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語法填空體裁微解：記敘文
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Passage 1 (2025全國II卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, ____56____ bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and ____57____ (center) heating doesn’t exist.
Nothing in my life before prepared me ____58____ this one-and to be sure, the first time I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area. But it’s amazing how you can adapt ____59____ learn in a new environment. Over time, I’ve found ____60____ (I) feeling extremely at home here. And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes ____61____ (be) one of them.
Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance ____62____ (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the ____63____ (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky ____64____ (afternoon) with lots of fresh air.
If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt ____65____ (leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders.
【參考答案】56. where 57. central 58. for 59. and 60. myself 61. is 62. to discover 63. absence 64. afternoons 65. left
【文本分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者從美國到中國浙江農村生活的經歷與感受。
【答案詳解】
56.考查定語從句。句意：然而現在，我和我的中國丈夫和他的家人住在中國浙江的農村，在那里山上野生竹子和茶樹叢生，雞總是自由放養的，而且沒有集中供暖。本空引導非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞the countryside of Zhejiang，China，關系詞代替先行詞在從句中作地點狀語，應用關系副詞where引導。故填where。
57.考查形容詞。句意同上。本空修飾名詞heating，應用形容詞central“中央的，中心的”，作定語。故填central。
58.考查介詞。句意：我生命中沒有任何事情能讓我為這一切做好準備——可以肯定的是，我第一次來到這里時，從未想過我會在這個地方感到舒適。prepare sb. for...“使某人為……做好準備”，固定搭配。故填for。
59.考查連詞。句意：但令人驚訝的是，你是如何適應并在新環境中學習的。adapt和learn是并列關系，應用連詞and連接。故填and。
60.考查反身代詞。句意：隨著時間的推移，我發現自己在這里有了賓至如歸的感覺。本空指代主語I，表示“我自己”，應用反身代詞myself。故填myself。
61.考查時態和主謂一致。句意：曬過的衣服的“陽光的味道”就是其中之一。本句描述的是一般事實，時態用一般現在時，且主語The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes為第三人稱單數，be動詞用is。故填is。
62.考查非謂語動詞。句意：在我的成長過程中，我的家人和鄰居從不使用晾衣繩晾曬衣物，這讓我沒有機會發現陽光的奇妙之處之一——將衣服曬了一整天后散發的甜美的“陽光的味道”。本句已有謂語used，此處應用非謂語動詞， chance to do sth.“做某事的機會”,本空用discover的不定式，作定語。故填to discover。
63.考查名詞。句意：我住的地方，曬干的衣服聞起來特別香，這要歸功于沒有煙霧，而且下午的天很藍天、空氣新鮮。本空作thanks to的賓語，應用名詞absence“缺乏，沒有”，不可數名詞。故填absence。
64.考查名詞的數。句意：我住的地方，曬干的衣服聞起來特別香，這要歸功于沒有煙霧，而且下午有很多藍天和新鮮空氣。afternoon“下午”是可數名詞，此處指不止一個下午，應用復數形式afternoons。故填afternoons。
65.考查非謂語動詞。句意：如果你從未體驗過在陽光下晾曬了一整天的床單或襯衫散發的“陽光的味道”，那么你就錯過了生活中的一大奇觀。本句已有謂語have experienced，此處應用非謂語動詞，a sheet or shirt和leave“使處于某種狀態”之間是邏輯動賓關系，應用過去分詞，作后置定語。故填left。
Passage 2（2023新高考Ⅱ卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach…the animals
Since June 2017, right before the 56 (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 57 (confidence) speaking English. And who do they speak English 58
Not the pandas, even though 59 language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 60 (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give 61 (interview) in English with international journalists. This is 62 they need an English trainer.
So, what are they learning 63 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop 64 to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I 65 (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.
【參考答案】56．arrival 57．confident 58．with 59．the 60．visiting 61．interviews 62．why 63．Basically 64．and 6．wished
【文本分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在柏林動物園教英語，回應了那些“質疑”的目光。
【答案詳解】
56．考查名詞。句意：從2017年6月開始，就在兩只新大熊貓“萌萌”和“嬌青”到來之前，我一直在幫助動物園的熊貓飼養員更舒服、更自信地說英語。分析句子結構可知，空前是冠詞，空后是介詞，所以空處應填名詞作介詞before的賓語，arrive的名詞形式是arrival，不可數名詞。故填arrival。
57．考查形容詞。句意：從2017年6月開始，就在兩只新大熊貓“萌萌”和“嬌青”到來之前，我一直在幫助動物園的熊貓飼養員更舒服、更自信地說英語。分析句子結構可知，空處和前文的comfortable并列，作并列表語，應用形容詞形式，confidence的形容詞形式是confident。故填confident。
58．考查介詞。句意：他們和誰說英語？分析句子結構可知，根據句意此處強調雙向交流，應用固定搭配：speak with sb.意為“與某人交談”。故填with。
59．考查冠詞。句意：不是熊貓，盡管醫學訓練指導使用的語言實際上是英語。分析句子結構可知，此處特指用于醫學訓練指導使用的語言，表特指，應用定冠詞修飾。故填the。
60．考查形容詞。句意：他們與蜂擁而至的國際游客和來訪的中國動物園管理員交談，這些管理員經常來檢查從中國租借來的大熊貓。分析句子結構可知，空后是名詞，所以空處應填形容詞作定語；visit對應的形容詞為visiting“來訪的”。故填visiting。
61．考查名詞的數。句意：他們還需要準備好用英語接受國際記者的采訪。分析句子結構可知，空前是動詞，所以空處應填名詞作賓語，interview意為“采訪”為可數名詞，不止一段采訪，應用復數形式。故填interviews。
62．考查表語從句。句意：這就是他們需要英語培訓師的原因。分析句子結構可知，空處引導表語從句，從句中結構完整，應該用連接副詞連接，前文提到需要培訓師的原因，此處是表達“這就是他們需要英語培訓師的原因”之意，應用why引導表語從句。故填why。
63．考查副詞。句意：基本上，如何描述熊貓的生活。分析句子結構可知，空處修飾空后整個句子，應該用副詞修飾，basic的副詞形式是basically位于句首，首字母應大寫。故填Basically。
64．考查連詞。句意：我很榮幸能看到熊貓項目的發展，看到熊貓們在新家安頓下來。分析句子結構可知，“to watch the panda programme develop”和“to see the pandas settle into their new home”兩者是并列關系，應該用and連接。故填and。
65．考查動詞時態。句意：作為一個小女孩，我希望長大后成為一名動物園管理員。分析句子結構可知，本句缺少謂語動詞，所以wish作本句謂語，和主語I之間是主動關系，根據后文的grew可知用一般過去時。故填wished。
Passage 3（2022新高考II卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (陽臺), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1. 2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___56___ (fall) child.
Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK.
___57___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ___58___ (sleep) while watching TV.
Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___59___ (see) them. When he looked down, he ___60___ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes ___61___ screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him.
Henry ___62___ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ___63___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.
He saved my ___64___ (son) life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know ___65___ to thank him. ”
"I just didn't want the boy to be hurt," said Henry.
【參考答案】56. falling 57. The 58. asleep 59. to see 60. accidentally 61. and 62. was fixing 63. threw 64. son's 65. how
【文本分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述的是正在修車的Henry拯救了掛在六樓公寓的陽臺上，即將要掉下來的小孩Eric的故事。
【答案詳解】
56.考查非謂語動詞。句意：當亨利看到一個小男孩掛在六樓公寓的陽臺上時，他跑了100米，跳過了1. 2米高的柵欄，伸出雙臂去接要掉下來的孩子。句中的hold out為謂語動詞，設空處應該使用非謂語動詞。根據句意，fall為動詞，意為“掉落”， child和fall之間是主動關系，同時表示正在進行的含義。故應該使用現在分詞作定語。故填falling。
57.考查冠詞。句意：布朗一家住在多倫多郊外的一棟公寓樓里。根據句子結構，設空處要填寫冠詞與Brown family 構成名詞短語作主語。the+姓氏，意為“某某一家人”，the符合句意。同時該單詞置于句首，首字母應該大寫。故填The。
58.考查形容詞。句意：他們倆看電視的時候都睡著了。根據句子結構可知，設空處應該填寫形容詞作表語。sleep為動詞，意為“睡覺”，其形容詞為asleep。fall asleep為固定搭配，意為“熟睡的”，asleep符合句意。故填asleep。
59.考查非謂語動詞。句意：過了一會兒，艾瑞克聽到孩子們在外面玩耍的聲音，醒了過來。他把一把椅子推到陽臺上，爬上去看他們。句中的climb up為謂語動詞，設空處應該使用謂語動詞。根據句意，他要爬到陽臺去看他們（外面玩鬧的孩子們。），故應該使用to do不定式作目的狀語。故填to see。
60.考查副詞。句意：當他往下看時，不小心滑了一跤，從懸崖邊上掉了下去。根據句子結構，設空處應該填寫副詞修飾動詞slipped。accidental為形容詞，意為“意外的，失誤的”，其副詞為accidentally，意為“意外地，失誤地”，符合句意。故填accidentally。
61.考查連詞。句意：他堅持了幾分鐘，尖叫喊著他的父親，但他的父親沒有聽到他。根據句子結構，設空處應該填寫連詞，連接hung和screamed兩個動作。根據句意，此處表示并列關系。故填and。
62.考查動詞。句意：聽到尖叫聲時，亨利正在修車。根據句子結構，設空處應該填寫謂語動詞。根據空后的when he heard the screams，可知，設空處的動作是正在發生的，同時該句描述的是過去的事實。故使用過去進行時。fix為動詞，意為“修理”，其過去進行時為was fixing。故填was fixing。
63.考查過去式。句意：他迅速把工具扔到一邊，伸出胳膊跑了起來。根據句子結構，設空處與空后的and started構成并且結構。故應該使用一般過去時。throw為動詞，意為“扔”，過去時為threw。故填threw。
64.考查名詞所有格。句意：他拯救了我兒子的生命。根據句意，life與提示詞son之間是所屬關系，故應該使用名詞所有格。故填son’s。
65.考查特殊疑問詞。句意：我不知道如何去感謝他。根據句子結構，設空處填寫的是特殊疑問詞+to do不定式結構作賓語。根據句意，how意為“如何”，符合句意。故填how。
Passage 4（2022年全國甲卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___61___ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路線) by foot.
On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___62___ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___63___ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. ___64___ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.
Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ___65___ (protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___66___ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.
In the last five years. Cao ___67___ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___68___ (high) mountain.
Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers ___69___ Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, ____70____ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
【參考答案】61. to journey 62. who 63. held 64. A 65. protection 66. meaningful 67. has walked 68. highest 69. from 70. planning
【文本分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是一個失明的北京男子曹盛康徒步旅行一帶一路的事情。
【答案詳解】
61.考查非謂語動詞。句意：近日，一名來自北京的盲人徒步40天來到西安，作為“一帶一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子結合句意可知，journey為動詞，表示“旅行”，step前面有序數詞，應用不定式，作后置定語。故填to journey。
62.考查定語從句。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8歲時因一次車禍失明的男子曹盛康穿過了三個省的40個城市和縣。分析句子結合句意可知，此處是非限定性定語從句，先行詞為Cao Shengkang，指人，在從句中作主語，應用關系代詞who引導。故填who。
63.考查非謂語動詞。句意：受到在北京舉行的“一帶一路”國際合作高峰論壇的啟發，曹決定徒步穿越這條路線，以向古代絲綢之路致敬。分析句子可知，本句已有謂語動詞decided，所以hold應用非謂語動詞形式，hold與cooperation之間為邏輯動賓關系，應用過去分詞，作后置定語，表被動。故填held。
64.考查冠詞。句意：他的一位朋友吳凡在旅行中自愿成為他的同伴。根據句意可知，此處泛指“他的一個朋友”，應用不定冠詞，friend以輔音音素開頭，應用a，空處位于句首，首字母大寫。故填A。
65.考查名詞。句意：曹和吳還沿路收集垃圾，以促進環境保護。根據句意和空前的形容詞environmental可知，此處應用名詞protection，作賓語，protection表示“保護”時，是不可數名詞。故填protection。
66.考查形容詞。句意：曹認為這將使這次徒步旅行更加有意義。此處是make復合結構，應用形容詞meaningful，作賓語補足語。故填meaningful。
67.考查動詞時態。句意：在過去五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34個國家，2016年，他到達了乞力馬扎羅山頂，這是非洲最高的山峰。根據時間狀語in the last five years可知，此處應用現在完成時，主語Cao為第三人稱單數，助動詞用has。故填has walked。
68.考查形容詞最高級。句意：在過去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34個國家，2016年，他到達了乞力馬扎羅山頂，這是非洲最高的山峰。根據空前Africa’s可知，此處表示乞力馬扎羅山是非洲最高的山脈，應用形容詞最高級。故填highest。
69.考查介詞。句意：9月20日，他從4700公里外的西安飛到了喀什，計劃在五個月內徒步回到西安。根據句意和Xi’an to Kashgar 可知，此處表示“從西安飛往喀什”，應用介詞from，固定搭配from…to…表示“從……到……”。故填from。
70.考查非謂語動詞。句意：9月20日，他從4700公里外的西安飛到了喀什，計劃在五個月內徒步回到西安。分析句子可知，已有謂語動詞flew，所以動詞plan(計劃)應用非謂語動詞形式，plan與主語He之間為邏輯主謂關系，應用現在分詞，表主動。故填planning。
Passage 5（2021新高考II卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
I've always loved the ocean. In the____56____ (seven) grade, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ____57____ (think)it is food.
