us to death with its beak (狀語從句的省略)但是如果它被放了,它會(huì)用它的喙把我們刺死嗎
②As I set it down on the water, it slapped its wings down slightly on the surface of the lake, seeming to be saying, “Thank you, boys.”(As引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句,現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語)當(dāng)我把它放在水面上時(shí),它用翅膀輕輕拍打湖面,似乎在說:“謝謝你們,孩子們。”

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