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語法填空體裁微解：說明文
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Passage 1 (2025全國I卷)
閱讀下面短文, 在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ____56____ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
Go is one of ____57____ earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition.
“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We hope ____58____ (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.”
“In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ‘____59____ (guide)’ till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition.
“The players’ personalities ____60____ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always ____61____ (try) to beat the opponent ____62____ no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿態) of respect for the other side. ”
Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the ____63____ (strategy) placement of the pieces, ____64____ the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, ____65____ (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
【參考答案】56 which 57. the 58. to present 59. guidance 60. are revealed 61. tries 62. by
63. strategic##strategical 64. and 65. digitally
【文本分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了上海久事美術館舉辦的一場以圍棋為靈感的藝術展覽。
【答案詳解】
56. 考查定語從句。句意：上海久事美術館正在舉辦一場展覽，展出的藝術品靈感來自圍棋（中文稱為“圍棋”），它起源4000多年前的中國。本空引導非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞為Go, or weiqi in Chinese，指物，且關系詞代替先行詞在從句中作主語，所以用關系代詞which引導。故填which。
57.考查冠詞。句意：圍棋是最早的基于二元的棋類游戲之一。形容詞最高級前用定冠詞the。故填the。
58.考查非謂語動詞。句意：我們希望在一個視覺語境中呈現相當抽象的圍棋游戲和人工智能，并與極簡主義藝術、觀念藝術和表現主義展開對話。本句謂語為hope，此處為非謂語動詞，hope to do sth.“希望做某事”，所以此處需用動詞present“呈現”的不定式，作賓語。故填to present。
59.考查名詞。句意：你試圖引導對手進入你的陷阱，迫使他們跟隨你的“引導”直到他們輸掉。此處作follow的賓語，用名詞guidance“引導”，不可數名詞。故填guidance。
60.考查動詞語態。句意：她補充說：“玩家的個性在游戲中顯露出來，一個人的弱點會暴露給對手。”本句描述一般事實，時態用一般現在時，且主語The players’ personalities與動詞reveal“揭示，顯示”為被動關系，所以空處需用一般現在時態的被動語態，主語為復數，be動詞用are。故填are revealed。
61.考查時態和主謂一致。句意：一個不錯的贏家總是盡力以僅僅一兩分的優勢擊敗對手，以表示對對方的尊重。根據always可知，本句描述一般事實，時態用一般現在時，主語a decent winner為第三人稱單數，所以謂語需用try“盡力”的第三人稱單數tries。故填tries。
62.考查介詞。句意同上。“by+具體數值”表示“以（某一差值）”，此處指“以一到兩分的優勢”，符合語境。故填by。
63.考查形容詞。句意：屠寧寧說，黑白棋子之間的平衡，棋子在策略布局上的美感，以及每一步棋所蘊含的能量流動，都激發了藝術家們為展覽創作油畫、雕塑、數字生成的圖片和絲網版畫。此處修飾名詞placement，需用形容詞strategic或者strategical“戰略性的，策略的”，作定語。故填strategic/strategical。
64.64. 考查連詞。句意同上。the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, the energy flow following each move三者為并列關系，作并列主語，所以空處需用連詞and。故填and。
65.考查副詞。句意同上。此處修飾形容詞generated，需用副詞digitally“數字地”，作狀語。故填digitally。
Passage 2 (2024全國I卷)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times.
The latest ____56____ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective ____57____ (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (鋁). These sepals open on warm days ____58____ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays ____59____ (close) to protect the plants.
Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____60____ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ____61____ first time. These plants included modern Western ____62____ (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too.
The Glasshouse stands ____63____ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ____64____ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the _____65_____ (rich) of gardening in England.
【參考答案】56. engineering 57. functional 58. to give 59. closed 60. walks 61. the 62. favorites 63. as 64. which##that 65. richness
【文本分析】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了Heatherwick工作室最近公布的一個新項目——一個位于國家信托基金會伍爾貝丁花園邊緣的動態溫室，并詳細描述了該溫室的設計、功能、以及它如何與絲綢之路的歷史和絲綢之路花園相結合。
【答案詳解】
56.考查名詞。句意：最新的工程技術被用來創造一個同樣美麗的保護功能結構。根據句意可知，空處考查短語engineering techniques，意為“工程技術”，符合句意。故填engineering。
57.考查形容詞。句意：最新的工程技術被用來創造一個同樣美麗的保護功能結構。空處修飾名詞structure，應用形容詞作定語functional，符合題意。故填functional。
58.考查非謂語動詞。句意：這些萼片在溫暖日子里開放，為內部植物提供陽光和新鮮空氣。此處作目的狀語，應用動詞不定式。故填to give。
59.考查形容詞。句意：然后在寒冷的天氣里，這個結構保持關閉，以保護亞熱帶植物。空處用于stays之后作表語，應用形容詞closed，表示“緊閉的”，符合題意。故填closed。
60.考查時態和主謂一致。句意：此外，圍繞溫室的絲綢之路花園帶領游客走過一段受古絲綢之路影響的旅程。walk sb. through，意為“帶領某人穿過……”，空處為本句謂語動詞，根據上文可知，本句時態為一般現在時，主語the Silk Route Garden為單數，謂語動詞應用第三人稱單數形式。故填walks。
61.考查冠詞。句意：亞洲和歐洲之間的貿易路線第一次為英國帶來了絲綢、香料和許多植物。固定搭配：for the first time，意為“第一次”，符合句意。故填the。
62.考查名詞的數。句意：這些植物包括現代西方最受喜愛的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。favorite是可數名詞，意為“特別受喜愛的東西”，根據空后such as rosemary, lavender and fennel可知，空處應用名詞的復數形式。故填favorites。
63.考查介詞。句意：這座溫室是當代設計的巔峰之作，位于追溯絲綢之路的道路盡頭，將中國西南的植物容納其中，將這些植物從亞洲的原生棲息地帶到英格蘭，定義了英格蘭園藝的豐富性。根據句意可知，空處指的是“作為”，應用介詞as。故填as。
64.考查定語從句。句意：Glasshouse是當代設計中的一項偉大成就，它將中國西南部的植物安置在絲綢之路的盡頭，絲綢之路將植物從亞洲的原生棲息地帶到這里，定義了英國豐富的園藝。空處引導限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞the Silk Route，先行詞指物，關系詞在定語從句中作主語，用關系代詞which或that引導從句。故填which/that。
65.考查名詞。句意：這座溫室是當代設計的巔峰之作，位于追溯絲綢之路的道路盡頭，將中國西南的植物容納其中，將這些植物從亞洲的原生棲息地帶到英格蘭，定義了英格蘭園藝的豐富性。冠詞修飾名詞，應用名詞形式richness，作介詞of的賓語。故填richness。
Passage 3 (2024全國II卷)
閱讀下面短文, 在空白處填入 1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Chinese cultural elements commemorating (紀念) Tang Xianzu, ___56___ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown.
Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common ___57___ (theme) in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___58___ (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways ___59___ Romeo and Juliet.”
A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___60___ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, ___61___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international ___62___ (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___63___ (find)the connection between the two great writers.