I decided to do something ____58____ (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company____59____ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.
One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws （吸管）. I found the contact information of the company____60____ emailed its president. I told him how ____61____ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so____62____ (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.
I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to ____63____ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A company ____64____ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over _____65_____ plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.
【參考答案】56. seventh 57. thinking 58. to educate 59. which##that 60. and 61. harmful 62. excited 63. was 64. representative 65. from
【文本分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章作者講述了自己為了保護海洋，減少塑料垃圾所做出的努力。
【答案詳解】
56.考查序數詞。句意：七年級的時候，我開始在加州的蒙特利灣水族館做志愿者。 表示“七年級” 用序數詞，所以填seventh。
57.考查非謂語動詞。句意：當我得知許多海洋動物吃塑料垃圾，以為那是食物時，我很難過。分析句子結構，____2____ (think)it is food.用作狀語，think與其邏輯主語many sea animals之間是主動關系，用現在分詞，所以填thinking。
58.考查非謂語動詞。句意：我決定做一些事情來教育人們這個問題。分析句子結構，____3____ (educate) people about this problem.用作目的狀語，用不定式，所以填to educate。
59.考查定語從句。句意：我決定，如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料，我就給它發郵件，敦促它減少使用塑料。分析句子結構， ____4____ used a lot of plastic是一個定語從句，修飾先行詞a company，關系詞在從句中作主語，指物，用which或that引導該從句，所以填which或that。
60.考查連詞。句意：我找到了這家公司的聯系方式，并給公司總裁發了電子郵件。“found”和“emailed”之間是并列關系，用and連接兩個并列的謂語動詞，所以填and。
61.考查形容詞。句意：我告訴他塑料對環境的危害，并請他考慮使用更環保的產品。該處為how引導的感嘆句，how之后接形容詞，所以填harmful。
62.考查形容詞。句意：當他給我回信時，我很興奮。該空作was之后的表語，用形容詞，修飾人，用v+ed形式的形容詞，所以填excited。
63.考查時態和主謂一致。句意：我給寫信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。 根據定語從句的謂語動詞“wrote” 可知這里描述發生在過去的事情，用一般過去時；one of + 形容詞最高級 + 可數名詞復數結構中，謂語動詞用單數，所以填was。
64.考查名詞。句意：一位公司代表回信告訴我，該航空公司將把每天1200個航班的塑料杯換成紙杯。該空作句子主語，用名詞，前面有不定冠詞修飾，用名詞單數，所以填representative。
65.考查介詞。句意：一位公司代表回信告訴我，該航空公司將把每天1200個航班從塑料杯換成紙杯。 from sth to sth從...到..., 所以填from。
Passage 6（2021全國甲卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It ___41___ (build) originally to protect the city ___42___ the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修復). It is possible ___43___ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall.
After ___44___ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what ___45___ (good) than to ride on a piece of history!
We ___46___ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky ___47___ did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all ___48___ way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and ___49___ (watchtower) to fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their ____50____ (day) routines.
【參考答案】41. was built 42.in 43. to walk 44. spending 45. better 46. hired 47. but 48. the 49. watchtowers 50. daily
【文本分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了作者游覽西安長城的活動。
【答案詳解】
41.考查被動語態。句意：它最初是為了保護唐代的城市而建造的，現在已經完全修復了。分析句子可知，空格處為謂語，動詞build和主語之間是被動關系，應用被動語態（be done），根據句意和時間狀語the Tang dynasty可知，用一般過去時，謂語動詞用過去式，主語it為第三人稱單數，主謂一致，故填was built。
42.考查介詞。句意：它最初是為了保護唐代的城市而建造的，現在已經完全修復了。根據句意可知，表示“在某個朝代”應用介詞in。故填in。
43.考查動詞不定式。句意：在觀察了城墻上所有的防御設備后，我們決定是時候采取行動了，還有什么比騎在歷史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此處為句型“it +be+adj+to do sth.”，it為形式主語，動詞walk的不定式短語作真正主語。故填to walk。
44.考查動名詞。句意：在花了一些時間查看了城墻上所有的防御設備之后，我們決定是時候采取一些行動了，還有什么比騎在歷史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此處After為介詞，故spend應用其動名詞形式作介詞賓語。故填spending。
45.考查形容詞比較級。句意：在花了一些時間查看了城墻上所有的防御設備之后，我們決定是時候采取一些行動了，還有什么比騎在歷史上更好的呢。根據后文比較連（介）詞than可知，此處應用形容詞good的比較級。故填better。
46.考查時態。句意：我們從南門的租賃處租了自行車。分析句子可知，此處為謂語動詞，根據上下文可知，此處描述過去發生的事情，用一般過去時，謂語動詞用過去式。故填hired。
47.考查連詞。句意：我的自行車又舊又搖搖晃晃，但還可以騎。后文did the job和前文My bike was old and shaky之間存在轉折關系，故用表示轉折的連詞but連接。故填but。
48.考查冠詞。句意：我們繞著西安城墻走了大約3個小時。結合句意表示“一直；完全地”可知短語為all the way，故用定冠詞the限定名詞way。故填the。
49.考查名詞復數。句意：據說你可以在兩個小時內完成，但我們在不同的大門和了望臺停下來拍照，或者只是看當地人進行他們的日常生活。根據句意以及前文形容詞different可知，此處可數名詞watchtower是復數概念，應用其復數形式。故填watchtowers。
50.考查形容詞。句意：據說你可以在兩個小時內完成，但我們在不同的大門和了望臺停下來拍照，或者只是看當地人進行他們的日常生活。修飾后文名詞routines應用day的形容詞daily，作定語，修飾名詞。故填daily。
Passage 7（2021北京卷B）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Sam is an in-real-life streamer（播主），and he live streams himself just going about his day．While riding his bike home ____14____ a cold night，he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself．The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about ____15____ she lived．Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could ____16____（safe） wait for the police to take her home．
【參考答案】14. on 15. where 16. safely
【文本分析】本文是記敘文。講述了生活博主Sam救助一個老婦人的故事。
【答案詳解】
14.考查介詞。句意：在一個寒冷的夜晚，當他騎著自行車回家時，他遇到了一個看起來悲傷的老婦人獨自在街上游蕩。表示“在具體的某一天”或“（在具體的某一天的）早上、中午、晚上”等，須用介詞on。故填on。
15.考查賓語從句。句意：這個可憐的老婦人不能說清楚她住在哪里。介詞about后是賓語從句，根據句意，此處用where“在哪里；……的地方”符合句意，從句中作地點狀語，故填where。
16.考查副詞。句意：山姆帶她去了附近的一家便利店，這樣她就可以安全地等警察帶她回家了。修飾動詞wait用副詞作狀語，故填safely。
Passage 8（2021北京卷C）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
There ____17____(be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years,____18____(cause) largely by rising global temperatures,according to a new report from the United Nations. From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world,____19____(result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss．Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need ____20____ (invest) in disaster prevention.
【參考答案】17. has been 18. caused 19. resulting 20. to invest
【文本分析】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章指出過去20年里，極端天氣事件的數量急劇增加，這在很大程度上是由全球氣溫上升造成的，引發重大自然災害，造成了極大的經濟損失，因此人們急需投資于災害預防。
【答案詳解】
17.考查動詞時態。句意：根據聯合國的一份新報告，過去20年里，極端天氣事件的數量急劇增加，這在很大程度上是由全球氣溫上升造成的。根據時間狀語over the past 20 years可知，此處使用現在完成時，a dramatic rise是單數感念，助動詞應用第三人稱單數形式。故填has been。
18.考查非謂語動詞。句意同上。a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events與cause是邏輯動賓關系，應用過去分詞，表被動。故填caused。
19.考查非謂語動詞。句意：2000年至2019年，全球共發生重大自然災害7348起，造成經濟損失2.97萬億美元。7,348 major natural disasters around the world與result是邏輯主謂關系，且表示一種自然的結果，應用現在分詞，作結果狀語。故填resulting。
20.考查非謂語動詞。句意：研究結果表明，急需投資于災害預防。根據語境可知，此處表示未來的動作，應用不定式，作后置定語。故填to invest。
Passage 9（2021年6月浙江卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, ___36___ （prove）irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. Beautifully restored（修復）to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln's home for 17 years. In 1844 they bought it ___37___ $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their ___38___ （marry）ceremony in 1842.
When the house was built, it was much ___39___ （small）than it is today. Mary's niece wrote, "The little home ___40___ （paint）white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of ___41___ （she）, everything in good taste and in perfect order.
Although Mary loved flowers, ___42___ she nor her husband was known as a gardener. A long- time neighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year. Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over ___43___ （plant）flowers in the front yard.
___44___ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and ____45____ （sell）most of their furniture.
【參考答案】36. has proved/has proven 37.for 38. marriage 39. smaller 40. was painted 41. herself 42. neither 43. to plant 44. The 45. sold
【文本分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了美國總統林肯在伊利諾伊州斯普林菲爾德市中心的老房子的變遷歷史。
【答案詳解】
36.考查動詞。句意：它不像喬治華盛頓在波托馬克河畔的種植園那樣給人留下深刻印象，但林肯在伊利諾伊州斯普林菲爾德市中心的家，自從向公眾開放以來，就被證明對游客來說是不可抗拒的。分析句子成分可知，設空處作謂語動詞，Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield Illinois作主語；結合句意及設空處后的時間狀語從句since it opened to the public可知，此處指過去發生的事情對現在造成的影響，符合現在完成時概念，故設空處用現在完成時；現在完成時結構是has/have +過去分詞；主語Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield Illinois是第三人稱單數，所以助動詞用has，提示詞prove 的過去分詞形式是proved或proven。故填 has proved/ has proven。
37.考查介詞。句意：1844年，他們以1200美元的價格從查爾斯·德萊瑟手中買下了這座房子和一些土地，查爾斯·德萊瑟在1842年舉行了他們的婚禮。結合句意可知，此處考查固定短語buy sth. for +價格，意為“以……價格買某物”。故填for。
38.考查名詞。句意：1844年，他們以1200美元的價格從查爾斯·德萊瑟手中買下了這座房子和一些土地，查爾斯·德萊瑟在1842年舉行了他們的婚禮。結合設空前的形容詞性物主代詞可知，此處要用名詞形式；結合設空處后的ceremony，可知此處意為“婚禮”；提示詞marry意為“婚姻”，其名詞形式為marriage，marriage ceremony意為“婚禮”。故填marriage。
39.考查形容詞。句意：這棟房子建成時比現在小得多。結合設空前的much和設空后的than可知，此處考查形容詞比較級固定結構much+比較級+than，提示詞small的比較級形式為smaller。故填smaller。
40.考查被動語態。句意：這個小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子結構可知，設空處作謂語動詞，The little home作主語。結合句意及常識可知，房子是“被漆”的，主語和謂語動詞之間是被動關系，所以要用被動語態；根據上文的was built可知，此處為一般過去時態；一般過去時的被動語態結構是was/were+過去分詞；主語The little home是單數第三人稱，所以要用was，提示詞paint的過去分詞形式是painted。故填was painted。
41.考查代詞。句意：她非常漂亮，她的房子是她自己的寫照，一切都很有品位，井井有條。根據句意可知，此處意為“她自己”，可知此處考查反身代詞；提示詞she的反身代詞是herself。故填herself。
42.考查連詞。句意：雖然瑪麗喜歡花，但她和她的丈夫都不是有名的園丁。根據句意可知，此處考查連詞結構“neither…nor…”，意為“既不……也不……”。故填neither。
43.考查動詞不定式。句意：瑪麗的妹妹弗朗西絲·托德·華萊士經常來前院種花。分析句子結構可知，設空處作狀語；根據句意可知，此處是目的狀語；目的狀語用動詞不定式表示；提示詞plant的不定式形式為to plant。故填to plant。
44.考查冠詞。句意：林肯夫婦在1856年把房子擴大到了整整兩層，以滿足他們日益增長的家庭的需要。根據句意可知，此處意為“林肯一家”；根據設空后的Lincolns可知，此處考查“the+姓氏復數”，表示夫婦倆，或者一家人。設空處位于句首，所以首字母要大寫。故填The。
45.考查動詞。句意：1861年林肯當選美國總統后，他們租了房子，賣掉了大部分家具。分析句子成分可知，設空處和前面的動詞rented一起做并列謂語；根據時間狀語1861可知，此處用一般過去時態，提示詞sell的過去式形式是sold。故填sold。
Passage 10（2020新課標Ⅲ）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
In ancient China lived an artist. ___61___ paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (畫像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their ___62___ (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would. ___63___(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old nan laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River～perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.