___64___ (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ____65____ see how Tang’s play was being performed.”
【參考答案】56. who 57. themes 58. were 59. to 60. inspired 61. was built 62. visibility 63. to find 64. Recalling 65. and
【文本分析】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國明代戲曲家湯顯祖與英國戲劇家莎士比亞之間的聯系和共同點，并展示了這種聯系如何被紀念和展示在莎士比亞的故鄉斯特拉特福德，且說明了這種聯系對于提高斯特拉特福德國際知名度的重要性。
【答案詳解】
56.考查定語從句。句意：為了紀念被譽為“亞洲莎士比亞”的湯顯祖，中國文化元素為莎士比亞的故鄉——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了國際化的色彩。這里為定語從句的關系詞，先行詞為“Tang Xianzu”，在非限制性定語從句中擔當主語，表示人，用關系代詞who引導。故填who。
57.考查名詞的數。句意：莎士比亞故居信托基金會的研究主管Paul Edmondson說，盡管他們從未見過面，但他們的作品中都有共同的主題。本句為“there be”句型，為倒裝句，根據謂語動詞“are”可判斷，本句主語為名詞的復數形式。故填themes。
58.考查時態和主謂一致。句意：“湯顯祖所寫的一些內容也是莎士比亞所關心的。我碰巧知道湯顯祖的戲劇《牡丹亭》在某些方面與《羅密歐與朱麗葉》相似。”這里為本句謂語動詞，根據句意以及定語從句時態可知，本句時態為一般過去時；主語為“some of the things”，復數。故填were。
59.考查固定短語。句意：“湯顯祖所寫的一些內容也是莎士比亞所關心的。我碰巧知道湯顯祖的戲劇《牡丹亭》在某些方面與《羅密歐與朱麗葉》相似。”固定短語：be similar to，意為“和……相似”，符合句意。故填to。
60.考查非謂語動詞。句意：兩年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花園落成，該花園距離莎士比亞故居僅十分鐘步行路程，其靈感來自《牡丹亭》。非謂語動詞擔當后置定語，被修飾詞“a six-meter-tall pavilion”和動詞“inspire”之間為被動關系，用過去分詞形式。故填inspired。
61.考查時態和語態。句意：兩年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花園落成，該花園距離莎士比亞故居僅十分鐘步行路程，其靈感來自《牡丹亭》。這里為本句謂語動詞，根據時間狀語“Two years later”可知，本句時態為一般過去時；主語為“a six-meter-tall pavilion”，單數，和動詞“build”之間為被動關系，所以用被動語態。故填was built。
62.考查名詞。句意：Edmondson說，這些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的國際知名度，并補充說，游客們穿過故居花園時，常常驚訝于這兩位偉大作家之間的聯系。形容詞international后接名詞形式，visibility“知名度”為不可數名詞作賓語。故填visibility。
63.考查非謂語動詞。句意：Edmondson說，這些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的國際知名度，并補充說，游客們穿過故居花園時，常常驚訝于這兩位偉大作家之間的聯系。非謂語動詞擔當形容詞“amazed”后的原因狀語，用動詞不定式形式。故填to find。
64.考查非謂語動詞。句意：回憶起幾年前在上海觀看莎士比亞戲劇《理查三世》的中國版，并遇見前來斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中國演員時，Edmondson說：“聽到中文，看到湯顯祖的戲劇是如何被表演的，非常激動人心。”非謂語動詞擔當狀語，主語“Edmondson”和動詞“recall”之間為主動關系，用現在分詞形式擔當狀語；出現在句首，首字母大寫。故填Recalling。
65.考查連詞。句意：回憶起幾年前在上海觀看莎士比亞戲劇《理查三世》的中國版，并遇見前來斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中國演員時，Edmondson說：“聽到中文，看到湯顯祖的戲劇是如何被表演的，非常激動人心。”空前“hear the Chinese language”和空后“see how Tang’s play was being performed”為并列結構，用and連接。故填and。
Passage 4 (2024全國甲卷)
閱讀下面短文, 在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend ____41____ (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. They are ____42____ (treasure) of American heritage (遺產). How did the national park system come about On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ____43____ is now northwestern Wyoming. They ____44____(be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.
What should ____45____(do) with such a beautiful place They wondered out loud. This area, with ____46____ (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved ____47____ all people of the nation to enjoy — as a national park. They all agreed and vowed (承諾) to promote the idea at the ____48____ (complete) of their journey. Their promotional work paid off. Two years later, 18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became the first national park in the United States and the world. Yellowstone was the ____49____ (large) United States national park — 2.2 million acres — until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, _____50_____ became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
【參考答案】41. to catch 42. treasures 43. what 44. were 45. be done 46. its 47. for pletion 49. largest 50. which
【文本分析】本文是說明文。文章講述了美國國家公園的由來，即四個男人發現了一處非常美的自然風景區，決定好好保護它以供后人欣賞，并為此做出了許多努力。
【答案詳解】
41.考查非謂語動詞。句意：盡管各級都有各種規模和類型的公園，但國家公園尤其吸引我們的注意，因為它們體積大，種類繁多。固定搭配：tend to do sth.，表示“傾向于做某事”，不定式作賓語，故填to catch。
42.考查名詞。句意：它們是美國傳統的瑰寶。treasure表示“寶藏”，為可數名詞，結合前文they are，應用復數形式，故填treasures。
43.考查賓語從句。句意：1870年9月中旬，在一個涼爽、繁星點點的夜晚，四個男人在火洞河邊的營火前放松，這里現在是懷俄明州的西北部。后文為介詞in的賓語，is前缺主語，指物，主語用what引導賓語從句，作介詞in的賓語，故填what。
44.考查時態。句意：他們是一個由15人組成的探險隊的一部分，他們花了近五個星期的時間來見證那里的自然美景。本空前They指代上文提及的四個男人，時間為1870年，同時聯系后文had spent的過去完成時可知，本空時態為過去式且為復數形式，故填were。
45.考查被動語態。句意：對于這樣一個美麗的地方，我們應該做些什么呢？主語what指物，與謂語動詞do是被動關系，情態動詞should后接be done構成被動語態，故填be done。
46.考查代詞。句意：這個地區擁有獨特的、令人驚嘆的自然美景，必須作為國家公園保護好，為了所有國家的人都能享受。修飾名詞beauty用形容詞性物主代詞its，故填its。
47.考查介詞。句意同上。介詞for表目的，表示“為了所有國家的人都能享受”。 故填for。
48.考查名詞。句意：他們都同意了，并發誓要在旅行結束后推廣這個想法。冠詞修飾名詞，本空應填名詞作賓語，complete名詞形式為completion，不可數，故填completion。
49.考查形容詞最高級。句意：黃石公園是美國最大的國家公園，占地220萬英畝，直到1978年成為國家紀念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗蘭格爾-圣伊萊亞斯在1980年以1230萬英畝的面積作為國家公園獲得這項榮譽。本空前有the，為形容詞最高級標志詞，結合下文“1978年成為國家紀念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗蘭格爾-圣伊萊亞斯在1980年以1230萬英畝的面積獲得國家公園的榮譽”可知，用large的最高級largest作定語，故填largest。
50.考查定語從句。句意同上。本空所在句子為定語從句，先行詞為Wrangell-Saint Elias，從句中作主語，指物，引導非限制性定語從句用which，故填which。
Passage 5（2023新高考Ⅰ卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, 56 (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether 57 (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), 58 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the 59 (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long Bao’s birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed 60 hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 61 (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of 62 (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with 63 touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.
No matter where I buy them, one steamer is 64 (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left 65 (want) more next time.
【參考答案】56．tasty 57．to bite 58．or 59．recognized 60．by 61．to be lifted 62．their 63．a 64．rarely 65．wanting
【文本分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了中國美食——小籠包，講述了小籠包美味，發源地以及制作方法等等。
【答案詳解】
56．考查形容詞。句意：小籠包(湯包)，那些精致的餃子皮，包裹著熱騰騰的美味湯和甜甜的鮮肉，是我最喜歡的中國街頭小吃。形容詞需修飾后面的名詞soup(湯)，故空格需用tasty“美味的”作定語，故填tasty。
57．考查非謂語動詞。句意：吃小籠包的時候，你必須要決定是先咬一個小口流出湯汁，還是把整個小籠包放進嘴里，讓熱湯在舌頭上爆炸。decide to do sth.“決定做某事”，用不定式作賓語，空處與后面to put并列作賓語，故填to bite。
58．考查連詞。句意：吃小籠包的時候，你必須要決定是先咬一個小口流出湯汁，還是把整個小籠包放進嘴里，讓熱湯在舌頭上爆炸。whether...or... “是……還是……”，固定搭配，根據句意，故填or。
59．考查非謂語動詞。句意：上海可能是公認的小籠包之鄉，但美食歷史學家會告訴你，鄰近的運河小鎮南翔才是小籠包的發源地。空格在名詞home前面作定語，recognize與home是邏輯上動賓關系，需填過去分詞recognized作定語，recognized“被公認的”也可以看作是形容詞作定語。故填recognized。
60．考查介詞。句意：在那里，你會發現它們的制作方式不同——更多湯包，更少的湯，包子皮是用手壓的，而不是搟出來的。by hand“用手”是固定搭配，根據句意，故填by。
61．考查非謂語動詞。句意：除了南翔，最好的小籠包有一個精致的，可以讓它們從蒸籠籃中拿出來，而不會撕裂或溢出里面的東西。根據搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允許某人做某事”可知，空格需用動詞不定式作賓語補足語，補足語lift out與賓語them（指代小籠包）是邏輯上的動賓關系，空格需填動詞不定式的被動式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。
62．考查代詞。句意：除了南翔，最好的小籠包有一個精致的外皮，可以讓它們從蒸籠籃中拿出來，而不會撕裂或溢出里面的東西。修飾后面的名詞contents(東西)需用形容詞性物主代詞their。故填their。
63．考查冠詞。句意：肉應該是新鮮的，有一點甜味，湯應該是熱的，清澈的，美味的。a touch of “一點點；稍許”，常用搭配，touch“輕微；稍許”常用作單數。故填a。
64．考查副詞。句意：無論我在哪里買，一蒸籠都不夠，而兩蒸籠又顯得太貪心了，所以我總是想下次再買。修飾形容詞用副詞作狀語，rarely“少有”，故填rarely。
65．考查非謂語動詞。句意：無論我在哪里買，一蒸籠都不夠，而兩蒸籠又顯得太貪心了，所以我總是想下次再買。分析句子可知，此處考查“leave sb+賓語補足語”，本句是被動語態，want是主語補足語，根據句意，I與want之間是主動的邏輯關系，用現在分詞wanting。故填wanting。
Passage 6（2023全國乙卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong 41 royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully 42 (build) system of ring roads.