Filled with ___64___ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. ___65___ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (傳奇的) artist, they smiled and ___66___ (point) down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out ___67___ (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved, ___68___ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds. ___69___ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled (謙卑) by the greatest artist ____70____ earth, Mother Nature.
【參考答案】61. whose 62. finest 63. be chosen 64. curiosity 65. When/As 66. pointed 67. to find 68. gently 69. surrounding 70. On
【文本分析】這是一篇記敘文。主要記敘了一位畫家畫畫栩栩如生，有一天他將畫送給宰相時，這位睿智的老人告訴他去漓江旅行——也許他可以從世界上最偉大的藝術家那里學到一些東西。畫家最后發現這位世界上最偉大的藝術家就是大自然母親。
【答案詳解】
61.考查定語從句。句意：中國古代有一位畫家，他的畫幾乎栩栩如生。此處為定語從句修飾先行詞artist，且先行詞在從句中作定語，故應用關系代詞whose。故填whose。
62.考查最高級。句意：一天，皇帝想讓人給他畫一幅肖像，于是他把所有偉大的畫家都請來，展示他們最好的作品，以便他挑選最好的。結合句意，皇帝想要畫家最好的作品，表示“最好的”此處應用形容詞最高級finest。故填finest。
63.考查動詞語態。句意：畫家確信他會被選中，但是當他把他的杰作送給皇帝的宰相時，這位老人笑了。本句中主語he與謂語動詞choose構成被動關系，且would后跟動詞原形。故填be chosen。
64..考查名詞。句意：懷著好奇心，藝術家收拾行囊離開了。with為介詞，后跟名詞curiosity作賓語，表示“好奇心”。故填curiosity。
65.考查連接詞。句意：當他問河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到這位傳奇藝術家時，他們笑著指著河的下游。本句為時間狀語從句，表示“當……時候”，且從句中動詞asked為短暫性動作動詞，不能用while引導，故應用when或as引導。句首單詞首字母要大寫。故填When/As。
66.考查動詞時態。句意：當他問河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到這位傳奇藝術家時，他們笑著指著河的下游。根據上文they smiled and可知此處應用一般過去時。故填pointed。
67.考查非謂語動詞。句意：第二天早上，他租了一條船，出發去找這位著名的畫家。結合句意表示“出發去做某事”短語為set out to do sth.，后跟不定式做目的狀語。故填to find。
68.考查副詞。句意：當小船緩緩地沿著江面移動時，山在水中的倒影使他說不出話來。此處修飾動詞moved應用副詞gently作狀語，表示“緩緩地”。故填gently。
69.考查非謂語動詞。句意：當他看到霧氣從河上升起，山頂上烏云環繞，他不禁流下了眼淚。分析句子結構可知，the soft clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops是獨立主格結構做狀語，surround在句中應用非謂語動詞形式，與邏輯主語clouds構成主動關系，故應用現在分詞。故填surrounding。
70.考查介詞。句意：這位藝術家最終被世界上最偉大的藝術家——大自然母親所折服。結合句意表示“在世界上”短語為on earth。故填on。
Passage 11（2020北京卷A）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food. He says food___1___(play) a big role in his life. "My mum was a great cook, and she'd sometimes let me have a try," he said. The first dish Oliver prepared for his family was fried chicken wings. He made it with his mum's help. Oliver says if you're___2___(luck) enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them___3___you can join in when it's possible.
【參考答案】1. plays/has played/is playing/has been playing 2. lucky 3. if/whether
【文本分析】本文是記敘文，主要介紹了美食節目主持人奧利弗。
【答案詳解】
1.考查時態。句意：他說食物在他的生命中扮演著重要角色。此處表示現在的狀態，也可以表示從過去一直到現在延續的狀態，所以可以用現在時，現在進行時，現在完成時和現在完成進行時。故填plays/has played/is playing/has been playing。
2.考查形容詞。句意：奧利弗說，如果你足夠幸運，身邊有一個喜歡烹飪的人。空前有be動詞，所以空處填形容詞做表語。故填lucky。
3.考查連詞。句意：問他們你是否有可能加入他們。____ you can join in when it's possible.是賓語從句，從句成分完整，但缺“是否”的意思，故填if/whether。
Passage 12（2020上海7月卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
One of the earliest-known inventions is the bow and arrow, which is still used throughout the world today, 15, 000 years 1 it was first invented. Of course, these days, the bow and arrow 2 (use) mainly in sporting events, but in some places it is still a means of killing animals for food.
In western Asia, another extremely important invention was born—the ability to produce pots. As long as 6500 years ago, people were producing pottery, mostly plain and without designs, but the technique has changed little since.
Some people say that the wheel is the single most important invention. Early examples from about 5000 years ago have been found in the forests of Europe. Around 1500 years later, the Phoenicians used sand, limestone and sodium carbonate to produce 3 else we would be lost without—glass.
How many things do you lock with a key every day Doors, cupboards The car We really don't think much about them, 4 we Well, the first example of a lock and key dates back to 2750 years ago, in Assyria. This is a lock on a large wooden door in the palace of SargonⅡ.
Another amazing invention, probably 5 (take) by us for granted these days, is the skill of knitting which first appeared in the Roman Empire, some 1700 years ago. The 6 (early) examples are knitted socks!
Eye glasses developed from just one lens in a frame, like a simple magnifying glass, way back in the 13th century. In about 1290, the idea to put two lenses in a frame to sit on the nose was developed in Florence. And, believe it or not, the modern contact lens is 120 years old!
Time flies and we spend a lot of time 7 (check) how much time we have left! This would be impossible 8 clocks and watches, 9 are all around us: On walls. On our wrists, on our PCs, and even on our mobiles and iPod's. The first pocket watch was invented by Thomas Tompion (1639—1714) in England 330 years ago, and his watch-face design, with two (and sometimes three) hands moving around a single dial, 10 (remain) largely unchanged in all that time.
【參考答案】after ; is used ; something ; do ; taken ; earliest ; checking ; without ; which ; has remained
【文本分析】本文主要講述了在人類發展歷史中起到重要作用的幾項發明。
【答案詳解】
1.考查連詞。句意：已知最早的發明之一是弓箭，在它被發明15000年后，至今仍在全世界使用。根據句意可知，本空應填連詞after。故答案為：after。
2： 考查被動語態、主謂一致和動詞時態。句意：當然，現在弓箭主要用于體育比賽，但在一些地方，它仍然是一種捕殺動物作為食物的手段。分析句子成分結構可知，本空應采用被動語態。又根據上下文可知，此處采用一般現在時。又根據第二段第一句 "…the bow and arrow, which is still used …" 可知，本空應填is used。故答案為：is used。
3： 考查代詞。句意：大約1500年后，腓尼基人用沙子、石灰石和碳酸鈉生產了另一種東西——玻璃。根據句意和本空后的 "else" 可知，本空應填代詞something。故答案為：something。
4： 考查反義疑問句。句意：我們真的不怎么想他們，不是嗎？分析句子成分結構可知，此處是反義疑問句。反義疑問句，前肯后否，前否后肯，附加部分的時態要和前面陳述句時態保持一致。根據本空前的 "We really don't think much about them" 可知，本空應填助動詞do。故答案為：do。
5： 考查非謂語動詞。句意：另一項驚人的發明，可能是我們現在理所當然地發明的，是編織技術，它最早出現在1700年前的羅馬帝國。分析句子成分結構可知，本空應填非謂語動詞。又根據本空后的 "by us" 可知，本空應填動詞的過去分詞，即taken。故答案為：taken。
6： 考查形容詞最高級。句意：最早的例子是針織襪！根據句意可知，此處采用形容詞最高級，即earliest。故答案為：earliest。
7： 考查固定搭配。句意：時間過得很快，我們花了很多時間查看我們還剩多少時間！固定搭配：spend+時間/金錢+doing sth. 花費時間/金錢做某事，所以本空應填checking。故答案為：checking。
8： 考查介詞。句意：如果沒有我們身邊的鐘表，這是不可能的。根據句意可知，本空應填介詞without。故答案為：without。
9： 考查定語從句引導詞。句意：如果沒有我們身邊的鐘表，這是不可能的。分析句子成分結構可知， " are all around us" 為非限制性定語從句，先行詞 "clocks and watches" 指物且在從句中作主語，所以本空應填which。故答案為：which。
10： 考查動詞時態和主謂一致。句意：第一塊懷表是330年前由英國人托馬斯·湯皮恩(1639-1714)發明的，他的表盤設計——一個表盤上有兩根（有時是三根）指針轉動——一直基本沒有改變。分析句子成分結構可知，此處的主語為 "his watch-face design" ，所以謂語動詞采用單數形式。根據句末的時間狀語 "in all that time" 可知，此處采用現在完成時。故答案為：has remained。
Passage 13（2019全國卷II）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year”for ___61___ (be)Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, ___62___ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have ___63___(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene ___64___(declare) she had no plans ___65___ (retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said，“I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___66___(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, ___67___ because I want to.”
Granddaughter Gayle Parks，31-who works alongside her in the family business-said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said，“We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call ___68___ (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was ___69___ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's ___70___ (wonder).”
【參考答案】61.being 62.which 63.finally 64.declared 65.to retire 66.have made 67.but 68.saying 69.a 70.wonderful
【文本分析】本文為記敘文。講述了九十高齡的Irene作為英國最年長的全職員工，依然在寵物店做著朝九晚五的工作，沒有退休的打算，她被頒發 “年度女士”稱號。
【答案詳解】
61.考查非謂語動詞。根據其前介詞for可知，此處用動名詞形式作賓語，故填being。
62.考查非限制性定語從句。分析句子結構可知，先行詞為the pet shop，在非限制性定語從句中作opened一詞的賓語，故用which。
63.考查副詞用法。根據空格所處位置可知，此處應用副詞形式作狀語，修飾謂語動詞have been acknowledged，意為“最終得以認可”，故填finally。
64.考查謂語動詞。根據上下文可知，該句主語為Irene，此處為謂語成分，根據后文had 以及said 可知用一般過去時態，故填declared。
65.考查不定式作定語。此處用to do sth做后置定語,用來修飾前面的名詞plan,表示“……的計劃”，故填to retire。
66.考查動詞時態。根據該定語從句中的時間狀語“over the years”可知，此處用現在完成時態，句意：我喜歡到這里來看看我的家人和我這些年來交到的朋友們。故填have made。
67.考查并列連詞。根據句意邏輯可知，此處為轉折關系，句意：我工作不是因為我不得不做，而是因為我想做。此處用but與前文not 呼應，構成“不是……而是 ……”之意，故填but。
68.考查非謂語動詞。根據其后所接的賓語從句可知，此處用現在分詞形式saying作后置定語，解釋名詞call的內容，call與say是主動關系，故填saying。
69.考查冠詞用法。根據句意“我們還以為這是一個玩笑” 可知，此處joke為泛指，故填a。
70.考查形容詞作表語。根據句子結構可知，在系動詞is之后用形容詞形式作表語，故填wonderful。
Passage14（2019全國卷III）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
On our way to the house，it was raining ___61___ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take ___62___ (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
We were first greeted with the barking by a pack ___63___ dogs，seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters ___64___ had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and ___65___(recommend)wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.
When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting ___66___(compete)to watch，together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many ___67___(tradition)stories about Hawaii that were ___68___ (huge)popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay，we ___69___(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，___70___ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
【文本分析】這是一篇記敘文。作者講述了他們去夏威夷度假途中的經歷以及到了主人家后受到的禮遇，主人熱情招待他們，還在工作之余帶他們參加了很多當地的活動。
【答案詳解】
61.考查副詞。句意：在我們去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我們不能不想還要多久才能到達那里。“so…that…”意為“如此……以至于…”，引導結果狀語從句。故填so。
62.考查不定式。句中的would提示我們作者還沒有到達那座房子，wondering后的句子不缺謂語，此處應填非謂語動詞，故填to get。
63.考查介詞。“a pack of”意為“一群”。故填of。
64.考查定語從句。句意：它們被他們的主人訓練地很好，它們的主人在照顧這些動物方面很有經驗。先行詞為masters（主人），且從句缺主語。故關系詞填who。
65.考查一般過去時。句意：我們的主人跟我們分享了很多他們的經歷并推薦了一些很好的吃飯、購物和參觀的地方。“and”前后兩個動作“shared”與“recommended”是并列關系，時態一致。故填recommended。
66.考查名詞。由空格前的不定冠詞an與空格后的不定式to watch可以確定空格處應該填名詞形式。故填competition。
67.考查形容詞。空格修飾名詞stories，應用形容詞形式，tradition的形容詞為traditional，故填traditional。
68.考查副詞。空格處單詞修飾形容詞popular，應用副詞形式，huge的副詞為hugely，故填hugely。
69.【解析】考查一般過去時的被動語態。由“on the last day of our week-long stay”可知，句子時態為一般過去時。根據句意：我們被邀請去參加一場私人音樂會，所以用被動語態。主語為we，故填were invited。
70.考查分詞。本句謂語動詞為“were invited”，所以70題空格處動詞listen應用非謂語動詞形式。聽音樂這個動作是由we發出的，所以選用現在分詞形式。也可由and前后連接兩個并列的結構這一規律解題，and后meeting interesting locals為分詞形式，故空格處填listening。
Passage 15（2019北京卷A篇）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
On the first day of my first grade，I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I ___1___(voice)my biggest concern to my mother. “How will I make friends ” She handed me advice. “Be yourself.” For the past 20 years. I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously ___2___ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to ___3___(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.