But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 43 welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural 44 (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, 45 somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 46 (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I 47 (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遺產) while constantly growing. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 48 (record) everything I discovered.
The 49 (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, 50 (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
【參考答案】41．to 42．built 43．which/that 44．wonders 45．but 46．Having visited 47．was amazed 48．recording 49．remarkable 40．means
【文本分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了北京這座城市的古老建筑和現代化發展之間的獨特結合，同時探討了城市如何在不斷發展的同時保護其豐富的遺產。作者作為一名攝影師，記錄了這座城市的變化，并表示將來還會繼續拍攝北京的風貌。
【答案詳解】
41．考查介詞。句意：從佛教寺廟到博物館，從狹窄的胡同到皇家宮殿，它擁有3000多年的輝煌歷史，甚至從它的布局來看，這座城市一直保持著精心建造的環城道路系統。根據上文的“From Buddhist temples to museums”可知，空處和上文保持一致，表示“從……到……”，用介詞to。故填to。
42．考查非謂語動詞。句意：從佛教寺廟到博物館，狹窄的胡同和皇家宮殿，它是3000多年輝煌歷史的家園，即使是在它的布局上，這座城市也保持著精心建造的環城公路系統。這里為非謂語動詞擔當定語，表示“精心建造的……”，和被修飾詞“system of ring roads”之間為被動關系，用過去分詞。故填built。
43．考查定語從句。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一個歡迎現代生活快節奏發展的地方，21世紀的建筑奇跡與過去的歷史建筑并存。這里為定語從句的關系代詞，先行詞為“a place”，在定語從句中擔當主語，所以用關系代詞which或that引導。故填which/that。
44．考查名詞。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一個歡迎現代生活快節奏發展的地方，21世紀的建筑奇跡與過去的歷史建筑并存。分析句子成分可知，空處為名詞形式；根據下文的“historical buildings of the past”可知，空處為名詞的復數形式。故填wonders。
45．考查連詞。句意：但不知何故，這兩個截然不同的世界卻很好地結合在了一起。空前“It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work,”和空后“somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.”之間存在轉折關系，用but。故填but。
46．考查非謂語動詞。句意：在過去的10年里，我多次訪問北京，我驚訝于這里的新舊共存，驚訝于一個城市如何在不斷發展的同時保持如此豐富的文化遺產。這里為非謂語動詞擔當狀語，和主句主語“I”之間為主動關系；根據時間狀語“over the last 10 years”可知，用完成時態，由此推斷，空處用現在分詞的完成時態。置于句首，首字母大寫。故填Having visited。
47．考查時態和語態。句意：在過去的10年里，我多次訪問北京，我驚訝于這里的新舊共存，驚訝于一個城市如何在不斷發展的同時保持如此豐富的文化遺產。這里為本句謂語動詞，根據下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遺產) while constantly growing.”可知，本句用一般過去時；主語I和動詞amaze之間為被動關系，所以用被動語態。故填was amazed。
48．考查非謂語動詞。句意：作為一名攝影師，我花了兩年時間記錄我發現的一切。spend time (in) doing sth.花費時間做某事。這里為非謂語動詞擔當賓語，用動名詞形式。故填recording。
49．考查形容詞。句意：這個城市的顯著發展，是有意識地在保護過去的同時步入現代世界，這意味著這里總是有新的東西可以發現，我可以在接下來的50年里一直拍攝北京。分析句子成分可知，空處為形容詞修飾名詞“development of this city”。故填remarkable。
50．考查時態。句意：這座城市的顯著發展，在有意識地保護過去的同時步入現代世界，意味著這里總是有新的東西等待發現，我可以在接下來的50年里一直拍攝北京。這里為本句謂語動詞，根據上下文可知，本句時態為一般現在時；主語為“development”，單數，所以謂語動詞用第三人稱單數形式。故填means。
Passage 7（2023全國甲卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) 41 (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the 42 (six) century, B．C． Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 43 Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.”
Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, 44 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, 45 (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 46 (intend) for everyone.
47 (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 48 saving their environment.
The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty 49 (warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literal form that has been passed down through the ages can still 50 (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
【參考答案】41．to teach 42．sixth 43．as 44．where 45．borrowing 46．intended 47．Different 48．for 49．warning 50．be employed
【文本分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了寓言的形式在今天仍然具有價值。
【答案詳解】
41．考查非謂語動詞。句意：幾千年來，人們通過講寓言來傳授知識或傳授智慧。根據句意可知，此處表達“來傳授知識和智慧”，所以用不定式作目的狀語。故填to teach。
42．考查數詞。句意：寓言是許多古代文化口述傳統的一部分，而著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6世紀。century“世紀”前面要用序數詞形式。故填sixth。
43．考查定語從句。句意：然而，正如雷切爾·卡森在《明日寓言》中所說，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有價值。引導非限定性定語從句，且有“正如”之意，用關系代詞as引導。故填as。
44．考查定語從句。句意：“從前，在美國的中心地帶有一個小鎮，那里所有的生命似乎都和周圍的環境一起享受著和平的生活，”她的寓言是這樣開頭的，借用了許多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的詞。句中先行詞為town，在非限定性定語從句作地點狀語，所以用關系副詞where引導。故填where。
45．考查非謂語動詞。句意：“從前，在美國的中心地帶有一個小鎮，那里所有的生命似乎都和周圍的環境一起享受著和平的生活，”她的寓言是這樣開頭的，借用了許多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的詞。句中已有謂語動詞，所以用非謂語動詞形式。邏輯主語her fable與borrow之間為主動關系，所以用現在分詞作狀語。故填borrowing。
46．考查非謂語動詞。句意：然而，在簡潔的風格背后，是每個人都想要傳達的重要信息。be intended for打算為……所用，在句中作定語，所以用過去分詞形式。故填intended。
47．考查形容詞。句意：與傳統寓言不同，卡森的故事以一種指責而不是道德結束。be different from與……不同，所以用形容詞作狀語。故填Different。
48．考查介詞。句意：她警告社會面臨的環境危險，并教導人們必須承擔起保護環境的責任。take responsibility for對……負責。故填for。
49．考查名詞。句意：然而，卡森的主題是對環境破壞的更嚴重警告。形容詞weighty后接名詞形式。根據句中不定冠詞a可知，用可數名詞的單數形式。故填warning。
50．考查語態。句意：卡森證明了一種簡單的抒情形式，已經代代相傳，今天仍然可以用來吸引人們對重要真理的關注。從句主語a simple lyric form與employ之間為被動關系，所以用被動語態。情態動詞can后接動詞原形。故填be employed。
Passage 8（2023浙1月江卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing ____56____ arranged the residential areas according to social classes. The term “hutong”, ____57____ (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, ____58____ (surround)in concentric(同心的)circles by the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens of higher social classes ____59____ (permit)to live closer to the center of the circles. The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often ____60____ (feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子). The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by ____61____ (space)homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and ____62____ (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.
Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijing’s long history ____63____ capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic ____64____ (event). In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect _____65_____ culture of grassroots Beijingers.