【參考答案】1.voiced 2.facing 3.myself
【文本分析】
這是一篇記敘文。作者一年級對交友感到困惑，媽媽的話讓他受益終身。
【答案詳解】
1.考查時態。句意：我向媽媽表達了我最大的擔憂，“我將如何交朋友？”此處的voice是動詞，“表達”的意思，作謂語。敘述的是一年級的事情，用過去式。故填voiced。
2.考查非謂語動詞。句意：緊張地面對挑戰，我知道我將輕聲對自己說兩個簡單的字“做你自己”。分析句式可知，此處是做句子的狀語，要用非謂語動詞，其邏輯主語是I，與邏輯主語之間是主動關系，用現在分詞作狀語。故填facing。
3.考查代詞。句意：緊張地面對挑戰，我知道我將輕聲對自己說兩個簡單的字“做你自己”。本句的主語是I，當賓語與主語是同一人稱時，賓語要用反身代詞。故填myself。
Passage 16（2018全國卷III）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
I'm not sure _____61_____ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at ____62____ top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the___63___(loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ____64____(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel____65____(challenge).
My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a ___66___(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching ___67___ these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.
When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find ____68____(they) alive. True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal ____69____(mean)me no real harm. He was just saying: "I'm king of this forest, and here is your reminder!" Once his message was delivered, he allowed me ____70____ (stay)and watch.
【參考答案】61. which/who 62. The 63. Loudest 64. Looking 65. challenged 66. Scientist 67.for 68. them 69. Meant 70. to stay
【答案詳解】
61.考查賓語從句。句意：我不確定哪一個更害怕，我，還是突然出現的雌性大猩猩。此處為賓語從句，空格處表示選擇，所以用which表示“哪一個”
62.考查冠詞。此處為固定短語at the top of，此處表示以最大的肺活量喊叫。
63.考查最高級。根據后面的of all可知，他聲音最大，所以用最高級loudest。
64.考查動詞。動詞avoid后要加doing。此處表示避免直接看他的眼睛。用looking。
65.考查非謂語。根據語境可知，此處表示不直視他的眼睛，他就不會感到被挑戰性。feel為系動詞，表示“被挑戰”，用過去分詞challenged。
66.考查名詞。根據語境可知，我是一名科學家。scientist科學家。
67.考查動詞短語搭配。search for是固定搭配，表示“尋找”，表示“我”在尋找“我”研究的三只西部低地大猩猩。
68.考查代詞。此處做find 的賓語，所以用賓格them。
69. 考查謂語動詞。分析本句的句子成分可知，本句缺少謂語，再根據總體時態可知要用一般過去時，所以用meant。
70. 考查非謂語動詞。固定短語allow sb to do允許某人做某事，應該用to stay。
Passage 17（2018浙江卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese 56 (dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners 57 come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap 58 can be to eat out. I still remember 59 (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I 60 (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
While regularly eating out seems to 61 (become) common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be 62 (afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even 63 (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in 64 (weigh) problems.
If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home __65__ dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.
【參考答案】56. dishes 57. who/that 58. it 59.visiting 60. was shocked. 61. have become 62. affordable 63. higher 64.weight 65.for
【文本分析】作者描述了人們喜歡在外面吃飯的現象，分析了其對身體和花費的不良影響，建議我們在家做飯。
【答案詳解】
56.考查名詞。此處指中國菜，表示泛指應該用名詞復數，故填dishes。
57.考查關系代詞。句中包含定語從句，先行詞是westerners指人，在定語從句中做主語，用關系代詞who/that引導，故填who/that。
58.考查it用法。句子為感嘆句，正常語序應該是it can be cheap to eat out.其中不定式to eat out是真正主語，用it 是形式主語。故填it。
59.考查動詞形式。此處指我記得去拜訪一個在這里住了五年的朋友，表示記得做過某事用remember doing sth.， 故填visiting。
60.考查形容詞。此處表示我感到很震驚。shock的主語是I,用形容詞和系動詞組成系表結構，表示過去發生的事，系動詞用過去式。故填was shocked。
61.考查動詞時態。根據時間狀語in recent years可知用現在完成時，seems to后用動詞原形，故填have become。
62.考查形容詞。此處表示一周一兩次外出吃飯是負擔得起的，系動詞be后用形容詞作表語，表示“負擔得起的”故填affordable。
63.考查形容詞比較級。此處修飾名詞cost用形容詞，由even表示程度修飾比較級，故填higher。
64.考查名詞。此處指體重問題，用名詞修飾problems，故填weight。
65.考查介詞。表示去母親家去吃飯，表示目的用介詞for，故填for語法填空體裁微解：記敘文
I綜合專練
Passage 1 (2025全國II卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, ____56____ bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and ____57____ (center) heating doesn’t exist.
Nothing in my life before prepared me ____58____ this one-and to be sure, the first time I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area. But it’s amazing how you can adapt ____59____ learn in a new environment. Over time, I’ve found ____60____ (I) feeling extremely at home here. And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes ____61____ (be) one of them.
Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance ____62____ (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the ____63____ (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky ____64____ (afternoon) with lots of fresh air.
If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt ____65____ (leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders.
Passage 2（2023新高考Ⅱ卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach…the animals
Since June 2017, right before the 56 (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 57 (confidence) speaking English. And who do they speak English 58
Not the pandas, even though 59 language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 60 (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give 61 (interview) in English with international journalists. This is 62 they need an English trainer.
So, what are they learning 63 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop 64 to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I 65 (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.
Passage 3（2022新高考II卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (陽臺), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1. 2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___56___ (fall) child.
Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK.
___57___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ___58___ (sleep) while watching TV.
Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___59___ (see) them. When he looked down, he ___60___ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes ___61___ screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him.
Henry ___62___ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ___63___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.
He saved my ___64___ (son) life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know ___65___ to thank him. ”
"I just didn't want the boy to be hurt," said Henry.
Passage 4（2022年全國甲卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___61___ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路線) by foot.
On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___62___ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___63___ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. ___64___ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.
Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ___65___ (protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___66___ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.
In the last five years. Cao ___67___ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___68___ (high) mountain.
Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers ___69___ Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, ____70____ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
Passage 5（2021新高考II卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
I've always loved the ocean. In the____56____ (seven) grade, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ____57____ (think)it is food.
I decided to do something ____58____ (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company____59____ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.
One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws （吸管）. I found the contact information of the company____60____ emailed its president. I told him how ____61____ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so____62____ (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.
I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to ____63____ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A company ____64____ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over _____65_____ plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.
Passage 6（2021全國甲卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It ___41___ (build) originally to protect the city ___42___ the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修復). It is possible ___43___ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall.
After ___44___ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what ___45___ (good) than to ride on a piece of history!
We ___46___ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky ___47___ did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all ___48___ way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and ___49___ (watchtower) to fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their ____50____ (day) routines.
Passage 7（2021北京卷B）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Sam is an in-real-life streamer（播主），and he live streams himself just going about his day．While riding his bike home ____14____ a cold night，he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself．The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about ____15____ she lived．Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could ____16____（safe） wait for the police to take her home．
Passage 8（2021北京卷C）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
There ____17____(be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years,____18____(cause) largely by rising global temperatures,according to a new report from the United Nations. From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world,____19____(result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss．Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need ____20____ (invest) in disaster prevention.
Passage 9（2021年6月浙江卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, ___36___ （prove）irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. Beautifully restored（修復）to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln's home for 17 years. In 1844 they bought it ___37___ $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their ___38___ （marry）ceremony in 1842.
When the house was built, it was much ___39___ （small）than it is today. Mary's niece wrote, "The little home ___40___ （paint）white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of ___41___ （she）, everything in good taste and in perfect order.
Although Mary loved flowers, ___42___ she nor her husband was known as a gardener. A long- time neighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year. Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over ___43___ （plant）flowers in the front yard.
___44___ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and ____45____ （sell）most of their furniture.
Passage 10（2020新課標Ⅲ）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
In ancient China lived an artist. ___61___ paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (畫像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their ___62___ (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would. ___63___(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old nan laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River～perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.
Filled with ___64___ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. ___65___ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (傳奇的) artist, they smiled and ___66___ (point) down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out ___67___ (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved, ___68___ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds. ___69___ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled (謙卑) by the greatest artist ____70____ earth, Mother Nature.
Passage 11（2020北京卷A）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food. He says food___1___(play) a big role in his life. "My mum was a great cook, and she'd sometimes let me have a try," he said. The first dish Oliver prepared for his family was fried chicken wings. He made it with his mum's help. Oliver says if you're___2___(luck) enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them___3___you can join in when it's possible.
Passage 12（2020上海7月卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
One of the earliest-known inventions is the bow and arrow, which is still used throughout the world today, 15, 000 years 1 it was first invented. Of course, these days, the bow and arrow 2 (use) mainly in sporting events, but in some places it is still a means of killing animals for food.
In western Asia, another extremely important invention was born—the ability to produce pots. As long as 6500 years ago, people were producing pottery, mostly plain and without designs, but the technique has changed little since.
Some people say that the wheel is the single most important invention. Early examples from about 5000 years ago have been found in the forests of Europe. Around 1500 years later, the Phoenicians used sand, limestone and sodium carbonate to produce 3 else we would be lost without—glass.
How many things do you lock with a key every day Doors, cupboards The car We really don't think much about them, 4 we Well, the first example of a lock and key dates back to 2750 years ago, in Assyria. This is a lock on a large wooden door in the palace of SargonⅡ.
Another amazing invention, probably 5 (take) by us for granted these days, is the skill of knitting which first appeared in the Roman Empire, some 1700 years ago. The 6 (early) examples are knitted socks!
Eye glasses developed from just one lens in a frame, like a simple magnifying glass, way back in the 13th century. In about 1290, the idea to put two lenses in a frame to sit on the nose was developed in Florence. And, believe it or not, the modern contact lens is 120 years old!
Time flies and we spend a lot of time 7 (check) how much time we have left! This would be impossible 8 clocks and watches, 9 are all around us: On walls. On our wrists, on our PCs, and even on our mobiles and iPod's. The first pocket watch was invented by Thomas Tompion (1639—1714) in England 330 years ago, and his watch-face design, with two (and sometimes three) hands moving around a single dial, 10 (remain) largely unchanged in all that time.
Passage 13（2019全國卷II）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year”for ___61___ (be)Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, ___62___ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have ___63___(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene ___64___(declare) she had no plans ___65___ (retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said，“I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___66___(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, ___67___ because I want to.”
Granddaughter Gayle Parks，31-who works alongside her in the family business-said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said，“We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call ___68___ (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was ___69___ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's ___70___ (wonder).”
Passage14（2019全國卷III）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
On our way to the house，it was raining ___61___ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take ___62___ (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
We were first greeted with the barking by a pack ___63___ dogs，seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters ___64___ had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and ___65___(recommend)wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.
When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting ___66___(compete)to watch，together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many ___67___(tradition)stories about Hawaii that were ___68___ (huge)popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay，we ___69___(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，___70___ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
Passage 15（2019北京卷A篇）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
On the first day of my first grade，I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I ___1___(voice)my biggest concern to my mother. “How will I make friends ” She handed me advice. “Be yourself.” For the past 20 years. I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously ___2___ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to ___3___(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.
Passage 16（2018全國卷III）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
I'm not sure _____61_____ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at ____62____ top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the___63___(loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ____64____(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel____65____(challenge).
My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a ___66___(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching ___67___ these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.
When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find ____68____(they) alive. True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal ____69____(mean)me no real harm. He was just saying: "I'm king of this forest, and here is your reminder!" Once his message was delivered, he allowed me ____70____ (stay)and watch.
Passage 17（2018浙江卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese 56 (dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners 57 come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap 58 can be to eat out. I still remember 59 (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I 60 (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
While regularly eating out seems to 61 (become) common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be 62 (afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even 63 (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in 64 (weigh) problems.
If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home __65__ dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.

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