【參考答案】56. and 57. originally 58. surrounded 59. were permitted 60. featured 61. spacious 62 simpler 63. as 64. events 65. the
【文本分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了北京的胡同的由來、規模及歷史意義。
【答案詳解】
56.考查連詞。句意：在中國的朝代時期，皇帝規劃北京城并根據社會階層安排居住區。分析句子結構可知，planned和arranged是并列的謂語動詞，表示并列關系應用連詞and連接。故填and。
57.考查副詞。句意：胡同起初在蒙古語當中是“水井”的意思，首次出現在元朝。空格處修飾動詞meaning需要填副詞形式。故填originally。
58.考查非謂語動詞。句意：在明朝，紫禁城是中心，它被由內層和外層構成的同心圓包圍。分析句子結構，was是謂語動詞，空格處需要填非謂語動詞作后置定語，主語the Forbidden City和surround之間是動賓關系，需填過去分詞形式。故填surrounded。
59.考查動詞的被動語態。句意：高等階層的公民被允許住在離中心地帶更近的地方。分析句子結構可知，空格處在句中作謂語，和主語Citizens of higher social classes構成被動關系，因為是對過去事實的陳述應用一般過去時。故填were permitted。
60.考查動詞時態。句意：這些高級官員和有錢商人的高大的四合院，通常以雕刻精美和被粉刷的房頂橫梁和柱子為特點。分析句子結構可知，空格處需要填謂語動詞，再結合上下文時態可知，空格處應用一般過去時。故填featured。
61.考查形容詞。句意：他們建立的胡同井然有序。寬大的房屋和有墻的花園成行排列。空格處需要填形容詞作定語修飾空格后的名詞homes。故填spacious。
62.考查形容詞比較級。句意：他們的四合院規模要小很多，并且在設計和裝飾上更加簡單，并且胡同也更窄。根據句子結構和and可知，空格處需要填形容詞比較級和前面的smaller構成并列結構作表語。故填simpler。
63.考查介詞。句意：感謝北京作為中國首都的悠久的歷史，同時每一條胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有一些還跟歷史事件有關。根據句意可知，空格處譯為“作為”，as是介詞意為“作為”，符合句意。故填as。
64.考查名詞的數。句意：感謝北京作為中國首都的悠久的歷史，同時每一條胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有一些還跟歷史事件有關。根據空格前的形容詞historic可知，空格處需要填名詞，且event為可數名詞，應用復數形式。故填events。
65.考查冠詞。句意：與紫禁城頤和園和天壇所代表的宮廷生活和上流社會文化相比，胡同所反映出的是草根北京人的文化。根據名詞culture后面的介詞短語of grassroots Beijingers可知，此處culture表示特指概念，應用定冠詞the修飾。故填the。
Passage 9（2022新高考I卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). ___56___ (cover)an area about three times ___57___ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___58___ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___59___ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ___60___ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ___61___ leaving behind precious natural assets(資產)for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___62___ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and ___63___ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
Giant pandas also serve ___64___ an umbrella species(物種), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ____65____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
【參考答案】56.Covering 57. the 58. were 59. to increase 60. is designed 61. and 62. populations 63. eventually 64. as 65. that
【文本分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了中國政府決定建立的大熊貓國家公園(GPNP)的計劃。
【答案詳解】
56.考查非謂語動詞。句意：該公園占地面積約為黃石國家公園的三倍，將成為中國首批國家公園之一。設空處在句中作非謂語，cover和句子的邏輯主語the GPNP為邏輯的主動關系，應用現在分詞的形式作狀語，首字母大寫。故填Covering。
57.考查冠詞。句意：該公園占地面積約為黃石國家公園的三倍，將成為中國首批國家公園之一。本句的結構為：倍數+ the size of +比較成份。故填the。
58.考查時態和主謂一致。句意：該計劃將把保護范圍擴大到大量以前未受保護的地區，將許多現有的大熊貓保護區納入一個管理機構，以提高效率，減少管理上的不一致性。設空處在that引導的限制性定語從句中作謂語，先行詞為a significant number of areas，先行詞在從句中作主語，根據“previously (之前地)”可知從句的時態應為一般過去時，根據主謂一致，從句主語復數，從句謂語復數形式。故填were。
59.考查非謂語動詞。句意：該計劃將把保護范圍擴大到大量以前未受保護的地區，將許多現有的大熊貓保護區納入一個管理機構，以提高效率，減少管理上的不一致性。設空處在句中作非謂語，做目的狀語，應用動詞的不定式的形式。故填to increase。
60.考查時態語態和主謂一致。句意：GPNP旨在體現“保護自然生態系統的真實性和完整性，保護生物多樣性，保護生態緩沖區，為子孫后代留下寶貴的自然資產”的指導原則。設空處在句中作謂語，和句子的主語The GPNP之間為被動關系；敘述客觀事實，應用一般現在時。故設空處應為一般現在時的被動語態，主語單數，謂語單數形式。故填is designed。
61.考查連詞。句意：GPNP旨在體現“保護自然生態系統的真實性和完整性，保護生物多樣性，保護生態緩沖區，為子孫后代留下寶貴的自然資產”的指導原則。設空處前后為并列關系，應用and。故填and。
62.考查名詞。句意：GPNP的主要目標是改善不同種群和大熊貓家園之間的聯系，最終達到理想的野生大熊貓數量水平。設空處和and后的復數名詞homes并列在句中作賓語，應用可數名詞population (種群)的復數的形式。故填populations。
63.考查副詞。句意：GPNP的主要目標是改善不同種群和大熊貓家園之間的聯系，最終達到理想的野生大熊貓數量水平。設空處后為動詞achieve，設空處應用副詞eventually作狀語，修飾動詞achieve。故填eventually。
64.考查介詞。句意：大熊貓還扮演著保護傘的角色，為中國西南和西北地區的許多動植物帶來保護。固定短語：serve as (充當)。故填as。
65.考查定語從句關系詞。句意：該計劃旨在為生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物種提供更有力的保護，并顯著改善該地區的生態系統健康。設空處為關系詞引導限制性定語從句，先行詞等于關系詞，設空處在從句中作指物的主語，先行詞為species，且先行詞前為all修飾，只能用關系代詞that。故填that。
Passage 10（2022全國乙卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially ___61___ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate ___62___ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___63___ (address) the opening ceremony. “As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the ___64___ (large) tea-producing country, China has a ___65___ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a ___66___ (share) future for mankind,” he said.
The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (發布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation ___67___ cultural exchanges. A four-year tea promotion —Tea Road Cooperative Plan — was also issued in accordance with the initiative.
___68___ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, ___69___ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremon opening _____70_____ (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth — A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.
【參考答案】61. by 62. the 63. addressed 64. largest 65. responsibility 66. shared 67. and 68. To strengthen 69. inviting 70. its
【文本分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了為了慶祝第一個國際茶日，中國商會博物館所舉辦的一系列活動。
【答案詳解】
61.考查介詞。句意：2019年11月27日，聯合國正式將5月21日定為第一個國際茶日。根據句意可知，此處表達“被聯合國在5月21日命名”。表示被動，使用固定結構“be+過去分詞+by”。故填by。
62.考查非謂語動詞。句意：為了慶祝這一節日，周四在北京的中國商人博物館舉行了一系列活動。特指International Tea Day這一節日，所以用定冠詞the。故填the。
63.考查時態。句意：中國文化促進會會長在開幕式上致辭。陳述過去事情，用一般過去時。故填addressed。
64.考查形容詞最高級。句意：中國是茶的發源地和最大產茶國，作為國際茶日的主要推動者，中國有責任與其他國家共同促進茶產業的健康發展。根據定冠詞the和常識可知，中國是最大產茶國，所以用形容詞的最高級形式。故填largest。
65.考查名詞。句意：中國是茶的發源地和最大產茶國，作為國際茶日的主要推動者，中國有責任與其他國家共同促進茶產業的健康發展。不定冠詞a后接可數名詞的單數形式。故填responsibility。
66.考查非謂語動詞。句意：這有助于構建人類命運共同體。此處為非謂語動詞做定語來修飾名詞future。非謂語動詞share和名詞future之間為被動關系，所以用過去分詞作定語。故填shared。
67.考查連詞。句意：儀式上發布的“首個國際茶日萬里茶道合作倡議”呼吁茶業人士團結起來，促進國際合作和文化交流。名詞international cooperation和cultural exchanges為并列成分，作動詞promote的賓語。故填and。
68.考查非謂語動詞。句意：為了加強與年輕人的聯系，活動包括在社交媒體上的一系列公共宣傳活動，邀請了來自世界各地的29名茶葉專業人士進行36小時不間斷的直播。根據句意可知，此處表達“為了加強與年輕人的聯系”，需要用不定式作目的狀語。故填To strengthen。
69考查非謂語動詞。句意：為了加強與年輕人的聯系，活動包括在社交媒體上的一系列公共宣傳活動，邀請了來自世界各地的29名茶葉專業人士進行36小時不間斷的直播。此處為非謂語動詞，邏輯主語the event與invite之間為主動關系，所以用現在分詞作狀語。故填inviting。
70.考查代詞。句意：在開幕式上，中國古茶博物館正式揭牌，開啟了它的第一個展覽：大道遺真——普洱茶專題展。名詞exhibition前用形容詞性物主代詞。故填its。
Passage 11（2022浙江1月卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics ___36___ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane ____37____（view） as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. But Cobb and others ____38____ （be） now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and ____39____（change） their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, _____40_____（rough） 200 academics - many of them climate scientists ____41____ （promise） to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ___42___ she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of ___43___ time, they agreed. When the answer, was no, she, declined the ____44____ （invite）. That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans ______45______（continue） the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding. ", she says, "a really positive change."
【參考答案】36. who/that 37. is viewed##has been viewed 38. are 39. changing 40. roughly 41. have promised 42. whether##if 43. the 44. invitation 45. to continue
【文本分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一個由學者團體發行的實踐，目的是為了減少學術飛行以應對氣候變化危機。
【答案詳解】
36.考查定語從句。句意：亞特蘭大佐治亞科技研究院的教授Kim Cobb是一個少數但是不斷增加的少數學者中的一員，因為氣候變化，他們正在削減他們的飛機旅行。名詞academics后為定語從句且在從句中作主語，應使用關系代詞替代，故填that/who。
37.考查被動語態。句意：對科學家而言，旅行去參加會議、講座、工作室之類的地方來相聚并交流信息這件事被視為是重要的。描述人們普遍認知的事情用一般現在時，此處也可以表示強調人們從過去到現在的認知，動名詞作主語與主謂之間存在被動關系，故填is viewed或has been viewed。
38.考查時態和主謂一致。句意：但是現在Cobb和其他人正在質疑那個想法，推動會議提供更多遠程參加的機會以及為了盡自己的能力來應對氣候變化危機，他們正在改變他們的個人行為。根據句意可知，此處也應使用現在進行時，主語為復數，故填are。
39.考查時態。句意：但是現在Cobb和其他人正在質疑那個想法，推動會議提供更多遠程參加的機會以及為了盡自己的能力來應對氣候變化危機，他們正在改變他們的個人行為。分析句子結構可知，此處and連接并列的動詞questioning和change，故填changing。
40.考查副詞。句意：例如，在一個叫“無飛行科學家”的網站上，自從兩年前成立以來，大約有200個學者，他們中很多人承諾盡可能少飛行。此處修飾數字用副詞roughly“粗略地大約”，故填roughly。
41.考查時態。句意：例如，在一個叫“無飛行科學家”的網站上，自從兩年前成立以來，大約有200個學者，他們中很多人承諾盡可能少飛行。根據時間狀語“since+過去時間”可知主句應使用現在完成時，故填have promised。
42.考查賓語從句。句意：對于她的出席，Cobb開始詢問邀請她的組織者是否可以遠程進行。顯然ask后面出現了一個賓語從句，賓語從句句意不完整，whether/if“是否”符合語境，故填whether或if。
43.考查冠詞。句意：大約有四分之三的時間，他們同意了。此處特指Cobb詢問的時間范圍內，故填the。
44.考查名詞。句意：當答案是否定的時候，她拒絕了那個邀請。此處需填入名詞作動詞decline的賓語，故填invitation。
45.考查動詞不定式。句意：他打算繼續這個實踐。動詞plan后面跟動詞不定式，plan to do sth“計劃做”，故填to continue。
Passage 12（2021新高考I卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song “The Long and Winding Road”. ____56____is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ____57____ (human) are.
The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will ____58____(undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the ____59____ (hot) the spring! Strange, isn’t it But that’s how nature is — always leaving us ____60____(astonish).
What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it ____61____ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure ____62____offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ____63____ (ache) legs.
As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in ____64____(I).While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is ____65____ must to visit!
【參考答案】56. What 57. humans 58. undoubtedly 59. hotter 60. astonished 61. was 62. and 63. aching 64. mine 65. a
【文本分析】本文屬于說明文。文章介紹黃山的三種代表性的事物——云海，溫泉以及臺階。
【答案詳解】
56.考查主語從句。句意：這次經歷的驚人之處在于這世界之外的景色。此處是主語從句，從句缺乏主語，應用what引導，指代“經歷的事情”。故填What。
57.考查名詞復數。句意：當你站在黃山山頂看見波濤洶涌般的云海，你會想到我們人類是多么的渺小。human是we的同位語，we為復數，應用human的復數形式。故填humans。
58.考查副詞。句意：它無疑會幫助你恢復精神！修飾動詞help，應用副詞undoubtedly“毫無疑問地”。故填undoubtedly。
59.考查形容詞比較級。句意：關于黃山溫泉讓人驚訝的是，氣溫越低，溫泉越暖和。此處是固定結構“the +比較級，the+比較級”，意為“越……，越……”。故填hotter。
60.考查形容詞。句意：但大自然就是這樣——總是讓我們驚訝。此處是“leave +賓語+賓語補足語”，補充說明賓語us的感受，應用-ed結尾形容詞。故填astonished。
61.考查一般過去時。句意：你不禁會想，對當時的人們來說，把這些石頭都安置好有多難。分析句子可知，“how hard it 61 (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place”作wonder的賓語，it是從句的形式主語，不定式為真正主語，謂語動詞用單數形式，安置臺階的石頭為陳述過去的事情，應用一般過去時。故填was。
62.考查連詞。句意：雖然在上山的路上，這是唯一不自然的事情，但它仍然突出了整個冒險，并且提供了一個你可以坐下來休息你疼痛的雙腿的地方。分析句子可知，“highlights the whole adventure”與“offers a place”部分為并列關系，都是作it的謂語，故用并列連詞and。
63.考查形容詞。句意：雖然在上山的路上，這是唯一不自然的事情，但它仍然突出了整個冒險，并且提供了一個你可以坐下來休息你疼痛的雙腿的地方。分析句子及語境可知，此處應用形容詞aching“疼痛的”修飾名詞legs，意為“疼痛的雙腿”。故填aching。
64.考查代詞。句意：正如歌中所唱，這條漫長而曲折的道路“永遠不會消失”，它將永遠留在游客的記憶中。對我來說確實如此。根據前一句“it will always stick in the visitor's memory”可知，本句為does指代前一句的stick，本句缺乏賓語，應用名詞性物主代詞mine指代my memory。故填mine。
65.考查冠詞。句意：當你在中國的時候，黃山是一個你一定要去的地方。must作名詞時，意為“絕對必要的事物”，為可數名詞，此處泛指“一個必須去的地方”，應用不定冠詞，must是以輔音音素開頭的詞，應用a。故填a。
Passage 13（2021全國乙卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影響)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become ___61___ (educate)about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the ___62___(develop)of the local areas.
Ecotourism has ___63___(it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept ___64___ the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.
Due to ___65___ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types ___66___ trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:
·Minimize the impact of ___67___(visit)the place.
·Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.
·Provide ___68___(finance)aid and other benefits for local peoples.
·Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.
Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity.___69___(activity)there range from whale watching to hiking(遠足)and accommodations aim ____70____(have) a low impact on the natural environment.
【參考答案】61. educated 62. development 63. its 64. until 65. the 66. of 67. visiting 68. financial 69. activities 70. to have
【文本分析】這是一篇說明文。主要講述生態旅游通常被認為是到原始地區的低影響旅游。但是由于與環境相關的探險旅行越來越受歡迎，各種各樣的旅行現在被歸類為生態旅游。實際上，生態旅游必須滿足一些規定。
【答案詳解】
61.考查形容詞。句意：這不同于傳統的旅游，因為它能讓旅行者了解這個地區——無論是地理環境還是文化特色，并且經常為環境保護提供資金，并有利于當地的發展。分析句子成分可知，此處查固定搭配become educated about表示“對……有所了解”。故填educated。
62.考查名詞。句意：這不同于傳統的旅游，因為它能讓旅行者了解這個地區——無論是地理環境還是文化特色，并且經常為環境保護提供資金，并有利于當地的發展。根據空格前的定冠詞the可知，此處填入名詞development來做動詞benefits的賓語。故填development。
63.考查代詞。句意：生態旅游起源于20世紀70年代的環境運動。根據空格后名詞origin可知，此處形容詞性物主代詞來修飾名詞origin。故填its。
64.考查固定句型。句意：直到20世紀80年代晚期才作為旅游觀念被廣泛接受。根據句意可知，此處表示“直到20世紀80年代晚期才作為旅游觀念被廣泛接受”，表示“直到……才……”使用固定句型“not……until……”。故填until。
65.考查冠詞。句意：由于與環境相關的探險旅行越來越受歡迎，各種各樣的旅行現在被歸類為生態旅游。分析句子結構可知，空格處應填冠詞。再結合空格后“growing popularity of environmental-related and adventure travel”可知，此處特指與環境相關的探險旅行越來越受歡迎，所以應填定冠詞the。故填the。
66.考查介詞。句意：由于與環境相關的探險旅行越來越受歡迎，各種各樣的旅行現在被歸類為生態旅游。various types of 為固定搭配表示“各種各樣的”，所以空格處應填of。故填of。
67.考查動名詞。句意：最大限度地減少拜訪這個地方的影響。根據空格前介詞of可知，空格處應填動名詞形式來作介詞of的賓語。故填visiting。
68.考查形容詞。句意：為當地人民提供財政援助和其他福利。根據空后名詞aid可知，空格處應填形容詞來修飾名詞aid，finance的形容詞形式為financial。故填financial。
69.考查名詞。句意：那里的活動從觀鯨到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是對自然環境影響達到很小。根據謂語動詞range可知，空格處應填用可數名詞activity的復數形式作主語。故填activities。
70.考查非謂語動詞。句意：那里的活動從觀鯨到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是對自然環境影響達到很小。固定短語aim to do譯為“旨在，目的是”。故填to have。
Passage 14（2021北京卷A）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Why do we dream？Scientists aren't completely sure,and they have diverse____11____ (idea)．Dreams might be a side effect of memory making.When you sleep,your brain sorts through everything ____12____ happened during the day，trying to link new experiences to old memories. As it ____13____ (connect) things，your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream．
【參考答案】11. ideas 12. that 13. connects
【文本分析】這是一篇說明文。文章解釋了我們為什么會做夢的原因。
【答案詳解】
11.考查可數名詞的數。句意：科學家們還不能完全確定，他們有不同的想法。diverse“不同的，多種多樣的”，形容詞作定語，后接可數名詞復數；idea想法，可數名詞。故填ideas。
12.考查定語從句。句意：當你睡覺時，你的大腦會整理白天發生的一切，試圖將新經歷與舊記憶聯系起來。分析句子結構可知，空處需用連接詞引導定語從句，先行詞是不定代詞everything，關系詞在定語從句中作主語，所以此處需用關系代詞that引導定語從句。故填that。
13.考查時態。句意：當它連接事物時，你的大腦將它們變成一個故事，然后你就得到了一個夢。由主句謂語動詞turns可知，空處從句的謂語動詞需用一般現在時態，主語是第三人稱單數it，所以空處謂語動詞需用單數。故填connects。
Passage 15（2021浙江1月卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (體重指數) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier 28． that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.
BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 29． gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a 30． (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared. and a BMI of between 19 and 25 31． (consider) healthy.
The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 32． 2. 1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain 33． (be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. The researchers described “striking changes” in the geography of BMI. Tn 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 34． (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed 35．(sharp).
This may be due to some disadvantages for people 36． (live) in the countryside, including 37． (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
【參考答案】28.and 29.that/which 30.person’s 31.is considered 32.By 33.was 34.Studied 35.sharply 36.living 37.lower
【文本分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如今世界各地的人體重越來越超標，主要是由于農村地區的體重指數（BMI）增加了，并分析了其中的原因。
【答案詳解】
28．考查連詞。句意：在一項對200個國家33年體重指數趨勢的研究中，科學家們發現，世界各地的人們體重越來越重，而這主要是由于農村地區體重指數的增加。分析句子結構可知，that people worldwide are getting heavier和that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.都是found引導的賓語從句，是并列關系，故填and。
29．考查定語從句關系代詞。句意：BMI是一種國際公認的測量工具，它可以顯示一個人的體重是否健康。分析句子結構可知，tool是先行詞，且在從句中做主語，故填that/which。
30．考查名詞所有格。句意：它的計算方法是用一個人的體重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在19到25之間被認為是健康的。分析句子結構可知，person是修飾weight的，用 person的名詞所有格person’s。故填person’s。
31．考查動詞被動語態。句意：它的計算方法是用一個人的體重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在19到25之間被認為是健康的。分析句子結構可知，句子缺少謂語，主語（a BMI）是單數，時態是一般現在時，且主語和consider是表被動關系，故填is considered。
32．考查介詞。句意：研究發現，1985年至2017年間，農村女性和男性的平均BMI增加了2.1。increase by表示“增加了”；increase to表示“增加到”。根據正常的成人BMI數值（18.5-23.9）可知，increase by符合語境，故填by。
33．考查主謂一致和動詞時態。句意：然而，在城市中，女性增加了1.3，男性增加了1.6。分析句子結構可知，句子缺少謂語，主語（gain）是單數，時態是一般過去時，故填was。
34．考查非謂語動詞。句意：1985年，在被研究的國家中，超過四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMIs高于農村地區的男性和女性。分析句子結構可知，句子的謂語是had，所以study用非謂語形式，它的邏輯主語是countries，表被動關系，故填studied。
35．考查副詞。句意：但30年后，許多國家城市和農村人口的BMI差異大幅縮小。分析句子結構可知，sharp是要修飾動詞narrow，用sharp的副詞形式sharply。故填sharply。
36．考查非謂語動詞。句意：這可能是由于生活在農村的人有一些不利條件，包括較低的收入和教育水平，較高的健康食品成本，以及較少的體育設施。分析句子結構可知，句子已有謂語動詞may be，故live用非謂語形式，它的邏輯主語是people，表主動關系，做定語，用現在分詞形式，故填living。
37．考查形容詞比較級。句意：這可能是由于生活在農村的人有一些不利條件，包括較低的收入和教育水平，較高的健康食品成本，以及較少的體育設施。分析句子結構可知，including說明的是一些不利條件，且后面有higher和fewer，是并列關系，所以low也應該用比較級形式，故填lower。
Passage 16（2020新課標Ⅰ）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探測器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess ___61___ (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is ___62___ (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot ___63___ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular ___64___ (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (環形山)， more so ___65___ the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 ___66___ (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. ＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it ___67___ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon ___68___ (construct)＂ Data about the moon’s composition, such as how ___69___ ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether ____70____ (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
【參考答案】61. touched 62. extremely 63. where 64. interest 65. than 66. to find 67. means 68. is constructed 69. much 70. its
【文本分析】這是一篇說明文。中國成為第一個將航天器降落在月球背面的國家，文章主要介紹了中國無人月球探測器嫦娥四號發射的意義。
【答案詳解】
61..考查時態。句意：無人月球探測器嫦娥四號——名字的靈感來源于古代的中國月亮女神——上周在南極艾特肯盆地著陸。此處是句子的謂語，根據時間狀語last week可知應使用一般過去時，故填touched。
62.考查副詞。句意：登錄月球的背面是極其有挑戰性的。空處修飾形容詞challenging，應使用extreme的副詞形式，故填extremely。
63.考查定語從句。句意：中國首先必須把一顆人造衛星送入月球軌道上的一個點，人造衛星可以在這個點向航天器和地球發射信號。分析句子可知，空處引導一個定語從句，先行詞是a spot，關系詞替代先行詞在從句中作地點狀語，應用where引導。故填where。
64.考查名詞。句意：月球背面讓科學家尤其感興趣。根據空前的形容詞particular可知，空處應填名詞，interest是不可數名詞，be of interest to sb.意為“(某物)使某人感興趣”。故填interest。
65.考查介詞。句意：因為它比熟悉的一面有更多的深環形山。根據空前的比較級more so可知，此處填介詞than，表示“比……更”。故填than。
66.考查非謂語動詞。句意：中國的研究者希望使用嫦娥四號上的設備來發現和研究南極艾特肯盆地。此處表示目的，應使用不定式作目的狀語。故填to find。
67.考查時態和主謂一致。句意：“這真的使科學家們激動，”布朗大學的一位科學家Carle Pieters說：“因為它意味著我們有機會獲得月球是如何構造的信息。”根據上文“This really excites scientists”可知，此處也使用一般現在時，主語是it，所以空處謂語動詞使用第三人稱單數形式means，故填means。
68.考查時態、語態和主謂一致。句意同上。分析句子可知，此處是賓語從句謂語動詞，謂語construct與主語the moon之間是被動關系，應使用被動語態，再由上下文可知此處應使用一般現在時，主語the moon是單數，故填is constructed。
69.考查形容詞。句意：關于月亮構成的數據，比如它含有多少水和其他財富，可以幫助中國決定它未來月球基地的計劃是否實用。ice是不可數名詞，應使用much修飾，故填much。
70.考查代詞。句意同上。根據空后的名詞plans可知，此處應使用形容詞性物主代詞its，故填its。
Passage 17（2020新課標Ⅱ）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Deorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year is a ___61___ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers ___62___ (carry) special significance. They represent the earth ___63___ (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:
Oranges: Orange trees are more ___64___ decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifs and you see them many times ___65___ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. ___66___ (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated ___67___ health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy ___68___ (care) for and make great presents.
Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The ___69___ (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are ____70____ first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
【參考答案】61. celebration 62. carries ing 64. than 65. decorated 66. Certainly 67. with 68. to care 69. beautiful 70. the
【文本分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了用一些植物、水果和鮮花裝飾中國新年的寓意。
【答案詳解】
61.考查名詞。句意：中國新年是一個慶祝冬天的結束和春天的開始。不定冠詞a后接名詞形式。故填celebration。
62.考查主謂一致。句意：這就是為什么用植物、水果和鮮花裝飾具有特殊意義的原因。這是一個表語從句，從句主語為動名詞短語decorating with plants, fruits and flowers，所以謂語動詞用單數形式。故填carries。
63.考查非謂語動詞。句意：它們代表著大地的復蘇和對新開端的美好祝愿。句中謂語動詞為represent，所以這里為非謂語動詞。名詞earth與come back to之間為主動關系，所以用現在分詞作后置定語。故填coming。
64.考查短語。句意：桔子樹不僅僅是裝飾品；more than不僅僅，不只是。故填than。
65.考查非謂語動詞。句意：它們是很好的禮物，你會經常看到它們裝飾著紅包和好運的信息。句中them指代前句中的orange trees，與decorate之間為被動關系，所以用過去分詞作賓語補足語。故填decorated。
66.考查副詞。句意：當然在假期期間，這種植物是絕對必要的事物。介詞短語做時間狀語，因此只有改變成副詞才能復合句子結構，用副詞形式做狀語。故填Certainly。
67.考查短語。句意：竹類植物與健康、富足和幸福的家庭聯系在一起。be associated with與……相聯系。故填with。
68.考查非謂語動詞。句意：它們很容易照顧，也很適合作為禮物。這里考查“be +形容詞 + to do”結構。故填to care。
69.考查形容詞。句意：美麗的長枝上覆蓋著粉紅色的花蕾，做成漂亮的裝飾。修飾名詞branches，用形容詞形式。故填beautiful。
70.考查冠詞。句意：雪還在融化時，梅花是第一個開花的。這里表示特指，所以序數詞first前要加定冠詞the。故填the。
Passage 18（2020山東卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, ___36___ (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big ___37___ until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, ___38___ (form) the core collection of the British Museum ___39___ opened in 1759.
The parts of a museum open to the public ___40___ (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum’s collection ___41___ (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.
Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模擬) and imagine ___42___ (they) living at a different time in history or ___43___(walk)through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the city’s Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical ___44___ (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete ____45____people’s spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.
【參考答案】36. wealthy 37.or 38. formed 39. which/that 40. are called 41. is 42. themselves 43. walking 44. accuracy 45. for
【文本分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了博物館藏品的來源及博物館給人們帶來的好處和面臨的挑戰。
【答案詳解】
36.考查形容詞。句意:在18和19世紀，富人旅行并收集植物、歷史物品和藝術品。此處修飾名詞people，應使用形容詞，做定語。故填wealthy。
37.考查連詞。句意:他們把自己的藏品留在家里，直到收藏變得太大或者自己去世，然后這些藏品被捐給一家博物館。根據語境可知，前后陳述的是兩者可能性，應使用連詞or:或者。故填or。
38.考查動詞時態。句意:例如，漢斯 斯隆爵士的8萬件藏品構成了1759年開館的大英博物館的核心藏品。此處是謂語動詞，根據時間狀語in1759可知，應使用一般過去時。故填formed。
39.考查定語從句。句意:例如，漢斯 斯隆爵士的8萬件藏品構成了1759年開館的大英博物館的核心藏品。此處是限定性定語從句，先行詞是the British Museum，關系詞在從句中做主語，應使用關系代詞which/that引導。故填which/that。
40.考查動詞時態及語態。句意:博物館對公眾開放的部分被稱為畫廊或展廳。此處描述的是客觀使用，應使用一般現在時；主語與call是邏輯動賓關系，應使用被動語態，且主語是復數概念。故填are called。
41.考查主謂一致。句意:通常，博物館只展出一小部分藏品。此處描述的是客觀事實，應使用一般現在時，主語a small part of a museum’s collection是單數概念，謂語動詞應使用第三人稱單數形式，且后面的Most of it is stored away or used for research.中的is也是提示。故填is。
42.考查反身代詞。句意:除了觀賞展品，游客還可以玩電腦模擬游戲，想象自己生活在一個不同的歷史時期，或者漫步在熱帶雨林中。此處指代visitors，意為“他們自己”，應使用反身代詞。故填themselves。
43.考查非謂語動詞。句意:除了觀賞展品，游客還可以玩電腦模擬游戲，想象自己生活在一個不同的歷史時期，或者漫步在熱帶雨林中。此處與living是并列成分，共同做imagine的賓補，imagine sb doing sth. “想象某人做某事”。故填walking。
44.考查名詞。句意:歷史的準確性很重要，但娛樂也很重要。此處做主語，位于形容詞historical之后，應使用名詞，意為“歷史的準確性”。故填accuracy。
45.考查介詞。句意:博物館必須和其他娛樂活動競爭人們的業余時間和金錢。此處是固定短語:compete for，意為: “為了……競爭”。故填for。
Passage 19 (2020海南卷)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
These days, it is not unusual for 10- to 12-year-olds to publish their own websites or for second and third graders 1 (begin) computer classes. At the same time, computer games are becoming increasingly popular as major publishing houses continue to develop 2 (education) computer programs for children in preschool. Also, technological know-how has become a 3 (require) for most jobs in an increasingly digital world, as the computer has become a common tool in most 4 (profession).
The Digital World is a set of volumes 5 aim to describe how digital systems influence society and help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their many interacting parts. Each volume in the set explores 6 wide range of material, explains the basic concepts of major applications of digital systems, 7 discusses the influences they have on everyday life. Because the number of possible topics 8 (be) practically limitless, we focus on a sample of the most interesting and useful applications and tools and explain the basic principles of technology. Readers 9 (encourage) to continue exploring the digital world with the guidance of 10 (we) Further Resources section featured in each volume.
【參考答案】to begin ; educational ; requirement ; professions ; that 或 which ; a ; and ; is ; are encouraged ; our
【文本分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了《數字世界》叢書的出版的背景和目的等方面信息語法填空體裁微解：說明文
I綜合專練
Passage 1 (2025全國I卷)
閱讀下面短文, 在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ____56____ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
Go is one of ____57____ earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition.
“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We hope ____58____ (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.”
“In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ‘____59____ (guide)’ till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition.
“The players’ personalities ____60____ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always ____61____ (try) to beat the opponent ____62____ no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿態) of respect for the other side. ”
Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the ____63____ (strategy) placement of the pieces, ____64____ the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, ____65____ (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
Passage 2 (2024全國I卷)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times.
The latest ____56____ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective ____57____ (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (鋁). These sepals open on warm days ____58____ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays ____59____ (close) to protect the plants.
Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____60____ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ____61____ first time. These plants included modern Western ____62____ (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too.
The Glasshouse stands ____63____ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ____64____ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the _____65_____ (rich) of gardening in England.
Passage 3 (2024全國II卷)
閱讀下面短文, 在空白處填入 1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Chinese cultural elements commemorating (紀念) Tang Xianzu, ___56___ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown.
Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common ___57___ (theme) in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___58___ (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways ___59___ Romeo and Juliet.”
A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___60___ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, ___61___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international ___62___ (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___63___ (find)the connection between the two great writers.
___64___ (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ____65____ see how Tang’s play was being performed.”
Passage 4 (2024全國甲卷)
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Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend ____41____ (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. They are ____42____ (treasure) of American heritage (遺產). How did the national park system come about On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ____43____ is now northwestern Wyoming. They ____44____(be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.
What should ____45____(do) with such a beautiful place They wondered out loud. This area, with ____46____ (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved ____47____ all people of the nation to enjoy — as a national park. They all agreed and vowed (承諾) to promote the idea at the ____48____ (complete) of their journey. Their promotional work paid off. Two years later, 18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became the first national park in the United States and the world. Yellowstone was the ____49____ (large) United States national park — 2.2 million acres — until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, _____50_____ became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
Passage 5（2023新高考Ⅰ卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, 56 (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether 57 (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), 58 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the 59 (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long Bao’s birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed 60 hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 61 (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of 62 (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with 63 touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.
No matter where I buy them, one steamer is 64 (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left 65 (want) more next time.
Passage 6（2023全國乙卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong 41 royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully 42 (build) system of ring roads.
But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 43 welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural 44 (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, 45 somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 46 (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I 47 (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遺產) while constantly growing. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 48 (record) everything I discovered.
The 49 (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, 50 (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
Passage 7（2023全國甲卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) 41 (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the 42 (six) century, B．C． Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 43 Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.”
Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, 44 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, 45 (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 46 (intend) for everyone.
47 (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 48 saving their environment.
The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty 49 (warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literal form that has been passed down through the ages can still 50 (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
Passage 8（2023浙1月江卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing ____56____ arranged the residential areas according to social classes. The term “hutong”, ____57____ (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, ____58____ (surround)in concentric(同心的)circles by the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens of higher social classes ____59____ (permit)to live closer to the center of the circles. The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often ____60____ (feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子). The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by ____61____ (space)homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and ____62____ (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.
Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijing’s long history ____63____ capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic ____64____ (event). In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect _____65_____ culture of grassroots Beijingers.
Passage 9（2022新高考I卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). ___56___ (cover)an area about three times ___57___ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___58___ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___59___ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ___60___ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ___61___ leaving behind precious natural assets(資產)for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___62___ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and ___63___ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
Giant pandas also serve ___64___ an umbrella species(物種), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ____65____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
Passage 10（2022全國乙卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially ___61___ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate ___62___ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___63___ (address) the opening ceremony. “As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the ___64___ (large) tea-producing country, China has a ___65___ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a ___66___ (share) future for mankind,” he said.
The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (發布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation ___67___ cultural exchanges. A four-year tea promotion —Tea Road Cooperative Plan — was also issued in accordance with the initiative.
___68___ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, ___69___ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremon opening _____70_____ (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth — A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.
Passage 11（2022浙江1月卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics ___36___ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane ____37____（view） as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. But Cobb and others ____38____ （be） now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and ____39____（change） their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, _____40_____（rough） 200 academics - many of them climate scientists ____41____ （promise） to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ___42___ she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of ___43___ time, they agreed. When the answer, was no, she, declined the ____44____ （invite）. That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans ______45______（continue） the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding. ", she says, "a really positive change."
Passage 12（2021新高考I卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song “The Long and Winding Road”. ____56____is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ____57____ (human) are.
The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will ____58____(undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the ____59____ (hot) the spring! Strange, isn’t it But that’s how nature is — always leaving us ____60____(astonish).
What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it ____61____ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure ____62____offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ____63____ (ache) legs.
As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in ____64____(I).While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is ____65____ must to visit!
Passage 13（2021全國乙卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影響)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become ___61___ (educate)about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the ___62___(develop)of the local areas.
Ecotourism has ___63___(it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept ___64___ the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.
Due to ___65___ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types ___66___ trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:
·Minimize the impact of ___67___(visit)the place.
·Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.
·Provide ___68___(finance)aid and other benefits for local peoples.
·Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.
Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity.___69___(activity)there range from whale watching to hiking(遠足)and accommodations aim ____70____(have) a low impact on the natural environment.
Passage 14（2021北京卷A）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Why do we dream？Scientists aren't completely sure,and they have diverse____11____ (idea)．Dreams might be a side effect of memory making.When you sleep,your brain sorts through everything ____12____ happened during the day，trying to link new experiences to old memories. As it ____13____ (connect) things，your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream．
Passage 15（2021浙江1月卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (體重指數) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier 28． that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.
BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 29． gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a 30． (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared. and a BMI of between 19 and 25 31． (consider) healthy.
The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 32． 2. 1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain 33． (be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. The researchers described “striking changes” in the geography of BMI. Tn 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 34． (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed 35．(sharp).
This may be due to some disadvantages for people 36． (live) in the countryside, including 37． (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
Passage 16（2020新課標Ⅰ）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探測器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess ___61___ (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is ___62___ (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot ___63___ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular ___64___ (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (環形山)， more so ___65___ the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 ___66___ (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. ＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it ___67___ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon ___68___ (construct)＂ Data about the moon’s composition, such as how ___69___ ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether ____70____ (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
Passage 17（2020新課標Ⅱ）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Deorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year is a ___61___ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers ___62___ (carry) special significance. They represent the earth ___63___ (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:
Oranges: Orange trees are more ___64___ decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifs and you see them many times ___65___ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. ___66___ (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated ___67___ health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy ___68___ (care) for and make great presents.
Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The ___69___ (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are ____70____ first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
Passage 18（2020山東卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, ___36___ (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big ___37___ until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, ___38___ (form) the core collection of the British Museum ___39___ opened in 1759.
The parts of a museum open to the public ___40___ (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum’s collection ___41___ (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.
Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模擬) and imagine ___42___ (they) living at a different time in history or ___43___(walk)through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the city’s Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical ___44___ (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete ____45____people’s spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.
Passage 19 (2020海南卷)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
These days, it is not unusual for 10- to 12-year-olds to publish their own websites or for second and third graders 1 (begin) computer classes. At the same time, computer games are becoming increasingly popular as major publishing houses continue to develop 2 (education) computer programs for children in preschool. Also, technological know-how has become a 3 (require) for most jobs in an increasingly digital world, as the computer has become a common tool in most 4 (profession).
The Digital World is a set of volumes 5 aim to describe how digital systems influence society and help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their many interacting parts. Each volume in the set explores 6 wide range of material, explains the basic concepts of major applications of digital systems, 7 discusses the influences they have on everyday life. Because the number of possible topics 8 (be) practically limitless, we focus on a sample of the most interesting and useful applications and tools and explain the basic principles of technology. Readers 9 (encourage) to continue exploring the digital world with the guidance of 10 (we) Further Resources section featured in each volume.
Passage 20（2020北京卷B）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they___4___(throw) away. It takes them hundreds of years___5___(break) down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger ones can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. Over time, the bags fall apart___6___countless tiny pieces, and fish can accidentally eat some of them. Now, lots of___7___(country) and regions are taking action to ban the sale of such bags to stop people using them.
Passage 21（2020北京卷C）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
A piece of stone___8___(find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought. The Neanderthals___9___（live）alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago. They were much stronger than modern humans, but it's long been assumed that human ancestors were____10____（smart）than the Neanderthals. However, the stone tool made by Neanderthals suggests otherwise.
Passage 22（2020浙江7月卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Some time after 10，000 BC，people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived ___56___ ，through agriculture. Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on ___57___ could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
Farming produced more food per person ___58___ hunting and gathering，so people were able to raise more children. And，as more children were born，more food ___59___(need). Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology ___60___(change)lives.
By about 6000 BC，people ___61___ (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later，they learned to work with the ___62___ (season)，planting at the right time and，in dry areas， ___63___ (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.
This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then，with ___64___ rise of science，changes began. New methods _____65_____ (mean)that fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or so，these changes have accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers(化肥)have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age.
Passage 23（2020浙江1月卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median(中位數的)age of an American in 1950___56___(be)30-today it is 41 and is expected___57___(increase)to 42 by 2050. For Japan, the___58___(number)are more striking-22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050. In 2015, one in 12 people around the world were over 65；by 2050, it will be one in six.
This aging of the population is driven___59___two factors. The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are large___60___(compare)to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes___61___(old)than before. This is___62___(particular)true in the US. The second reason is that people are living longer. A child born in the US today has___63___very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.
People tend to focus on the first factor. However, greater attention should___64___(place)on longevity(長壽). It isn't just that people are, on average, living longer. It's also that they are on average healthier___65___more productive for longer. Therefore, they can work for longer, consume more and in general be a boost to the economy.
Passage 24（2019全國卷I）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ___61___ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ___62___ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modem methods ___63___ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___64___ (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut ___65___ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ___66___ (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by ___67___ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(錯覺) that populations are ___68___ (high) than they actually are. Of ___69___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ___70___ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
Passage 25（2019浙江卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
There are several reasons why school uniforms are good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody ___56___ (have) to worry about fashion(時尚). Everybody wears___57___ same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways, A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___58___gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or ___59___ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can ___60___ (easy) see them.
But can uniforms help improve school standards The answer ___61___ this question is not clear. One study in America found that students' grades ___62___ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didn't want ___63___ (wear) the uniform. Other American studies showed no ___64___(connect) between uniforms and school performance.
School uniforms are ___65___ (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. Some very good schools don't have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.
Passage 26（2019北京卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Earth Day，___4___(mark)on 22 April，is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. First celebrated ___5___ 1970，the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions(地區). No matter what you like to do，there is a way to get involved in various ___6___(activity) on Earth Day. You can plant a tree，make a meal with locally grown vegetables，or save power—the possibilities are endless.
Passage 27（2019北京卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Does the name of the college you attend really matter？Research on the question ___7___(suggest)that，for most students，it doesn't. What students do at college seems to matter much more than ___8___ they go. The students benefitting most from college are those ___9___ are totally engaged(參與)in academic life. taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources(資源)，Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and ___10___(meaning)college experience.
Passage 28（2018全國卷I）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 (long) than non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.
While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause).
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise … it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68 (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always 69 (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try.
Passage 29（2018全國卷I I）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country ___61___（grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ___62___ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
A taste for meat is ___63___ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice ___64___ (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water ___65___ rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased ___66___ (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total ___67___ (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government ___68___ (start) a soil-testing program ___69___ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while ___70___ (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.

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